Geo politics FEU PolSci.docx

8/15/2019 Geo politics FEU PolSci.docx

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AN EVALUATION TO THE POLITICAL ASSIMILATION AND POLITICAL

COOPERATION OF BARANGAY GULOD, ZONE 2 IN THE SECOND

DISTRICT OF NOVALICHES QUEZON CITY

A Research S!"#

Prese$e" T% TheFac!&# %' De(ar)e$ %' P%&**ca& Sc*e$ce

I$s*!e %' Ars a$" Sc*e$ces

Far Easer$ U$*+ers*#

I$ Par*a& F!&'*&)e$ %' he Re!*re)e$s '%r he

Re-*%$a& a$" I$er$a*%$a& Or-a$*.a*%$ / POL S01

a#+ee Ba&&eser%s

%h$ Da$*e& E3 F*$!&*ar

ese&ea La-asca

Fe&*c*ss*)% Te$%r*%


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CHAPTER 0

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BAC4GROUND

INTRODUCTION

The s!"# %' (%&**ca& c!&!re *s *)(%ra$ *$ !$"ersa$"*$- he (%&**ca& &*'e *$ a$#

s%c*e#3 5h*&e he s!"# %' *$s*!*%$s s!ch as (%&**ca& (ar*es, &e-*s&a%rs, *$eres

-r%!(s, a$" he 6!rea!crac# a$" h%7 he# %(erae *s *)(%ra$, * ca$$% (r%+*"e a '!&&

!$"ersa$"*$- %' a s%c*e#8s (%&**ca& (r%cesses3 The *$s*!*%$a& sr!c!re %' he (%&**ca&

s#se) a$" he*r "#$a)*cs %$ '%r) ha&' %' he (%&**ca& e!a*%$3 5ha *s a&s%

$ecessar# *$ %r"er % -a*$ s!ch a c%)(&ee !$"ersa$"*$- *s % e9a)*$e *$ a$

*$e-rae" )a$$er a s%c*e#8s c!&!ra& '%!$"a*%$s 7h*ch *s (%&**ca& s#se) %(eraes3

The s!"# %' he &aer ha&' %' he e!a*%$ *s c%))%$ :$%7$ as s!"# %' ;(%&**ca&

c!&!re


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The &%ca&e %' he s!"#, Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %'

N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*# 7as ch%se$ '%r he reas%$ ha * *s a &%7er c&ass s!6!r6 *$ hes%!h7es (%r*%$ %' he c*# %' Q!e.%$3 Des(*e he 'ac ha * *s :$%7$ '%r 6e*$- %$e %'

he (%%res a$" )%s !$"er"e+e&%(e" "*sr*cs %' he c%!$r# a$" )a$# %' he c*#s

s&!)s are '%!$" *$ h*s area3 V%er !r$%! *s s*&& h*-h *$ h*s area3 Base" %$ he rec%r"s

%' he COMELEC =Oc%6er 2101? he (%(!&a*%$ *s 0,1> a$" @2> res*"e$s 7ere a6&e

% +%e "!r*$- he &as e&ec*%$s %! %' he >0 re-*sere" +%ers3 5*h s!ch

)a$*'esa*%$, h*s s!"# %%: a "ee(er &%%: 6# s!"#*$- he &e+e&s %' (%&**ca&

ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he &%ca&e3

A&s% 5%sh*$s:# =0@? )e$*%$e" ha (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ 7*&& 6e &%7er *$ (&aces

*$ha6*e" 6# (%%r 7h% %6ser+e a 7h%&e h%s %' "*scr*)*$a%r# s%c*a& "*s*$c*%$s

es(ec*a& *' 6ase" %$ c&ass3 Th*s %' c%!rse *s a -e$era& r!&e e9ce(*%$s a&7a#s e9*s3

A$" he researchers '%!$" %! ha h*s *s he case *$ he &%ca&e %' he s!"# s*$ce +%er

!r$%! *s h*-h3 Laer %$ *$ he s!"#, * 7*&& 6e re+ea&e" ha h*s *s $% he case *$

Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#3

THEORETICAL FRAME5OR4

Var*a6&es A''ec*$- P%&**ca& Or*e$a*%$ a$" Par*c*(a*%$ %' 5%sh*$s:# =211?

*"e$*'*e" c&ass as %$e %' he +ar*a6&es ha a''ec (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" c%%(era*%$3

Oher h*$-s 6e*$- e!a&, he &%7er #%! are %$ he %e) (%&e %' &*'e, he &ess &*:e * *s

ha #%! 7*&& 6ec%)e a (%&**ca& ac*+*s3 U$s:*&&e" 7%r:ers are &ess &*:e ha$ are

6!s*$ess e9ec!*+es % rea" a6%! (%&**cs, a&: a6%! (%&**cs, +%e, %r r!$ '%r %''*ce3M*""&ec&ass (r%'ess*%$a&s 7*&& 6e )%re ac*+e ha$ (e%(&e %$ 7e&'are3 F!rher)%re,

5%sh*$s:# =00? )a"e a sr%$- sa$ce ha he 'e7er #%! ha+e %' he characer*s*cs

ass%c*ae" 7*h (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$, he &ess &*:e * *s ha #%! 7*&& "e+e&%( a$#

c%$$ec*%$ % he 7%r&" %' (%&**cs3


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High Political

Assimilation

Average Political Assimilation

Low Political

Assimilation

High Political

Cooperation

Average Political

Cooperation

Low Political

Cooperation

Upper Class

Middle Class

Lower Class

CONCEPTUAL FRAME5OR4

Th*s (ar %' he cha(er (rese$e" he (ara"*-) %' he s!"#, as sh%7$ *$ F*-!re

03 Th*s (ara"*-) ser+e" as a -!*"e *$ !$"ersa$"*$- he c%$e$ %' he s!"#3

F*-!re 03 Para"*-) %' he S!"#

The s!"# e+%&+e" ar%!$" he "*sc!ss*%$ c%$cer$*$- he (%&**ca& c!&!re %' he

c%))!$*# as (erce*+e" 6# se&ece" res*"e$s %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$"

"*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#3 The (ara"*-) %' he s!"# sh%7e" h%7 res(%$"e$s8

s%c*a& c&ass a''ec he*r (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" * !r$ 7%!&" a''ec he*r (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$3 Us*$- s%c*a& c&ass as a +ar*a6&e 7as cr**ca& *$ c&ass*'#*$- a$"!$"ersa$"*$- he (%&**ca& c!&!re %' he c%))!$*#3

I '!rher sh%7e" h%7 a (ers%$ 6e&%$-*$- % a h*-h s%c*a& c&ass, has a h*-h

(%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ ha 7%!&" 6e e!ae % a h*-h (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ hr%!-h &%ca&

a$" $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 I8s he sa)e 7*h a (ers%$ 6e&%$-*$- % )*""&e c&ass he has a$

S%c*a&

C&ass

P%&**ca&

C%%(era*%$

P%&**ca&

Ass*)*&a*%$


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a+era-e (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$3 F%r a (ers%$ 6e&%$-*$- % a

&%7er c&ass he 7*&& ha+e &%7 (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" &%7 (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$3

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Th*s s!"# a*)e" % *"e$*'# he (%&**ca& c!&!re %' he res*"e$s %' Bara$-a#

G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*# !s*$- s%c*a& c&ass as a

+ar*a6&e3 S(ec*'*ca&, * ae)(e" % '*$" a$s7ers % he '%&&%7*$- !es*%$s

03 5ha *s he s%c*%ec%$%)*c (r%'*&e %' he res(%$"e$s *$ er)s %'

a3 A-e

63 Ge$"er

c3 E"!ca*%$a& Aa*$)e$

"3 Occ!(a*%$

e3 I$c%)e

23 5ha *s he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s

J3 5ha *s he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s

OBECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Th*s 7as a s!"# ha '%c!se" %$ he (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$ %' he res*"e$s %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %'

N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#3

A&s%, * c%+ere" he re&a*%$sh*( %' s%c*a& c&ass s(ec*'*ca& he &%7er c&ass %

(%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he sa*" &%ca&e3


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Th*s s!"# 7as &*)*e" %$ % se&ece" res(%$"e$s 7h% 7ere res*"e$s %'

Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*# '%r he #ear

2101 s*$ce * *s a &%7er c&ass s!6!r6 *$ he $%rh7es (%r*%$ %' he c*# %' Ma$*&a3

Des(*e he 'ac ha * *s :$%7$ '%r 6e*$- %$e %' he (%%res a$" )%s !$"er"e+e&%(e"

"*sr*cs %' he c%!$r# a$" )a$# %' he c*#s s&!)s are '%!$" *$ h*s area3 V%er !r$%!

*s s*&& h*-h *$ h*s area3

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Th*s s!"# 7as a s*-$*'*ca$ e$"ea+%!r *$ assess*$- he (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$"

(%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' a c%))!$*# *$ he Ph*&*((*$es3 Th*s s!"# 7as "ee)e"

6e$e'*c*a& % h%se 7h% are *$ he '*e&" %' (%&**cs3 S% he# ca$ '%r)!&ae e''*c*e$ 7a#s %

reach he (e%(&e, (%ss*6 )a:*$- he -%+er$e" )%re a7are a$" (ar*c*(ae *$ he*r

&%ca& a$" $a*%$a& -%+er$)e$ a''a*rs3

Th*s s!"# 7as a&s% "ee)e" 6e$e'*c*a& % s!"e$s es(ec*a& *$ he '*e&" %'

P%&**ca& Sc*e$ce 6eca!se * *"e$*'*e" &e+e&s %' (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$ %' he F*&*(*$% (e%(&e *$ a c%))!$*#3 P%&**c*a$s 7ere c%$s*"ere" % 6e$e'*

'r%) h*s s!"# '%r he# 7%!&" 6e a6&e % :$%7 7ha he &e+e&s %' (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$

a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he c%))!$*# are3 Th*s s!"# 7as a&s% c%$s*"ere"

6e$e'*c*a& % he +%*$- (!6&*c a$" he rea"ers as h*s *"e$*'*e" he*r (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$

a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ are3 The rea"ers ca$ re&ae % h*s s!"# 6eca!se he# are (ar

%' a (%&**ca& s%c*e#3


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CHAPTER 2

RELATED LITERATURES

Th*s cha(er (rese$e" he &*era!re a$" s!"*es ha 7ere re+*e7e" 6# he researchers

7h*ch ha" s*-$*'*ca$ 6ear*$- 7*h he c%$"!ce" s!"#3

FOREIGN LITERATURE

A$"ers%$ =211@? ha" *"e$*'*e" he -r%!( ha )%s &*:e % +%e 7as %&"er, 6eer

e"!cae", a$" '*$a$c*a& 6eer %'' ha$ he a+era-e c**.e$3 I$ s%c*%&%-*ca& er)s, a-e,

*$c%)e, a$" e"!ca*%$ are he sr%$-es (re"*c%rs %' 7heher s%)e%$e 7*&& +%e3 The

h*-her a (ers%$8s s%c*a& c&ass, he h*-her he &*:e&*h%%" ha she %r she 7*&& 6e a +%er3

As a res!&, he !((er s%c*a& c&asses are 'ar )%re &*:e % +%e a$" ha+e he*r +%*ces

hear" *$ he (%&**ca& (r%cess3 I$ a""**%$, Ba&& =211@? )e$*%$e" ha he s%c*%

ec%$%)*c sr!c!re *s a$%her 'ac%r *$'&!e$ce (%&**ca& c!&!re3 A (re"%)*$a$ !r6a$,*$"!sr*a&*.e" s%c*e# *s a )%re c%)(&e9 s%c*e#, (!*$- a (re)*!) %$ ra(*"

c%))!$*ca*%$s3 E"!ca*%$a& sa$"ar"s are h*-her, *$eres -r%!(s (r%&*'erae, a$"

(!6&*c *$ he "ec*s*%$)a:*$- (r%cess *s %' $ecess*#, 7*"er3 R!ra& s%c*e*es are $%

-eare" % cha$-e a$" *$$%+a*%$, a$" saes 7*h a (re"%)*$a$ (easa$ (%(!&a*%$

e$" % 6e )%re c%$ser+a*+e3 There *s $% a&7a#s a "*rec &*$: 6e7ee$ he &e+e& %'

s%c*%ec%$%)*c "e+e&%()e$ a$" (ar*c*(a%r# &*6era& "e)%crac*es 6! $%$e he &ess

6! $%$e he &ess here are re(erc!ss*%$s %$ cera*$ (%&**ca& a*!"es a$" +a&!es3

P%&**ca& s%c*a&*.a*%$ *s $% a (r%cess c%$'*$es % he *)(ress*%$a6&e #ears %'

ch*&"h%%", 6! %$e ha %'e$ c%$*$!es hr%!-h%! a"!& &*'e3 I ha((e$s hr%!-h '%r)a&

ae)(s % *$c!&cae (%&**ca& +a&!es, as 7e&& as )%re *$'%r)a& as (e%(&e (ar*c*(ae *$

'a)*&*es, sch%%&s, c&!6s a$" he 7%r:(&ace3 Be'%re e9a)*$*$- he a-e$c*es %' he


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s%c*a&*.a*%$ (r%cess s%)e 7%r"s %' !a&*'*ca*%$ are $ee"e"3 F*rs, here are as #e

+ar*%!s c%$c&!s*%$s a6%! s%c*a&*.a*%$ a$" )%s %' hese are "*s(!e" =E!6e$ 0

Fahre$ 0?3 I eas*er %% e9a)*$e he a-e$c*es %' s%c*a&*.a*%$3 The (r*$c*(a&

"eer)*$a$s %' he "e+e&%()e$ a$" esa6&*sh)e$ %' +ar*%!s a*!"es a$" +a&!es

a6%! he (%&**ca& s#se) )a# 6e &*se" as =0? he 'a)* =2? he sch%%&s a$" %her

*$s*!*%$s %' e"!ca*%$ =J? +%&!$ar# -r%!(s, 7%r: a$" *$'%r)a& re&a*%$sh*(s =>? he

)ass )e"*a a$" =@? -%+er$)e$ a$" (ar a-e$c*es3 5e ha+e $%e" he $ecess*# %'

re)e)6er*$- he %+er&a( 6e7ee$ he) he# ca$$% 6e e9a)*$e" *$ c%)(&ee

*s%&a*%$3 M%re%+er, a&& hese 'ac%rs are a''ece", *$ +ar#*$- "e-rees, 6# %her 'ac%rs,

s!ch as s%c*a& -e%-ra(h*ca& )%6*&*#3 F%r e9a)(&e, (e%(&e )%+*$- !(7ar"s %$ he

s%c*a& c&ass &a""er e$" % ac!*re $e7 +a&!es a$" a*!"es, 7hereas h%se 7h%se

s%c*a& c&ass *s &%7er ha$ he*r (are$s are )%re &*:e % rea*$ '%r)er (%&**ca& a*!"es

Ge%-ra(h*ca& )%6*&*# has se+era& c%$se!e$ce, s!ch as he re&!ca$ce % "*sc!ss

(%&**ca& !es*%$s $%r (ar*c*(ae *$ (%&**ca& ac*+**es a'er )%+*$- *$% a $e7 "*sr*c3

Ta$se# =211>? a$s7ere" he !es*%$ as % 7h# (e%(&e *"e$*'# he)se&+es *$ "*''ere$

7a#s 6# sa#*$- * *s he (%*$ % he (%&**ca& e9(er*e$ces ha ha+e )%!&"e" he) %

he (r%cesses %' (%&**ca& s%c*a&*.a*%$3 I$ sh%r, he# ha+e &ear$ 7h% he# are3 The er)

s%c*a&*.a*%$ "%es see) (re'era6&e % he (erha(s )%re 'a)*&*ar er) e"!ca*%$

6eca!se * sresses he 6r%a"er a$" )%re *$'%r)a& *$'&!e$ces a 7%r:3

FOREIGN STUDIES

A)er*ca$ saes each ha+e *$"*+*"!a& (%&**ca& c!&!res 7h*ch are *)(%ra$ % %!r

!$"ersa$"*$- %' he*r (%&**ca& e$+*r%$)e$s, 6eha+*%r, a$" res(%$ses % (ar*c!&ar

*ss!es3 5h*&e +%ers (r%6a6 "% $% c%$sc*%!s h*$: a6%! (%&**ca& c!&!re a$"

c%$'%r) % ha c!&!re %$ E&ec*%$ Da#, he# see) % '%r) c%hes*+e c&!sers *$ "*''ere$

areas %' he sae, crea*$- s*)*&ar -r%!( (%&**ca& *"e%&%-*es3 Beca!se %' hese

s*)*&ar**es E&a.ar =0>? c%$c&!"e" ha * 7as (%ss*6&e % )eas!re he "%)*$a$

(%&**ca& c!&!re 7*h*$ saes %r areas %' a sae, -a*$*$- *$s*-h *$% he )*$"se %' sae

res*"e$s3 5hae+er he sae c!&!re, 7heher &*6era& %r c%$ser+a*+e, (ar*c*(a%r# %r

e9c&!s*+e, (%&**ca& c!&!re *"e$*'*es "%)*$a$, sae7*"e re$"s3


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Mea$7h*&e, a -e$era& (r%(%s**%$ re&a*$- s*)!&* a$" (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$

a((ears re(eae" *$ he search '*$"*$-s, 7h*ch saes ha he )%re s*)!&* a6%!

(%&**cs a (ers%$ rece*+es, he -reaer he &*:e&*h%%" he 7*&& (ar*c*(ae *$ (%&**cs, a$" he

-reaer he "e(h %' h*s (ar*c*(a*%$3 Th*s 7as he s!"# %' A&&ar" K Pes%$a$ *$ 01

A&)%$" K Ver6a *$ 0J Bere&s%$, La.ars'e&" K McPhee *$ 0@> Ca)(6e&&, *$ 02

Ca)(6e&&, G!r*$ K M*&&er, *$ 0@> 4a., *$ 0@ 4#%-%:! K I:e, *$ 0@ La.ars'e&",

Bere&s%$ K Ga!"e, Ca)(6e&&, *$ 01 L*(se, *$ 01 Mar+*c: K N*9%$, *$ 00

Pes%$e$, *$ 00 R%::a$ K Ca)(6e&&, *$ 01 =as c*e" *$ M*&6rah, 0@?3

LOCAL LITERATURE

Marce&% e a&, =211? *"e$*'*e" se+era& 'ac%rs ha c%!&" a''ec he (%&**ca&

c!&!re %' he (e%(&e3 Te)(% ce$r*s) as he $!)6er %$e 'ac%r e9(&a*$e" he

"*''ere$ces 6e7ee$ he (ers(ec*+es %' a -r%!( ha 6e&%$- % "*''ere$ -e$era*%$s3

B! 6e'%re %$e ca$ '!& !$"ersa$" he (e%(&e a$" he s#se)s, sr!c!res a$"

(r%cesses, %$e has % e9a)*$e he (%&**ca& c!&!re3 Y!%se =0? '!rher ar-!e" ha

(%&**ca& c!&!re re'erre" % a (e%(&es a*!"es a$" %r*e$a*%$s % (%&**cs3 The se %'

share" a*!"es, 6e&*e', a$" +a&!es 7*h a$ e$*re (%(!&a*%$ as 7e&& as 7*h*$ he

se(arae (ars %' he (%(!&a*%$ *s ha 7ha c%$s*!es (%&**ca& c!&!re3

LOCAL STUDIES

I$s*!e %' Ph*&*((*$e C!&!re Ae$e% "e Ma$*&a U$*+ers*# =211@? c%$"!ce" a

research !s*$- '%c!se" -r%!( "*sc!ss*%$s =FGD? as a %%& % -e % he ra7 se$*)e$s

a$" (erce(*%$s %' he s!6ecs %$ (%&**cs *$ he Ph*&*((*$es3 5ha *s 'asc*$a*$- a6%!

he (ar*c*(a$s8 a*!"e %7ar" e&ec*%$s *s ha, "es(*e *s :$%7$ '&a7s, he 7h%&e

(r%cess *s re-ar"e" as &e-**)ae3 M%s %' he) s*-$*'*e" he*r *$e$*%$ % +%e %$

e&ec*%$ "a#, 01 Ma# 211>3 The# c%$s*"er cas*$- %$e8s 6a&&% as a$ %6&*-a*%$, a$" a&s%

as a r*-h, e+e$ *' 6# Ph*&*((*$e &a7 * *s, sr*c s(ea:*$-, $% )a$"a%r#3 Th*s se$se %'

"!# *s (er+as*+e *$ he*r res(%$ses3

T% +%e *$ a$ e&ec*%$ *s see$ as a$ a''*r)a*%$ %' (ar*%*s) a$" *s ass%c*ae" 7*h

a $%*%$ %' c**.e$sh*( *$ a ;c*+*&*.e"< h!)a$ (%&*#3 S%)e (ar*c*(a$s 6e&*e+e ha each


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+%e ca$ )a:e a "*''ere$ce, he$ce, +%*$- sh%!&" 6e a:e$ ser*%!s I 7%!&" 6e

*$eres*$- % '*$" %! % 7ha e9e$ h*s se$se %' "!#, (ar*%*s), a$" c*+*c (ar*c*(a*%$

*s (rese$ a)%$- he h*-h e"!cae" )*""&e a$" !((er c&asses 7he$ he# cas he*r

6a&&%s3

RELEVANCE TO THE STUDY

The '%re*-$ a$" &%ca& &*era!re a$" s!"*es 7r*e$ a$" c%$"!ce" 6# s%)e

(ers%$s %' a!h%r*# *$ he '*e&" %' (%&**ca& sc*e$ce ha" a +er# s*-$*'*ca$ 6ear*$- *$ h*s

s!"# 6eca!se * rea& s!((%re" he researchers8 *$+es*-a*%$ 7*h re-ar"s % he

re&a*%$sh*( 6e7ee$ he s%c*%ec%$%)*c sa!s s(ec*'*ca& s%c*a& c&ass, (%&**ca&

%r*e$a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he (e%(&e3 These 7ere a&& *)(%ra$ s*$ce e+er#

&*era!re a$" s!"*es 7ere he 6as*s %r he c%re '%!$"a*%$ %' he %(*cs a ha$"3 The

rea"*$- )aer*a&s ha he researchers !se" *$ he s!"# c%$r*6!e" % he '*$a&

assess)e$ %' he %(*c a ha$"3


11/39


12/39

The researchers ha" "eer)*$e" he $!)6er %' re-*sere" +%ers %' Bara$-a#

G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*# ha+*$- a $!)6er %'

se+e$ h!$"re" '%r#%$e =>0?3 Ta:*$- *$ % c%$s*"era*%$ he r!&e %' h!)6 ha e$

=01? (erce$ *s a +a&*" sa)(&e '%r a s!"#, he researchers ch%%se se+e$#'*+e =@?

res(%$"e$s 7h*ch *s )%re ha$ e$ =01? (erce$3 I$ he '%r)a& (hase, he *$sr!)e$s

ha 7ere !se" *$ h*s s!"# 7ere 7r*e$ *$ acc%r"a$ce % he c%!$r#8s $a*+e %$-!e

F*&*(*$%3 Be'%re he s!r+e# !es*%$$a*res 7ere -*+e$, he researchers as:e" *' he#

7ere &e-**)ae res*"e$s %' he sa*" &%ca*%$3

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

I$ %r"er % -aher he $ee"e" "aa, !es*%$$a*res 7ere !se" *$ he s!"#3 The

*$sr!)e$ *$c&!"e" hree (ars3 Par I 7as he -e$erae" "e)%-ra(h*c (r%'*&e %' he

res(%$"e$s3 Th*s *$c&!"e" he*r $a)e =%(*%$a&?, se9, a-e, e"!ca*%$a& aa*$)e$,

%cc!(a*%$ a$" *$c%)e3 Par II *"e$*'*e" he (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s3 I$

(ar III a$" IV * *"e$*'*e" he (%&**ca& %r*e$a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s, *$ 7h*ch !es*%$s

7ere a$s7era6&e 6# Tr!e %r Fa&se =Ta)a % Ma&*? a$" )!&*(&e ch%*ce 6ase" %$ he*r

:$%7&e"-e3

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The s!r+e#s 7ere c%$"!ce" %$ Se(e)6er % Oc%6er 2100 (r*%r % he s!r+e#

(r%(er, he researchers 7e$ % he Bara$-a# Ca(a*$ % sec!re a &eer (er)**$- he)

% "*sr*6!e a$" c%$"!c a s!r+e# 7*h*$ he +*c*$*#3

The researchers -a+e he res(%$"e$s s!''*c*e$ *)e % 'a)*&*ar*.e he)se&+es

7*h he c%$e$ %' he !es*%$$a*res3


13/39

STATISICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

T% a$s7er he '*rs research %6ec*+e, he s%c*%ec%$%)*c (r%'*&e %' he

res(%$"e$s 7as c%)(!e" 6# "eer)*$*$- he (erce$a-e %' each (r%'*&e3 The &e+e&s

(%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& %r*e$a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere he$ a:e$ *$%

acc%!$3

Th*s s!"# !se" he Sa*s*cs Vers*%$ % c%)(!e a&& res!&s *$ h*s research3

F*$a&, 6e&%7 are he '%r)!&a ha 7as !se" *$ h*s s!"#3

Perce$*&e =%r (erce$a-e?

100% xn

f =

5here *s he %6a*$e" (erce$a-e rae

' *s he 're!e$c#

$ *s he %a& $!)6er %' res(%$"e$s

The h*-h, a+era-e %r &%7 &e+e&s 7ere "eer)*$e" !s*$- he r!&e %' h!)6 a

s*)(&e )a%r*#, 7h*ch *s '*'# (erce$ =@1? (&!s %$e3


14/39

CHAPTER >

PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Th*s cha(er a$s7ere" he !er# ha 7as (rese$e" *$ he sae)e$ %' he

(r%6&e) %' he s!"# *$ Cha(er 03 The "ea*&s (rese$e" here 7ere se!e$*a& a$"

&%-*ca& arra$-e" *$ %r"er % ha+e a 7e&&sr!c!re" (rese$a*%$, *$er(rea*%$ a$"

a$as*s %' "aa ha 7ere -ahere" 6# he researchers3

O+er+*e7 Descr*(*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s

Th*s s!"# %%: *$% c%$s*"era*%$ he (r%'*&e %' he res(%$"e$s % se he

'%!$"a*%$ ha 7as !se" '%r he c%)(ar*s%$ %r c%rre&a*%$3 The "aa -ahere" (r%+*"e"

he -e$"er, a-e, e"!ca*%$a& aa*$)e$, %cc!(a*%$, a$" *$c%)e %' he res(%$"e$s3

De)%-ra(h*cs

Ta6&e 0

D*sr*6!*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s 6# A-e

A-e F Ra$:

022 J @2 02J2 0@ 21 22J2 >JJJ > @ @J a$" a6%+e 01 0J JT%a& @ 011

Ta6&e 0 re'&ece" ha he )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere *$ he*r a"!&h%%"

sa-e %' 0 % 22 #ears %&" ='J, @2?3 Th*s 7as sec%$"e" 6# h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s

6e7ee$ 2J a$" 2 #ears %&" ='0@, 21?3 Th*r" *$ he ra$: 7as h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s

6e7ee$ J #ears %&" a$" a6%+e ='01, 0J?3 F%!rh 7as h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s

6e7ee$ 2 a$" J2 #ears %&" =', ?3 F*$a&, &eas 'a&&s %$ he a-e 6rac:e %' JJ %

J #ears %&"3 ='>, @?3


15/39

Th*s "aa )ea$ ha )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 6e&%$-e" % he a-e 6rac:e %'

02J ha+*$- a $!)6er %' >J res(%$"e$s3 Th*s %$ (era*$e" ha he res(%$"e$s

7ere a&rea"# *$ he*r (r%(er a-e s*$ce he# 7ere *$ he*r (er*%" %' (s#ch%&%-*ca& )a!r*#

he# 7ere a6&e % -*+e he*r res(ec*+e "e-ree %' (%&**ca& %r*e$a*%$ a$" (%&**ca&

(ar*c*(a*%$ %7ar" he*r c%))!$*#3

Ta6&e 2

D*sr*6!*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s 6# Ge$"er

Ge$"er F Ra$:

Ma&e J2 >J 2Fe)a&e >J @ 0T%a& @ 011

Ta6&e 2 re'&ece" ha here 7ere )%re 'e)a&e =$>J, @? ha$ )a&e =$J2,

>J? 7h% (ar*c*(ae" *$ h*s s!"#, h!s, )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% are 'e)a&e

e$" % (ar*c*(ae *$ assess*$- he (%&**ca& c!&!re %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he

sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#3 Th*s "aa 7ere re'&ec*+e %' he 'ac ha

'e)a&es 7ere )%re ac*+e ha$ )a&es *$ )aers *$+%&+*$- he*r c%))!$*#3

Ta6&e J

D*sr*6!*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s 6# E"!ca*%$a& Aa*$)e$

E"!ca*%$ F Ra$:

C%&&e-e -ra"!ae 0 2@ JC%&&e-e !$"er-ra"!ae 2 J 0H*-h sch%%& -ra"!ae 2 J@ 2E&e)e$ar# J > >T%a& @ 011

The a6&e a6%+e re+ea&e" ha )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere c%&&e-e

!$"er-ra"!ae ='2, J? 7hereas 2 =J@? 7ere h*-h sch%%& -ra"!aes3 There

7ere 0 =2@? res(%$"e$s 7h% 7ere c%&&e-e -ra"!aes3 Fe7 ha" e&e)e$ar#

e"!ca*%$ ='J, >?3

Th*s "aa )ea$ ha )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere c%&&e-e !$"er-ra"!aes

='2, J?3 Th*s %$ (era*$e" % he*r s%c*a& c&ass a$" %$ h%7 he# c%!&" $% a''%r"

a h*-her e"!ca*%$ a$" % he 'ac ha he# "*" $% see he *)(%ra$ce %' ha+*$- s!ch3


16/39

Ta6&e >3

D*sr*6!*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s 6# Occ!(a*%$

N!)6er %' ch*&"re$ F Ra$:

Se&'e)(&%#e" 22 2 2

E)(&%#e" *$ G%+er$)e$ 00 JE)(&%#e" *$ Pr*+ae 00 JU$e)(&%#e" J1 >1 0Ohers >T%a& @ 011

Ta6&e > sh%7e" he (erce$a-e a$" 're!e$c# %' he res(%$"e$s8 %cc!(a*%$3

Ma%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere !$e)(&%#e" ='J1, >1?3 Th*s 7as sec%$"e" 6#

h%se 7h% 7ere se&'e)(&%#e" ='22, 2?3 Th*r" *$ he ra$: 7ere h%se 7h% 7ere

7%r:*$- *$ -%+er$)e$ %''*ces a$" (r*+ae sec%rs =', 00?3 F*$a&, 'e7 7ere

7%r:*$- *$ %her #(es %' %6 =', ?3 Th*s "aa )ea$ ha )a%r*# %' he

res(%$"e$s 7ere !$e)(&%#e" ='J1, >1?3 Th*s ca$ 6e ar*6!e" % he*r s%c*a& c&ass

s*$ce he# c%!&" $% a''%r" a h*-her e"!ca*%$ he# c%!&" $% -e a$# "ece$ %6 s% he#

!s (re'erre" % sa# a h%)e3

Ta6&e @3

D*sr*6!*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s 6# M%$h I$c%)e Per H%!seh%&"

M%$h I$c%)e =Ph(? F Ra$:0@,110 a$" a6%+e 02 >01,1100@,111 0J 0 J@,11001,111 J > 0@,111 a$" 6e&%7 0 2J 2T%a& @ 011

Ta6&e @ re'&ece" he *$c%)e 6rac:e %' he res(%$"e$s3 The res(%$"e$s

)%s ear$e" 6e7ee$ '*+e h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s % e$ h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(

@,11001,111? ='J, >?3 Th*s 7as '%&&%7e" 6# h%se res(%$"e$s 7h% ear$e" '*+e

h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(@,110? a$" 6e&%7 ='0, 2J?3 Ne9 7as h%se 7h% ear$e" e$

h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s % '*'ee$ h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(01,1100@,111? ='0J, 0?3

Leas a)%$- he -r%!( 7ere h%se ear$*$- '*'ee$ h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s

=Ph(0@,110? a$" a6%+e =', 02?3 Th*s "aa )ea$ ha he res(%$"e$s 6e&%$-e" %

he &%7er c&ass *$ he s%c*e# s*$ce he*r )%$h *$c%)e *s '*+e h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s


17/39

% e$ h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(@,11001,111?3 Th*s *s "!e % he 'ac ha )a$# %' he) "*"

$% -e % '*$*sh he*r e"!ca*%$ a$" s% 6eca!se %' ha )a$# %' he) 7ere !$e)(&%#e"3

The researchers %%: *$% c%$s*"era*%$ he )*$*)!) 7a-e '%!r h!$"re" '%!r (es%s

=Ph(>1>?3

Ta6&e

The Le+e& %' P%&**ca& Or*e$a*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s

=? =? T%a&

@ >2 011

Ta6&e re'&ece" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& %r*e$a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s3 There 7ere

'*'# e*-h (erce$ =@? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% 7ere a6&e % a$s7er c%rrec he

!es*%$s %$ -%+er$)e$ s#se) a$" c!rre$ e+e$s *$ he (%&**ca& are$a 7h*&e here

7ere '%r# 7% (erce$ =>2? 7h% 'a*&e" % "% s%3

The "aa )ea$ ha he res(%$"e$s 7ere 7e&& %r*e$e" %$ Ph*&*((*$e

-%+er$)e$ s#se) a$" c!rre$ e+e$s *$ he (%&**ca& are$a3


18/39

Ta6&e

Res(%$"e$s8 Res(%$ses % he Q!es*%$s Re'err*$- % he G%+er$)e$ S#se)

Q!es*%$s %$ G%+er$)e$ S#se)

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A$- (res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as a# )aar*$- )aa$--a& sa (araa$ $-(e%(&e (%7er3

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A$- s!(re)e c%!r a# 6*$!6!% $- *sa$- Ch*e' !s*ce a &a6*$-&*)a$- =0@? ass%c*ae !s*ces3

J0 >> >0

A$- H%!se %' Re(rese$a*+es a$- $a)a)aha&a sa &aha $-*)(each)e$ cases3

@@ 21 J

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@> 20 2

Para sa S4 % Sa$--!$*a$- 4a6aaa$, a$- )aar* &a$- 6!)%%sa:a$*&a a# a$- )-a )a# e"a" $a 0@20 #ears %&"3

>2 2J @

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a3 0 #ears %&"

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19/39

)a&*6a$ sa *sa

a3 Reh*sra"%$- 6%a$e

63 a &eas @1 #ears %' a-e sa ara7 $- e&e:s#%$

c3 )ar!$%$- )a-6asa, a )a-s!&a

"3 res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as $- h*$"* 6a6a $- sa)(!$- a%$

A$- h%!se %' re(rese$a*+es a# 6*$!6!% $-

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Ta6&e re+ea&e" he "ea*&e" 're!e$c# a$" (erce$a-e %' he res(%$"e$s8

res(%$ses % !es*%$s a6%! he Ph*&*((*$e -%+er$)e$ s#se)3 I 7as sh%7$ *$ he

a6&e he $!)6er %' res(%$"e$s 7h% a$s7ere" c%rrec a$" *$c%rrec '%r each

!es*%$s3 F%r he '*rs !es*%$ a6%! he er) %' %''*ce %' he (res*"e$, J

res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % -e he c%rrec a$s7er 7h*&e 2 %' he) -% he 7r%$- %$e3 The

sec%$" !es*%$ 7h*ch re'erre" % (e%(&e (%7er as a 7a# %' re)%+*$- he (res*"e$

'r%) %''*ce, res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % -e * r*-h 7h*&e here 7ere res(%$"e$s 7h%

"*" $%3 The h*r" !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he se$a%rs %$ 6e*$- *)(eache", 22

res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % a$s7er * c%rrec 7h*&e @J res(%$"e$s -% * 7r%$-3 The

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a$s7ere" ha * 7as $% he '*'h c%$s*!*%$ a$" 0 res(%$"e$s 'a*&e" % a$s7er

c%rrec The '*'h !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he c%)(%s**%$ %' he !s*ces *$ he

S!(re)e C%!r, J0 res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % *"e$*'# ha he sae)e$ 7as 'a&se a$">> res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" *$c%rrec The s*9h !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he H%!se %'

Re(rese$a*+es 6e*$- *$ char-e" 7*h a&& he *)(each)e$ cases, @@ %' he

res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" c%rrec 7h*&e 21 res(%$"e$s 'a*&e" % a$s7er c%rrec The

se+e$h !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he er) %' %''*ce %' a 6ara$-a# c%!$c*&&%r, J

res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" c%rrec 7h*&e J %' he) "*" $% -e he c%rrec %$e3 The e*-h


20/39

!es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! (r*s%$ers 6e*$- a6&e % +%e "!r*$- e&ec*%$s, @> res(%$"e$s

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21/39

Ta6&e

Res(%$"e$s8 Res(%$ses % he Q!es*%$s Re'err*$- % he C!rre$ E+e$s

Q!es*%$s C!rre$ E+e$s

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22/39

A c3 A6%r*%$

"3 Ma6*sa$- hea&h care ser+*ces

Ta6&e re+ea&e" he "ea*&e" 're!e$c# a$" (erce$a-e %' he res(%$"e$s8

res(%$ses % !es*%$s a6%! he c!rre$ e+e$s *$ he (%&**ca& are$a %' he Ph*&*((*$es3

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res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % -e he c%rrec a$s7er 7h*&e 0 %' he) -% he 7r%$- %$e3

The sec%$" !es*%$ 7h*ch re'erre" % he "ae %' (e%(&e (%7er, @2 res(%$"e$s 7ere

a6&e % -e * r*-h 7h*&e here 7ere 2J res(%$"e$s 7h% "*" $%3 The h*r" !es*%$

7h*ch 7as a6%! %se C3 De Ve$ec*a, r3 6e*$- he s(ea:er %' he h%!se '%r he sec%$"

*)e, J res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % a$s7er * c%rrec 7h*&e J res(%$"e$s -% * 7r%$-3

The '%!rh !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he c!rre$ Ch*e' !s*ce %' he Ph*&*((*$es, here

7ere @ res(%$"e$s 7h% a$s7ere" c%rrec 7h*ch *s &eer a3 Re$a% C%r%$a a$" 01

res(%$"e$s 'a*&e" % a$s7er c%rrec The '*'h !es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he

*$c!)6e$ s(ea:er %' he h%!se, @J res(%$"e$s 7ere a6&e % a$s7er c%rrec 7h*ch *s

&eer a3 Fe&*c*a$% R3 Be&)%$e, r3 a$" 22 res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" *$c%rrec The s*9h!es*%$ 7h*ch 7as a6%! he *$c!)6e$ se$ae (res*"e$ %' he Ph*&*((*$es, J %' he

res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" c%rrec 7h*ch *s &eer 63 !a$ P%$ce E$r*&e 7h*&e 02

res(%$"e$s 'a*&e" % a$s7er c%rrec The se+e$h !es*%$ as:e" 7h*ch 7as $% he

sc%(e %' he Re(r%"!c*+e Hea&h B*&&, @@ res(%$"e$s a$s7ere" c%rrec 7h*ch *s &eer

c3 A6%r*%$ 7h*&e 21 %' he) "*" $% -e he c%rrec %$e3

I ca$ 6e "ee)e" *$ he a6&e ha )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s 7ere

:$%7&e"-ea6&e 7*h he c!rre$ e+e$ *$ he (%&**ca& are$a %' he Ph*&*((*$es3


23/39

Ta6&e

The Le+e& %' P%&**ca& Par*c*(a*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s

D*" $% +%e =? V%e" *$ Bara$-a#E&ec*%$s =?

V%e" *$ Na*%$a&E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

J2 J 2 011

Ta6&e sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s3 Th*r# 7%

(erce$ =J2? %' he res(%$"e$s "*" $% +%e, h*r#$*$e (erce$ =J? %' he

res(%$"e$s +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere 7e$#$*$e (erce$

=2? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

I ca$ 6e "ee)e" 'r%) he a6&e a6%+e )%s %' he res(%$"e$s (re'er % +%e

"!r*$- he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s3 As %$e %' he res!&s %' he s!"# c%$"!ce" 6# he

ADMUIPC =211@? (ar*c*(a$s rec:%$ &%ca& e&ec*%$s as (r%"!c*$- re&*a6&e res!&s, 6!

e9(ress "%!6 %$ he cre"*6*&*# %' e&ec*%$ re!r$s a he $a*%$a& &e+e&, 7here he

e&ec%ra& (%ss are h*-h c%$ese" a$" )ass*+e chea*$- *s (re+a&e$3 Th!s, he#

(re'er +%*$- )%re %$ &%ca& e&ec*%$s ha$ a he $a*%$a& &e+e&3

Ta6&e 01

Le+e& %' P%&**ca& Par*c*(a*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s *' Gr%!(e" 6# A-e

D*" $% +%e=?

V%e" *$ Bara$-a#E&ec*%$s =?

V%e" *$ Na*%$a&E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

022 J0 J J1 011

2J2 22 >> J> 011

2J2 J J@ >1 011

JJJ @@ 01 J@ 011

J a$" a6%+e >1 J1 J1 011

Ta6&e 01 sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s *' -r%!(e"

6# -e$"er3 F%r he h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ e*-hee$ % 7e$#7% #ears %&" =0

22?, h*r#%$e (erce$ "*" $% +%e =J0?, h*r#$*$e (erce$ =J? %' he) +%e" *$ he

6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere h*r# (erce$ =J1? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e"

*$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ 7e$#hree a$" 7e$#

se+e$ #ears %&" =2J2? here 7ere 7e$#7% (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =22?, '%r#


24/39

'%!r (erce$ =>>? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere h*r#'%!r

(erce$ =J>? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h%se

'a&&s 6e7ee$ 7e$# e*-h a$" h*r#7% #ears %&" =2J2?, here 7ere h*r#e*-h

(erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =J?, h*r#'*+e (erce$ =J@? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a#

e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere '%r# (erce$ =>1? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he

$a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ h*r#hree % h*r#se+e$ #ears

%&" =JJJ? here 7ere '*'#'*+e (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =@@?, e$ (erce$ =01? %'

he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere h*r#'*+e (erce$ =J@? %' he

res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s 3 F%r h%se 7h%se a-e 'a&&s %$ h*r#

e*-h =J? a$" a6%+e 7*h s*9#%$e (erce$a-e =0? here 7ere '%r# (erce$ 7h% "*"

$% +%e =>1?, h*r# (erce$ =J1? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here

7ere h*r# (erce$ =J1? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s 3


25/39

Ta6&e 00

Le+e& %' P%&**ca& Par*c*(a*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s *' Gr%!(e" 6# Ge$"er

D*" $% +%e=?

V%e" *$Bara$-a#

E&ec*%$s =?

V%e" *$Na*%$a&

E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

Ma&e 0 J >@ 011

Fe)a&e @1 J1 21 011

Ta6&e 00 sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s *' -r%!(e"

6# -e$"er3 F%r he )a&e res(%$"e$s here 7ere $*$eee$ (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e

=0?, h*r#s*9 (erce$ =J? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere

'%r#'*+e (erce$ =>@? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r

he 'e)a&e res(%$"e$s here 7ere '*'# (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =@1?, h*r# (erce$=J1? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere 7e$# (erce$ =21? %'

he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

I *s e+*"e$ 'r%) he a6&e a6%+e 7ha ADMUIPC =211@? ha" '%!$" %! *$ he*r

s!"# ha )a&e (ar*c*(a$s acc%r" -reaer *)(%ra$ce % $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s ha$ &%ca&

a$" 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s, s*$ce he*r res!&s a''ec he 7h%&e c%!$r#3 I$ c%$ras, 'e)a&e

(ar*c*(a$s c%$s*"er 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s as he )%s cr!c*a& 6eca!se %' he*r "*rec a$"

eas* 'e& *)(ac3

Ta6&e 02

Le+e& %' P%&**ca& Par*c*(a*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s *' Gr%!(e" 6# E"!ca*%$a& Aa*$)e$

D*" $% +%e=?


V%e" *$ Na*%$a&E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

E&e)e$ar# >1 >@ 0@ 011

H*-h Sch%%& >2 J 20 011

C%&&e-e

U$"er-ra"!ae

2 >1 J2 011

C%&&e-e Gra"!ae 0 >J >0 011

Ta6&e 02 sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s *' -r%!(e"

6# e"!ca*%$a& aa*$)e$3 F%r h%se 7h% aa*$e" e&e)e$ar# e"!ca*%$, here 7ere

'%r# (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =>1?, '%r#'*+e (erce$ =>@? %' he) +%e" *$ he


26/39

6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere '*'ee$ (erce$ =0@? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e"

*$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r h%se 7h% aa*$e" H*-h Sch%%& e"!ca*%$, here 7ere

'%r#7% (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =>2?, h*r#se+e$ (erce$ =J? %' he) +%e" *$

he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere 7e$#%$e (erce$ =20? %' he res(%$"e$s

7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h% 7ere c%&&e-e !$"er-ra"!aes here

7ere 7e$#e*-h (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =2?, '%r# (erce$ =>1? %' he) +%e" *$

he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere h*r#7% (erce$ =J2? %' he res(%$"e$s

7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r h%se 7h% 7ere c%&&e-e -ra"!aes, here

7ere s*9ee$ (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =0?, '%r#hree (erce$ =>J? %' he) +%e" *$

he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere '%r#%$e (erce$ =>0? %' he res(%$"e$s

7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

!s &*:e 7*h (%&**ca& %r*e$a*%$, he a6&e a6%+e c&ear )a$*'ese" 7ha

5%sh*$s:# =0@? sae" ha $% )aer 7ha he se*$-, he )a%r #ears %' '%r)a&

sch%%&*$- (e%(&e ha+e, he )%re &*:e * *s ha he# 7*&& !$"ersa$" (%&**cs a$" 6e

*$+%&+e" *$ *s ac*+**es, es(ec*a& +%*$-3

Ta6&e 0J

Le+e& %' P%&**ca& C%%(era*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s *' Gr%!(e" 6# Occ!(a*%$

D*" $% +%e=?


V%e" *$ Na*%$a&E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

Se&'e)(&%#e" 2 >0 J1 011

E)(&%#e" *$G%+er$)e$

01 > >> 011

E)(&%#e" *$Pr*+ae

01 > >> 011

U$e)(&%#e" J2 J 2 011

Ohers > >@ 011

Ta6&e 0J sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s *' -r%!(e"

6# %cc!(a*%$3 F%r h%se 7h% 7ere se&'e)(&%#e", here 7ere 7e$#$*$ce (erce$ 7h%

"*" $% +%e =2?, '%r#%$e (erce$ =>0? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s

7h*&e here 7ere h*r# (erce$ =J1? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a&

e&ec*%$s3 As '%r h%se 7h% 7ere e)(&%#e" *$ -%+er$)e$, here 7ere e$ (erce$ 7h%


27/39

"*" $% +%e =01?, '%r#se+e$ (erce$ =>? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s

7h*&e here 7ere '%r#'%!r (erce$ =>>? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a&

e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h% 7ere e)(&%#e" *$ he (r*+ae sec%r, here 7ere e$ (erce$

7h% "*" $% +%e =01?, '%r#se+e$ (erce$ =>? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a#

e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere '%r#'%!r (erce$ =>>? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he

$a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r h%se 7h% 7ere !$e)(&%#e", here 7ere h*r#7% (erce$

7h% "*" $% +%e =J2?, hree$*$e (erce$ =J? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a#

e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere 7e$#$*$e (erce$ =2? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$

he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 A$" '%r h%se 7h% 7ere e)(&%#e" !$"er he %hers cae-%r#,

here 7ere e*-h (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =?, '%r#se+e$ (erce$ =>? %' he)

+%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere '%r#'*+e (erce$ =>@? %' he

res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

The a6&e a6%+e c&ear sh%7e" 7ha 5%sh*$s:# =0@? )ea$ 7he$ he 7r%e

ha !$s:*&&e" 7%r:ers are &ess &*:e ha$ are 6!s*$ess e9ec!*+es % rea" a6%! (%&**cs,

a&: a6%! (%&**cs, +%e, %r r!$ '%r %''*ce3 Pr%'ess*%$a&s 7*&& 6e )%re ac*+e ha$ (e%(&e

%$ 7e&'are3

Ta6&e 0>

Le+e& %' P%&**ca& C%%(era*%$ %' he Res(%$"e$s *' Gr%!(e" 6# I$c%)eD*" $% +%e=?


V%e" *$ Na*%$a&E&ec*%$s =?

T%a&

0@,110 a$" a6%+e >@ J@ 21 011

01,1100@,111 0@ > J 011

@,11001,11 J1 J J0 011

@,111 a$" 6e&%7 J 0 011

Ta6&e 0> sh%7e" he &e+e& %' (%&**ca& (ar*c*(a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s *' -r%!(e"

6# *$c%)e3 F%r h%se 7h% ear$e" '*'ee$ h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s =Ph(0@,110? a$"

a6%+e here 7ere '%r#'*+e (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =>@?, h*r#'*+e (erce$ =J@? %'

he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere 7e$# (erce$ =21? %' he

res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r h%se 7h% ear$e" e$ h%!sa$"

a$" %$e (es%s % '*'ee$ h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(01,1100@,111?, here 7ere '*'ee$


28/39

(erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =0@?, '%r#s*9 (erce$ =>? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a#

e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere h*r#$*$e (erce$ =J? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he

$a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 F%r h%se 7h% ear$e" 6e7ee$ '*+e h%!sa$" a$" %$e (es%s % e$

h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(@,11001,111?, here 7ere h*r# (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =J1?,

h*r#$*$e (erce$ =J? %' he) +%e" *$ he 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere

h*r#%$e (erce$ =J0? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$ he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3 As '%r

h%se 7h% ear$e" '*+e h%!sa$" (es%s =Ph(@,110? a$" 6e&%7 , here 7ere se+e$#

hree (erce$ 7h% "*" $% +%e =J?, e*-hee$ (erce$ =0? %' he) +%e" *$ he

6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s 7h*&e here 7ere $*$e (erce$ =? %' he res(%$"e$s 7h% +%e" *$

he $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

Ehr*"-e =211>? c%$c&!"e" ha h%se 7h% are ear$*$- )%re are )%re &*:e ha$

he (%%r % 6e &*erae a$" % rea" $e7s(a(er a$" 6%%:s3 These ac*+**es a$"

ass%c*a*%$s he&( he) "e+e&%( a sr%$- *$eres *$ (%&**cs3 The# +%e )%re 6eca!se

he# are )%re *$+%&+e" a$" )%re *$'%r)e", a$" 6eca!se he# are )%re &*:e ha$ he

(%%r % ha+e "e+e&%(e" a se$se %' (%&**ca& e''*cac#3


29/39

CHAPTER @

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Th*s cha(er (rese$e" he s!))ar#, c%$c&!s*%$s a$" rec%))e$"a*%$s "er*+e"

'r%) he "aa "*sc!sse" *$ he (rece"*$- cha(ers3

Th*s s!"# 7as c%$"!ce" '%r he (!r(%se %' *"e$*'#*$- he &e+e& %' (%&**ca&

ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ %' he c%))!$*# Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he

sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#3 The "escr*(*+e )eh%" %' research 7as

!*&*.e" *$ %r"er % -aher he $ee"e" "aa3 5h*&e he !es*%$$a*re ser+e" as he

*$sr!)e$ '%r c%&&ec*$- he "aa3 The *$!*r# 7as c%$"!ce" "!r*$- he sch%%& #ear

21003

The '%&&%7*$- 7ere he '*$"*$-s %' he s!"# acc%r"*$- % he se!e$ce %' he

(rese$a*%$ %' he s(ec*'*c !es*%$s *$ cha(er 03

03 5ha *s he s%c*%ec%$%)*c (r%'*&e %' he res(%$"e$s *$ er)s %'

a3 A-e

63 Ge$"er

c3 E"!ca*%$a& Aa*$)e$

"3 Occ!(a*%$

e3 I$c%)e

Acc%r"*$- % he "aa -ahere" 6# he researchers, )a%r*# %' he res(%$"e$s

'a&&s 6e7ee$ he a-es 0 % 22 #ears %&" ='J, @2?3 Th*s 7as sec%$"e" 6# h%se

7h%se a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ 2J a$" 2 #ears %&" ='0@, 21?3 Th*r" *$ he ra$: 7as h%se

7h%se a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ J #ears %&" a$" a6%+e ='01, 0J?3 F%!rh *s h%se 7h%se

a-e 'a&&s 6e7ee$ 2 a$" J2 #ears %&" =', ?3 F*$a&, &eas 'a&&s %$ he a-e 6rac:e

%' JJ % J #ears %&"3 ='>, @?3 As '%r he -e$"er, here 7ere )%re 'e)a&e =$>J,

@? ha$ )a&e =$J2, >J? res(%$"e$s 7h% (ar*c*(ae" *$ h*s s!"#3 As '%r he


30/39


31/39

CONCLUSIONS

Base" %$ he '%re-%*$- '*$"*$-s, he '%&&%7*$- c%$c&!s*%$s 7ere "ra7$

03 The res(%$"e$s %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches

Q!e.%$ C*# 7ere 7e&& ass*)*&ae" 7*h he -%+er$)e$ s#se) a$" c!rre$

e+e$s *$ he (%&**ca& are$a %' he Ph*&*((*$es3

23 M%s %' he res(%$"e$s %$ +%e" "!r*$- 6ara$-a# e&ec*%$s a$" he*r (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$ 7as *$c%$s*se$ s*$ce $% a&& %' he) +%e" "!r*$- he $a*%$a&

e&ec*%$s3

J3 The (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ %' he res(%$"e$s "%es $% "*cae he*r (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$3 E+e$ *' he# 7ere 7e&& %r*e$e" 7*h he -%+er$)e$ s#se) a$"

c!rre$ e+e$s he# s*&& 'a*&e" *$ ha+*$- a c%$s*se$ (aer$ %' +%*$-3

RECOMMENDATIONS

The researchers ha" '%r)!&ae" he '%&&%7*$- s!--es*%$s *$ %r"er % ha+e a

6eer !$"ersa$"*$- %' (%&**ca& c!&!re3

03 S!"# %' (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$ a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ )!s 6e )a"e *$ a &ar-er sca&e % !$"ersa$" )%re '!& h%7 he c**.e$s (erce*+e" he*r -%+er$)e$ a$"

he c%!$r#8s (%&**cs3

23 Th*s sh%!&" 6e rea" 6# he res*"e$s %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$"

"*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*# % !$"ersa$" 7ha he*r (%&**ca& ass*)*&a*%$

a$" (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ 7ere3

J3 I *s rec%))e$"e" ha a s!"# 7*h re-ar"s %$ he 'ac%rs %$ 7h# he

ass*)*&a*%$ *$ a c%))!$*# *s h*-h 6! he (%&**ca& c%%(era*%$ *s &%73 A&s%,

a$%her s!"# )!s 6e )a"e '%c!s*$- %$ he re&a*%$sh*( %' he (%&**ca&

c%%(era*%$ *$ he &%ca& a$" $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s3

>3 I *s '!rher rec%))e$"e" ha a '%&&%7!( s!"# %' h*s research 6e c%$"!ce" %$


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a -reaer research (%(!&a*%$ 7*h -reaer +ar*a*%$ *$ %r"er % +a&*"ae he res!&

%' h*s s!"#3 The res!& ca$ 6e c%)(are" % he *$'%r)a*%$ -e$erae" 6# h*s

s!"#3


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REFERENCES

A&)%$", G3 K P%7e&& G3 B3 r3 =0?3 Comparative Politics: a Developmental Apporach3 T%r%$% L*&e Br%7$ K C%)(a$#3

A&)%$", G3 K Ver6a, S3 =0J?3 The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy inFive Nations. Pr*$ce%$ U$*+ers*# Press3

A&)%$", G3 K Ver6a, S3 =01?3 The Civic Culture Revisited 3 T%r%$% L*&e Br%7$ KC%)(a$#3

A$"ers%$, M3 K Ta#&%r, H =211@?3 Sociology: The Essentials. 5a"s7%rh Th%)asLear$*$- Aca"e)*c Res%!rce Ce$er

A$s%&a6ehere, S3 K I#e$-ar, S3 =0@?3 oing negative! ho" attac# ads shrin# a$" polari$e the electorate. Ne7 Y%r: S*)%$ a$" Sch!$er I$c,

Ba&&, A3 R3, K Peers, B3 G3 =211@?3 %odern Politics and overnment: Seventh E"**%$&European 'nion( =h e"3?3 Ne7 Y%r: Pa&-ra+e

Bara$, S3 3, K Da+*s, D3 43 =0?3 %ass Communication Theory: Foundations!Fer)e$! and Future &) nd ed.(. Be&)%$ 5a"s7%rh P!6 C%3

Bere&s%$ B3, La.ars'e&" P3 F3 K McPhee 53 N3 =0@@? *oting: A Study o+ ,pinionFormation in a Presidential Campaign. The %!r$a& %' P%&**cs, 0, >@>3

Ca&"er%$, 3 =0J?3 %ethods o+ Research and Thesis -riting. Ph*&*((*$es Na*%$a&B%%:s%re3

Ca)(6e&&, 43K a)*es%$, 43H =0?3 The nterplay o+ n+luence: Ne"s! A"+er*s*$-!Politics! and the %ass %edia! Fourth Edition. USA 5a"s7%rh P!6&*sh*$-C%)(a$#3

Cha)6ers, e3 A& =2111?3 Deli/eration! democracy and the media. O9'%r" R%7$a$ a$"L*&e'*e&" P!6&*shers I$c3

C%r%$e&, S3 =0? The %edia as 0ingmaster: The Philippine media in the 12234s.Ph*&*((*$e Ce$er '%r I$+es*-a*%$ %!r$a&*s)3

E&-*e, e3 a& =2111? French politics: De/ates and Controversies. L%$"%$ R%!&e"-e3

Ehr*"-e, M3 =211>? Politics in a changing "orld. Ca&*'%r$*a 5a"s7%rhTh%)s%$

&ear$*$-

Geer., C3 =0? Religion as a Cultural System. n Anthropological Approaches


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R*+era, T3 =2111?3 %iddle Class Politics: The Philippine Eperience. %!r$a& %' Social Sc*e$ce >@ 0/223

5e6s*e

Ph*&*((*$e P%&**ca& C!&!re C*rca 211 =211?3 Rer*e+e" A!-!s 00 2101, 'r%)http'*&*(*$%+%*ces3c%)(h*&*((*$e(%&**ca&c!&!rec*rca211

Merr*a)5e6ser3 Rer*e+e" N%+e)6er 0@ 21013 Fr%) h(7773)err*a)"e/ster 3c%)


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EAMPLE OF SURVEYINTERVIE5 QUESTIONS

The '%&&%7*$- *s a$ e9a)(&e '%r) %' he researchers8 s!r+e# %$ he se&ece"res(%$"e$s

I(*$a(aa&a) (% $a a$- )-a res!&a$- $a:a(a&%%6 r*% a# (a-!!!$a$ $-

:a!:!&a$- (a-**$-a3 Mara)*$- sa&a)a (% sa *$#%$- :%%(eras#%$3

Punan ang mga sumusunod na detalye. Para sa mga may bilog, maari lamang ponglagyan ng tsek () ang napiling kasagutan.

Pa$-a&a$ =O(s#%$a&? 4asar*a$Ba6a6e= ?La&a:*= ? E"a"

P*$a:a)aaas $a a$as $- e"!:as*#%$- $aa6% = ?E&e)e$ar#a = ?H*-hsch%%& = ?C%&&e-eU$"er-ra"!ae = ?C%&&e-e = ?Maser8s De-ree = ?D%c%rae De-ree

Tra6ah% = ?Se&' E)(&%#e" = ?Sa G%6#er$% = ?Sa Pr*6a"% Se:%r = ?5a&a$- ra6ah%

= ?Ohers3 P&s3 S(ec*'#

4*a = ? 01,111(a6a6a = ? 00,1110@,111 = ? 0,11121,111 = ? 20,111(aaas

Isa :a 6a$- reh*sra"%$- 6%a$e = ? O% = ? H*$"*

B!)%% :a 6a sa )-a s!)!s!$%" $a $a*%$a& e&ec*%$s La-#a$ $- se: =? a$- )-a a$-:%($a :asa-!a$3

211> e&ec*%$s

2101 e&ec*%$s =Ma#%?

B!)%% :a 6a sa )-a s!)!s!$%" $a &%:a& =Bara$-a#? $a e&ec*%$s La-#a$ $- chec: a$- )-aa$-:%( $a :asa-!a$3

211 e&ec*%$s

2101 e&ec*%$s =O:!6re?

Sagutan ang sumusunod ng Tama o Mali ayon sa inyong kaalaman.

03 A$- (res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as a# $a$!$!$-:!&a$ $- a$*) $a a%$3

23 A$- (res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as a# )aar*$- )aa$--a& sa (araa$ $- (e%(&e (%7er3

J3 A$- )-a se$a"%r $- P*&*(*$as a# h*$"* )aar*$- )a*)(each3

>3 A$- 0 C%$s*!*%$ $- P*&*(*$as a# (a$- &*)a$- c%$s*!*%$3

@3 A$- s!(re)e c%!r a# 6*$!6!% $- *sa$- Ch*e' !s*ce a &a6*$- &*)a$- =0@?ass%c*ae !s*ces3

3 A$- h%!se %' re(rese$a*+es a$- $a)a)aha&a sa &aha $- *)(each)e$ cases3


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3 S* F%r)er Pres3 %se(h Eerc*% Esra"a a# $aa$--a& sa !$-:!&*$ sa(a)a)a-*a$ $- I)(each)e$ Tr*a&

3 A$- !$a$- Pe%(&e P%7er Re+%&!*%$ a# $a-a$a( $%%$- March 22 03

3 L*)a$- a%$ $a$!$!$-:!&a$ a$- 6ara$-a# c%!$c*&%r $- P*&*(*$as3

013 A$- )-a $a:a:!&%$- a# $a:a:a6%% !7*$- e&e:s#%$3

003 T!7*$- a&%$- a%$ $a-a-a$a( a$- e&e:s#%$ (ara sa 6ara$-a# %''*c*a&s3

023 Para sa S4 % Sa$--!$*a$- 4a6aaa$, a$- )aar* &a$- 6!)%% sa:a$*&a a# a$-)-a )a# e"a" $a 0@20 #ears %&"3

0J3 Pa$-a&a7a$- 6eses $a!(% 6*&a$- S(ea:er %' he H%!se s* %se C3 De Ve$ec*a,r3

Bilugan ang tamang sagot ayon sa inyong kaalaman.

0>3 A$- :asa&!:!#a$- ch*e' !s*ce $- P*&*(*$as a# s*

a3 Re$a% C%r%$a 63 Re#$a% P!$%

c3 H*&ar*% Da+*"e, r 3 "3 Are)*% Pa$-a$*6a$

0@3 A$- *$c!)6e$ s(ea:er %' he h%!se a# s*

a3 Fe&*c*a$% R3 Be&)%$e, r3 63 Pr%s(er% N%-ra&es

c3 Ar$!&'% T3 F!e$a6e&&a "3 %se C3 "e Ve$ec*a, r3

03 A$- *$c!)6e$ se$ae (res*"e$ $- P*&*(*$as a# s*

a3 Ma$$# V*&&ar 63 !a$ P%$ce E$r*&e

c3 Fra$:&*$ Dr*&%$ "3 A!*&*$% P*)e$e&

03 A$- )-a s!)!s!$%" a# )-a :*$a:a*&a$-a$ (ara )a-*$- *sa$- 6%a$e, )a&*6a$ sa *sa

a3 0 #ears %&" 63 $a$*raha$ sa (*&*(*$as $- h*$"* 6a6a $- *sa$- a%$

c3 !)*ra sa &!-ar $a $a*s (a-6%%ha$ $- h*$"* 6a6a sa a$*) $a 6!7a$

"3 )a# 6aha# a &!(a

03 A$- )-a s!)!s!$%" a# )-a !a&*'*ca*%$s (ara sa (res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as, )a&*6a$ sa *sa

a3 Reh*sra"%$- 6%a$e 63 a &eas @1 #ears %' a-e sa ara7 $- e&e:s#%$

c3 )ar!$%$- )a-6asa, a )a-s!&a

"3 res*"e$e $- P*&*(*$as $- h*$"* 6a6a $- sa)(!$- a%$


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03 A$- h%!se %' re(rese$a*+es a# 6*$!6!% $-

a3 0@1 )e)6ers 63 211 )e)6ers c3 2@1 )e)6ers "3 J11 )e)6ers

213 T*$aa&a:a# sa RH B*&& a$- )-a s!)!s!$%" )a&*6a$ sa *sa

a3 Ma6*sa$- 'a)* (&a$$*$- 63 Se9 E"!ca*%$

c3 A6%r*%$ "3 Ma6*sa$- hea&h care ser+*ces


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Leer % he Bara$-a#

I$s*!e %' Ars a$" Sc*e$ces

De(ar)e$ P%&**ca& Sc*e$ce

N*ca$%r Re#es Sree

M%ra#a, Ma$*&a

Bara$-a# Cha*r)a$

Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 Sec%$" D*sr*c

N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#

S*rMa"a),

Gree*$-s %' Peace a$" Pr%s(er*#

The Jr" #ear s!"e$s %' Far Easer$ U$*+ers*# )a%r *$ P%&**ca& Sc*e$ce are c%$"!c*$- a s!"#e$*&e" ;A$ e+a&!a*%$ % he P%&**ca& C%%(era*%$ %' Bara$-a# G!&%", Z%$e 2 *$ he sec%$" "*sr*c %' N%+a&*ches Q!e.%$ C*#< as a )a%r re!*re)e$ '%r he De-ree %' Bache&%r %' Ars )a%r *$ P%&**ca&Sc*e$ce3

I$ h*s re-ar", 7e 7%!&" &*:e % as: #%!r -%%" %''*ce % a&&%7 !s % c%$"!c a s!r+e# %$ #%!r 6ara$-a#3 Be res ass!re" ha a&& *$'%r)a*%$ a$" "aa -ahere" 7*&& 6e :e( c%$'*"e$*a&3

Y%!r (er)*ss*%$ *s h*-h a((rec*ae"3

Tha$: #%! a$" G%" 6&ess3

S*$cere,

a#+ee Ba&&eser%s

%h$ Da$*e& E3 F*$!&*ar

ese&ea La-asca

Fe&*c*ss*)% Te$%r*%

N%e" 6#

Pr%'3 Fra$c*s L%!*e Me$"%.a

A"+*ser

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