examen final-micro (1).docx

7/23/2019 examen final-micro (1).docx

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AGRARIA LA MOLINAMICROBIOLOGIA2008-I

EXAMEN FINAL

Nombre.Pte.Not!

I.- E"#! "! !"ter$!t#%! &orre&t!'

(.-L! )t#"#*!* +r#$+!" *e "o, +o,t)"!*o, *e o& e,'!/ I*e$t#&!r 1 &!r!&ter#!r &"!r!me$te ! )$ *eterm#$!*o m#&roor3!$#,mob/ Demo,tr!r 4)e )$! e$5erme*!* e, &!),!*! +or )$ m#&roor3!$#,mo&/ De,!rro""!r %!&)$!, +!r! e$5erme*!*e, e,+e&6&!,*/ A#,"!r m#&roor3!$#,mo, ! +!rt#r *e !$#m!"e, e$5ermo,

2.-U$! b!&ter#! e,57r#&! e, re5er#*! &omo'

!/ Co&ob/ B!"o&/ E,+#r#"o*/ Co&ob!"o

.-E" !*o N-!&et#" m)r9m#&o e,t9 +re,e$te e$ "!, +!re*e, *e'!/ Pro&!r#ot!,b/ E)b!&ter#!,&/ Ar4)eob!&ter#!,*/ Gr!m $e3!t#%!,

:.-L! e,tr)&t)r! *e" +e+t#*o3")&!$o e$ b!&ter#!, Gr!m +o,#t#%!, ,e *#5ere$! *e "!, 3r!m$e3!t#%!, +r#$+!"me$te e$'

!/ L! &om+o,#$ *e" tetr! +7+t#*ob/ .-U$ ,#,tem! ,e$,#b"e !" &o4)e o,m;t#&o )t#"#!!/ L! #*r;"#,#, *e A?P +!r! "! e$tr!*! *e" $)tr#e$te

b/ U$! +rote6$! +er# +"!,m9t#&! e,+e&!&/ U$ tr!$,+ort!*or *e membr!$!*/ ?o*!,

@.-Eem+"o, *e )$ #3om#&eto 1 *e )$ !,&om#&eto ,o$ re,+e&t#%!me$te'a) Mucor; Rhizopusb) Penicillium; Saccharomycesc) Rhizopus; Aspergilliusd) Agaricus; Boletus

8.-L! &!+,)"! b!&ter#!$!'!/ Otor3! re,#,te$! ! "! 5!3oto,#,

b/ Pro*)&e +e+t#*o3")&!$o&/ O&)rre ,o"o e$ b!&ter#!, Gr!m +o,#t#%!,*/ ?o*!,


2/5

.-U$ m#&roor3!$#,mo !)otro5o e,'!/ A4)e" 4)e ! +er*#*o "! &!+!*!* *e ,#$tet#!r *eterm#$!*o $)tr#e$teb/ E" 4)e )t#"#! CO2 &omo $#&! 5)e$te *e &!rbo$o&/ E" 4)e e, &!+! *e &re&er e$ )$ me*#o m6$#mo ,#$ $)tr#e$te, e,+e&6&o,*/ B 1 C

(0.-L! membr!$! eter$! *e "o, Gr!m $e3!t#%o, +o,ee +rote6$!, &o$ &!$!"e, #*ro"#&o,""!m!*!,

!/ L#+o+rote6$!,

b/ F#mbr#!,&/ Prote6$!, +er# +"!,m9t#&!,*/ Por#$!,

((.-E" %!"or *e "! !&t#%#*!* *e !3)! A/ e,'!/ M!1or e$ "!, b!&ter#!,b/ M!1or e$ o$3o, 1 "e%!*)r!,&/ D#re&t!me$te +ro+oro$!" ! "! +re,#;$ o,m;t#&!*/ S#m#"!r e$ o$3o, 1 e$ b!&ter#!,

(2.-L! !&$ *e "! ") )"tr!%#o"et! e, &r6t#&! +!r!!/ *o, $)&"e#&o,b/ L6+#*o, 1 +rote6$!,

&/ R#bo,om!,*/ ?o*!,(.-L!, b!&ter#!, etero5erme$t!t#%!, *e3r!*!$ "! 3")&o,! +or "! %#! .. ! *#5ere$! *e"!, $o 5erme$t!t#%!, +ro*)&e$

!/ EMP 3"#&o"#,#,/- !*o "9&t#&ob/ E$t$er Do)*oroH- ( A?P&/ Fo,5o&ero"!,!-et!$o"*/ De "!, +e$to,!,-!*o "9&t#&o

(:.-C)!$*o e" !mo$#o ,e e$&)e$tr! e$ !"t! &o$&e$tr!$ e$ e" me*#o e, !,#m#"!*o +or "!%6! 4)e )t#"#! "! e$#m!

!/ G")t!m!to *e,#*ro3e$!,!

b/ G")t!m#$! ,#$ter!,!&/ G")t!m!to ,#$t!,!*/ A"5! &ero3")t!r!to *e,#*ro3e$!*!

(=.-Lo, +ro*)&to, *e "! 5erme$t!$ !*o m#t! ,o$'

!/ Et!$o" !& "9&t#&o !& 5;rm#&o CO2 1 2b/ A& !&7t#&o !& b)t6r#&o !&eto$! b)t!$o"&/ A& ,)&&6$#&o !& "9&t#&o 2 b)t!$o*#o"*/ Et!$o" !& !&7t#&o !& "9&t#&o

(>.-P!r! m!$te$er e" &rem#e$to *e )$! b!&ter#! 4)#m#o"#totro5! re4)er#r6!'

!/ U$ me*#o $)tr#t#%o &o$te$#e$*o 3")&o,!b/ U$ &o$t#$)o ,)+"eme$to *e o#3e$o&/ U$! 5)e$te *e $#tr;3e$o #$or39$#&o*/ M!$te$er e" &)"t#%o ! @JC

(@.-E$ "! 5oto,6$te,#, b!&ter#!$! ,e &)m+"e 4)e'

!/ E#,te$ *o, t#+o, 5oto,6$te,#, o#3e$#&! 1 !$o#3e$#&!.b/ P)e*e$ )t#"#!r *o, o m9, 5oto,#,tem!, *e re!&$&/ Co$t#e$e$ &"oro"! 1 +#3me$to, !&&e,or#o, e$ +"!,t#*#o,*/ L!, !rm!o$e, ! 1 b

(8.-E$ to*! 5erme$t!$


3/5

!/ Se +ro*)&e CO2b/ E" !&e+tor *e e"e&tro$e, e, e" +#r)%!to o )$ *er#%!*o *e e,te&/ Se +ro*)&e NAD*/ ?o*!,

(.-L! ,6$te,#, *e A?P *)r!$te "! re,+#r!$ !$!er;b#&! 1 !er;b#&! ,e re!"#!'

!/ Por 5o,5or#"!o$ ! $#%e" *e ,),tr!to 1 5o,5or#"!o$ o#*!t#%! e$ !mb!,b/ So"o +or 5o,5or#"!o$ ! $#%e" *e ,),tr!to e$ !mb!,

&/ Por 5o,5or#"!o$ ! $#%e" *e ,),tr!to 1 5o,5or#"!o$ o#*!t#%! re,+e&t#%!me$te*/ So"o +or 5o,5or#"!o$ o#*!t#%! e$ !mb!,

20.-E$tre "o, +ro&!r#ot!, "! 5oto,6$te,#, o#3e$#&! e, )$! &!r!&ter6,t#&! *e'

!/ B!&ter#! +)r+)r!b/ C#!$ob!&ter#!&/ !"ob!&ter#!*/ B!&ter#! %er*e

II.-Diga si es verdadero o falso (V o F) (25 p)

L! re+"#&!$ *e DNA e$ b!&ter#!, e, ! +!rt#r *e %!r#o, or63e$e, *e re+"#&!$ L! +rote6$! ro +re,e$te e$ e" to+"!,m! *e "! &e")"!r re&o$o&e )$! ,e&)e$!

e,+e&! e$ e" DNA 1 "! ,6$te,#, *e RNA &o$t#$)! E$ "o, +ro&e,o, *e e,ter#"#!$ e" &!"or me*o e, m9, ee$te 4)e e" &!"or ,e&o E$ &7")"!, +ro&!r#ot#*!, 1 e$ e)&!r#ot#&!, e" ADN +re,e$t! %!r#o, or63e$e, *e

re+"#&!$ L! B-3!"!&to,#*!,! ,e ,#$tet#! e$ +re,e$! *e "!&to,! m#e$tr!, 4)e "!, e$#m!,

4)e ,#$tet#!$ tr#+t;5!$o ,e ,#$tet#! e$ !),e$! *e e,te !m#$o9*o e$ e" me*#o *e&)"t#%o

U$! b!&ter#! 4)e &re&e e$ )$ me*#o 4)e &o$t#e$e 3")&o,! 1 "!&to,! )t#"#! e$

+r#mer ")3!r "! "!&to,! 1 &)!$*o e,t! ,e !3ot! "! b!&ter#! *e! *e &re&er L! +re,e$! *e AMP &6&"#&o e, re3)"!*! +or *#5ere$te, $#%e"e, *e 3")&o,! L! tr!$,5orm!$ re4)#ere *e )$! &7")"! &om+ete$te E$ "! &o$)3!$ ,o"o ,e +)e*e tr!$,5er#r +"9,m#*o, L! &o$)3!$ b!&ter#!$! re4)#ere *e )$ +"9,m#*o L!, &7")"!, Fr ,o$ !4)e""!, 4)e $o +re,e$t!$ b)e$ ! re&omb#$!$ 3e$7t#&! E" or*e$ +!r! "! !+"#&!$ *e" DNA e,' !$$e!"#$ ete$,#;$ $!" 1 *e,$!t)r!"#!$ L! #br#*!$ ADN-ADN ,e ),! &omo &r#ter#o !&t)!" *e *e$#$ *e e,+ee L! re&A e, )$! +rote6$! #m+ort!$te e$ e" +ro&e,o *e re&omb#$!$ 3e$7t#&! L! tr!$,*)&$ 3e$er!"#!*! e, &)!$*o e" %#r), +ort! 3e$ +or eem+"o *e "!

3!"!&to,! o *e "! b#ot#$! m#e$tr!, 4)e "! e,+e!"#!*! e, &)!$*o +ort! &)!"4)#er3e$ *e "! b!&ter#! L! +!$*em#! e, )$! e+#*em#! !m+"#!me$te *#,tr#b)#*! m#e$tr!, 4)e "! e+#*em#! e,

&)!$*o "! e$5erme*!* !t!&! ! )$ b!o $mero *e #$*#%#*)o, L! #$te3r!$ *e" 3!3o "!m*! !" &romo,om! b!&ter#!$o e, )$ t#+o *e re&omb#$!$

,#t#o e,+e&! m#e$tr!, 4)e "! 4)e o&)rre e$ "! me#o,#, e, )$! re&omb#$!$omo"o3!

Lo, %#r), 4)e #$5e&t!$ ! &7")"!, *e m!m65ero, #$1e&t!$ ,o"o ,) !*o $)&"e#&o, *e$tro*e "! &7")"!

L! "#,o#m! e, )$! e$#m! t!r*6! 4)e ,e 5orm! +re%#o "! "#ber!$ *e "o, $)e%o,%#r#o$e,

L! !$ *e $#tr;3e$o e, )$ +ro&e,o 4)e "o re!"#!$ *eterm#$!*!, b!&ter#!, &omo+,e)*omo$!,


4/5

L! *e, $#tr#&!$ e, "! +er*#*! *e $#tr;3e$o ! "! !tmo,5er! m#e$tr!, 4)e "!$#tr#&!$ e, "! &o$%er,#;$ *e" !mo$#o ! $#tr!to,

L!, m#&orr#!, ,o$ o$3o, +!t;3e$o, *e +"!$t!, Lo, !rbo"e, "o3e$7t#&o, ,e &o$,tr)1e$ &o$ e" !$9"#,#, *e" (>, r#bo,;m#&o C"o,tr#*#)m bot)"#$#)$ 1 C. tet!$# +ro*)&e$ e$*oto#$!, mort!"e, +!r! e" or3!$#,mo L!, e$*oto#$!, +ro*)&e$ ebre, 1 ,o$ +ro%o&!*!, +or "!, b!&ter#!, Gr!m $e3!t#%!,

III.-Complete los parntesis

!/ V#r), *e" ,#*!b/ E,#o$!,!&/ V#r), *e "! r!b#!*/ "#,o,#m!e/ O"#3o!*e$#"!to

,#$tet!,!

5/

3/ Prote6$! ,,b/ I5 #/ L#,o3e$#!

/ E,te3r!,!K/ E&"#+,e

"/

m/ P"!,m#*o %$/ V#r#o$o/ F!3o tem+er!*o+/ E&o r4/ F!3o, &o$ &!be!r/ Re+re,or,/ Co-re+re,or


5/5

t/

)/ / F!&tor *e #$te3r!$ *e" o,+e*ero%/ / Ge$e, 3!" 1 b#o/ / F!3o "!m*!/ / Prote6$! 4)e re&o$o&e !" o+er!*or1/ / Re+"#&!$ *e" !*o $)&"e#&o, %#r!"/ / E$#m! 4)e ,e re4)#ere +!r! 4)e e" %#r), +!,! *e )$ e,t!*o "#,o 37$#&o ! "6t#&o!!/ / At+

!b/ / ?r!$,&r#+t!,! #$%er,!!&/ / ARN ebr! $e3!t#%!!*/ / Re+"#&!$ r&)"o ro*!$te!e/ / E$#m!, t!r*6!, *e "! 5!,e "6t#&!!5/ / V#r), 5)er! *e "! &7")"! o,+e*er!

!3/ / E$#m! re4)er#*! *)r!$te "! re&omb#$!$ *e 9*o, $)&"e#&o, %#r!" 1b!&ter#!$o

!/ / E,t!b#"#! e" DNA mo$o &!te$!r#o!#/ / V#r), #$te3r!*o !" &romo,om! *e "! &7")"! o,+e*er!!/ / E$#m! *e e &o"#!K/ / Mo"7&)"! &omo e" e !r3#$#$!!"/

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