EMS_Lecture 10_ISO 14001_2015

Environmental Management Systems

Environmental Management SystemsLECTURE on ISO-14001

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Contents

• Elements of EMS• Commitment and Policy

– Initial Environmental Review• Planning• Project discussion

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ISO 14000

• ISO 14000 family is concerned with various aspects of ‘environmental management’ – Meaning what the organization does to minimize harmful effects

on the environment caused by its activities– Continually to improve its environmental performance

• ISO 14000 family contains more than 20 standards, guides, and other publications– dealing with a variety of topics such as forest management and

life-cycle assessment

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ISO 14000

• The very first two standards in the ISO 14000 family are, ISO 14001ISO 14004

• ISO 14001 provides the requirements for an EMS and ISO 14004 gives general EMS guidelines

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ISO 14000

• TC 207 formed six subcommittee to review different aspects of EMS

• The international sub committees are as follows:– SC 1 Environmental Management Systems (14001/14004)– SC 2 Environmental Auditing (14010, 14011, 14012)– SC 3 Environmental Labeling (14020)– SC 4 Environmental Performance Evaluation (14030)– SC 5 Life Cycle Assessment (14040)– SC 6 Terms and Definitions (14050)– SC 7 GHG Management & related activities

• New series developed recently is environmental aspects in product standards (14060)

• Each committee is comprised of representatives from ISO member countries04/28/2023


ISO 14000

• Role of each subcommittee is to – develop a portion of the draft standards then review and

approval by the technical committee and ultimately by all ISO member

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ISO 14000

Environmental Management (ISO 14000)

Organization Evaluation Product Evaluation

Environmental Management System

Environmental Auditing

Environmental Performance Evaluation

Life Cycle Assessment

Environmental Labeling

Environmental Aspects in Product Standards

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Driving Forces for ISO 14000

• Following are main driving forces for adoption of ISO 14000– Nowadays customers prefer products or services from ISO

certified companies– Government regulatory agencies feel that these organizations

are committed for the reducing impact on environment– So this may lead to less frequent inspection, less frequent

monitoring and reporting requirements– To market out product in foreign countries like European

countries, we need to have effective EMS like ISO 14001– To have competitive advantage over rival companies marketing

the same product– Companies adopting ISO 14000 may also benefit through

reduced operating and compliance costs and increased management efficiencies

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ISO 14001

• The ISO14001 standard describes a management system

• It does not prescribe environmental performance targets– require the use of particular technologies or set goals for

environmental outcomes

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ISO 14001

• It is however, generally accepted that – once an organization identifies its environmental aspects– evaluates its potential impacts on the environment – sets up a system to manage those impacts improved

environmental performance will take place

• Implementation of an EMS brings environmental concerns into the mainstream of business operations– by providing a framework for balancing and integrating

environmental and economic interests

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ISO 14001

• ISO 14001 is organized around five basic principles or key elements. They are

– Commitment and policy– Planning– Implementation– Measurement and evaluation– Review and improvement

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ISO 14001

• The system approach of an effective EMS is best shown in the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle

Plan Do Check Act

EnvironmentalPolicy

Continual Improvement

Planning

Implementation &Control

Checking & Corrective Action

ManagementReview

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ISO 14000

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Step - 1Commitment and Policy

• The ISO14001 requires that – management demonstrate a real commitment to its EMS – this commitment be defined in a detailed environmental policy

• That is documented and communicated to employees– Made available to the public

• This document includes – a commitment to continual improvement and pollution

prevention– regulatory compliance – a framework for setting objectives

• This require looking at many aspects of your business • The requirements imposed on your business by internal

and external forces04/28/2023


Commitment and Policy

• How these factors impact your environmental management and performance

• Three steps are necessary according to ISO 14004– Ensuring top management commitment and leadership– Performing an initial environmental review– Developing an environmental policy

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Commitment and Policy

• Everyone in the company must be involved in ISO 14001

• ISO 14001 is based on an awareness, at all levels of an organization– activities of individuals, groups, and the company as a whole can

have an impact on the environment

• Therefore, implementation of ISO 14001 requires that – personnel throughout a company, even those not in jobs

traditionally considered to have an impact on the environment– need to be involved in the implementation process

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Role of Top Management

• Top management must be committed to improving the Environmental management of the company’s activities, products, or services

• Top management set the tone for the work to be done• First

– it must develop a company environmental policy– Then it must set the goals and objectives needed to comply with

the environmental policy– Top management must allocate the resources, in terms of both

money and people– Incentives, such as employee review objectives, bonuses, and

awards, must be in place to ensure that employees buy into the program

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Role of Top Management

• Second– top management must monitor the elements of the EMS– it has established under ISO 14001 to ensure that they are

working

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Initial Environmental Review

• Review of monitoring data, corrections must be made to EMS as necessary

• This provides a snapshot of the current state of your business relative to the environment

• The initial determination will be needed by top management when it develop an environmental policy for the company

• It will also provide important data needed to begin planning for the implementation of ISO 14001

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• The first review should consider such aspects for your business as– What regulatory and legislative requirements govern your

activities– Which business activities have or may have significant

environmental impacts, or may create liability– How you track or apply industry standards, codes of practice,

regulations, internal company requirements, or similar guidelines– What environmental management procedures and programs are

already in place– What aspects of your business may enable or impede your

ability to achieve better environmental performance

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• You may want to consider the views of – parties outside your company– people who may have an interest in your environmental

performance• These parties could include

– Shareholders– financial backers– Neighbors– local interest groups– environmental activists– local government entities

• boards or commissions

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How I Get Started on the Initial Environmental Review

• There are several approaches to collecting information that you may find useful, depending on the nature of the data you want to collect– Use focused questionnaires, which produce unambiguous

responses– Review existing company records, procedures, and so on– Perform site inspections– Review audit results– Interview company personnel or outside parties– Develop checklist– Review Internal practices that have in the past resulted in

environmental improvement– Review procedure and practices of other similar companies that

have improved their environmental performance

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• Information can be obtained from numerous places, and it’s always best to consult a range of different sources

• Sources may include– Regulatory agencies for help in determining the existence and

applicability of regulations– Other companies in your industry and trade associations to

exchange information and determine industry standards– Libraries, databases, and online services, including Internet Web

pages or technical discussion group– Association to which your customer belong– Manufactures of the equipment used by our company– Contractors your firm employs such as waste haulers, disposal

facilities, and hazardous waste cleanup firms– Environmental management consultant

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• Your results and findings should be summarized in a manner that – will allow management to understand your organization’s current

environmental performance• The information developed, as well as the process used

to collect the information, should be documented• The results of your review should allow management

– to identify areas where environmental performance needs to be improved

– opportunities that could lead to better or more efficient environmental performance

– ways to develop an environmental policy that will provide the proper guidance and direction for you to develop an effective EMS

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Step – 2 PlanningNon Environmental Program

• How existing non environmental management programs can be useful?

• The most obvious example is probably the international quality management standard, ISO 9000

• Organizations that are ISO 9000 certified have developed many management elements very similar to the requirements of ISO 14001

• By adopting those elements to environmental management, or by sharing management elements, greater efficiency can be achieved


Determining Environmental Aspects

• Environmental aspects – any element of an organization’s activities, or

their products or services that should interact with the environment

– any activity that your company performs that may affect the environment, in either a negative or a positive way

• Activity do not have to be currently affecting the environment– A regulated activity, for example, may not affect the environment

because you have it under control

– However, it may affect the environment should your control fails


Determining Environmental Aspects

• Why environmental aspects are important?

– used to set objectives and targets for EMS– the development and implementation of your EMS will be aimed

at better management of those activities – that have a significant impact on the environment


Positive Impacts

• Activities that conserve natural resources (i.e., energy reduction, material recycling) are prime examples of positive interaction with the environment

• Not only is it just as important to manage these positive activities– but also it allows you to take proper credit for beneficial

activities when you describe your EMS to outside parties

• Some examples of environmental aspects include– Outside storage of hazardous wastes– Wastewater treatment– Painting or coating of parts– Sweeping and cleaning of floors and equipment


Difference in Environmental Aspect and Impact

• An environmental aspect is any business activity that may have an impact on the environment– such as emission, noise, energy use, and so on

• An environmental impact is that change that actually takes place in the environment because of the action of the aspect– Impacts might include toxicity due to an emission– natural resource depletion due to energy use– or nuisance or habitat disruption due to noise


Determining Environmental Aspect

• When planning, should I identify only those aspects of my business that have a significant impact on the environment?

• You should identify as many environmental aspects of your business as you can – then determine which are most important

• This allows you to rank environmental aspects relative to each other and avoids bias in deciding what may be significant


Some Potential Information Sources

• Things such as – types of permits– reporting requirements– notices of deficiencies

can help identify many regulatory related aspects of your operation

• Reviewing environmental audit reports also helps identify areas of your operations where problems have or could occur

• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs), or other information about materials used by your company– can help identify the relative environmental hazards associated

with their use


Identifying Legal and Other Requirements

• Legal requirements include any regulatory or statutory requirements – that apply to the environmental aspects of your company

• Other requirements can be a variety of non regulatory performance criteria– whether from sources outside your organization or developed by

your organization for internal use



• Why Legal and Other Requirements are now considered as a Separate Planning Activity?

• ISO 14001 also requires that your company “establish and maintain a procedure to identify and have access to legal and other requirements” – that are applicable to your company

• Need is the ability to identify and track new or developing requirements

• Many companies have procedures in place to track applicable regulations

• Other requirements are generally not tracked as formally but will need to be under ISO 14001



• What sources of information can help me track legal requirements?

• You will want to use a number of sources– since any one source may not provide complete coverage of

your operation

• Some possible sources include– Notifications or guidance from government regulatory agencies– Business or industry groups to which you may belong– Commercially available regulatory tracking services, newsletters,

and databases– Environmental consultants



• What are the shortcomings of relying on government notifications ?

• Government notifications tend to be complicated and difficult to understand– especially in terms of the regulations practical

applicability to your company

• Not all levels of government provide such notification in an organized or dependable manner



• What are the limitations of using information provided by an industry trade association?

• Industry groups usually provide good updates or seminars on the hot regulatory issues– but cannot address every new regulation

• However, they may be a good place to network with other companies similar to yours – to find out what types of tracking systems have provided good

results for others



• Are there drawbacks of using commercial reporting services?

• Commercial sources vary considerably in quality and breadth of coverage

• Good services usually provide complete coverage with frequent updates at the federal level

• But less coverage as you move down through the levels of government

• Depending on the total coverage you need and the frequency of updates, the cost can be high



• What are the limitations of using an environmental consultant to track regulations?

• Professional environmental consultants are useful – for understanding the applicability of new regulations – assisting you in tracking developing regulations

• However, only few individuals consultants are knowledgeable enough in more than a few areas of environmental regulations – to provide complete and in-depth tracking information



• What are some areas not covered by regulatory requirements?

• Areas not covered by regulatory requirements, but important to your effective management of your environmental performance, might include

– Employees roles and responsibilities– Training and awareness– Process design engineering– Energy conservation and management– Pollution prevention and natural resource conservation


Setting the Objectives and Targets for EMS

• An objective is established – to provide specific emphasis and direction to your efforts to meet

your company’s environmental policy

• The target is a specific and measurable endpoint, related to an objective– which can demonstrate achievement of an objective, or progress

toward achievement of that objective

• Reduction of air emission is an objective and a reduction of 15% over the next 6 months is a target



• What is considered when setting objectives and targets?

• Objectives and targets must reflect the environmental policy set by top management

• They should also take into account

– the significant environmental aspects you have identified– legal and other requirements (including financial, operational,

and business requirements)– the technological options for meeting targets



• Who should develop your objectives and targets?

• Management from the portion of your organization directly involved in setting objectives and meeting targets should be involved in the development process

• Likewise, employees who will have ultimate responsibility for achieving the objectives and targets should have input

• Objectives and targets can be developed for specific processes, facilities, or business units– or can developed to apply to an entire corporation



• The people you involve in the development of objectives and targets– will first depend on the scope of these objectives and

targets

• Your implementation team should work closely with both the appropriate managers and employees– to ensure that objectives and targets are developed in

a manner that is consistent with your company’s environmental policy

– address the significant environmental aspects that have been identified



• Do objectives and targets change over time?

• They are developed to address significant environmental aspects– not every environmental aspect that has been

identified

• As the significant environmental aspects are redefined during review cycles specified in your EMS– the objectives and targets must also be reviewed and

amended



• How do I track progress toward achieving an objective and its target?

• Specific measurable indicators should be established for each target at the outset

• The ability to measure progress must be taken into account in the actual selection of targets



• How are targets measured?• Progress toward achieving your target is measured using

environmental performance indicators• Environmental performance indicators

– called EPI for operational and selected management areas– ECI for condition of the environment

developed by your company to measure environmental performance in specific areas

• Unlike audits– which provide a point in time appraisal of your compliance with

specific requirements• EPIs should provide a measurement over time



• This shows trends toward improved performance or achievement of an objective

• EPIs that could be used to measure progress toward an objective might include

– Percentage of waste recycled over time– Efficiency of material or energy use or reuse– Quantity of raw material used per quantity of product– Percentage of process engineering designs resulting in process

waste reduction


Developing Environmental Management Programs

• Environmental management programs are the mechanism – by which the action identified by the implementation team during

planning are actually carried out

• Whereas the implementation plan may set a milestone for some portion of your EMS planning or implementation to be completed

• It is the environmental management programs that will ensure that – the appropriate people and resources are undertaking the

appropriate tasks to meet the milestone


Creating an Implementation Plan

• Points included are– Identify a team of people with specific responsibilities for leading

the development of specific elements– Identify a person with overall lead responsibility for

implementation and planning– Identify which elements of ISO 14001 will need to be developed

for your organization– Identify specific non environmental programs and procedures

that can provide useful input for environmental programs, or form the basis for similar ISO 14001 requirements

– Provide the resources, both personnel and money, that will enable the implementation team to accomplish its mission

– Establish a schedule with critical paths, milestones, and complete dates


Creating an Implementation Plan

• The implementation plan should essentially create a road map – how you will proceed through the ISO 14001 planning and

implementation• The plan is developed from the results of your detailed

gap analysis– its scope having been defined by top management in the

environmental policy it created

EMS_Lecture 10_ISO 14001_2015

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