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saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka

parlamentis samecniero-sainformaciouzrunvelyofis ganyofileba

saqarTvelos saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebi

tomi VII

emzar jgerenaias winasityvaobiT

eduard SevardnaZesaqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare (1992 wlis 10 marti _ 1992 wlis 11 oqtomberi),

saqarTvelos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomare (1992 wlis 11 oqtomberi _ 1992 wlis 6 noemberi)

saqarTvelos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomare _ saxelmwifos meTauri

(1992 wlis 11 oqtomberi _ 1992 wlis 6 noemberi)

mimarTvebi, interviuebi

Tbilisi 2017

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UDC (uak) 342.511 (479.22) + 929(479.22)s-323e-241

ISSN 1987-5576ISBN 978-9941-0-9822-2

© saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka

seriis “saqarTvelos saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebi“

ideis avtorebi: prof. emzar jgerenaia doq. doris fogli

redaqtor-Semdgeneli: nato gabelaia

Semdgenlebi: TinaTin suluxia,

kukuri kiRuraZe

dakabadoneba: Salva papalaSvili

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sarCevi:

emzaer jgerenaia: ZOON POLITIKON - Strixebi eduard SevardnaZis portretisaTvis ............................................................................9eduard SevardnaZe: „Cemi gadawyvetileba ar aris mxolod Cemi piradi arCevani“... .....................................................................23gancxadeba TbilisSi gamomgzavrebis win ....................................... 24eduard SevardnaZe: „me Camovedi imisaTvis, rom mklavebi davikapiwo da Cems xalxTan erTad viSromo da viRvawo Cveni samSoblos gadasarCenad!“ ................................. 25arCevnebis Semdeg ufro advili iqneba res publikaSi demokratiuli struqturebis damkvidreba .................................... 27mis aRmatebulebas baton TurguT ozals, Tur qeTis respublikis prezidents ..................................................................................... 29eduard SevardnaZe: „universitetSi vxedav mTel saqarTvelos, mas eniWeba unikaluri roli eris erTobaSi, politikur stabilizaciaSi, ekonomikisa da ganaTlebis aRmavlobaSi“ ...........................................................................30kedlis aqeTa mxares ...................................................................................................36werili iubilars ...........................................................................................................39„SeiZleba wavago kidec, magram saqarTveloSi ardabruneba ar SemeZlo“ .................................................................................... 40baton eduard SevardnaZis sityva, warmoT qmuli baton hans-ditrix genSeris pativsacemad gamarTul sadilze................................................................................................................................... 48saiubileo misalmeba bagrat Sinqubas ..................................................55eduard SevardnaZe: mjera, aRorZindeba saqarTvelo! ...... 56cxinvali, baton torez kulumbegovs .................................................... 60saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr- korespondents mixeil daraselias ...........................................................61sadili sapatio stumris pativsacemad ................................................ 62mis aRmatebulebas, somxeTis respublikis prezidents baton levon ter-petrosians .......................................................................... 68mis aRmatebulebas, azerbaijanis respublikis prezidentis movaleobis Semsrulebels baton isa gambarovs ............................................................................................................................... 69erovnuli mSvidoba, Tanxmoba, Serigeba ganyenebuli sityvebi aRar aris ..................................................................................................... 70momavlis garantad ..................................................................................................... 87qarTveli xalxis mtrebma saqarTvelos esroles, esroles muxanaTurad! ............................................................................................ 88

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r. xasbulatovis gancxadeba ganmarta saqa r Tve los respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav mjdomarem: .......................91raoden patarac unda iyos saqarTvelo, igi aravis ar miscems uflebas, rom elaparakos imperiuli diqtatis eniT! ..................................................................................................................93xorcieldeba uSualo agresia saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ........................................................................................................................... 97Cven yvelani pasuxismgebeli varT momavlis winaSe. Tu sakuTari TavisaTvis ara, Cveni xalxe bis gulisTvis unda davfiqrdeT imaze, Tu ra pasuxis gacema mogviwevs maTTvis. .................................................................................. 99saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris interviu saqarTvelos televizias .................................................................................. 103saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis mimarTva saqarTvelos mosaxleobisadmi ................................................................... 104 saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba ...................... 105gadarCenis gza Tanamoqmedebasa da TanamSromlobaSia .................................................................................................... 106eduard SevardnaZe: „didi madloba Tbiliselebs, mTlianad qarTvel xalxs, gansakuTrebiT ki axalgazrdobas!“ ...........................................................................................................110gadavarCinoT qarTuli kultura ............................................................. 111amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis prezidents, mis aRmatebulebas baton jorj buSs .............................................................114qarTuli mwerlobis kidev erTi aRiareba .....................................116saqarTvelo kisrulobs valdebulebas imoqmedos mxolod da mxolod Tanxmobis safuZvelze ..................................117Cven avaSenebT demokratiul saxelmwifos! .................................. 120mis aRmatebulebas baton rolan diumas, safrangeTis respublikis saxelmwifo ministrsa da sagareo urTierTobis ministrs ........................................................................................ 126mis aRmatebulebas baton icxak rabins, israelis saxelmwifos premier-ministrs ................................................................... 127mis aRmatebulebas baton fransua miterans, saf rangeTis respublikis prezidents ............................................... 128qveynisa da xalxis bedze pasuxismgeblobis SegnebiT ..... 129eduard SevardnaZe: meored mosvla .......................................................133molodinis, erTobis, Serigebis mZime dReebi ............................ 137

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Sexvedra saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWoSi ................................138sadili sapatio stumris pativsacemad .............................................. 140daixsomeT es dRe! ...................................................................................................... 145samoqalaqo mSvidobisa da erovnuli Tanxmobis damkvidrebis mizniT! ............................................................................................. 148am dReebSi wydeba Cveni yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi! ................ 154eduard SevardnaZem mouwoda afxazebs, qarTvelebs, yvelas – ar dauSvan mdgomareobis garTuleba ....................... 159eduard SevardnaZe: afxazi xalxis erovnul interesebs safrTxe ar moelis ................................................................... 162eduard SevardnaZe: yvelas mokavSire viqnebi, vinc saqarTvelos sikeTisaTvis, demokratiisaTvis ibrZvis! ................................................................................................................................... 164gaeros wevrebs Soris gasavrceleblad ........................................... 168saubedurod, yvela Cveni cda – qvakuTxedad davayenoT politikuri dialogi – jerjerobiT pozitiuri gamoxmaurebis gareSe rCeba .......................................... 169eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba ................................................................171Rrma sinanulTan erTad guliTadi madloba ............................. 172Tavidan aviciloT didi omi kavkasiaSi .......................................... 173Cveni ymawvilebis quCebSi gamofena ki ar ga arTulebs mdgomareobas, aramed gaalamazebs Cvens yofas! ..................... 175eduard SevardnaZe: aseT omebSi veravin ver imarjvebs – yvela marcxdeba ........................................................................ 179Telavis musikaluri festivalis monawileebs ........................ 187eduard SevardnaZe: Cven sruli safuZveli gvaqvs movTxovoT yvelas, maT Soris afxazeTis xel mZRvanelebsac, rom Seasrulon moskovSi xel mowerili xelSekruleba .......................................................................... 188ganuxrelad Sesruldeba! ................................................................................... 195„es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania dRes“... .................................... 197eduard SevardnaZe: im nawilebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic ar daemorCilebian SeTanxmebis moT xovnebs afxazeTSi, Zala iqneba gamoyenebuli... ............ 199eduard SevardnaZe: arCevnebzea axla damo ki debuli Cveni xalxisa da Cveni qveynis bedi .......................................................208me aq Camovedi, raTa saqarTvelosTvis ar damekarga dResdReobiT erTaderTi Sansi – memcno msofliosTvis Cemi qveynis imedebi da zraxvani, meTqva simarTle da uarmeyo sicrue ............................................................................................................ 213

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dadga dro, rom davadginoT faqtebi, mivceT Sefaseba yovelive imas, rac moxda................................................................................... 231rogor sWirdeboda igi Tavisufal saqarTvelos! ................234SeWirvebuli moyvasis erTguli, uRalato da saimedo Semwe .................................................................................................................. 235samZimris depeSa pavle aslanidis ojaxs ........................................236eduard SevardnaZe: Cveni diagnozi, rom saqar Tvelos winaaRmdeg SeTqmulebasTan gvaqvs saqme, gagraSi momxdarma movlenebmac daa dastura ....................................................237ruseTis federaciis prezidents baton boris elcins ...................................................................................................................244eduard SevardnaZis preskonferencia ...............................................245vaSenoT axali, demokratiuli saqarTvelo .................................247gaeros generalur mdivans mis aRmatebulebasbaton butros butros galis......................................................................... 303eduard SevardnaZe: xvalidan yvelam unda ig rZnos udidesi pasuxismgebloba qveynis mo mav lisaTvis .................304axla Zalze mniSvnelovania gavamarTloT medebi ................308eduard SevardnaZe: Cven yvelas erTi didi mdi nareRa dagvrCa gadasacuri da, mjera, er Tad gadavcuravT ........ 310qarTulad gamoica „Cemi arCevani“ ..........................................................315axali saqarTvelos saamayod! ....................................................................... 317Zlieri parlamenti ar gamoricxavs Zlier xelisuflebas ..................................................................................................................318eduard SevardnaZe: ruseTis jaris saqar Tve lodan gayvana normaluri, civilizebuli gziT unda gadawydes ............................................................................................................................322qveynisTvis am Znelbedobis Jams ............................................................... 325eduard SevardnaZe: qarTuli kultura yo vel dRiuri zrunvis sagani unda iyos da iqneba kidec ....................................326Sexvedrebi axalgazrdobasTan sistemur xasiaTs miiRebs ................................................................................................................................... 333Cveni erToblivi Zalisxmeva ueWvelad keTil nayofs gamoiRebs ............................................................................................................................. 335eduard SevardnaZe: axla saWiroa, rac SeiZleba swrafad dakompleqtdes xelisufleba, parlamentis struqturebi da dauyovnebliv SevudgeT CvenTvis saarsebo sakiTxebis gadawyvetas ............................................................. 336qveynis gaTavisufleba ar aris martooden droSis aRmarTva ..............................................................................................................................342

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eduard SevardnaZe: Cven yvelaferi unda viRonoT imisTvis, rom Rirseulad gamovideT afxa zeTis omidan, romelSic amdeni xalxi iRupeba .........................................349baton bil klintons ................................................................................................ 352baton jorj buSs ........................................................................................................ 353gaerTianebuli erebis generalur mdivans mis aRmatebulebas b-n butros butros galis ...................................... 354maradiuli poezia ..................................................................................................... 356eduard SevardnaZe: msofliom jer kidev ver gaigo, ras niSnavs eqstremizms Serwymuli separatizmi. am movlenas verc ruseTSi misces saTanado Sefaseba ............. 359eduard SevardnaZe: saqarTvelos dRes mravalprofiliani politika sWirdeba ...........................................364eduard SevardnaZe: Tu xeli ar gavanZrieT, araferi gveSveleba ..........................................................................................................................369ikvaleba qarTuli gza demokratiisaken .........................................374radikaluri gardaqmnebis gziT ................................................................379eduard SevardnaZe: afxazeTis avtonomia unda iyos namdvili, realuri, xolo misi xelisufleba – Tavisufali gziT arCeuli ............................................................................. 387gamocxaddes saxalxo moZraoba Tavdacvis fondis Sesaqmnelad! ..................................................................................................................... 391dialogi : saqarTvelo – italia ............................................................... 393Cven gulgrili ver viqnebiT imis mimarT, rac ruseTSi xdeba ................................................................................................................399eduard SevardnaZe: afxazi separatistebi namdvilad iyvnen SeTqmuli mixakisfer moZraobasTan da maTi aliansi eWvs aRar iwvevs ...................................................................................402eduard SevardnaZe: arcerTi nabiji ar unda gadaidgas Cveni erovnuli interesebis sawinaaR mdegod ............................409damnaSaveTa winaaRmdeg brZola dRiTidRe gamZafrda............................................................................................................................ 414mis aRmatebulebas baton v. s. Cernomirdins ruseTis federaciis ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomares ........................... 416wesrigis dasamyareblad ukve gadaidga pirveli nabijebi ................................................................................................................................ 417„darwmunebuli var, rom xval Cemi saqarTvelo ayvavebuli da bednieri iqneba“ .................................................................420ganixilaven samxedro kanonebis pakets ............................................427„iZulebuli var vTqva“ ........................................................................................432

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eduard SevardnaZis pasuxi „izvestiis“ kiTxvaze ............... 433droa, xma aRvimaRloT usircxvilo sicruis pasuxad! .....439eduard SevardnaZe: Cven umZimesi weli ganvvleT, romelic istoriaSi Seva rogorc yvelaze mniSvnelovani weliwadi demokratiuli mSeneblobis gzaze ........................................................................................................................................444eduard SevardnaZe: ..................................................................................................448saaxalwlo milocva .................................................................................................449eduard SevardnaZe: parlamentma bevri ram gaakeTa... ......450

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ZOON POLITIKONStrixebi eduard SevardnaZis portretisaTvis

eduard SevardnaZes (1928-2014) gangebam xangrZlivi

cxovreba arguna. is sabWoTa, komunisturi saxelmwifos

simwifisa da mixrwnilebis asaks moeswro da msoflio ko-

munisturi sistemis dasaflavebaSic gadamwyveti monaw-

ileoba miiRo. xolo sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg

srulebiT axal realobaSi _ „kapitalizmsa“ da „demokrati-

aSi“ cxovreba arguna bedisweram. man sabWoTa kavSirisa da

„postsabWoTa saqar Tvelos“ _ „Canasaxovani demokratiis“ _

qveynis moqalaqeoba gamoscada.

eduard SevardnaZis „patriarqis asaki“ SesaZleblobas

gvaZlevs Tvali gavadevnoT mTel mis cxovrebas, movxazoT

misi politikuri portretis konturebi, romelic ori

sistemis moqalaqeobis CarCoSia moqceuli.

filosofosma merab mamardaSvilma (1930-1990) Tavis

erT leqciaze Tqva: sabWoTa kavSiridan, iseve rogorc sa-

kuTari sizmrebidan, gamocdilebis gamotana SeuZlebelia.

merab mamardaSvils mxedvelobaSi hqonda is, rom sabWoTa

kavSiri adamianis gamocdilebis mravalgvarobas, mraval-

ferovnebas araTu ar aZlevda praqtikul gasaqans, aramed

adamianur gamocdilebaTa mravalferovnebis enobriv, nara-

tiul-Teoriul gamovlenasac borkavda. sityvebs sazrisebi

hqondaT gamoclili, is rasac omi unda aReniSna, „interna-

cionalur daxmarebad“ iwodeboda, „siyvaruli“ „seqsualo-

bis“ gareSe arsebobda, xolo „muSur-glexuri saxelmwifo“

yvelafers akeTebda imisTvis, rom adamianebisaTvis Sromas

yovelgvari sazrisi daekarga. is, vinc „komunistur rwme-

naSi“ iyo Cavardnili, marTlac cxovrobda mxolod ide-

ologiiT SemoRobil erTganzomilebian samyaroSi. magram

SevardnaZe ar iyo rwmenis adamiani, mas ar awu xebda indo-

qtrinebuli bodviTi aSliloba, is konteqstis adamiani iyo.

erT sistemaSi dagrovili gamocdilebis meoreSi ga-

datanas saukeTesod mxolod is axerxebs, visac sinamdvile-

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Si arc Zveli sistemis ideologiisa sjera da arc axliT

aris STagonebuli. mrwamsis, ideologiis, patriotizmisa

da istoriis msgavsi tvirTebisgan Tavisufleba eduard

SevardnaZes politikosisaTvis aucilebel im simsubuqes

da moqnilobas aniWebda, romelic yoveldRiuri cxovrebis

mRelvare da moulodnelobiT aRsavse okeaneSi curvisTvis

aris aucilebeli.

sxvagvarad warmoudgenelia eduard SevardnaZes dae-

Zlia Seqmnili viTarebis komikuroba, romelSiac sabWoTa

saxelmwifos `miZinebis~ Semdeg TviTve aRmoCnda: Crdi-

lovani ekonomikis warmomadgenlebs e.w. `delecebs~,

`cexavikebs~ da `kombinatorebs~, romelTac is ramdenime

wlis win komunistur saqarTveloSi sastikad devnida,

postsabWoTa saqarTveloSi Tvalsa da xels Sua `mewar-

meebad~ da `mrewvelebad~ gardaqmna moeswroT, xolo ko-

munistur inteligenciis mxarda Weril kanonier qurdebs

politikosTa, xalxis winam ZRolTa kverTxi aeRoT xelSi.

socialur struqtu raSi momxdari aseTi transformacia

mas aiZulebda `guSindelTa~ axali socialuri rolebi

seriozulad aReqva da axali viTarebiT mosargebleTa we-

sebis gareSe brZola ZalTa balansis politikiT moegvare-

bina. Tumca cxadi iyo, rom ZalTa balansis politika poli-

tikaSi Cabmul subieqtebsa da partiismagvar warmonaqmnebs

Soris konfliqtis racionaluri gziT gadawyvetas ki ar

uwyobda xels, aramed mis konservacias ufro uzrunvely-

ofda. da miuxedavad amisa, balansis politikas amofare-

bulma moaxerxa politikidan CamoeSorebina uaxlesi qar-

Tuli istoriis `Savi wlebis~ Semoqmedni: jaba ioseliani

da misi mxardamWerni.

mrwamsis dacvis wmindaTawminda ufleba man daubruna

komunistur inteligencias, romelmac zviad gamsaxurdias

mmarTvelobisas am uflebis dakargvis realuri safrTxe

igrZno da amiT inteligencias komunisturi reJimis mier

dawesebuli statusi da pativi aRudgina. am gvari moqmedeb-

iT eduard SevardnaZem inteligencias Zveli saTamaSo mis-

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ca xelSi, xolo politika inteleqtualuri bodvebisagan

gaaTavisufla.

eduard SevardnaZe erT-erTi pirveli iyo, vinc 80-ian

wlebSi mixvda, Tu „saiTken uberavda qari“ da yvelaferi

gaakeTa imisaTvis, raTa klimatis ganmsazRvrelTa wreSi

(politbiuros wevri, sabWoTa kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa min-

istri _ 1985) moxvedriliyo da amisaTvis ukve Zirmompali

sistemis yvela meTodi gamoiyena. xuTwledi gegmebis gad-

aWarbebiT SesrulebiT, „mavne tradiciebTan“ da korufci-

asTan brZoliT, „abaSis eqsperimentiTa“ da kidev mravali

sxva „sabWoTa inovaciiT“ kremlis TvalSi madli hpova.

politikuri qaris mimarTulebis gamocnobis alRo,

politikuri klimatis cvlilebebisadmi maRali mgrZnob-

eloba, tarosis SegrZneba mas platonis politikosis ide-

alTan, „gemis mesaWesTan“, aaxlovebda, xolo misi moqniloba

da gambedaoba (1978 wels qarTuli enis dasacavad gamarTu-

li mitingis mxardaWera, 1992, 1995, 1998 wlebis Tavdas xmeb-

Si emociuri mdgradobis SenarCuneba) nikolo makiavelis

(1469-1527) mier politikosisaTvis aucileblobad miCneuli

„lomisa“ da „meliis“ xasiaTis araCveulebriv sinTezs iZle-

oda. mas uxvad hqonda momadlebuli is Tviseba, romelsac

makiaveli virtù-s, zogadad „saTnoebas“, xolo politikuri

TvalsazrisiT, „Zalas“, „gambedaobas“, „Sromismoyvareoba/

siyoCaRes“ uwodebda. „TeTri mela“ _ diplomatiur wreeb-

Si misTvis Serqmeuli metsaxeli da Semdgom xalxSi farTod

gavrcelebuli _ misi politikuri portretis zusti ga-

moxatuleba iyo. eduard SevardnaZis mTavar Rirsebad unda

miviCnioT, rom mas Sinagani cxovreba ar gaaCnda da Tu gaaCn-

da, is srulebiT uCinari da ucnobi iyo sazogadoebisaTvis.

is uaRresad zedapiruli adamiani iyo am sityvis yvelaze

maRali azriT.

eduard SevardnaZis, rogorc politikosis pi rovnebas,

erTi SexedviT, kargad daaxasiaTebda cnobili germaneli

sociologis, maqs veberis (1864-1920) ori koncepti: mrwam-

sis eTika (Gesinnungsethik) da pasuxismgeblobis eTika (Verant-wortungsethik) (m. veberis moxseneba: Politik als Beruf, 1919).

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mrwamsis eTikis politikosi yovelTvis garkveuli mr-

wamsiT, misiiT, TeoriiT, gnebavT, esqatologiuri warmod-

genebiT moqmedebs. misi mTavari principia: „samyaro romc

daingres, Cemi Rirebulebebi unda ganxorcieldes“. mr-

wamsis eTikis safuZvelze moqmedi politikosebi TiTqmis

yovelTvis kargaven realobis, konteqstis gancdas da sab-

olood ise asruleben politikur karieras, rogorc daam-

Tavres jirolamo savonarolam (1452-1498) an, gnebavT, ad-

olf hitlerma (1889-1945).

sxvagvarad iqceva pasuxismgeblobis eTikiT moqmedi

po litikosi. is yovelTvis aanalizebs saWadrako dafaze

figurebis ganlagebas. misi mTavari kiTxvebia: ra SeiZleba

moyves Cems qmedebas? rogor moiqcevian sxvebi, Tu me am nabi-

js gadavdgam? Cemi qmedeba zians xom ar moutans sxvebs? mag-

ram ara! eduard SevardnaZe sinamdvileSi pragmatikosi da

eTikebisagan Tavisufali adamiani iyo. mas ar hqonda „ukvda-

vi codna“, ar cnobda ukvdav saxelebs, misi RmerTi iyo dro,

xolo misi devizi _ „axla asea saWiro“! Zalauflebis Teor-

itikosTa `Wkuis swavlebani~ (Tuki maTi arsebobis Sesaxeb

saerTodac icoda) mas usaTuod ironiuls Tu ara, mowyale

Rimils mainc mohgvrida; Rimils, romelic miliarders aqvs

xolme, roca ekonomikis profesoris leqcias ismens.

eduard SevardnaZis winaSe arasodes idga iseTi dile-

ma, rogoric konrad adenauers (1876-1967) hqonda. konrad

adenaueri erTgan ambobda: „...mag­ram­adamiani­bWobs,­gegmebs­

saxavs,­ da­ Semdeg­ raRac­ sxva­ Zala­ aiyvans­ mas­ da­ atarebs.­

vfiqrob,­adamiani­verafers­gaakeTebs­ukeTess,­Tu­ara­Tavi­

amarTvinos­am­Zalas,­raTa­gadaWras­yvela­didi­Tu­patara­

amocana,­ romelic­ mas­ daekisra.­ am­ amocanebis­ gadaWra­ ar-

sebiTia­adamianebisaTvis­da­aseve­arsebiTia­qristianisaT-

vis.­ magram­amocanebis­gadaWra­aseve­arsebiTia­politiko-

sisaTvisac,­Tumca,­Cemi­gamocdilebiT,­politikosebi­cudi­

qristianebi­arian.­me­Cems­Tavs­politikosad­miviCnev­da­ga-

movricxav,­rom­romelime­politikosi­am­wess­ar­emorCile-

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bodes“1. aq adenaueri erTmaneTs upirispirebs qristians,

romelic moralisa da mrwamsis Tanaxmad unda moqmedebdes,

roca konkretuli amocanis gadaWras cdilobs da poli-

tikoss, romelsac yovelTvis rodi aqvs fufuneba prob-

lemis mogvarebisas moralis sferoSi darCes.

zemoTqmulis sailustraciod ramdenime magaliTi ga-

modgeba: 1976 wels, sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi partiis

XXV yrilobaze, saqarTvelos komunisturi partiis centra-

luri komitetis pirvelma mdivanma, eduard SevardnaZem

aseTi sityvebi warmoTqva: „amxanagebo,­saqarTvelos­mziur­

qveyanas­ uwodeben,­ magram­ Cveni­ WeSmariti­ mze­ aRmosavle-

Tidan­ki­ara,­CrdiloeTidan,­ruseTidan­amobrwyinda,­amo-

brwyinda­leninuri­ideebis­mze,­saqarTvelo­samxreTis­Tbi-

li­respublikaa,­magram­WeSmariti­siTbo­CvenTan­Semovida­

CrdiloeTidan,­darialis­xeobidan.­igi­_­leninuri­ideebis­

siTbo­_­CvenTan­movida­istoriuli­saqarTvelos­samxedro­

gziT,­ruseT-saqarTvelos­gziT“2. dRes am sityvebSi advili

SesaZlebelia davinaxoT saqarTvelos oraswlovani tragi-

kuli arsebobis (da ara istoriis) konturebi. erTaderTi

arCevani _ xmeleTi, erTaderTi gza _ ruseT-saqarTvelos

samxedro gza da astronomiis uryevi kanonebis miTosuri

amoyiraveba rogorc saqarTvelos ususurobis metaforu-

li gamoxatuleba.

saukuneTa manZilze saqarTvelo mTas iyo mijaWvuli. mTa

icavda, inaxavda da amavdroulad qmnida qarTvelTa iden-

tobas; jer kidev ioane sabanisZe acnobierebda kavkasiis

damcvel, sazRvrisdamdeb (Tumca ki qristianobis Tvalsaz-

risiT) funqcias. „nerse... Sevida queyanasa mas Crdiloჲsasa,

sadaigi ars sadguri da sabanaჳჱ ZeTa magogisTaჲ, romel ar-

ian xazarni, kac velur, saSinel piriTa, mჴecis buneba, sisx-

l. Konrad Adenauer mit Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten dargestellt von Gösta v.Uexkül, 11. Auflage, Hamburg, 2009, S.27

2. citata e. SevardnaZis sityvidan sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi partiis XXV yrilobaze 1976 wels. gazeTi „komunisti“, 27 Tebervali, 1976.

14

lis mWamel, romelTa Sjuli ara aqus.“3 magogisagan kavkasi-

is mwvervalebi gvicavda.

magram saukuneebis Semdeg kavkasionis mTebi dakargavs

qarTvelTa damcavi kedlis funqcias. politikuri arCev-

anis iZulebis winaSe mdgari XVIII saukunis saqarTvelos is-

toriaSi mTa kidev erTxel gaxdeba politikuri gansja-ms-

jelobis sagani. saqarTvelos ukanaskneli mefe giorgi XIII

gaaRebs kavkasiis karebs da odesRac kavkasiis dagmanuli

karebidan saqarTveloSi axali „gogi da magogi“ SemoaRw-

evs. sabWoTa imperia am karebs rokis gvirabiT kidev ufro

mowyvlads gaxdis (mSenebloba dasrulda 1984).

ruseTis imperiisaTvis kavkasiis karebis gaReba qa-

rTvelTa mxridan ar iyo auwon-dauwonavi qmedeba. XVIII

saukunis qarTvelebi acnobiereben kavkasiis karis gaRe-

bis Sedegebs da safrTxeebs: „batono mefev da kariskacno

darbaiselno: rom aRebT kavkasiis karsa, SeiZlebTa Tvissa

drosa daxSvasa missa?4 kiTxulobs samefo karis Sekrebaze

erT-erTi didebuli (daviT CerqeziSvili). giorgi XIII-is

pasuxi Teologiur-esqatologiuri xasiaTisaa: „daxSva

karisa amis... iqmneba daxSva qristianobisa karisa; amisT-

vis jvari qristesi, romelsaca vesavT, iqmneba TviT mcve-

lad karisa, romelsaca TviT jvarcmuli maszed daxSavs da

ganaRebs dasacvelad mefobisa da mefeTa, odes TviT jer

iCens saWirod.“5 swored jvarcmulis saxeliT Semosulma

ruseTma saqarTvelo miajaWva kavkasias. is, rac uwin gvi-

cavda, gaxda kolonializaciis saimedo sayrdeni. is, rac

uwin gvifaravda, Cveni kulturuli da politikuri yofis

bediswerad gadaiqca.

mTa xmeleTia. mTas mijaWva niSnavs xmeleTs mijaWvas.

xmeleTi ki, gansxvavebiT zRvisagan, yovelTvis konservat-

4. platon ioseliani, cxovreba giorgi mecametisa, Tfilisi, federacia, 1936, gv. 117-118

5. platon ioseliani, cxovreba giorgi mecametisa, Tfilisi, federacia, 1936, gv. 117-118

3. ioane sabanisZe, habos wameba, qarTuli proza, wigni pirveli, Tbilisi, 1982, gv. 127

15

ul, Caketil da avtarkiisaken mswraf kulturas qmnis. zR-

vis aramyari stiqioni _ zRvaosnoba _ ki Riaobis da liber-

aluri Rirebulebebis, Tavisuflebis, sxvaTa kulturuli

normebis, adaTebis gadmoRebisa da sakuTaris sxvaTaTvis

gaziareba-gadacemis safuZvels ayalibebs.

zRva qmnis konkurenciis, Sejibrebis suliskveTebas,

mTa ki mas gaurbis. mTa Zmobis araformalur eTikas efuZne-

ba, is tradiciis toposia. dRevandeli saqarTveloc am

Zmobis eTikis toposSia darCenili, amitomac dResac mt-

kivneulad aRviqvamT legalur-formalur, daweril norme-

bze dafuZnebul mmarTvelobas. Cvens kulturaSi kanonis

logikas yovelTvis „Zmobis eTika“upirispirdeba. koloniis

pirobebSi „Zmobis eTika“ imperiis mier Tavsmoxveuli for-

maluri batonobisagan Tavdacvis kargi saSualeba iyo, ma-

gram damoukidebloba da misi Tanmxlebi eri-saxelmwifo,

upirveles yovlisa, kanonze dafuZnebul formalur-lega-

lur batonobas gulisxmobs. araformaluri „Zmobis eTika“

yovelTvis kolonializmis konotacias atarebs, masSi ko-

loniad yofnis mexsierebaa akumulirebuli, romlisgan ga-

Tavisuleba da romlis „daviwyeba“ dResac qarTuli saxelm-

wifos mTavari problemaa.

ruseTis imperias _ caristulsa da bolSevikurs _

swored zRvasTan Cveni urTierToba hqonda SezRuduli.

amitom koloniuri mexsierebisa da memkvidreobis gada-

laxva zRvis aTvisebiT da „mTis konservatuli kulturis“

„zRvis liberaluri kulturiT“ SecvliT iyo SesaZlebe-

li. amiT unda aixsnas „vardebis revoluciis“ mTavrobis

ltolva zRvisaken. „vardebis revoluciis“ mTavrobas sur-

da am mexsierebisagan gaTavisufleba. magram es Zneli amo-

cana aRmoCnda. „vardebis revolucia“ daejaxa „koloniur

mentalitets“: koloniad xangrZlivi yofna adamianebs sa-

kuTari intelqtualuri, sakuTari politikuri wesrigis

qmnadobis SesaZleblobis mimarT Rrma eWvebs uCens. xangr-

Zlivi monoba Tavisuflebis mopovebis Semdeg warsulis ro-

mantizaciis did safrTxes Seicavs. am safrTxes kidev ufro

16

aZlierebs qarTvelebis Rrmad monuri mowiweba ruseTis in-

teleqtualuri elitis (da ara mxolod) mimarT. e. Sevard-

naZis Semdgomi axali mTavrobis warmatebam SemaZrwuneb-

lad imoqmeda samoTxisa da Zmobis eTikis molodinSi myof

koloniur mentalitetze.

manamde ki SevardnaZes ruseTis bolSevikuri imperii-

saTvis unda emtkicebina, rom saqarTvelos mxolod erTi gza

aqvs: `istoriuli saqarTvelos samxedro gza, ruseT-saqa-

rTvelos gza.~

magram gaivlis wlebi da am sityvebis avtori erT-erT

interviuSi ityvis: „daaxloebiT­ 2005­ wlis­Tvis,­ anu­ Cemi­

prezidentobis­vadis­bolosTvis,­Cven­natos­kars­davukaku-

nebT.­ar­miTqvams,­rom­kars­gavaRebT­da­natoSi­SeviWrebiT.­

kargad­mesmis,­rom­ natos­wevroba­ qveyanas­ bevr­moT­xovnas­

uyenebs,­ maT­ Soris,­ SeiaraRebis­ momzadebis­ xarisxTan,­

ekonomikis­ mdgomareobasa­ da­ bevr­ sxva­ sakiTxTan­ dakav-

SirebiT.­ natos­ wevrobaze­ vsaubrobdi,­ rogorc­ Soreul­

perspeqtivaze­gaTvlili­strategiuli­kursis­Sesaxeb“6.­

eduard SevardnaZe araTu TviT iyo konteqstis adami-

ani, aramed qveynis axal saerTaSoriso konteqstSi moqceva-

sac cdilobda. misTvis srulebiT ucxo iyo izolacionizmi,

romelsac xSirad qadageben xolme axalgazrda, imperiidan

axaldaxsnili qveynebis liderebi. mas kargad esmoda, rom

saqarTvelos politikuri usafrTxoeba da ekonomikuri

keTildReoba qveynis saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi CarTvas-

Tan, am proeqtebisaTvis saqarTvelos geopolitikuri mniS-

vnelovnebis demonstrirebasTan iyo dakavSirebuli. erT-

erT Tavis gamosvlaSi is aRniSnavda: „aq­SevikribeT,­raTa­

vaSenoT­evropis­momavali,­iseTi­evropisa,­sadac­ar­iqneba­

gamyofi­xazebi.­evropis­kavSiris­egidiT­gamarTul­„aRor-

Zinebuli­didi­abreSumis­gzis“­qveynebis­istoriul­samitSi­

baltiis­saxelmwifo­_­poloneTic­monawileobda­da­baqos­

deklaraciazec­ aqvs­ xeli­ mowerili.­ am­ marSrutis­ mTeli­

6. „saqarTvelos respublika“, 1999 w., 2 noemberi.

17

monakveTebi­ ukve­ muSaobs,­ maT­ Soris,­ baTumisa­ da­ foTis­

Savi­ zRvis­ sxva­ navsadgurebTan­ damakavSirebeli­ saborne­

gadasasvlelebi­ da­ kaspiis­ adreuli­ navTobis­ milsadeni­

sufsis­axali­terminalis­gavliT.“7

„kavkasia­ rogorc­ geografiulad,­ aseve,­ kulturuli­

TvalsazrisiT,­evropis­ganuyofeli­nawilia.­evropam­ukve­

aRiara­da­ kanonierad­ scno­ kavkasiel­ xalxTa­ gulwrfeli­

swrafva,­ daubrundnen­ mSobliur­ garemos,­ Camoayalibon­

demokratiuli­saxelmwifoebi,­romelTa­uzenaesi­principi­

pirovnebis­ Tavisufali­ ganviTareba,­ adamianis­ uflebaTa­

da­erovnuli­umciresobebis­uflebebis­dacva­iqneba.­aseTia­

Cveni­xalxebis­uryevi­arCe­vani.“8

eduard SevardnaZis cxovrebis amgvarad gagebul ver-

siaSi advilad gasagebi xdeba misi pirovnuli transfor-

macia, romelic ironiulic iyo da seriozulic. 1992 wels

eduard SevardnaZe moinaTla da man naTlobis saxelad

giorgi aiRo9. amieridan igi ori saxeliT aRiWurva. misi

mxridan (da aramarto misi mxridan) es naTloba ironi-

uli qmedeba iyo, radgan mas damaskos gzaze momxdari sas-

waulis, savles pavled qcevis misteriis, ar sjeroda; da

seriozulic, radgan eklesiaSi man is socialuri insti-

tuti amoicno, romelic misi xelisuflebis ganmtkicebas

mxolod waadgeboda. naTloba mas usaTuod im dros gaax-

senebda, roca rekomendaciebiT aRWurvili ymawvili komu-

7. saqarTvelos prezidentis eduard SevardnaZis gamosvla saerTaSoriso konferenciaze: „baltia - Savi zRvis TanamSromloba: integrirebuli ev-ropisaken, sadac ar iqneba gamyofi xazebi“ : ialta, 1999 wlis 10-11 seqtem-beri // saqarTvelosrespublika. - Tbilisi, 1999. - 12-13 seqtemberi.

8. saqarTvelos prezidentis mimarTva evropis sabWos egidiT mimdinare seminaris „kanonmdebloba kavkasiis qveynebSi: ganxorcieleba da harmoni-zacia“ monawileebs // saqarTvelos respublika. - Tbilisi, 1999. - 16 seqtem-beri.

9. eduard SevardnaZe yovelTa qarTvelTa wmidanTa saxelobis taZarSi monaTla mama Teimuraz beriSvilma. misi naTliebi iyvnen: kaTolikos-pa-triarqi ilia II da poeti ana kalandaZe (1924-2008).

18

nistur partiaSi Sedioda (1948)10. sasikvdilo sarecels

mijaWvul eduard SevardnaZes erT anekdots miaweren:

„aRsarebis­ Semdeg­ mRvdelma­ mas­ suraTis­ gadaReba­ sTxo-

va.­ eqsprezidenti­ enTuziazmiT­daeTanxma­da­ aRniSna,­ rom­­

mRvdels­foto­aq­gamoadgeba,­mas­ki­_­iq.“

eduard SevardnaZis iumori da am iumoris politikuri

implikaciebi calke gansjis sagania.

eduard SevardnaZes stalinis Crdili ecemoda. mxar-

damWerTa TvalSi is stalinis msubuq reinkarnacias war-

moadgenda. `didi kaci~, `kaci, romelsac sakuTari samSob-

los masStabebi ar hyofnis~ _ qarTvelTa politikuri miTis

saTayvano personaJad qceuliyo. `didi kacis~, `samSobloSi

verdateulis~ figura xangrZlivad kvebavda qarTul na-

cionalizms da usaxelmwifoebrio kulturisaTvis kompen-

satorul funqcias asrulebda: `saxelmwifo ar gvaqvs, ma-

gram naxeT, ra bumberaz Svilebs zrdis qarTveli xalxi~. es

gaukuRmarTebuli siamaye edo safuZvlad sakuTari wesri-

gis Seqmnis uunarobas, sakuTari Tavisadmi undoblobas da

garedan `gamogzavnilis~ molodins. SevardnaZis figura am

modelSi srulebiT Tavsdeboda (sabWoTa kavSiris sagareo

saqmeTa ministri (1985), berlinis kedlis damangreveli). is

kvebavda mis politikur kapitalsac da misi, rogorc xeli-

suflis legitimaciasac uzrun velyofda.

eduard SevardnaZes politikosis sam aucilebel Tvise-

baTa _ neba, pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba da windaxeduleba/

sifrTxile (m. veberi) _ Soris Zalauflebis neba yvelaze

moWarbebulad hqonda. misTvis Zalaufleba iyo ara flobis

sagani, aramed procesis nawili. man icoda, rom SeuZlebelia

Zalauflebis „pyroba“, misi nivTiviT floba, radgan mTeli

socialuri samyaro Zalauflebis nebiT aris gaJRenTili.

10. e. SevardnaZes komunistur partiaSi miRebisas rekomendacia gauwia aRunik stefanes asulma piCikianma (komunisturi partiis wevri 1943 wl-idan) da mariam nestoris asulma daSnianma (komunisturi partiis wevri 1937 wlidan). e. SevardnaZes aseve hyavda mesame rekomendatori: Tbili-sis orjonikiZis raionis axalgazrdaTa leninuri komunisturi kavSiris (alkk) saxiT.

19

Zalaufleba yvelgan da yvelaferSia. zogs meti Zalaufle-

ba aqvs, zogs naklebi, magram metica da naklebic erTmaneT-

Tan interaqciaSi, procesSi iZens azrs. unda vivaraudoT,

rom eduard SevardnaZe sakuTar Zalauflebas yovelTvis

sxvaTa Zalauflebis fonze aRiqvamda.

politikosisaTvis oden virtù (Zala, gambedaoba, Sro-

mismoyvareoba/siyoCaRe) rodia sakmarisi. aucilebelia,

Fortuna-mac (bedisweris qalRmerTi romaul miTologiaSi)

gauRimos. politikis enaze „fortuna“ xalxis ganwyobas

niSnavs. iseve, rogorc SeuZlebelia qalRmerT fortu-

nas guneba-ganwyobis ganWvreta, aseve SeuZlebelia xalxis

cvalebadi xasiaTis gamocnoba. xalxis ganwyoba politiko-

sis bedisweraa. raze gabrazdeba xalxi, ra moewoneba, ris

gamo migatovebs _ iseve gamoucnobi da idumalebiTaa moc-

uli, rogorc qalRmerT fortunas wyaloba Tu mrisxaneba.

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi „xal xis-fortunis“ mudmi-

vi keTilganwyobis SenarCuneba politikosis dauZleveli

amocanaa. fortunam eduard SevardnaZesac umtyuna. man

ukve icoda, Tu ra erqva „xalxi-fortunas“ uzenaesi nebis

gamomxatvels. erT-erT interviuSi man Tqva:­ „mixeil­ saak-

aSvili­uaRresad­saintereso­da­perspeqtiul­axalgazrda­

moRvawed­mimaCnia...­amasTan,­isic­minda­aRvniSno,­rom­aspar-

ezze­gamovida­axalgazrda­politikosTa­mTeli­pleada,­rac­

did­imedebs­da­rwmenas­gvinergavs,­da­CemdaTavad­Zalasa­da­

energias­ar­daviSureb­imisaTvis,­rom­ramdenadac­SemiZlia,­

davexmaro­maT­am­zrdasa­da­formirebis­procesSi.“11­am si-

tyvebiT man, jer erTi, axal xelisuflebasTan TanamSromlo-

bisTvis gza daitova (`davexmaro­maT­am­zrda­sa­da­formire-

bis­ procesSi“); meore, `axalgazrda­ politikosTa­ mTeli­

pleada~ sakuTari politikuri kulturis memkvidreebad

gamoacxada; mesame, qarTul politikaSi xelisuflebis mSvi-

dobiani gadacemisa da politikur oponen tTa Tanaarsebo-

bis tradicias Cauyara safuZveli.

11. `saqarTvelom mtkiced daimkvidra msoflioSi swrafad ganviTarebadi qveynis statusi“ / eduard SevardnaZe ; Caiwera nato onianma // saqarTvelos respublika. – 1997. – 30 dekemberi.

20

mSobliur mamaTSi fexis adgmidan moyolebuli eduard

SevardnaZe arasodes yofila warumatebeli (Tu warmateba-

Si ZalauflebaSi mudmiv yofnas vigulisxmebT). praqtiku-

lad man yvela dabrkoleba gadalaxa, Tumca soxumis dace-

mam mas rogorc ara mxo lod politikoss, aramed rogorc

adamians Rrma tkivili ganacdevina. eduard SevardnaZis

saqarTveloSi dabrunebas misi momxreebi qarTul-afxazuri

urTierTobebis mogvarebas ukavSirebdnen, magram es molo-

dini ar gamarTlda. sabWoTa imperiis memkvidrem, axalma

rusulma imperiam eduar SevardnaZe Zveli idealebis Ra-

latis, SesaZloa, sulac borotebis imperiis dangrevaSi

miRebuli wvlilis gamo dasaja. mas aSkarad ar surda Ta-

visi patara da mravaltanjuli qveynis istoriaSi „afxaze-

Tis damkargavis“ saxeliT darCeniliyo. amitom politiko-

sisaTvis uCveulo gulwrfelobiT saubrobda afxazeTis

problemaze rogorc qarTvelebisa da afxazebis saerTo

satkivarze: „albaT,­aravis­epareba­eWvi,­rom­CemTvis­umZi-

mesi­ mtkivneuli­Tema­ _­ afxazeTia.­ ar­ arsebobs­ sikvdilis­

arc­erTi­forma,­garda­fizikurisa,­romelic­me­oTxmocdaa-

Tiani­wlebis­damdegidan­ar­gadametanos.­miuxedavad­amisa,­

Sors­ var­ SurisZiebis,­ samagieros­ gadaxdis­ cdunebisagan,­

Cemi­cxov­rebis­darCenili­wlebis­umaRles­miznad­qarTvel-

Ta­da­afxazTa­(iseve­rogorc,­qarTvelTa­da­osTa)­Serigeba­

mimaCnia~12.

afxazeTSi marcxze aranakleb mniSvnelovani saxelm-

wifo institutebis mSeneblobaSi warumatebloba iyo. edu-

ard SevardnaZe uZluri aRmoCnda kriminalTan da koruf-

ciasTan brZolaSi. praqtikulad, qveyana kanonmdeblobiT,

formaluri institutebiT ki ar imarTeboda, aramed marTva

adamianTa (moxeleTa) „keTilgonierebas“ iyo mindobili. mo-

qalaqeebs eqmnebodaT STabeWdileba, rom isini cxovrobd-

nen ara saxelmwifoSi, aramed antiutopiaSi, anarqiis sau-

12. saqarTvelos prezidentis eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba : xuTi wlis winaT soxumis dacemasTan dakavSirebiT // saqarTvelos respublika. - Tbilisi, 1998. - 29 seqtemberi.

21

floSi, sadac nebismiers nebismieri qcevis Cadenis ufleba

hqonda miniWebuli. am araformalur mmarTvelobas xalxis

mier misTvis Serqmeuli meore zedmeti saxeli _ babu _ ga-

moxatavda. es marTlac patrimonalur mzrunvelobaze pre-

tenziis mqone „babus mmarTveloba“ iyo.

paradoqsulad, am mTvlemare uZlurebidan daibada ax-

ali qarTuli saxelmwifo.

eduard SevardnaZem ver SeZlo axali qarTuli saxel-

mwifos Seqmna. `Zvelma tikma~ ver daitia `axali Rvino~.

balansis politika, romelsac is mimarTavda, Zalian hgavda

akvnis rwevas. `akvnis rwevam~ ki koSmarebiT aRsavse Rrma,

lamis leTargiul ZilSi Caagdo sazogadoeba. am Zilidan

gamoRviZebis erTaderTi saSualeba rCeboda: Zlieri Sen-

jRreva _ revolucia. asec moxda.

eduard SevardnaZe cxovrobda „politikisTvis“ da ara

„politikiT“. mas (piradad mas) ar ainteresebda simdidre da

fulis moxveWa. Zalauflebis iqiT misTvis sxva ufro maRali

mizani da Rirebuleba ar arsebobda. es misi „asketuroba“,

praqtikuli cxovrebis minimalizmi, mom xveWelobaze sruli

uari kidev ufro naTels xdis mis mTavar cxovrebiseul mi-

zans: iyo da darCe ZalauflebaSi.

mas ar surda wamebulis gvirgviniT Sesuliyo rome-

lime qrestomaTiaSi, magram, amave dros, is sulac ar iyo

araqrestomaTiuli tipi. is ar iyo uwinapro politikosi.

misi winaprebi orsaxa, TavCalmiani, gulzejvriani, imperi-

is warmogzavnili da misi msaxuri mefeebi iyvnen. eduard

SevardnaZem kargad icoda, Tu romeli xalxis mmarTveli

iyo da ra duRda misi xalxis gulisgulSi. mas sjeroda, rom

misi xalxis suliskveTebas Sua saukuneebSi SemuSavebuli

formula _ „iryevian, viTarca lerwamni qarTagan Zlier-

Ta“ _ gamoxatavda (arc Tu usafuZvlod) da isic icoda, rom

es formula TviT politikosisagan „rweva-ryevas“, mrwam-

sis uqonlobas moiTxovda. amgvari qcevis warmatebulobas

mas modisidento poetebisaTvis qalaqis prestiJul uban-

Si samoTaxiani binis gadacemiT piris amoqolvis praqtika

22

udasturebda. am fonze mas sulac ar sWirdeboda ideur da

mrwamsis mqone inteligenciis warmomadgenlebTan brZola

(Tuki aseTi vinme saerTodac arsebobda). es ukve misi saqme

ar iyo. ideurebs giJebad da marginalebad „samoTaxiangad-

acemulTa“ (inteligent-burJuaTa) kasta gamoacxadebda da

Caqolavda. uideoba da Rirebulebebisagan Tavisufleba

misi habitusis mTavari Semadgeneli iyo.

da mainc, mis cxovrebaSi iyo umTavresi Rirebuleba

da, vfqrob, rom es iyo ojaxi. arc komunistur epoqaSi da

arc Semdeg SevardnaZis saxels ar Sehxebia arc adiulteri

da arc misi piradi ekonomikuri interesebis dacvas Seu-

bRalavs misi saxeli.

dabolos, misi anderZis Tanaxmad, sakuTar saxlSi,

krwanisSi, dakrZales. am ukanaskneli aqtiT man kvlav „kon-

teqstis“ uzenaesobas gausva xazi: mas Tvalwin hqonda mag-

aliTi, Tu ra uyo „madlierma Taobam“ mTawmindis panTeon-

Si dakrZalul `revoluciis raindebis~ saflavebs, rogor

Camoxsna piedestalebidan mis winamorbedTa Zeg lebi.

ojaxi misTvis yvelaze daculi teritoria iyo. amitom

karieris dasasruls (2003 wlis 23 noemberi), xelisufle-

bas Camoxsnilma eduard SevardnaZem Jurnalistis kiTxvas _

„sad midixarT, batono eduard?“ mSvidi pasuxi gasca: „sax-

lSi!“.

emzar­jgerenaia­

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­erovnuli­biblioTekis­mecnierebis,­

kulturisa­da­samoqalaqo­ganaTlebis­departamentis­direqtori

ilias­saxelmwifo­universitetis­profesori

23

eduard SevardnaZe: „Cemi gadawyvetileba ar aris mxolod Cemi piradi arCevani“...

ssr kavSiris yofili sagareo saqmeTa ministri edu-ard SevardnaZe saqarTveloSi Tavisi gamgzavrebis wina dRes Sexvda Jurnalistebs.

„WeSmariti patriotizmi, sakuTari xalxis samsaxuri, misi interesebis dacva yvelaze ukeT vlindeba zogadsak-acobrio faseulobaTa praqtikul damkvidrebaSi“, – ga-nacxada man, roca ganmartavda im mizezebs, ramac ukar-naxa mas mieRo gadawyvetileba wasuliyo saqarTveloSi.

es gadawyvetileba, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – „ar aris mxolod Cemi piradi arCevani“. es SeTanxmebulia saqarTvelos mravali moqalaqis nebasurvilTan, iqnebian es respublikis xelmZRvanelebi Tu rigiTi adamianebi.

imedi maqvs, rom meqneba saqmiani kavSiri da TanamS-romloba saqarTvelos yvela jansaR ZalebTan respub-likis gadarCenis mizniT, erovnuli da erovnebaTSorisi mSvidobis damyarebisaTvis, Cveni qveynis Rirseuli Ses-vlisaTvis civilizebul saxelmwifoTa msoflio Tana-megobrobaSi, – ganacxada man.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­„Cemi­gadawyvetileba­ar­aris­mxolod­Cemi­pi-radi­arCevani“...­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­7­marti.­–­N41(314).­–­1­gv.

24

gancxadeba TbilisSi gamomgzavrebis win

eduard SevardnaZem guSin moskovSi gamarTul pre-skonferenciaze gaakeTa Semdegi gancxadeba:

– 7 marts, mivfrinav TbilisSi, Cemi samSoblos – saqa-rTvelos dedaqalaqSi.

mis farglebs gareT ganvlili Cemi cxovrebis wlebis periodSi arCevani me mekuTvnoda: me vamtkicebdi, rom Cavidodi saqarTveloSi, roca amas miviCnevdi saWirod, rom aravis SeuZlia xeli SemiSalos amaSi.

magram, rogorc yovelTvis, Cems pirad arCevans yov-elTvis vuqvemdebarebdi samsaxurebriv da moqalaqeo-briv movaleobas, situaciis gagebas da, rac mTavaria, xalxis neba-survils.

axla imis dro ar aris, rom vilaparakoT, ratom wamoi-Wra piradulsa da sazogadoebriv-politikur sidideebs Soris dramatuli winaaRmdegoba, vityvi mxolod, rom wlebis ganmavlobaSi Cemgan, rogorc ssr kavSiris maSin-deli sagareo saqmeTa ministrisagan, moiTxovdnen saja-ro mxardaWeras.

(itar-sakdesi).

gancxadeba­TbilisSi­gamomgzavrebis­win­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­7­marti.­–­N41(314).­–­1­gv.

25

eduard SevardnaZe: „me Camovedi imisaTvis, rom mklavebi davikapiwo da Cems xalxTan

erTad viSromo da viRvawo Cveni samSoblos gadasarCenad!“

[...]– Zvirfaso megobrebo! debo, Zmebo, Svilebo, SviliS-

vilebo, unda giTxraT, rom TiTqos sakmaod gawafuli var gamosvlebSi, diskusiebSi, magram axla laparaki miWirs, TiTqos burTi mebjineba yelSi. albaT, es aris gamoxatuleba da Sedegi imisa, rom garkveuli droiT ganSorebis Semdeg fexi davadgi Cems mSobliur miwaze. axla erTmaneTSia Serwymuli siyvarulic, mRelvarebac, tkivilic, pasuxismgeblobac... me bednieri var, rom Cems xalxTan var maSin, roca mas uWirs da uWirs Zalian. zogi ambobs, rom me Camovedi rogorc kerZo piri an stumari. es swori ar aris. pirdapir vityvi, rom Camovedi rogorc politikuri da sazogado moRvawe, Camovedi imisaTvis, rom mklavebi davikapiwo da Cems xalxTan erTad viSromo da viRvawo Cveni samSoblos gadasarCenad.

mogesalmebiT yvelas, TqvenTan erTad – sruliad saqarTvelos. me mivesalmebi im gmirebs, romlebmac gza gaukafes Cvens qveyanas demokratiuli, humanuri sazoga-doebis mSeneblobisaken. raoden Zneli iyo es gza, kargad etyoba rusTavelis prospeqts, Tbiliss, mraval Senobas, mraval ojaxs. qeds vixri yvela saxelis, im adamianebis winaSe, romlebic Seewirnen demokratiuli saqarTve-losTvis brZolas, uwinamZRoles Tavis xalxs am wminda brZolaSi.

me mivesalmebi muSebs, glexebs, saqarTvelos qalaqisa da soflis mcxovreblebs, romlebic qmnidnen saqarTve-los Zlierebis safuZvels. minda gansakuTrebuli siTbo gamovxato qarTveli axalgazrdobis mimarT. me vici maTi ganwyobileba. es SesaniSnavi axalgazrdobaa – Cveni ime-di, Cveni momavali. da me mwams, rom es Taoba aucileblad gaiyvans saqarTvelos msoflio civilizaciis orbitaze. me mivesalmebi Cvens qarTvel inteligencias, romelic

26

adre gamofxizlda da adre gamoafxizla Tavisi xalxi... madloba mas – saqarTvelos inteligencias qarTvel in-teligentebs.

mivesalmebi saqarTvelos yvela kuTxes – qarTls, kaxeTs, imereTs, gurias, samegrelos, aWarasa da afxaz-eTs, raWa-leCxums, samaCablos, svaneTs, mesxeT-javaxeTs, fSav-xevsureTs, TuSeTs... yvela mxolod imitom CamovT-vale, rom xazi gamesva, Tu ra, mniSvneloba aqvs dRes Cvens erTobas. vusurveb maT bednierebas da sixaruls, iarebis moSuSebas rac SeiZleba male. me mivesalmebi yve-la xalxs – Cvens Zmebs, vinc Cvens miwaze cxovrobs. minda giTxraT, rom Cven mZime brZola da Sroma gvelis. Zalian Znelia qveyana gamovides aseTi mdgomareobidan, romel-Sic dRes aRmoCnda. magram Cven es unda SevZloT. ra mai-medebs? Cven uamravi megobari gvyavs – rogorc yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebi, ise dasavleTis qveynebi, romlebic mzad arian daxmarebis xeli gamogviwodon am Znel da mZime dReebSi. eWvi ar mepareba, rom, Tu yvelani erTad viqnebiT, SevZlebT vuSveloT Cvens qveyanas.

mivesalmebi yvela politikur partias, moZraobasa da maT liderebs – xval-zeg SevxvdebiT, albaT, maT res-publikis xelmZRvanelebTan erTad. didi imedi maqvs, rom ragind gansxvavebuli msoflmxedvelobac unda gvqondes, Cven erTad viqnebiT am Znel dReebSi, raTa vixsnaT Cveni xalxi da avayvavoT Cveni qveyana.

[...]

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ „me­ Camovedi­imisaTvis,­rom­mklavebi­davika-piwo­da­Cems­xalxTan­erTad­viSromo­da­viRvawo­Cveni­samSoblos­gadasarCenad!“­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­marti.­–­N42(315).­–­1­gv.

27

arCevnebis Semdeg ufro advili iqneba res publikaSi demokratiuli struqturebis

damkvidreba

eduard SevardnaZis preskonferencia

saqarTvelosa da sazRvargareTis qveynebis maso-brivi informaciis saSualebaTa asze meti warmomadgene-li Seikriba 8 marts saRamos baton eduard SevardnaZis preskonferenciaze, romelic Tbilisis sastumro „metex-is“ konferencdarbazSi gaimarTa, miuxedavad imisa, rom JurnalistebTan am Sexvedras win uZRoda dRe, romelic aRsavse iyo konsultaciebiT droebiTi mTavrobis xelmZ-RvanelebTan, politikuri partiebis, sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis liderebTan, inteligenciis warmomad-genlebTan, eduard SevardnaZe mxned gamoiyureboda, mar-Talia, yoelive is, rac man moaswro enaxa da Seetyo re-spublikaSi politikuri da ekonomikuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, ar SeiZleboda mis saxeze ar aRbeWdiliyo didi wuxiliT, romelic gulaxdilad gauziara SekrebilT. man brZana, rom viTareba saqarTveloSi bevrad ufro mZimea, vidre igi varaudobda, Tu ver gaverTiandiT yve-lani, visTvisac Zvirfasia qveynis momavali, SeiZleba katastrofa moxdes.

miuxedavad amisa, aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem, md-gomareobas jer kidev ver vuwodebT uimedos, amaSi dag-varwmuna guSin gamarTulma Sexvedrebma politikuri partiebis liderebTan. isini, uklebliv yvelani mtkiced uWeren mxars saqarTveloSi demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobas. unda daviviwyoT Sinauri winaaRmdegobani da gaverTiandeT demokratiis sakeTildReod, romlis idealebs, ra Tqma unda, Zneli iqneba xorci SevasxaT Cveni megobrebis, yvela qveynis WeSmariti demokratebis didi daxmarebis gareSe. Seexo ra parlamentis momaval arCev-nebs, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom arCevnebis Semdeg ufro advili iqneba respublikaSi demokratiuli struq-

28

turebis damkvidreba, romlebic Cveni sazRvargareTuli megobrebis mxridan daxmarebis garantad gadaiqceva.

JurnalistTa kiTxvebis pasuxad eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom uaxloes dReebSi gaimarTeba saqarTvelos dax-marebis saerTaSoriso fondis prezentacia, mimarTvebi, romlebic Seicavs Txovnas daexmaron Cvens respublikas, gaigzavneba msoflios 60 qveyanaSi. mravali qveynis xelmZ-RvanelebTan winaswari saubrebi imeds gvinergavs, rom isini ganze ar ganudgebian Cvens gaWirvebas. ratom aris igi darwmunebuli, rom dasavleTis saxelmwifoebi daex-marebian saqarTvelos? ratom da imitom, rom yofili ssr kavSiris teritoriaze, kerZod, kavkasiaSi, stabiluri viTareba maTs erovnul interesebSi Sedis. saqarTvelos unda hqondes civilizebuli urTierToba yvela qveyanas-Tan, gansazRvravdes sagareo-politikuri urTierTobis prioritetebs imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom igi praqtiku-lad ori kontinentis Sesayarze mdebareobs.

magram amisTvis, xazgasiT aRniSna eduard Sevard-naZem, upirveles yovlisa saWiroa bolo movuRoT Sinaur konfrontacias, axla mosaxleobas didZali iaraRi aqvs, da iq, albaT, Znelia daadanaSaulo vinme, radgan, raki saxelmwifo ver aZlevs uSiSroebis garantias Tavis mo-qalaqeebs, isini iZulebuli arian TviTmoqmedebas mihyon xeli am saqmeSi. unda davamyaroT jerovani wesrigi, Sem-deg ki iaraRis CamorTmeva didad ar gaWirdeba.

eduard SevardnaZem upasuxa Jurnalistebis sxva kiTx-vebsac.

Tengiz­nikolaiSvili.

arCevnebis­Semdeg­ufro­advili­iqneba­respublikaSi­demokrati-uli­ struqturebis­ damkvidreba­ :­ eduard­ SevardnaZis­ preskon-ferencia­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­marti.­–­N42(315).­–­1­gv.

29

mis aRmatebulebas baton TurguT ozals, Tur qeTis respublikis prezidents

pativcemulo batono prezidento!qarTveli xalxi gulwrfel samZimars gicxadebT

Tqvens qveyanaze Tavsdatexili ubedurebis – miwisZvris gamo, rasac mohyva msxverpli, Zlieri ngreva.

gTxovT gadasceT Cveni Rrma samZimari daRupulTa ojaxebs.

e.­SevardnaZe.saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWo

T.­sigua.saqarTvelos­respublikis­premier-ministri

mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­TurguT­ozals,­TurqeTis­respublikis­prezidents­/­e.­SevardnaZe,­T.­sigua­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­marti.­–­N45­(319).­–­1­gv.

30

eduard SevardnaZe: „universitetSi vxedav mTel saqarTvelos, mas eniWeba unikaluri

roli eris erTobaSi, politikur stabilizaciaSi, ekonomikisa da ganaTlebis

aRmavlobaSi“

Sexvedra ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitetSi

am Sexvedras orive mxare eloda. rodesac gaivso eqvsaskaciani darbazi, studentebma Seavses derefnebi, kibis ujredebi da yvela Tavisufali adgili, romelic saaqto darbazs emijneboda.

savsebiT marTali brZana Sexvedris gaxsnisas uni-versitetis reqtorma, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa aka-demiis wevr-korespondentma, profesorma roin metrev-elma: „eduard SevardnaZe CvenTan stumrad ar mosula. masTan dialogi am gaWirvebis Jams yvela CvenganisTvis aucileblobaa“.

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti saqarTvelos RviZli Svilia, romelic ager ukve 75 welia Wapans eweva eris samsaxurSi. igi yovelTvis iyo qarTveli xalxis az-ris gamomxatveli, uSualod iyo CarTuli yvela politi-kur procesSi, yvela movlenaSi. saqarTveloSi erovnu-li moZraoba Tbilisis universitetSi daiwyo. aq aidga man fexi, aq davaJkacda da aqedan gavida did asparezze.

magram dRes, roca yofna-aryofnis zRvarze vdgavarT, roca iRvreba ZmaTa sisxli da rogorc haeri gvWirdeba politikuri stabiluroba, miuxedavad azrTa sxvadasx-vaobisa, universitets aerTianebs erTi swrafva – saqa-rTvelo iyos erTiani, damoukidebeli da demokratiuli.

es azri dedaboZi da qvakuTxedi iyo yvela profe-sorisa Tu studentis gamosvlaSi, es iyo laitmotivi eduard SevardnaZis sityvisa.

gaimarTa dialogi – gulaxdili, emociuri, mwvave. man

31

kidev erTxel daadastura, rom saqarTvelos ara hyavs gulgrili Svilebi, maT awuxebT Tavisi qveynis bed-iRba-li, eris wyluli miaCniaT Tavis wylulad.

Sexvedraze bevrma gamomsvlelma aRZra maTTvis saW-irboroto sakiTxebi. kerZod, iTqva, rom universitetSi meti yuradReba unda mieqces fundamenturi da gamoy-enebiTi xasiaTis problemebis kvlevas. Teoriuli Sede-gebis safuZvelze unda gafarTovdes bunebis movlenebisa da saxalxo meurneobaSi wamoWrili amocanebis modeli-reba da ricxviTi realizacia mZlavri eleqtronuli ga-moTvliTi manqanebis gamoyenebiT.

universitets esaWiroeba gacilebiT ufro Zlieri materialur-teqnikuri baza, axali laboratoriebi da aparatura. saWiroa gafarTovdes kontaqtebi msoflios wamyvan samecniero centrebTan, meti damoukidebloba Tavis saqmianobaSi.

bevri daeTanxma profesor mzeqala SaniZis azrs, rom saWiroa Camoyalibdes ganaTlebis globaluri koncef-cia, raTa saqarTvelo ar ganicdides profesionalebis deficits. Sexvedris monawileebis yuradReba miipyro istoriis fakultetis meoTxe kursis studentis giorgi maisuraZis gamosvlam, romelmac kerZod gamoTqva aseTi mosazreba:

– Cven vocnebobT im droze, roca Cvens universi-tetSi, rogorc es dasavleTis mowinave umaRles saswav-leblebSia, studenti TviTon airCevs Sesaswavl saqmes, airCevs profesors, romlis leqciis mosmenac surs.

gamoiTqva azri, rom universtitetis profesor-mas-wavleblebs unda gauumjobesdeT materialuri anaz-Raureba, vinaidan maTi xelfasi ufro naklebia, vidre akademiis sistemis TanamSromlebisa. Tavis material-uri mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad bevri maTgani TanamSromlobs komerciul umaRles saswavleblebSi, romelTa garkveuli nawili, samwuxarod, umaRlesi sas-wavleblebis profanaciaa. dRes saqarTveloSi arsebul 116 komerciul saswavlebels ara aqvs saTanado baza, ar yavs profesura da universitetis koleqtivs miaCnia,

32

rom amas bolo unda moeRos... Sexvedris monawileebma didi yuradRebiT moismines

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdom-aris eduard SevardnaZis sityva.

– universitetis darbazSi mTels saqarTvelos vxe-dav, – ase daiwyo man Tavisi gamosvla, – universitets eni-Weba unikaluri roli eris erTobaSi, politikur stabi-lizaciaSi, ekonomikisa da ganaTlebis aRmavlobaSi.

Tavisufleba, damoukidebloba mopovebulia. is, rac am bolo TveebSi moxda, erovnuli moZraobis axali Tvise-brivi gamovlinebaa, misi didi gamarjvebaa da am saqmeSi gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos studentebis didi roli.

kacobriobis ganviTarebis am etapze iseT erovnul moZraobas eqneba perspeqtiva, romelic miznad sazoga-doebriv-politikuri, ekonomikuri ganviTarebis yve-la sferoSi demokratiuli principebis damkvidrebas gulisxmobs.

dRes ori rame emuqreba Cvens damoukideblobas da Tavisuflebas – esaa eris gaTiSuloba da omi ZmaTa So-ris, erTis mxriv, ekonomikuri qaosi, meore mxriv, romel-Sic Cveni qveyana aRmoCnda.

erovnuli gaTiSuloba erovnuli sulis eroziis da-sawyisia. ZmaTa kvlam TviT erovnuli idealebis gaufa-sureba SeiZleba gamoiwvios.

rac Seexeba ekonomikas, aq eroziaze ki ara, namdvil gigantur mewyerzea laparaki. aqedan gamomdinareobs pirveli rigis amocana risi gadawyvetac mouwevs Cems qveyanas. – esaa davZlioT gaTiSuloba, gavaerTianoT mTeli Cveni xalxi qveynis Tavisuflebisa da damoukide-blobis SesanarCuneblad. namdvili TavisuflebisaTvis brZola axla iwyeba.

aravisTvis dasamali ar aris, rom saqarTvelos ekonomika iyo yofili sabWoTa kavSiris saxalxo-sameur-neo kompleqsis danamati. im dros sxvanairad ar SeiZle-boda. miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelo mainc axerxebda saW-iro ekonomikuri eqsperimentebis Catarebas, rac maSin arc ise ioli saqme iyo da ramac im periodisaTvis udaod

33

didi roli Seasrula Cveni respublikis ekonomikis Se-darebiTi damoukideblobisa da aRmavlobisaTvis.

dRes ki ekonomikis aRmavlobisaTvis saWiroa ufro radikaluri da ufro progresuli, Tanac gadaudebe-li reformebi: pirvel rigSi esaa mrewvelobisa Tu mi-wis privatizacia, mTeli ekonomikis gadayvana sabazro relsebze, warmoebis urTierTobaTa Tanamedrove forme-bis damkvidreba.

qveynis krizisidan gamoyvanis mniSvnelovani faq-toria demokratiuli struqturebis formireba. am TvalsazrisiT saxelmwifo sabWom ukve gadadga garkveu-li nabijebi, daiwyo konsultaciebi yvela politiku-ri partiebis warmomadgenlebTan am umniSvnelovanes sakiTxze.

miRebulia dadgenileba, rom arCevnebi gaimarTos mimdinare wels araugvianes Semodgomisa. arCevnebi ara marto da ara imdenad politikuri dapirispirebis are-nad unda iqces, aramed unda Catardes erovnuli erTia-nobis niSniT.

vacxadebT mTeli msoflios gasagonad – Cven Cava-tarebT namdvil demokratiul arCevnebs, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlobis meTvalyureobiT da kontrolis qveS.

momavali arCevnebis debuleba SemuSavebulia da am dReebSi mas ganixilavs respublikis saxelmwifo sabWo. arCevnebis Taobaze miRebuli dadgenileba gauadvilebs gare samyaros daamyaros diplomatiuri urTierToba Cvens qveyanasTan.

magram, iTqva amasTan erTad Sexvedraze, arCevne-bis Catarebis aucilebeli pirobaa politikuri stabi-luroba. unda daviviwyoT yvelaferi, rac iwvevs eris gaTiSvas, ganxeTqilebas, ZmaTa SuRls, vinaidan am brZo-laSi SeiZleba iyvnen mxolod damarcxebulebi, radgan nebismieri daRupuli Cveni sisxli da xorcia, saqarTve-los Svilia. unda daviviwyoT Zveli wyena, mimtevebloba qarTvel kacs odiTganve axasiaTebda.

34

ukve gadaidga pirveli nabijebi. saxelmwifo sabWos mier zugdidSi gagzavnilma delegaciam molaparakebisas miaRwia erTgvar sasurvel Sedegebs. imedia, rom samuda-mod Sewydeba sisxlisRvra.

eris erTobaSi udides rols Seasrulebs qarTuli eklesia da piradad Cveni sasiqadulo mamuliSvili kaTa-likos-patriarqi, uwmindesi da unetaresi ilia meore.

politikuri stabiluroba mogvcems saSualebas Ca-vataroT arCevnebi, romlebSic SekavSirdebian saqarT-veloSi mcxovrebi yvela erovnebis xalxi. pativiscemiT unda movepyroT avtonomiur formirebebs.

politikuri stabilurobis misaRwevad did rols Seasruleben yvela politikuri partiis warmomadgen-lebi, romlebic muSaoben an swavloben universitetSi. unda gadailaxos yvela winaaRmdegoba, pativi vceT az-rTa sxvadasxvaobas, droebiT daviviwyoT politikuri ambiciebic. arCevnebi unda gaxdes yvela politikuri Za-lis gamaerTianebeli platforma. dRes unda vifiqroT mxolod saqarTvelos erTobaze. yvelasaTvis cnobilia, rom moSlilia da dangreulia ekonomika, carielia saxelmwifo xazina, respublika ganicdis energetikul da sawvavis kriziss, sursaTis deficits. magram amas yve-lafers moevleba, Tu mivaRwevT sasurvel politikur stabilurobas, Tu avamoZravebT erovnul energias.

axali parlamenti, romelsac Cveni xalxi airCevs, ime-di unda viqonioT, SesZlebs gauZRves ers axali saqarTve-los SenebaSi.

qveynis demokratiuli struqturebis Camoyalibebasa da damkvidrebaSi, politikuri, ekonomikuri krizisis daZlevaSi ganuzomelia universitetis, misi profe-sor-maswavleblebisa da studentTa roli. istoriulad ise Camoyalibda, rom aq iRebda saTaves eris sasikeTo yovelive axali, progresuli ideebi da miswrafebebi. aseTsave imedebs amyarebs dRes saqarTvelo saxelmwifo universitetze, sxva umaRles saswavleblebze, mTels Ta-vis axalgazrdobaze.

35

dRes arenaze gamodis axali fena – erovnuli bizne-si. da aqac Tavisi sityva unda Tqvas universitetma. am dargis ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebelia Seiqmnas axali fakulteti, romelic gamozrdis saWiro kadrebs, urom-lisodac warmoudgenelia erovnuli ekonomikis aRmav-loba.

Cveni universitetis didi prestiJis saqmea zrunva mecnierebis ganviTarebisa da codnis SeZenisaTvis, es unda gaxdes misi erovnuli prioriteti. karCaketiloba da provincializmi TviTmkvlelobaa mecnierebisaTvis.

[...]

galina­Ciqovanisaqinformis­kor.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ „universitetSi­ vxedav­ mTel­ saqarTvelos,­mas­eniWeba­unikaluri­roli­eris­erTobaSi,­politikur­stabili-zaciaSi,­ekonomikisa­da­ganaTlebis­aRmavlobaSi“­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­21­marti.­–­N48(321).­–­1,2­gv.

36

kedlis aqeTa mxares

aris kedlebi, romelTa dangrevac sul ramdenime dReSi SeiZleba. qviTa Tu aguriT naSeni, isini advilad emorCilebian nebisyofisa da Zalis zemoqmedebas. magram arsebobs sxvagvari kedlebic, romelTa aRgva arc ise io-lia. ideologiis, undoblobis, SiSisa Tu warmodgenebis lodebiT nagebi, isini mkvidrad CaduRabebulan adamian-Ta cnobierebaSi, acalkeveben, aSoreben maT erTmaneTs.

am werils vwer Cemi mravali Tanamoqalaqis sax eliT, romelnic dRes yofili sabWoTa kavSiris nacvlad war-moqmnili damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebis teritoriaze cxovroben. advilad asaxsnel mizezTa gamo kvlavindebu-rad vTvli maT Tanamoqalaqeebad, radgan saerTo isto-riulma bedma ise dagvakavSira erTmaneTs, rom rRvevis stiqiac ki uZluria masTan; amitomac Cven kidev didxans gagvyveba am erTobis Zalis SegrZneba.

dRes politikaze naklebad minda vilaparako. am-jerad Sevexebi mxolod adamiansa da adamianurobas... qa-lebs, mamakacebs, bavSvebsa da moxucebs. swored iseTebs, rogorebic xarT Tqven. maTac xom TqvensaviT sWirdeba TanagrZnoba, pativiscema, siTbo da zrunva, cxovrebis ise mowyoba, romelic maT Rirseul saarsebo pirobebs Seuqmnis.

nebismieri msjeloba am Temaze abstraqtuli iqne-ba Tu ar gamoxatavs konkretuli adamianis beds; Tu ver xedav riTi cxovrobs, ra asuldgmulebs, ra uxaria, ra uWirs, rogor eswrafvis Tavisuflebas da rogor awydeba gulgrilobis kedels adamianis cocxali suli.

me es yvelaferi vnaxe da msurs Tqvenc daganaxvoT. am dReebSi Cems samSoblo saqarTveloSi – yofili sabWoTa kavSiris erT-erT respublikaSi, sasowarkveTas Cavxede TvalebSi da SemZra misma gardauvalobam, SemZra uimedo-bam da umweobam dedebisa, romelTac ara aqvT saSualeba Wiqa rZe uyidon Svilebs. umweobam moxucebisa, romel-Tac yovelgvari imedi gadaewuraT, magram yvelaze me-tad Semzara arabavSvurma sevdam, maTma arabunebrivma

37

Tvalebma, dardianma gamoxedvam. isini xom karga xania SeeCvivnen cxovrebas mudmiv SiSsa da siRatakeSi.

maT ver auxsni, rom ratom gadauara istoriis ul-mobelma borbalma swored maT bedsa da suls. ver daamS-videb msjelobiT im istoriuli procesis obieqturoba-ze, romelmac bolo mouRo msoflios ukanasknel imperias da ver mouwodeb moTminebisken im naTeli momavlis imed-iT, romlisTvis brZolamac SesaZloa maTi sicocxlec Seiwiros.

am dReebSi marto maTze rodi vfiqrob, Cemi fiqre-bi Tqvenc dagtrialebT. vixseneb ra yovelives, rac gava-keTeT berlinis kedlis dasangrevad, kontinentis gaTiS-vis Tavidan asacileblad, germaniis gasaerTianeblad, aRmosavleT evropis xalxTa gasaTavisufleblad, imisaT-vis, rom Tqvens sicocxles omis safrTxe ar damuqreboda, vfiqrob am safuZvelzec, romelsac yovelive amisTvis axla ixdian yofili sabWoTa kavSiris xalxebi, maT So-ris, Cemi xalxic.

valebs istoriis Tamasuqebis mixedviT qveynebi da mTavrobebi ixdian, magram amiT sabolood mainc xalxi itanjeba. es tanjva imdenad didia, rom ukanasknel zR-vars miRweulma SesaZloa mZlavri damangreveli dartyme-biT Tqvens mSvidsa da uzrunvelyofil samyaroSic hpo-vos gamoZaxili.

dafiqrdiT amaze da dagvexmareT siZneleebis gada-laxvaSi, Tqvenive Svilebis sakeTildReod xeli gauwo-deT xalxebs, romlebmac totalitarizmis uReli moiSores. uwiladeT maT Tqveni TanagrZnobisa da gulT-bilobis dovlaTis mciredi nawili. sxvagvarad rom vTq-vaT, xeli SeuwyoT progressa da keTildReobas.

samSobloSi CamosvlisTanave saqarTvelos aRor-Zinebisa da demokratiis fondi davaarse. bednieri viqne-bi, Tu Cemi megobrebi evropis qveynebSi da mTel msofli-oSi mxars dauWeren am proeqts.

dRes, rodesac kacobriobis erTianobis idea zeobs da ukedlebo da usazRvro msoflio iqmneba, mogiwodebT mospoT ukanaskneli gulgrilobis kedeli. nu gavemi-

38

jnebiT zRudeebiT da ukve daSlili kedlis Cvens mxare-sac gadmoixedeT.

mxolod mas Semdeg, roca davinaxavT am nangrevebis qveS moyolil politikur vakuums, ekonomikur qaossa da mravali adamianis yofis gaurkvevel mdgomareobas, Sev-ZlebT gadavdgaT Semdgomi nabiji yvela xalxis ukeTesi momavlisaken.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

kedlis­aqeTa­mxares­ /­ eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­2­aprili.­–­N53­(326).­–­1­gv.

39

werili iubilars

batono aleqsandre!

guliTadad gilocavT dabadebis saxelovan 90 wels. Tqven

didi wvlili SeitaneT qarTuli filosofiis fundamenturi

problemebis damuSavebis saqmeSi, gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa

Tqveni rusTvelologiuri gamokvlevebi, Tqveni monografia, ar-

aerTgzis gamocemuli, rogorc ityvian qarTvelologTa samagido

wignia.

Tqven brZandebiT studentTa araerTi Taobis sayvareli da

aRiarebuli leqtori. Tqveni aRsazrdelebi dRes warmarTaven

filologiur dargs saqarTveloSi. Tqven brZandebiT Tavis saqme-

Si Seyvarebuli adamianis, profesionalis gansaxiereba. araerT-

gzis momismenia Tqveni sajaro leqciebi Tu moxsenebebi „vefx-

istyaosnis“ sakiTxebze. Tqven arasdros gilaparakiaT mSralad da

ugulod.

rogorc ki „vefxistyaosnis“ gmirTa samyaros SeexebiT, Tqveni

emociuroba yvela qarTvelis guls xvdeba. Tu odesme dagvWirdeba

rusTavelis aforizmebis dammuxtveli, mamxnevebeli Zala, swored

axla sWirdeba igi Cvens xalxs. axla gvWirdeba saqarTvelos yvela

kuTxis iseTi erTianoba, rogoric es „vefxistyaosanSi“ gvaqvs.

gvwyuria is megobroba, Zmoba da keTilSobileba, rasac ge-

nialuri poema gvinergavda. Cveni yoveli codna sikeTis Sesaxeb

fuWia, Tu sikeTe ar gavakeTeT: „ara viqm, codna ras margebs filo-

sofosTa brZnobisa“.

batono aleqsandre, Tqveni xangrZlivi sicocxle metismetad

rTuli da cvalebadi cxovrebis qveyanaSi, aris keTilSobili da

patiosani kacis cxovreba. siyvarulze ukeTesi eleqsiri ar arse-

bobs. Tqven bevri sikeTis motana SegiZliaT Tqveni xalxisaTvis.

suliTa da guliT daglocavT piradad Tqven, TqvenTan erTad

im filosofiur samyaros, romlis Svilic da moZRvaric Tqven

brZandebiT, sicocxlis bibliur xangrZlivobas gisurvebT.

Rrma­pativiscemiT­–­eduard­SevardnaZe.

werili­iubilars­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­aprili.­–­N54­(327).­–­3­gv.

40

„SeiZleba wavago kidec, magram saqarTveloSi ardabruneba ar SemeZlo“

aTi kiTxva eduard SevardnaZes

rodesac baton eduards Sevxvdi, dasavleT saqa-rTvelodan SemaSfoTebeli informacia movida: qalaq foTisaTvis mimdinare brZolebis dros mTavrobis Sei-araRebulma Zalebma didi danaklisi ganicades: daiRupa 12 da daiWra 10 kaci. damxobili prezidentis momxreTa Soris danakargi kidev ufro meti iyo: daiRupa 19 da dai-Wra 50-ze meti kaci. yvela daxocili da daWrili erTi erovnebis, erTi qveynis moqalaqeni iyvnen. swored amiT daiwyo Cveni saubari saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sabWos TavmjdomaresTan.

– saqarTveloSi yovel cismare dRes iRupebian adami-anebi. ra RonisZiebebs mimarTavT sisxlisRvris Sesawyve-tad?

– diax, iRupebian, es sastiki realoba, didi ubed-urebaa, magram iaraRi, romelic dRes isvris, guSindeli datenilia. Tqven albaT mogexsenebaT, rom martis Sua ricxvebSi SevTanxmdiT or mopirispire mxares Soris ce-cxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. xelisufalni daTanxmdnen maqsi-malurad SesaZlo daTmobebs. samwuxarod, es SeTanxmeba daarRvia meore mxarem, da dRes xSirad gvixdeba saxanZ-ro razmiviT vimoqmedoT. aravis ar undoda seriozu-lad moekidebina xeli konfliqtebis mogvarebisaTvis, cdilobdnen Zalismieri meTodebiT gasuliyvnen fons. problema Zalze miSvebulia. miuxedavad amisa, raRacis gakeTeba mainc movaxerxeT. Seiqmna saxelmwifo sabWo. es aris droebiTi organo, romlis uflebamosilebac Sewydeba arCevnebis dRes, amave dros, dResdReobiT es aris ukve qveynis marTvis moqmedi meqanizmi. saxelmwifo sabWo xdeba aRiarebuli erovnuli instituti, romel-sac angariSs uweven saqarTvelos praqtikulad mTeli moqmedi politikuri Zalebi. sabWos kari Riaa yvelasT-

41

vis, vinc eris interesebs sakuTar politikur ambicieb-ze maRla ayenebs. Cven ganzraxuli gvaqvs gavafarTooT saxelmwifo sabWos Semadgenloba avtonomiebis, saqarT-velos teritoriaze mcxovrebi erovnuli umciresobebis warmomadgenelTa mowvevis gziT, raTa kidev ufro sru-lad gaviTvaliswinoT adamianTa interesebisa da Sexed-ulebebis speqtri.

me Sevxvedrivar TiTqmis yvela politikuri parti-isa da organizaciis liderebs, da vfiqrob, umTavresi Tanamoazreni varT. Cven gvaerTianebs erovnuli Serige-bis, demokratiuli gardaqmnebis ideebi, stabilizaciis interesebi, bunebrivia, rodesac arCevnebis samzadisis aqtiuri faza dadgeba, brZola gamwvavdeba. magram darw-munebuli var, igi ar gascildeba civilizebul, msofli-oSi sayovelTaod miRebul farglebs.

– Tqven mTeli msoflio gicnobT keTilgonier poli-tikosad, romelsac SeuZlia gadawyvitos urTulesi wi-naaRmdegobani mxolod da mxolod politikuri meTodeb-iT. arada, dRes Tqvens winaSe dadga Zalis gamoyenebis aucilebloba. niSnavs Tu ara es, rom Tqven xels iRebT sakuTar principebze?

– aramc da aramc, Cven swored rom politikuri meTodebiT vmoqmedebT, vurigdebiT daTmobebs, vTava-zobT kompromisul midgomebs, magram rodesac amis Sem-deg miRweuli SeTanxmebani irRveva da kvlav ikidebs fexs moraluri da fizikuri terori, Cven sxva gamosavali ar gvrCeba... ukve ramdenime Tvea blokirebulia sursaT-sa-novagis Semosatani gzebi, zaralma eqvs miliard maneTs miaRwia, respublika SimSilobis piras aris misuli. da nuravis egoneba, rom Zaladobis talRis azvirTeba ubralod daemTxva saqarTvelos aRiarebis gancxadebaTa seriisa da masTan diplomatiuri urTierTobis damyare-bis dawyebas.

yovelive es warmoadgens dawyebuli stabilizaciis porcesis CaSlis cdebs. Znelia awarmoo dialogi, rode-sac srola ismis, rodesac yvelaferi gaklia, rodesac upirvelesi amocanaa daaSoSmino da daamSvido adami-

42

anebi, arada, anarqiis parpaSis pirobebSi amis gakeTeba SeuZlebelia. dRes zog-zogebi cdiloben daagrovon qulebi politikuri demagogiis xarjze da axal xeli-suflebas metismet simkacresa da sisastikes abraleben. magram maT ar SeiZleba ar esmodeT, rom iseT viTarebaSi, romelic dRes Seiqmna saqarTveloSi, erovnuli Serige-bis ucilobeli winamZRvaria elementaruli wesrigi da disciplina.

– saqarTvelos winaSe wamoiWra urTulesi proble-mebi politikaSi, ekonomikaSi, erovnebaTSoris urTier-TobaSi. da mainc xalxs ufro metad awuxebs damnaSaveTa TareSi, gvawuxebs is, rom mosaxleobaSi dagrovda uamra-vi iaraRi, ar daadga saSveli SeiaraRebul formirebaTa sakiTxis gadawyvetas. ra gamosavalia Seqmnili situaci-idan?

– dRes es centraluri sakiTxia. zustad unda ganvsaz-RvroT, rogori SeiaraRebuli Zalebi gvWirdeba. unda davadginoT maTi ricxvi, xasiaTi, daniSnuleba. amJamad muSavdeba erovnuli armiis koncefcia. uaxloesi sami kviris manZilze mas saxelmwifo sabWos gansaxilvelad gamovitanT. es ucilobeli WeSmaritebaa – SeiaraRebu-li Zalebi TavianTi mudmivi dislokaciis adgilebSi unda imyofebodnen, da dasavleT saqarTveloSi rom ar garTulebuliyo viTareba, es asec iqneboda. Cven iZule-buli gavxdiT gamogvexmo isini wesrigis dasamyareblad, da rogorc ki dasavleTSi situacia kalapotSi Cadgeba, isini TavTavianT yazarmebs daubrundebian.

rac Seexeba iaraRs, mosaxleobaSi marTlac bevri, Zalze bevri iaraRia dagrovili, sinamdvileSi, zus-tad arc ki icis vinmem ra raodenobisa, winandeli xe-lisufalni xels uwobdnen iaraRis darigebas ukanono formirebebisaTvis TavianTi politikuri miznebis mis-aRwevad, bevrni mas moipovebdnen damoukideblad, arT-mevdnen milicias, samxedroebs, igi gaxda yidva-gayidvisa da spekulaciis sagani, gaCnda respublikaSi garedan, maT Soris, sazRvargareTidan iaraRis Semotanis nair-nairi arxebi. me bevri vifiqre am problemaze, gasagebia im ka-

43

cis wuxili, romelic iaraRs iZens, raTa daicvas Tavisi ojaxi, saeWvoa uaxloes xanebSi iaraRis CamorTmeva Sev-ZloT, aq, realisti unda iyo. imisaTvis, rom gadavWraT es problema, egeb Rirdes davakanonoT es iaraRi, gava-taroT registraciaSi. amiT Cven vuCvenebT adamianebs, rom vendobiT maT, da amave dros maTi pasuxismgeblobis imedi gvaqvs. aseTi wesi arsebobs dasavleTis bevr qvey-anaSi. am gziT Cven SevZlebT Tundac kontroli davu-wesoT mosaxleobaSi dagrovil iaraRs, xolo momdevno etapze ukve gairkveva, ra vuyoT mas.

– Cven viciT Tqveni pozicia TanamegobrobaSi saqa-rTvelos SesvlasTan dakavSirebiT. da mainc, ufro dawvrilebiT xom ver gvetyodiT, rogoria yofili kav-Siris qveynebTan, kerZod, ruseTTan saqarTvelos urT-ierTobis perspeqtiva?

– me prioritetul mimarTulebad mimaCnia normal-uri, partnioruli, ormxriv xelsayrel urTierTobis damyareba ruseTTan, kavSirSi Semaval yvela sxva saxelm-wifosTan. Cemi azriT, es ufro mniSvnelovani da perspeq-tiulia, vidre Tanamegobrobis wevroba. es urTierToba unda daefuZnos solidur saxelSekrulebo-samarTle-briv bazas, amasTan mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli momxdari cvlilebebi. ai maSin, darwmunebuli var, Cveni xalxebisa da saxelmwifoebis urTierTobaSi seriozuli problemebi aRar warmoiSoba. es esmiT sxva respublike-bis liderebsac. me vesaubre baton boris elcins, ruse-Tis sagareo saqmeTa ministrs andria kozirevs, rode-sac igi TbilisSi iyo Camosuli. Cven movilaparakeT, davaCqaroT aseTi fundamenturi SeTanxmebis momzadeba, davsaxeT sqema, moqmedebis Tanamimdevroba, da Sevude-qiT praqtikul muSaobas. me TbilisSi moviwvie ruseTis prezidenti da vimedovneb, rom am vizitis dros xels movawerT aRniSnul SeTanxmebas. Tu am mimarTulebiT vimoqmedebT, Cven mivaRwevT civilizebul, orive mxari-saTvis xelsayrel (nu SegveSindeba am sityvisa) urTier-Tobas. aseTi gaxlavT Cemi midgoma. sxva yofil mokavSire respublikebTan urTierTobisadmi, da es gacilebiT

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ufro rTuli amocanaa, vidre ubralod Tanamegobroba-Si Sesvla.

– TbilisSi erT-erTi pirveli gamosvlis dros, Tqven brZaneT, rom armia jerjerobiT saqarTveloSi unda darCes. magram cnobilia, rom bevr regionSi, sadac yo-fili sabWoTa armiis nawilebi imyofebian, amas Sedegad mohyolia daZabuloba da konfliqtebi. rogor aicilebs amas Tavidan saqarTvelo?

– ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrTan molaparakebi-sas me vTqvi, rom saxelmwifoTaSoris xelSekrulebaSi, romelic Cven unda davdoT, saWiroa, zustad ganisaz-Rvros aq dislocirebuli jarebis statusi, darCenis vadebi, samxedro mosamsaxureTa cxovrebis pirobebi, maTi ufleba-movaleobani, seriozulad aris mosafiqre-beli samxedro bazebis problema, maTi movla-Senaxvis pirobebi, Cven unda gamoviyenoT SeZenili gamocdileba, gaviTvaliswinoT sxva regionebSi daSvebuli Secdomebi. es emsaxureba rogorc saqarTvelosa da ruseTis, ise yve-la Cveni mezoblis interesebs, vfiqrob, qarTveli xalxi gagebiT moekideba am problemas da principulad dauW-ers mxars Cvens Zalisxmevas.

– dRes ukiduresad mwvaved dgas cxinvalis regionSi qarTvelTa da osTa urTierTobis mogvarebis sakiTxi. ra praqtikul RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebas apirebT imis-aTvis, rom am regionSi Sewydes sisxlisRvra da amasTan ar Seilaxos iqaur osTa da qarTvelTa uflebebi, saqarT-velos erovnuli interesebi?

– uwinares yovlisa, saWiroa gamoyvanil iqnes iqidan yofili ssr kavSiris Sinagani jarebis nawilebi. am re-gionSi maTi yofnis araviTari kanonieri, samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi ar arsebobs. mesame Zalis iq yofna mxolod aRizianebs adamianebs, aRrmavebs konfliqts, qmnis daZab-ulobas. ara mgonia, gagviWirdes am sakiTxis gadawyveta. aqa wesrigs unda uzrunvelyofdnen da icavdnen milici-is Zalebi, romelSic, sxvaTa Soris, qarTvelebTan erTad bevri osi msaxurobs.

45

magram umTavresi mainc is aris, rom mogvardes kon-taqtebi mSromel adamianebs, mezoblebs, soflebs Soris. am mimarTulebiT ukve mimdinareobs muSaoba. mimdinare-obs uxmaurod, uzarzeimod. aq yvelas gvmarTebs moTmine-ba, TavSekaveba. da ar iqneboda realuri, amocanad dagve-saxa am konfliqtis aTi dRisa Tu erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi gadawyveta. aseTi SeTanxmebisaken unda viaroT nabij-nabij. amasTan, xeli SevuwyoT am moZraobas fsiqologi-urad, ekonomikurad, ramdenadac es xelgvewifeba.

albaT, ufro konkretulad unda mivudgeT ltolv-ilTa problemas. marto qarTvelTa mxriv maTi ricxvi 20 aTass aRwevs. rac Seexeba ufro zogad problemebs, ker-Zod, am regionis erovnul-kulturul wyobas, isini mom-devno etapzea gadasawyveti. Seqmnili specialuri sam-Tavrobo komisia, romelic ukve muSaobs am sakiTxebze.

qarTvelTa da osTa urTierTobis normalizacia Sei-Zleba moxdes mxolod qveynis viTarebis saerTo stabi-lizaciis kalapotSi, Tu aseTi foni ar Seiqmna, Znelia viqonioT warmatebis imedi; rodesac stabilizacias mivaRwevT, maSin viswavliT erTmaneTTan gasageb enaze laparaks. aki normalurad vcxovrobdiT saukuneTa man-Zilze, da es tradiciebi dagvexmareba Znel situaciaSi.

– magram ara nakleb rTuli regionia afxazeTi. xom ar gqoniaT kontaqtebi afxazeTis axlandel xelmZRvanelo-basTan, raTa Tavidan agecilebinaT am regionSi afxazTa da qarTvelTa urTierTobis SesaZlo gauareseba?

– jerjerobiT kontaqtebi mxolod telefoniT mqon-da. SevTanxmdiT, rom piradad Sevxvdebi, magram aseTi SexvedrisaTvis seriozuli momzadebaa saWiro. me kar-gad vicnob am regionis specifikas, iq urTulesi prob-lemebia, romlebic dRes ki ar wamoWrila, aramed didi xania arsebobs. da mainc, Cven vpoulobdiT xolme maTi gadawyvetis gzebs iseT pirobebSic ki rodesac, rogorc axla vambobT, totalitarizmi sufevda. jer kidev samoc-daaTiani wlebis damlevs, rodesac afxazeTSi erovnebaT-Sorisma daZabulobam krizisul wertils miaRwia, bevri

46

moiTxovda jarebis Semoyvanas. mendeT, amis gakeTeba ma-Sin sul ar iyo Zneli. magram me kategoriulad uarvyavi es, vinaidan Zalis gamoyeneba iseT faqiz sferoSi, ro-goric aris erovnebaTSorisi urTierToba, verafers wyvets, da SeiZleba mxolod ufro Rrmad Camalos seni. darwmunebuli var, yvela problemas moevleba, Tu maTs gadawyvetas SevecdebiT mSvid konstruqciul atmos-feroSi. gonivruli, optimaluri gadawyvetilebis gamo-Zebna Zalian gagviWirdeba, magram sxva gza Cven ara gvaqvs.

– Tqven brZandebiT politikosi, romelic yvela Sesa-Zlo variants winaswar gaTvlis xolme da romelic mTeli Tavisi xangrZlivi karieris manZilze aSkarad arasdros ar gawbilebula. bevrni miiCneven Tqvens dabrunebas saqa-rTveloSi yvelaze riskian nabijad Tqvens politikur biografiaSi. xom ar fiqrobT imaze, rom amjerad SeiZle-ba xeli mogecaroT?

– diax, aseTi realuri safrTxe arsebobs. magram me arCevani ar mqonda. ase mikarnaxebda sindisi, moral-ur-zneobrivi principebi, romlebiTac mTeli Cemi si-cocxle vxelmZRvanelobdi, ra guliT unda gavdgomodi ganze imas, rac saqarTveloSi xdeboda. ra Tqma unda, politikuri sarfianobis mosazrebebiT rom mexelmZR-vanela, merCivna movbrunebuliyavi mogvianebiT, rode-sac yvela aqcenti gacxaddeboda da Zalebis ganawilebac gamoikveTeboda; magram me mimaCnia, rom rodesac qveyanas walekvas uqadis anarqiis da qaosis talRa, rodesac iR-upebian adamianebi, zozini dauSvebelia. unda vcdiliyav gamomeyenebina Cemi avtoriteti da gavlena imisaTvis, rom samSoblos davxmarebodi. marTlac, bevrs miaCnia, rom es iyo Secdoma, Zalian didi Secdoma, piradi inter-esebis TvalsazrisiT – es marTlac asea. magram, bolos da bolos, xom arsebobs movaleoba Seni eris winaSe, da arc patriotizmia litoni sityva. me ver gaveqceodi imas, ra-sac Cemi sindisi mikarnaxebda, da mwams, rom sworad mov-iqeci.

– dRevandel SevardnaZeze saqarTveloSi sul sxva-dasxva, xSirad polaruli azrebi gamoiTqmis. saxelm-

47

wifo sabWoSi Tqvens moadgiles jaba ioselians miaCnia, rom Tqven odnavadac ar SecvlilxarT. xolo saqarTve-los erovnul-demokratiuli partiis lideri, yofili disidenti giorgi Wanturia, piriqiT, darwmunebulia, rom Tqven dRes sul sxva xarT... romeli maTgania swori?

– erTic da meorec. kaci kacad rCeba sul sxvadasxva garemoebebSi, magram misi obieqturi aRqmisaTvis unda gaiTvaliswino drois realuri konteqsti. zogjer yofi-la, rom movrevivar garemoebebs, zogjer ki vera. magram me mudam vamjobinebdi nebismieri sakiTxis politikuri meTodebiT gadawyvetas. rac Seexeba msoflmxedvelobis Secvlas, vgoneb, es kargi unda iyos.

– saqarTveloSi Tqvenma mobrunebam bevri aRavso im imediT, rom respublika sul male aRorZindeba, gaum-jobesdeba xalxis keTildReoba. xSirad Tqven Semogyure-ben rogorc mxsnels, saswaulmoqmeds. xom ar gamZimebT am imedebis tvirTi, xom ar gTrgunavT?

– namdvilad mTrgunavs. me xom vici, rom yovlismZle ver viqnebi. guls miRrRnis eWvi, – SevZleb kia, Tundac nawilobriv. gavumarTlo xalxs es molodini, magram isic vici, rom Tu gaqvs gamocdileba da avtoriteti, maT So-ris, saerTaSoriso, uSurvelad unda gamoiyeno isini, raTa ixsna qveyana. arada, sakiTxi swored ase dgas – yof-na-aryofnaze.

me isic maimedebs, rom Cems ers bevri megobari hyavs ruseTSi, ukrainaSi, yazaxeTSi, mezobel saxelmwifoebSi, bevri megobari hyavs msoflioSi. vin icis, egeb swored es aris yvelaze didi simdidre da yvelaze didi rezervi.

da, kidev risi imedic masuldgmulebs: es aris Cemi xalxis sibrZne, misTvis damaxasiaTebeli TavgadarCenis instiqti. am ori faqtoris erToblioba mabedvinebs me, yovelives miuxedavad, optimisti viyo.

„izvestia“,­N82,­7-IV-92w.

„SeiZleba­wavago­kidec,­magram­saqarTveloSi­ardabruneba­ar­Se-meZlo“­:­aTi­kiTxva­eduard­SevardnaZes­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­aprili.­–­N59­(338).­–­2­gv.

48

baton eduard SevardnaZis sityva, warmoT qmuli baton hans-ditrix genSeris pativsacemad

gamarTul sadilze

12 aprils saqarTvelos respublikis mTavrobam sadi-li gaumarTa germaniis federaciuli respublikis vice-kanclers, sagareo saqmeTa ministrs hans-dit-rix genSersa da mis meuRles.saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem edu-ard SevardnaZem da batonma hans-ditrix genSerma si-tyvebi warmoTqves.

baton eduard SevardnaZis sityva

Zvirfaso hans-ditrix, Zvirfaso batono ministro! Zvirfaso barbara!me da nanuli bednierebi varT gimaspinZloT Cvens mi-

wa-wyalze, Cvens TanamemamuleTa wreSi. aq aris Cveni fes-vi da aq unda gavataroT Cveni danarCeni cxovreba. ra be-dic unda gvxvdes wilad, yovelTvis – WirSic da lxinSic – bolomde Cvens erTan viqnebiT. ase ineba gangebam, aseTia Cveni bedi.

rogor SevumsubuqoT Cvens qveyanas axlandeli mZime xvedri – es aris mTavari Cveni sazrunavi da sadarde-beli.

madlierebis grZnobiT vfiqrobT im adamianebze, ro-melTac Cveni qveynisaTvis sikeTe surT am Znelbedobis Jams da mzad arian megobruli xeli gamogviwodon.

Cveni guli siyvaruliT, siTboTi, ZaliT ivseba, rodesac Soreuli qveynidan megobrebis gamamxnevebeli sityvebi mogvesmis.

neba miboZeT, davarRvio diplomatiis erTi gardau-vali wesi da gagimJRavnoT Cveni im piradi saubris patara fragmenti, romelic ama wlis 21 Tebervals gaimarTa ve-nis germaniis saelCoSi. im dRes Tqven, batono vice-kan-clero, brZaneT: „yovel WeSmarit politikoss axasiaTebs Tavisi xalxis bedisaTvis gamaxvilebuli pasuxismgeblo-

49

bis grZnoba, da Tu am grZnobas ar uRalatebT, ramdenime faqtoris arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, Cven evropelebi, Sev-ZlebT Tqvens daxmarebas da Tanadgomas“.

CvenSi, saqarTveloSi, SevZeliT Segveqmna es faqtore-bi, roca xalxs gavacaniT Cveni miznebi, roca davadas-tureT rom demokratiis idealebis, evropisa da mTel civilizebul samyaroSi sayovelTaod miRebuli Rire-bulebebis, pasuxsagebi saxelmwifo-politikuri qcevis normebisa da standartebis erTguli varT. amis Semdeg saqarTvelo evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris wevri gaxda, igi cnes evropis gaerTianebis wev-rma saxelmwifoebma da sxva qveynebma da gamoacxades, rom masTan diplomatiur urTierTobebs amyareben.

did saidumloebas ar gavamJRavneb, Tu getyviT, rom TqvenTan erTad Zvirfaso megobrebo, amaSi xeli Segvi-wyves Cvenma sxva kolegebmac ingliselma, frangma, amer-ikelma, portugalielma, italielma, espanelma saxel-mwifo moRvaweebma, im politikurma wreebma, romelTa formireba „civi omis“ kedlebis ngrevis epoqaSi moxda.

magram Tqven pirvelma, sagangebod vambob, pirvelma inebeT es rTuli mogzauroba, raTa piradad dagedas-turebinaT, rom evropa da saqarTvelo erTmaneTis Sesax-vedrad daiZrnen. amis gamo maqvs zogi ram saTqmeli.

ZvelTaganve damkvidrda azri rom politikaSi ar arsebobs piradi urTierTobani, arsebobs mxolod erovnul-saxelmwifo interesebi. Cven vicavdiT am prin-cips da Cven Cveni saxelmwifoebis interesebisaTvis vi-brZodiT, magram am Znel SemoqmedebiTs, me vityodi, filigranul muSaobaSi, gaerTianebis sakiTxebis gad-awyvetis etapze, gulwrfeli piradi urTierTobac da-vamyareT, ramac mniSvnelovnad Seuwyo xeli Cvens qveynebs Soris ndobis, urTierTpativiscemis, megobrobis su-liskveTebis damkvidrebas.

da mainc, Secdoma iqneboda imis Tqma, TiTqos Tqven aq mxolod piradma megobrobam CamogiyvanaT. genSeri aRar iqneboda genSeri, an Tanamedroveobis gamoCenili diplomati da politikosi, germaniis „aRmosavleTis

50

politikis“ erT-erTi avtori da erTiani evropis ar-qiteqtori, Tavis am nabijs – saqarTveloSi Camosvlas – did saerTaSoriso-politikur mniSvnelobas rom ar aniWebdes.

venaSi imave Tebervlis saubrisas Tqven brZaneT, rom saqarTvelos SeuZlia Rirseuli adgili daikavos ev-ropisa da msoflios saerTo mozaikaSi, rom aqedan pa-tara, magram brwyinvale da mkvidri qarTuli fragmentis amovardnas SeiZleba didi usiamovnebani mohyves region-Sic da evropaSic. amiT Tqven saqarTvelo msoflio da saerTo-evropul konteqstSi moaqcieT, da es Seesabame-boda Cvens saerTo kredos, romelic Cveni TanamSromlo-bis wlebis manZilze SevimuSaveT: patara qveyanasac Seu-Zlia mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitanos didi politikis formirebaSi, Tanamedroveobis globaluri procesis gadawyvetaSi.

Cven xSirad vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs am bolo TveebSi da wvrilad vixilavdiT viTarebas, romelic postkomu-nistur xanaSi Camoyalibda. gansakuTrebiT gulmodg-ined vmsjelobdiT saSinao konfliqtebis problemaze, romlebic, Cveni saerTo azriT, safrTxes uqmnian saer-TaSoriso mSvidobasa da uSiSroebas. Tqven zogierTi ev-ropuli qveynisa da axalSobili Tanamegobrobis damou-kidebeli saxelmwifoebis magaliTs imowmebdiT, da am problemas sazRvrebis urRveobis TvalsazrisiT afaseb-diT. kargad maxsovs Tqveni sityvebi: „rac unda moxdes, sazRvrebi urRvevi unda darCes. Tu esoden didxans Sev-ZeliT evropaSi mSvidobis SenarCuneba, es swored imis nayofia, rom mtkiced vadeqiT am princips – ar arsebobs sazRvrebi, romelTa gulisTvis Rirdes safrTxe Sevuqm-naT xalxebis arsebobas“.

es samarTliania Cveni regionisTvisac. saqarTve-losTvisac, iseve, rogorc samarTliania ruseTisTvis da Tanamegobrobis sxva saxelmwifoebisaTvis. marTlac ce-cxls eTamaSebian is politikosebi, romlebsac terito-riebis gadanawilebis da sazRvrebis gadakeTebis zraxve-bi amoZravebT. gardauvali „dominos efeqti“ ara marto

51

SeZravs msoflios, aramed uwinaresad laxvars Cascems maTsave xalxebs.

me da Tqven yovelTvis vpoulobdiT Cveni saxelmwi-foebisTvis urTulesi sakiTxebis gadawyvetis yvelaze optimalur gzebs, dRemde mwams, rom germaniis gaer-Tianebam Tavidan agvacila kompresia, romelsac SeiZle-boda mesame msoflio omi mohyoloda, da gza gaukafa evropuli ideebis xorcSesxmas. Cven bevri gvisaubria momavalze: otavaSi, sadac Camoyalibda „2+4“-is meqa-nizmi, bonSi, sadac es meqanizmi amuSavda, parizsa da vaS-ingtonSi, sadac igi daCqarda da bolos moskovSi, sadac man sasurveli nayofi gamoiRo. Cven amaze vmsjelobdiT damoukidebeli namibiis dedaqalaq vindxukSic da Tqvens mSobliur qalaq haleSic, brestSic, sadac memorialur dafasTan, romelzec amokveTili iyo Cemi daRupuli Zmis saxeli, guli amiCuya Tqvens Tvalze SeniSnulma cremlma.

axla aq, TbilisSi brZandebiT, da Cven kvlav momaval-ze vbWobT, msoflios, evropis momavalze, saqarTvelos momavalze.

Cven varT qveyana amayi adamianebisa, romlebic xSi-rad Seupovar Seurigeblobas iCenen da udreki miznebi aqvT. zogi Cemi Tanamemamule xSirad kiTxulobda: „ra gaakeTa saqarTvelosTvis qarTvelma SevardnaZem sabWo-Ta kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa ministrad yofnis droso“. me pasuxi ar gamicia, magram axla, vsargeblob Tqveni aq yofniT da SemiZlia vTqva: „roca xels vuwyobdi gaTiSu-li didi eris gaerTianebas, berlinis kedlis ngrevas, aRmosavleT evropis qveynebis TviTgamokvevas da uke-dlebo da usazRvrebo kontinentis Seqmnas, me Cems xalxs vemsaxurebodi. evropasa da msoflioSi giganturi cvl-ilebebis procesi, es misi monapovaric aris, romlis sa-fuZvelzec germania gaerTianda, xolo saqarTvelom da-moukidebloba moipova“.

me SemiZlia aq damswreT vuambo, ra xSirad mekiTxe-bodiT Cems samSobloze, rogor gainteresebdaT misi is-toria, kultura, Tanamedroveoba, da ras gipasuxebdiT me. axla, roca aq brZandebiT, cota ram SemiZlia davumato.

52

evropam orjer Seaqcia zurgi saqarTvelos da es Cems ers erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobis dakargvad daujda. pirvelad es iyo 18-e saukunis damdegs, roca daxmareba sTxova evropel monarqebs da veraferi miiRo. meored, – Cveni saukunis ociani wlebis damdegs, roca gareSe Zalam gadaTela demokratiuli respublika. orjerve amaze Zvi-ri safasuris gadaxda mouxda ara marto saqarTvelos.

dRes, roca kvlav aRorZinda Cveni saxelmwifoebrio-ba, gvwams, rom amjerad evropa zurgs aRar Segvaqcevs. da amis saukeTeso dasturi is gaxlavT, rom Tqven aq Cems mSobliur miwa-wyalze brZandebiT.

demokratiisaken iseTi qveynis winsvla, rogoric amJa-mindeli saqarTveloa, ioli ver iqneba, magram sxva gza ara gvaqvs da mtkiced gadavwyviteT ar gadavuxvioT mas. Cven kvlav vadasturebT, rom evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamS-romlobis TaTbiris, qartia axali evropisaTvis, adamian-is uflebaTa saerTaSoriso bilis principebis erTgulni varT. Cven mtkiced uarvyofT Zalas rogorc konfliqtebis gadawyvetis meTods, vamkvidrebT dialogisa da kompro-misebis politikas, rogorc erovnuli mSvidobisa da Tanxmobis mSeneblobis mTavar instruments. es CvenTvis stabilurobis mTavari gzaa, arsebiTi wanamZRvaria im mi-siis Sesasruleblad, romelic saqarTvelos surs ikisros regionSi – iyos arqiteqtonikaSi mastabilizebeli kom-ponenti, aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTis, CrdiloeTisa da samxreTis, evropisa da aziis xalxebis, kulturebisa da religiebis erT-erTi SemakavSirebeli rgoli.

maSin Cvens mosazRvre qveynebs eyolebaT keTili mezo-beli, romelic aravis araviTar problemas ar Seuqmnis da sxvebsac daexmareba maTive problemebis gadaWraSi. maSin igi saimedo partniori gaxdeba yvela qveynisaT-vis, maT Soris da uwinaresad germaniis federaciuli respublikisTvisac. Cven gvinda TqvenTan Cveni urTier-Toba solidurad, mkvidrad da samudamod vaSenoT. amas araferi abrkolebs. Cveni xalxebi yovelTvis pativs sce-mdnen erTmaneTs. Cvens miwa-wyalze iqmneboda da yvaoda germanel kolonistTa Cinebuli meurneobani. axla Ses-

53

aniSnavi saSualeba mogveca axleburad davweroT Cveni urTierTobis matiane.

masSi ukve SeiniSneba pirveli mWevrmetyveluri striqonebi. Tqveni xelSewyobiT saqsoniaSi ukve xor-cieldeba proeqti „qarTuli saxli“. gaTvaliswinebulia germaniaSi menejmentis specialistTa farTomasStabiani momzadeba. dagvpirdnen, rom dagvexmarebian qarTuli erovnuli parkebis SeqmnaSi. Cveni megobrebi zaarland-idan humanitarul daxmarebas gvigzavnian. Cven vfiqrobT, da safuZvlianadac, momavali TanamSromlobis did gegme-bze, ekonomikaSi, politikaSi, mecnierebaSi, kulturaSi.

pativcemulo batono ministro!batonebo!dRes, roca CvenSi bevri ram pirvelad xdeba – pirve-

lad gmaspinZlobT TbilisSi, pirvelad gesaubrebiT ase, pirvelad aris isic, rom Cems dedaenaze mogmarTavT, min-da aRvniSno kidev erTi friad mniSvnelovani faqti. aq brZandeba batoni giunter dalhofi, romelic germaniis federaciuli respublikis elCad dainiSna saqarTvelos respublikaSi. man pirvelma miiRo Cveni Tanxmoba, rom TbilisSi daniSnuliyo elCad da xvalidan Cveni qveynebi diplomatiur urTierTobas amyareben. igi ucxouri qvey-nis pirveli elCia damoukidebel saqarTveloSi.

Tqven kargi winamorbedni gyavdaT, batono dalhof. amboben, rom jer kidev fridrix pirvel barbarosas gaucvlia elCebi qarTvel mefeebTan – giorgi mesamesTan da TamarTan, magram amJamad minda gavixseno uwinaresad elCi Sulenburgi. man TbilisSi daiwyo Tavisi diploma-tiuri kariera – germaniis generalur konsulad. imedi maqvs, roca saelCos Senobas SearCevT, gaukeTebT memori-alur dafas, romelzec amokveTili iqneba am didi ger-maneli patriotis saxeli, rogorc es gakeTda bonis fed-eralur saministroSi da germaniis moskovis saelCoSi.

keTili iyos, batonebo, Tqveni mobrZaneba Tbilisis am istoriul adgilas, vulkanuri TeleTis qedis Ziras, sadac odesRac migraciis gzebi gadioda da qaravnebi miemarTeboda.

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dae, gavacocxloT Zveli da gaviyvanoT axali gzebi qveynidan qveynamde, xalxidan – xalxamde, gulidan – gu-lamde.

amas vuZRvni Cems sadRegrZelos. me vadRegrZeleb da ayvavebas vusurveb agreTve Cvens guliTad urTierTobas.

janmrTelobas vusurveb germaniis federaciuli re-spublikis prezident baton vaiczekers da federalur kanclers baton kols.

bednierebas gisurvebT Tqven da Tqvens axloblebs, Zvirfaso barbara da hans-ditrix.

warmatebasa da sixaruls vusurveb yvela aq myofs.

baton­eduard­SevardnaZis­sityva,­warmoTqmuli­baton­hans-dit-rix­ genSeris­ pativsacemad­gamarTul­sadilze­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­aprili.­–­N60(339).­–­1­gv.

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saiubileo misalmeba bagrat Sinqubas

[...]didad pativcemulo batono bagrat!gulwrfelad msurs guliTadad mogilocoT s axelo-

vani samocdaTxuTmeti wlisTavi da gisurvoT mravalJam-ieri, bednieri da sisxlsavse cxovreba.

mapatieT, rom cota dagvianebiT gilocavT. magram Sfo-Tvisa da gansacdelis Jamsac ar gvaqvs ufleba erTmaneTs davugvianoT megobruli salami da keTili survilebi. swored aseT dros unda gvaxsovdes sikeTe da sikeTisaken mowodebac.

xSirad maxsendeba Cveni Sexvedrebi, roca saubrebis mTavari Tema wyenisa da mtrobis gareSe, gulisa da gonebis TanxmobiT qarTvelTa da afxazTa bednieri cxovreba iyo. erT miwaze, erTian ojaxSi Tqven da me vsaubrobdiT xalx-Ta sulier naTesaobaze, romelTa winaSec uZluria drois ukuRmarToba da viRaceebis boroti nebis xrikebi.

axla, roca Cveni saerTo simSvide darRveulia, winan-delze gacilebiT metad, imediT vfiqrob adamianebze, ro-melTa gonebas xelewifeba axlandel JamTa siavis daZleva. vfiqrob Tqvenze, Zvirfaso batono bagrat, vfiqrob enguris rogorc erT, ise meore napirze mdgar Tqvenebr mraval sxva adamianze. mwerlis niWi ver Seurigdeba gaTiSvasa da saz-Rvrebs, misi diadi misiaa SeaduRabos yoveli sikeTisa da mSvidobisaTvis, da arc erT moazrovne adamians ufleba ara aqvs Tavisi inteleqti gankerZoebisa da mtrobis samsaxurSi Caayenos. darwmunebuli var, Tqvenc ase fiqrobT.

swored amitomac gamovxatav Tqvendami survilebSi Cvens, gabedulad vambob amas, saerTo ocnebas im dReze, roca erTmaneTs mivulocavT uamindobis dasasruls.

gulwrfelad­Tqvenieduard­SevardnaZe.

saiubileo­misalmeba­bagrat­Sinqubas­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­maisi.­–­N86­(365).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: mjera, aRorZindeba saqarTvelo!

26 maiss, Cveni gaTavisuflebis did dResaswauls ver vx-vdebiT, samwuxarod, sadResaswaulo ganwyobilebiT. kalen-dris mixedviT dRes zeimi gvaqvs, magram ar ezeimeba Cvens guls. mZime mtanjvel fiqrSi varT Caflulni. gadauWarbe-blad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es aris fiqri yofna-aryofnaze.

xSirad mekiTxebian, sad aris gamosavali, gza xsnisa? an aris ki igi?

mwams, rom aris! mwams, rom SegviZlia gamarjveba! da axla imis Taobaze minda mogaxsenoT Cemi azri, Tu romel gzas davadgeT, romeli migviyvans taZramde.

pirdapir vityvi: vxedav or mTavar Zalas, or mZlavr burjs, romelnic, Tu ki daveyrdnobiT, usaTuod gadag-varCens.

pirveli burji aris warsuli. istoriulad saqarTve-lo axlandelze saSinel dReSic bevrjer Cavardnila, bevr-jer iavarqmnila gare da Sinaur mterTa mier, magram mudam axerxebda feniqsiviT mkvdreTiT aRdgomas. da warsuli imi-tom aris burji, rom masSi SeiZleba gasaocari sicocxlis-unarianobis saidumloTa amokiTxva.

erTi saidumlo, Cemi Rrma rwmeniT Semdegia: saqarTve-los saxelmwifoebriobis mTeli istoriis manZilze Cveni winaprebi aRwevdnen imas, rasac dRes veZaxiT socialur stabilobas. didi ilia, sagangebo xazgasmiT aRniSnavda am azrs (dRes Zalian xSirad, albaT, zedmetad xSiradac vawux-ebT upirvelesi qarTvelis aCrdils, magram ras izam, yovel nabijze gvWirdeba misi sibrZne). ilia Tvlida, rom erTi mTavari mizezi saqarTvelos ukvdavebisa, istoriulad iyo sxvadasxva wodebaTa warmomadgenlebis gasaocrad toler-antuli urTierTdamokidebuleba. am TvalsazrisiT Cveni istoria unikaluria. ucxoel istorikosebs, eTnografebs, folkloristebs dajerebac ki uWirT, rom qarTuli saxel-mwifoebriobis oriaTasxuTaswlovani istoriisTvis ucxoa revoluciebi, klasobrivi omebi, ramdenadme seriozuli socialuri krizisebi; rom Cveni klasikuri da xalxuri

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prozisTvis, poeziisTvis, simRerisTvis ucxoa mCagvrel-Ca-grulis brZolis motivi; rom saqarTveloSi arsebobda Zu-Zumteobis instituti – Zmebad izrdebodnen momavali bato-ni da momavali yma...

es fenomenaluri socialuri harmonia iyo erTi um-Tavresi ganmapirobebeli saqarTvelos ukvdavebisa. da Tu Cveni winaprebi antagonistur klasTa morigebas maT So-ris urTierTdaTmobisa da Tanadgomis miRwevas axerxebd-nen, dRes ra gvemarTeba?! dRes, roca Sida erovnuli ganx-eTqilebis arsebiTad araviTari politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri mizezebi aRar arsebobs, rad daverieT erT-maneTs?! nuTu mxolod imitom, rom yvelas mxolod Tavisi Tavi hgonia marTali, mxolod Tavisi azrisa da politikis gatana surs?!

Tu aseTi viTareba momavalSic SenarCunda, Tu ver mi-vaRwieT sruliaderovnul konsensuss, daviRupebiT!

saWiroa, pirvel yovlisa davmSviddeT. saWiroa, yve-la politikurma Zalam izrunos imisaTvis, rom wynar kon-struqciul atmosferoSi Caiaros winasaarCevno periodma. yvela politikur partias, dajgufebas aqvs normalurad funqcionirebis saSualeba da Tu politikosebic Sevqm-niT pirobebs, rom xalxma normalur viTarebaSi moaxdi-nos arCevani, aRar Secdeba xalxi, gaarCevs Rirseulsa da uRirss. amiT isic gairkveva, Tu visi politikuri gezia nam-dvilad erovnuli, namdvilad saWiro xalxisTvis.

darwmunebuli var, dRes is Zalebi awyoben eqscesebs, visac kargad aqvs Segnebuli Tavisi arapopularoba xalx-Si, vinc icis, rom mxolod mRvrie wyalSi SeuZliaT Tevzis daWera, mxolod uzurpaciis gziT SeuZliaT damkvidreba politikur asparezze.

saqarTvelos ukvdavebis meore saidumlod ilia Tvli-da imas, rom Cvenma winaprebma SeZles uaRresad brZnuli da humanuri ekonomikuri sistemis Seqmna. amaSic unda mivbaZoT winaprebs. Cveni ekonomikis yvela ubedureba dRes imiT aris gamowveuli, rom gamrje, iniciativian adamians uTvalavi Znelad gadasalaxavi da gadaulaxavi winaRoba udgeba win. nayofieri, SemoqmedebiTi Sroma SeuZleblobamdea gar-

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Tulebuli. am TviTmiznuri absurduli da, vityodi, ara-adamianuri winaRobebis daZleva aris saqarTvelos xeli-suflebis erTi umTavresi amocana. patiosan mSromel kacs araferi da aravin xels ar unda uSlides. xelisuflebis mZime saxelmwifo wmidaTawmida valia, gaxdes amis garanti.

kidev erTi didi sibrZne gvianderZes winaprebma – Cvens miwa-wyalze mcxovreb araqarTvelebTan Zmuri damok-idebuleba. ukanasknel xans am Zmobas, samwuxarod, Crdi-li miadga. Cveni regionis, kavkasiis xalxebs, odiTganve ganTqmuli urTierTgatanisa da megobrobis adaT-wesebi, TiTqos dagvaviwyda, rom SeuZlebelia bednieri iyos is, vinc maxlobels, mezobels ar usurvebs bednierebas. qarT-velebma unda SevZloT mxarSi amoyeneba azerbaijanelebisa da rusebis, somxebisa da osebis, afxazebisa da berZnebis, ebraelebisa da qurTebis, Cveni saxelmwifos yvela um-ciresobebis. unda SevZloT maTi ayolieba erTiani, Tavisu-fali, demokratiuli saqarTvelos mSeneblobaSi.

saqarTvelo ver gaimarjvebs, Tu ar moxdeba qarTvel-Ta konsolidacia, Tu ar aRsdgeba Cveni Zmoba araqarT-velebTan, Tu ar Seiqmneba dinamikuri humanuri ekonomika. amas gvaswavlis warsuli, erTi burji Cveni samSoblosi.

meore burji ki aris axalgazrdoba da mis Sesaxebac min-da vTqva oriode sityva. oRond cota Soridan movuvli.

garkveul istoriul mizezTa gamo, Cveni xalxi mraval sxva xalxTan erTad grandiozuli socialuri utopiisaT-vis brZolaSi aRmoCnda Cabmuli. am brZolam Seiwira ram-denime Taobis Zal-Rone, niWi, janmrTeloba, Tavisufleba, sicocxle.

represiebze aranakleb ubedurebad dagvatyda yovliswamleki, jojoxeTuri propaganda. mTeli Taobe-bi aRizarda yalbi idealebis Rrma rwmeniT. es adamianebi represirebulebze aranakleb tragikulni arian. siWarmage-Si maT gaicnobieres, rom daukargavT axalgazrdoba, mowif-ulobis asaki. mTeli ganvlili gzis mtanjveli gadafasebis aucileblobis winaSe aRmoCndnen isini. bevrs eyo gambedao-ba simarTlisTvis TvalebSi Sesaxedad da maT kvlav SeswevT qveynis msaxurebis unari. magram avangardi saqarTvelos

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aRorZinebisaTvis brZolisa SeiZleba iyos mxolod axal-gazrdoba, vis sulzec ar dautovebia iarebi mravalwlovan sicrues, SiSs, terors, monobas. mxolod axalgazrdebis xa-las suls SeuZlia winaparTagan Seqmnili umaRlesi Rire-bulebebiT srulad ganmsWvalva, mxolod axalgazrdobis usazRvro energias SeuZlia awmyodan warsulisa da momav-lisken xidis gadeba. Zvelebs ki, pirvel yovlisa gvmarTebs axalgazrdaTa saukeTeso warmomadgenlebis SemCneva, dak-valianeba, maTTvis saqarTvelos bedis TandaTan gadabare-ba. Cveni valia, davinaxoT axalgazrdebi, xolo axalgazr-debs evalebaT, Tavi dagvanaxon. dRes, madloba RmerTs, aqvT amis saSualeba; rac ufro metia problema, miT ufro far-Toa asparezi axalgazrda kacisaTvis.

... dRes bevri adamiani sasowarkveTamde mihyavs imas, rac irgvliv xdeba. garkveuli Zalebi wvaven skolebs, afeTqeben rkinigzis liandagebs, gvirabebs, eleqtrogayvanilobis anZebs. cdiloben moawyon blokada, gadaWran energore-sursebis arteriebi. samwuxarod, yovelive amas Cveni Ta-namemamuleni akeTeben. akeTeben imisaTvis, raTa maT mierve xelovnurad Seqmnili ekonomikuri problemebi politiku-ri miznebisaTvis gamoiyenon. es Zalebi garkveulad aRwev-en kidec miznebs. xalxSi izrdeba imedgacrueba. imasac ki gaigoneb, iqneb daberdao Cveni eri? iqneb qaosi, romelSic dRes aRmoCnda qveyana, zRudea, romlis iqiT daknineba da gadagvareba iwyeba?

ara da ara! me mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb – saqa-rTvelo gaaxalgazrdavebis, gajansaRebis mijnasTan dgas. magram, cxadia, aRorZineba TavisTavad ar mova. unda gamovi-CinoT sibrZne, simSvide da sikeTe erTmaneTis mimarT; unda daveyrdnoT Cvens saamayo warsuls, SesaniSnav axalgazr-dobas, mTeli Cveni xalxis did potencials da Tu SevZlebT amas, sul axlo momavalSi vigrZnobT sasikeTo Zvrebs.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­mjera,­aRorZindeba­saqarTvelo!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­26­maisi.­–­N88(367).­–­1­gv.

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cxinvali, baton torez kulumbegovs

20 maiss cxinvalis maxloblad momxdari sazareli danaSauli saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos miaCnia barbarosul, faSistul aqciad, romelic mimar-Tulia qarTveli da osi xalxebis interesebis winaaRm-deg.

Cven xalxebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli faSisturi de-struqciuli Zalebis uprecedento borotmoqmedeba ul-mobel saerTaSoriso dagmobas imsaxurebs.

yovel dones vixmarT damnaSaveTa gamosavlenad da dasasjelad. gulwrfel samZimars vucxadebT daRupul-Ta ojaxebs.

didad vwuxvarT, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobis del-egacias moklebuli aqvs SesaZlebloba TqvenTan erTad uSualod gamoucxados guliTadi TanagrZnoba daRu-pulTa ojaxebs.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­saxeliTeduard­SevardnaZe.

cxinvali,­baton­torez­kulumbegovs­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­26­maisi.­–­N88(367).­–­1­gv.

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saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr- korespondents mixeil daraselias

milocva

batono mixeil!guliTadad mogilocavT saxelovan 90 wlisTavs. xan-

grZlivi da nayofieria Tqveni mecnieruli moRvaweoba. Caisa da subtropikuli mecnierebis dargSi Tqveni wvli-li sayovelTaod aRiarebulia da ara marto Teoriulad. didia Tqveni wvlili soflis meurneobisTvis uaRresad mniSvnelovani sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi. Tqven samecnie-ro interess bunebis mecnierebisadmi did stimuls aZle-vda bunebis siyvaruli. unda vifiqroT, rom es Tqvenma garemomac ganapiroba. Tqven daibadeT da aRizardeT Cveni samSoblos erT-erT umSvenieres qalaq zugdid-Si. Tqveni pedagogiuri moRvaweoba maRali adamianu-ri TvisebebiT, keTilSobilebiT aris aRbeWdili. Tqven Taobebi aRzardeT mecnierebaSi. es adamianuri siTbo gansakuTrebiT sWirdeba Cvens xalxs dRes, urTules da gardamtex periodSi. gisurvebT didxans sicocxles, nay-ofier mecnierul Sromas. male moswrebodeT Cveni samS-oblos ayvavebas.

siyvaruliT­da­Rrma­pativiscemiTeduard­SevardnaZe.

milocva­:­mixeil­daraselias­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­res-publika.­–­1992.­–­26­maisi.­–­N88(367).­–­5­gv.

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sadili sapatio stumris pativsacemad

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWom da mTavrobam sadili gaumarTes amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo mdivans jeims a. beikers. sa-dilis dros respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavm-jdomarem eduard SevardnaZem da batonma jeims a. beikerma sityvebi warmoTqves.

eduard SevardnaZis sityva

batono saxelmwifo mdivano, Tqven SesaniSnavi dro SearCieT CvenTan Camosasvlelad.

saqarTvelo miesalmeba Tqvens aq yofnas Tavisi damou-kideblobis dabadebis dRes.

26 maisi didi dRea Cveni istoriisa. dRes saqarTvelo kvlav damoukidebelia – im politikis wyalobiTac, romel-ic bolo wlebSi msoflioSi damkvidrda.

orivem mas mTeli Zal-Rone SevalieT.didad moxaruli var vTqva aq, rom am wlebis ganmavloba-

Si mxardamxar videqiT da Cvens kolegebTan erTad xels vu-wyobdiT udides pozitiur gardaqmnebs msoflioSi.

Cemi samyaro dRes da samaradJamod saqarTveloa. mcire-ca da usasruloc erTdroulad. wveTi, romelSic okeane irekleba. kacobriobis Tanamedrove qartexilTa okeane. prizma, romelSic Tavs iyris yovelive danarCeni.

magram amasTan davisaxeT is orientirebi, romlebiTac mTeli civilizebuli msoflio xelmZRvanelobs. saqarTve-lo, sayovelTaod aRiarebuli principis Tanaxmad, cnobs arsebuli sazRvrebis xelSeuxeblobas. saTqmeli da sada-vo (arcTu usafuZvlo) Cvenca gvaqvs, magram migvaCnia, rom yoveli cda sazRvris gadasinjvisa (miT umetes – Zalismieri meTodebiT) damRupvelia, upirvelesad – TviT agresori-saTvis.

axla Cven mZime droSi vcxovrobT. Cveni saxelmwifoe-brivi damoukidebloba axla yalibdeba da Cvens Tavisufle-bas uamravi safrTxe emuqreba.

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Cven davadeqiT saSinao problemebis mSvidobiani, poli-tikuri meTodebiT gadaWris kurss. es bevrad ufro Znelia, vidre Zalismieri moqmedeba. kacma rom Tqvas, es uZnelesi gzaa, magram nebismieri sxva gza uperspeqtivoa. cdiloben Tavs mogvaxvion sxvagvari ram, lamoben CaSalon samSvidobo procesi, laxvars gvcemen zurgSi. Cven dRes Zalian gviWirs, magram ar vkargavT imeds da gvwams Cveni momavali. Cveni ime-dia Cveni xalxi da misi megobrebi. Cvens rwmenas isini gangvi-mtkiceben.

saqarTveloSi rom gmaspinZlobT Tqven, Cvens erT-erT yvelaze erTgul megobars, msoflioSi aRiarebul poli-tikoss, maxsendeba Cveni Sexvedrebi evropasa da amerikaSi, aziasa da afrikaSi, magram es pirveli Cveni Sexvedraa aq.

winaT es ver moxerxdeboda. kargad cnobili mizezebis gamo me ar SemeZlo, Tqven ki ar gsurT.

axla ki, bolos da bolos, moxda is, razec araerTgzis gvisaubria. ver vixseneb Cvens verc erT Sexvedras, rom ar gvelaparakos saqarTveloze da Tqvens aq SesaZlo Camo-brZanebaze. Tqvens mSobliur qalaq hiustonSic, dedaTqve-nis saxlSic ki amaze vsaubrobdiT.

Semdeg araerTxel mifiqria, rodis damibrunebdiT vals.es mxolod mas Semdeg moxda, rac Cemi samSoblo demokra-

tiuli ganviTarebis gzas daadga.axla bari-bars varT, Tumca gulaxdilad getyviT, Tqve-

ni CamobrZaneba TbilisSi gacilebiT ufro metad fasobs, vidre Cemi stumroba hiustonSi 1990 wlis dekemberSi.

Tqveni CamobrZaneba saqarTveloSi ubralo diploma-tiuri viziti ki ara, politikuri gancxadebaa. gancxadeba, rom msoflios udidesi saxelmwifo mxars uWers saqarTve-los im Zalebs; romlebic iRvwian WeSmariti damoukide-blobisaTvis, realuri demokratiuli institutebiT da Zlieri Tavisufali ekonomikiT, adamianis uflebaTa da erovnul umciresobaTa Rirsebis realuri dacviT rom aris garantirebuli. im Zalebs, romlebic iRvwian Tavisufali saerTo-erovnuli arCevnebisTvis, mxars uWeren Tavisufal sabazro ekonomikas, samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da samarT-lebrivi saxelmwifos Seqmnas.

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es gancxadebaa imaT mxardasaWerad, visac gulmxur-valed surs, rom saqarTvelom Rirseuli adgili daikavos msoflio gaerTianebaSi, erTa ojaxis pativcemuli wevri gaxdes.

amisken savali gza erTia – demokratia – Zneli da grZeli gza. demokratia erTbaSad rodi mkvidrdeba iq, sadac didx-ans batonobda totalitarizmi. es aris gza axali Segnebis Camoyalibebisa, demokratia im adamianTa wyobilebaa, rom-lebic Rirseul arCevans akeTeben. demokratiuli sazoga-doeba ar arsebobs demokratiuli, Tavisufali pirovnebis gareSe. es Tqveni didi Tanamemamulis Tomas jefersonis idealia da sanam es ideali sayovelTao kuTvnileba gaxde-boda, amerikas demokratiul ganviTarebaSi bevri ramis ga-datana mouxda.

Cvenc gvelis mZime gansacdeli, magram far-xmals ar vy-riT. Cven mzad varT vibrZoloT saerTaSoriso urTierTo-baSi zogadsakacobrio RirebulebaTa damkvidrebisTvis, xalxTa Tavisufali arCevanis uflebisa da adamianis ufle-bebis pativiscemisaTvis, pirovnebis Tavisuflebis princi-pis aRiarebisaTvis, am wminda brZolaSi mzad varT gadavlax-oT, davZlioT yovelgvari dabrkoleba. roca xalxi giWers mxars, roca mxars giWeren iseTi politikosebi, gansakuTre-biT axalgazrdebi, rogorebic Cvens saxelmwifo sabWoSi da mTavrobaSi arian Tavmoyrili, roca grZnob Tqvens mx-ardaWeras, jim, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis Tanadgomas, gjera, rom es principebi Sens miwa-wyalzec gaimarjvebs.

Cveni samyaro saqarTveloa, mxolod im gagebiT, rom Cve-ni samSoblosTvis adgils veZebT did, zogadsakacobrio samyaroSi. gulmodgined vakvirdebiT mas, vxedavT saocar cvlilebebs ukeTesobisken, magram imavdroulad axal sa-SiSroebasac, axal gamowvevebsac vgrZnobT.

maT pasuxi unda gascen ara marto iseTma gigantma, ro-goric amerikis SeerTebuli Statebia.

iqneb, Cemi qveynisTvis isini ufro mkacri da SemaSfoTe-belic iyos, vidre ZlierTaTvis ama qveynisa.

totalitaruli reJimebis msxvrevam, mesianuri ideol-ogiebis kraxma, Zalis uflebaze dafuZnebuli imperiebis

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aRsasrulma Seqmna vakuumi, romelSic axali, damangreveli stiqiebi SeiWra. iqmneba konfliqtebis axali kerebi, romel-Ta mowesrigeba tradiciuli saSualebebiT ver xerxdeba.

saqarTvelo umwvavesi konfliqtebis zonaSia. mis ter-itoriaze gaCaRebuli konfliqtebi safrTxes uqmnis ara marto mis mTlianobas, aramed aq mcxovrebi xalxebis TviT arsebobasac. amave dros mis sazRvrebTan iseTi konfliq-ti feTqavs, romelic SeiZleba mTel regions moedos da me-zoblebsac miswvdes. ase warmoiqmna SfoTianobis yulfi, romelsac SeuZlia mTeli regioni moaSTos.

„aRmosavleT-dasavleTis“ dapirispireba SeiZleba dagvibrundes axali iersaxiT, axla ukve sarwmunoebrivi SuRliT. „CrdiloeT-samxreTis“ RerZis winaaRmdegobasTan erTad msoflio miiRebs gigantur detonators. didia imis riski, rom igi amoqmeddeba kavkasiaSi, mometebuli seismur-obis regionSi.

ras daupirispirebs amas saqarTvelo, romelsac Tavad daatyda Tavs bunebrivi da politikuri miwisZvrebi?

darwmunebuli var, rom Cvens qveyanas Tavisi unikaluri geopolitikuri mdebareobiT da erTiani saxelmwifos far-glebSi xalxTa, kulturaTa, religiaTa mSvidobiani Tanacx-ovrebis mravalsaukunovani gamocdilebiT SeuZlia bevri ram argos mSvidobas. gvinda regionis cxovrebaSi Sevita-noT dialogis, gulwrfelobis, ndobis elementebi. Cvens rols amaSic vxedavT, rom davanaxvoT Cvens mezoblebs – Ta-namSromloba SesaZlebelia. mSvidobasa da siamtkbilobas xels unda uwyobdes saerTo interesebi iseTi proeqtebis ganxorcielebaSi, romlebic Cveni qveynebis aRorZinebis perspeqtivas dasaxavs.

TanamSromloba is moqcevaa, romelic yvela navs ga-borotebisa da mtrobis meCeCebs aaridebs.

adamianebma es rom irwmunon, realuri nabijebia saW-iro. Cven SevTavazeT mezoblebs SevimuSaoT mudmiv safuZ-velze moqmed konsultaciaTa meqanizmi, romelic amier-kavkasiis saxelmwifoTa xelmZRvanelebs SesaZleblobas miscems regularulad ganixilon da gadawyviton yvela sa-davo sakiTxi. am samTa „transkavkasiis meqanizms“ momdevno

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etapebze SeiZleba SemouerTdnen sxva mezobel saxelmwifo-Ta liderebic.

arsebiTad, es migvaCnia koleqtiuri uSiSroebis iseT momaval sistemur struqturaTa birTvad, romlebic Sei-Zleba gaerTiandes uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis arse-bul evropul da msoflio sistemebSi.

Tavdapirvelad saqme SeiZleba exebodes regionis saxel-mwifoebis mier Tavdausxmelobis, TavianTi samxedro saqmi-anobis gamWvirvalobis, ndobis RonisZiebebis, TavianTi samxedro doqtrinebis ganmartebis Sesaxeb urTierTval-debulebaTa miRebas da a.S. ra Tqma unda, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos ukve kargad Semowmebuli sistemebisTis damaxasi-aTebeli yvela ganzomileba – ekonomikuri, samxedro-poli-tikuri, humanitaruli. unda gamovitanoT, agreTve evropa-sa da Cvens regionSi mimdinare movlenebidan daskvnebi da vizrunoT konfliqtebis mowesrigebis qmediTi meqanizmebis Sesaqmnelad.

geopolitikuri centri, romlis garSemoc Seiqmna aseTi struqturebi, Savi zRvaa. SavizRvispira saxelmwifoebma ukve gadadges Sesabamisi nabijebi, SeimuSaves ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis xelSekruleba, romelic parafirebulia da ivnisis damlevs mas xels moaweren TurqeTSi.

es ukve kargi dasawyisia.batono saxelmwifo mdivano, aprilis miwuruls Zlieri

mRelvareba dameufla, roca Tbilisis caSi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis droSa afrialda. warsulis bevri politikosi da saxelmwifo moRvawe ocnebobda amerikis SeerTebul StatebTan diplomatiuri urTierTobis dam-yarebaze, magram es mxolod Cvens dReebSi gaxda SesaZlebeli. Cven saqarTvelo-amerikis urTierTobis Senobas Cveni pira-di ZalisxmeviTac SeduRabebul mkvidr safuZvelze vagebT. darwmunebuli var, am SenobaSi samaradJamod daidebs binas urTierTndoba da erTmaneTis pativiscema, patiosneba da kargaxsniloba, partnioroba da keTilSobileba.

roca axlo momavalSi mzad iqneba xelmosawerad saqa-rTvelo-amerikis SeTanxmebaTa didi paketi, yvela es ide-ali samarTlebriv da materialur safuZvels SeiZens.

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sakmarisia iTqvas, rom savaWro-ekonomikur sferoSi amer-ikis SeerTebuli Statebi mzad aris mogvaniWos umetesi xe-lSewyobis reJimi – Jesti, romliTac es didi qveyana mxars uWers Tavis megobrebs.

gTxovT, Cveni saxeliT guliTadi madloba moaxsenoT amerikel xalxsa da mTavrobas.

odesRac jeqson-houlSi – kldovani mTebis Zirad Tqven da me vixsnebdiT „vaiomingis Rvinos“ – hemingueis SesaniSnav sevdanarev moTxrobas. sevdanarevs imitom, rom masSi lapa-rakia adamianTa gaucxoebaze. maSin vTqvaT, rom unda dav-ZlioT undobloba – ara marto adamianebs Soris, aramed xalxebs Sorisac. amas veswrafvodiT da bevr rames mivaRwi-eT kidec.

es sasmisi qarTuli RviniT aris savse. aq, did da mcire kavkasions Soris velebSi mas megobrebisTvis wuraven.

vadRegrZeleb Cveni xalxebis megobrobas, vusurveb maT ayvavebasa da keTildReobas. vadRegrZeleb prezident buSs – saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dRis gamo misi molocva gulSi Cagvwvda.

mravalJamiers gisurvebT, batono saxelmwifo mdivano.mravalJamier yvela damswres.

sadili­sapatio­stumris­pativsacemad­:­eduard­SevardnaZis­sity-va­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­maisi.­–­N90(369).­–­1,2­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas, somxeTis respublikis prezidents baton levon ter-petrosians

pativcemulo batono prezidento!gTxovT miiRoT qarTveli xalxis, saqarTvelos res-

publikis saxelmwifo sabWos da piradad Cemi gulwrfe-li da gulmxurvale milocva erovnul dResaswaulTan – somxeTis respublikis damoukideblobis dResTan daka-vSirebiT.

gamovTqvam rwmenas, rom somexi xalxis is miswrafe-ba, warmatebiT aaSenos demokratiuli saxelmwifo, xels Seuwyobs Cveni qveynebis mravalsaukunovani keTilme-zobluri urTierTobis ganmtkicebas.

saqarTvelos respublikas surs iqonios uaRresad farTo urTierToba somxeTis respublikasTan da masTan erTad uzrunvelyos mSvidoba da stabiluroba region-Si, romelSic Cveni qveynebi mdebareoben.

gisurvebT bednierebas, somxeTis respublikis xalxs ki – rac SeiZleba male mieRwios mSvidobisa da ayvavebi-saTvis.

vsargeblob am SemTxveviT, raTa kvlav davadasturo Tqvendami, batono prezidento, Cemi didi pativiscema.

e.­SevardnaZe.

mis­ aRmatebulebas,­ somxeTis­respublikis­ prezidents­ baton­le-von­ter-petrosians­ /­ eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­30­maisi.­–­N93­(372).­–­1­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas, azerbaijanis respublikis prezidentis movaleobis Semsrulebels baton

isa gambarovs

pativcemulo batono gambarov!gTxovT qarTveli xalxis, saxelmwifo sabWosa da pi-

radad Cemi saxeliT miiRoT gulwrfeli da gulmxurvale milocva erovnuli damoukideblobis dResaswaulTan – azerbaijanis respublikis saxelmwifo damoukideblo-bis dResTan dakavSirebiT.

gamovTqvam rwmenas, rom Tavis maRal inteleqtual-ur, sulier da kulturul potencialze dayrdnobiT azerbaijanis respublika uaxloes droSi Seqmnis namd-vilad demokratiul saxelmwifos da Rirseul adgils daikavebs erTa msoflio TanamegobrobaSi.

istoriulma warsulma daakavSira Cveni xalxebi da saxelmwifoebi saerTo Rrma megobrobiT. dRes gan-sakuTrebiT saWiroa ganvamtkicoT keTilmezoblobis mravalsaukunovani tradiciebi.

saqarTvelos respublika Seecdeba ganaviTaros um-Widroesi urTierToba azerbaijanis respublikasTan da masTan erTad uzrunvelyos mSvidoba da stabiluroba regionSi, romelSic Cveni ori qveyana mdebareobs.

gisurvebT Tqven da damoukidebeli azerbaijanis re-spublikis xalxs rac SeiZleba male hqondes mSvidoba, bedniereba da ayvaveba.

vsargeblob am SemTxveviT, raTa kvlav davudasturo Tqvens umaRlesobas Cemi didi pativiscema.

e.­SevardnaZe.

mis­aRmatebulebas,­azerbaijanis­respublikis­prezidentis­mova-leobis­Semsrulebels­baton­isa­gambarovs­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­maisi.­–­N93­(372).­–­1­gv.

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erovnuli mSvidoba, Tanxmoba, Serigeba ganyenebuli sityvebi aRar aris

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis gamosvla saxelmwifo sabWos

gafarToebul sxdomaze 1992 wlis 3 ivniss

Cemi gamosvla minda imiT daviwyo, rom batonma Wabua amirejibma daamTavra Tavisi sityva, rom Cven da Cveni xalxis did nawils albaT marTlac ara gvaqvs jer kidev gacnobierebuli is safrTxe, romlis winaSec dRes dgas Cveni qveyana. me ar vapireb axla procentebis, tenden-ciebis amsaxveli cifrebis dasaxelebas, romlebzec aq ukve ilaparakes operatorebma, isedac cnobilia, Tu ra mdgomareobaSia Cveni ekonomika, finansebi, rogor izr-deba danaSauli. es ukve iTqva sakmarisad.

Tu yuradReba miaqcieT, rom es cifrebi da tenden-ciebi CamoTvales, ra tempiTac izrdeba danaSauli, daax-loebiT aseTive tempiT da kidev ufro metadac ecema war-moeba, warmoebis done. kidev ufro swrafad matulobs inflacia, Rrmavdeba finansuri krizisi, katastrofu-lad matulobs fasebi, da am process didad CamorCeba xelfasis, Sromis anazRaurebis zrda. albaT TiToeul Tqvengans SeuZlia gauTaveblad ilaparakos imaze, Tu ra uZneles pirobebSi cxovrobs Cveni xalxi. zogierTs 5-6 Tvis xelfasi ar miuRia, asea pensiebic. SarSan Caba-rebuli sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebis sazRauri ar miuRiaT soflis muSakebs. amitom amTaviTve minda vTqva, rom Cven yvelam erTad da TiToeulma cal-calke madlo-ba unda vuTxraT Cvens xalxs am saswaulebrivi moTminebi-sa da ndobisaTvis, romelsac Cvendami iCens da romelic Cven jerjerobiT ar dagvimsaxurebia. erTaderTi sanu-geSo is aris, da amaSi Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom am darbazSi msxdomi yoveli Cvengani ukanasknel Zal-Rones ar daviSurebT, yvelafers gavakeTebT imisTvis, rom ro-gorme es umZimesi xvedri SevumsubuqoT adamianebs.

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pirdapir getyviT, savsebiT sworia is azri, rom, ro-gori Sedegic unda gvqondes pirvel etapze, da winaswar vici es Sedegi mZime iqneba, radikaluri reformis gza aRorZinebis erTaderTi gzaa, sxva gza ar arsebobs. aq laparakia privatizaciaze, sxva mTeli rigi globaluri masStabis aqciebze ekonomikis sferoSi, romlebsac arc-Tu saxarbielo Sedegebi mohyva mosaxleobis socialuri dacvis TvalsazrisiT da SeiZleba kidev ufro gauares-des mdgomareoba. amitom Cveni valia veZeboT damatebi-Ti wyaroebi imisaTvis, rom mosaxleobis didi nawili ar miviyvanoT gaRatakebamde, arada, realuri safrTxis wi-naSe vdgavarT.

Cven erovnuli saxelmwifo mSeneblobis anabanas vs-wavlobT. es unda gaviTviTcnobieroT da amas unda Se-veguoT. miuxedavad imisa, rom damoukidebeli varT da TiTqos aravin arafers gvedaveba samwuxarod, Cven saxelmwifoebrivi mSeneblobis praqtikaSi jer kidev gabatonebulia kustaruloba (es yvelas gvexeba, CemiT dawyebuli), provincializmi, primitivizmi, saqmisadmi gaiolebuli midgoma. Zalian xSirad gulubryvilo war-modgena gvaqvs damoukidebel saxelmwifoze, damoukide-beli saxelmwifos mSeneblobaze. magram, miuxedavad aq daxatuli esoden mZime suraTisa, romelic savsebiT swo-ria, me mainc unda aRvniSno, rom Cvens saqmianobaSi aris raRac naTeli wertili, raRac imedi Tu imedis naperwka-li da gvaqvs garkveuli perspeqtivebic, rom gansacdel-isgan vixsnaT qveyana da vixsnaT xalxi.

ramdenime movlenaze SevaCereb Tqvens yuradRebas, ufro sworad, CamovTvli am movlenebs. moxda Tu ara raime dadebiTi am bolo xans Cvens cxovrebaSi, kerZod, mas Semdeg, rac xelisuflebis saTaveSi movidnen Tqvens winaSe prezidiumSi msxdomi adamianebi da maTi kolege-bi? Cven dRes SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom miuxedavad siZnelee-bisa da winaaRmdegobisa, me vityodi, seriozuli winaaRm-degobisa, garkveuli erovnuli konsolidacia mainc miRweulia, mniSvnelovanwilad daZleulia didi gaTiS-

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va, da es procesi grZeldeba. me mgoni, gadauWarbeblad SeiZleba iTqvas, Cven yvelam, Cveni xalxis mxardaWeriT, giganturi samuSao SevasruleT, raTa samoqalaqo omi, globaluri samoqalaqo omi, ZmaTa kvlis globaluri masobrivi problema Tavidan agvecilebina. am safrTxis winaSe Cven viyaviT. da es safrTxe mTlianad jerac ar aris daZleuli, magram am dReebis manZilze bevri ram gakeTda imisaTvis, rom es yvelaze didi saSineleba ar momxdariyo... erovnuli mSvidoba, Tanxmoba, Serigeba ganyenebuli sityvebi aRar aris. roca amaze vlaparakob, mxedvelobaSi maqvs sazogadoebis ZiriTadi nawili, pir-vel rigSi misi Segnebuli nawili. me, iseve rogorc sxva Cemi kolegebi, Zalian did mniSvnelobas vaniWeb imas, rom amoqmedda saxelmwifo sabWo da igi muSaobs, rom es ukve simboluri instituti ki ar aris, aramed, ar gadavaWar-beb Tu vityvi, momavali parlamentis arcTu cudi mod-elia, Tumca, SeiZleba, iq yvela ar airCion...

saxelmwifo sabWos farglebSi arcTu cudad TanamS-romloben politikuri partiebi. isini bevrni arian, maTi idealia demokratiuli saxelmwifo, Cveni demokra-tiuli saxelmwifos mSenebloba. minda gavixseno 26 maisi. partiebi, romlebic saxelmwifo sabWoSi TanamSomloben da isinic, romlebic ar TanamSromloben, erTmaneTs Sevx-vdiT aq, am darbazSi, visaubreT da, me mgoni es iyo imis kargi demonstracia, rom Cven SegviZlia TanamSromloba, rom Cven SegviZlia erToba, da Turme SeiZleba davivi-wyoT calkeuli uTanxmoeba Tu wyenani, roca saqme exeba did erovnul da saxelmwifoebriv interesebs.

CvenTvis da msoflio sazogadoebrivi azris for-mirebisaTvis Zalian didi mniSvneloba eniWeba imas, Tu rogor unda CamovyalibdeT da gadavwyvitoT, rom Cava-taroT demokratiuli arCevnebi meTvalyureebis Tandas-wrebiT. Tumca saukeTeso meTvalyureni Cven TviTon Segvi-Zlia viyoT, magram gvinda, rom sxvebic gveswrebodnen.

me mgoni, arCevnebi, da amaSi eWvi nuravis Seepareba, Cveni yofna-aryofnis sakiTxTa sakiTxia. Tu rogor unda momzaddes, rogor unda Catardes igi, es Cveni Rirsebis

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saqmea, rogorc ityvian, Cveni mandatia msoflio sazoga-doebriobis winaSe. da bolos es Cveni Rirsebis saqmea. axla mTavari safiqrali is ki ar aris, vin gaimarjvebs arCevnebSi, – SesaZloa, gaimarjvos iseTma politikurma partiam, romelsac Cven dRes iqneb arc ki vTvlideT Rir-seul, Zlier oponentad, – aramed is, rom TviT arCevnebi iyos namdvilad demokratiuli, xalxis nebis sruli ga-moxatuleba da, dae gaimarjvos Rirseulma! Cven daviw-yeT dialogi Cvens oponentebTan. SesaZloa, es jer arc ise intensiuri iyos, SeiZleba es ar iyos mTlad sajaro da saxalxo, magram mTavaria, rom igi grZeldeba sxvadasx-va partiebis liderebTan da mimdinareobs savsebiT civ-ilizebuli formiT. me piradad es saubrebi Zalian did kmayofilebas maniWebs.

Cven SevudeqiT dialogs cxinvalSi. rogorc mogex-senebaT, Cems aq Casvlamde droebiTma mTavrobam gaakeTa saTanado ganacxadi. Cveni Zalisxmeva am saqmisaTvis arc Semdeg dagviklia. rogorc mogexsenebaT, vewvieT cxin-vals batonebTan jaba ioselianTan, sandro kavsaZesTan erTad. dRes ki minda ganvacxado, rom Cven vepatiJebiT baton kulumbegovs da mis kolegebs: CamobrZandiT, ba-tonebo, TbilisSi, gnebavT dacvis TanxlebiT, gnebavT dacvis gareSe. me minda giTxraT, rom Tbilisi Tqveni dedaqalaqia da cxinvali saqarTveloa! ase iyo, ase aris da ase iqneba! erTaderTi gza imisaTvis, rom Cven am er-Tian saxelmwifoSi mSvidobis, megobrobis, Tanacxovre-bis yvela wesis dacviT erTad vicxovroT, es aris dialo-gis, normaluri da civilizebuli dialogis gza. minda ganvucxado maT, rom is samarcxvino movlenebi, rasac os moqalaqeTa ojaxebis Seviwroeba da dawiokeba hqvia, aRarasodes saqarTveloSi aRar moxdeba, aRarasodes ar ganmeordeba! yvelafers vgmobT, rac Seuracxmyofelia qarTveli kacisaTvis, Cveni istoriisaTvis, Cveni awmyo-saTvis, Cveni momavlisaTvis. me ar meSinia am sityvebs rom vambob, arafers ar vmalav.

eqstremistebi iqiTac arian da aqeTac. modiT, Sev-TanxmdeT, rom damTavrdes es uazro, umizno omi, sisx-

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lisRvra. Cven unda gadavdgaT es nabiji. is faqti, rac yvelas gvaRelvebs da sircxvils gvgvris, dRes istorias Cabarda. umTavresi mainc is aris, rom saxelmwifoebriv kursad, mTavar saxelmwifoebriv politikad Serigebis morigebis kursi, dialogis kursi Camoyalibda da Tu Tqven es sworad migaCniaT, maSin unda visaubroT da, Tu saWiroa, unda vikamaToT da veZeboT am rTuli sakiTx-is gadawyvetis yvelaze optimaluri gza. esec ar aris ubralo ambavi. Cven gvaqvs dialogi Crdilo oseTis xe-lmZRvanelobasTan da es dialogi arcTu ise cudia. es di-alogi imitom ki ar xdeba, rom isini gansazRvraven cxinva-lis da iqaur mcxovrebTa beds, an maTs Caurevlad Cven ar SegviZlia sakiTxTa mogvareba. ara, Cven migvaCnia, rom ase-Ti midgoma xels Seuwyobs procesis mowesrigebas, mSvi-dobianobis damyarebas da unda giTxraT, rom, zogierTi calkeuli qmedebis garda, romelTa Sesaxeb Tqven iciT, Cveni dialogi marTlac normaluri da misaRebia. Cven am sakiTxebze gvaqvs dialogi ruseTTan da ruseTis xelmZR-vanelobasTan da, unda giTxraT, bevr moRvawes ruseTSi kargad esmis am problemasTan dakavSirebuli Cveni tkivi-lebi. magram isic ar SemiZlia ar vTqva, rom yovelive is, risi mowmenic Cven am bolo dReebSi gavxdiT, ar ekadreba didi saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebs. dae, es maT icodnen da me sajarod vambob amis Sesaxeb. ar aris sakadrisi is, rac Cemma kargma nacnobma, ruseTis vice-prezidentma ikadra. es yvelaferi raRac imperiasTan dakavSirebuli, imperiis periodTan dakavSirebuli poziciaa, midgomaa da Seura-cxmyofelia Cveni xalxisaTvis. ruseTis xelmZRvanelobam unda gaigos, rom blokada, blokadis enaze laparaki arc erT xalxTan ar aris dasaSvebi da miT umetes iseT xalx-Tan, romelTanac Sens qveyanas saukuneobrivi urTierTo-bis istoria akavSirebs.

amas winaT erT-erT Cems saubarSi vTqvi, rom vmonaw-ileobdi erayis mimarT gaerTianebuli erebis orga-nizaciis uSiSroebis sabWos mier ganxorcielebuli sanqciis, blokadis dawyebis RonisZiebaTa ganxilvaSi. minda giTxraT, mTeli Tve mimdinareobda muSaoba uSiS-

75

roebis sabWoSi, Tu rogor unda ganxorcielebuliyo es blokada. arada, laparaki iyo agresorze, romelmac daipyro udanaSaulo qveyana, magram blokada ise unda ganxorcielebuliyo, rom am qveynis bavSvebi, moxucebi, avadmyofebi ar dazaralebuliyvnen. rom produqtebis, wylis miwodeba normalurad warmarTuliyo, rom gza ar Caketiliyo da aseTi gadawyvetileba moiZebna kidec. ar SemiZlia es ar Sevaxseno dRes ruseTis xelmZRvanelobas da ara imdenad oseTis xelmZRvanelobas; is, rac moxda, rom daiketa gazsadeni, es faqti Sav laqad daaCndeba Cve-ni da ruseTis urTierTobas. me miWirs amaze laparaki, magram es asea. es kargad unda gaigon prezidentma da gan-sakuTrebiT vice-prezidentma, romelmac parlamentSi moiwona blokadis gamocxadeba.

es samarcxvino movlenaa. ar minda antirusuli gan-wyobilebis gaRviveba da gamwvaveba, piriqiT, Cven yvel-as gvinda vimegobroT, vimezobloT am did qveyanasTan da yvelafers gavakeTebT amisaTvis. ai, batoni igor bo-gomolovi aq aris. saqarTvelos rusi erovnebis moqa-laqeebma Seadgines werili da gaugzavnes baton elcins: ratom ar gaxsovT, rom qarTvelebTan erTad am qveyanaSi Cvenc varTo. aseTive ganwyobiT arian samxedro formire-baSi jerjerobiT kidev SemorCenili xalxi da me minda vTqva, rom, is, rac gakeTda axla saqarTvelos mimarT, es samarcxvino laqaa da es laqa unda Camoirecxon.

me mgoni, ruseTis politika ar unda iyos gaigivebuli imasTan, rasac Jirinovski da Zmani misni qadageben da, rac maTi mxriv gakeTda, es maT wisqvilze asxams wyals. amis Sesaxeb me da batonma Tengiz siguam weriliT mivmarTeT ruseTis parlaments, – igi jerjerobiT upasuxod aris da arc es praqtikaa gamarTlebuli saxelmwifo-politi-kur urTierTobaSi. mjera, rom es problemac mogvarde-ba da mogvardeba uaxloes momavalSi. me ase mwams. yovel SemTxvevaSi minda, rom ase iyos.

zogierTi ram respublikis mTavrobaSic, saxelmwifo sabWoSic gakeTda, gadaidga zogierTi nabiji ekonomi-kuri da socialuri sferos gasaumjobeseblad, yovel

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SemTxvevaSi msjeloba, gzebis Zieba mimdinareobs. minda giTxraT, rom maneTis zona, romelSic Cven vimyofebiT, saukeTeso zona ar aris, Zalian Zneli da rTuli zonaa, magram sxva gza ar Cans da me mgoni unda SevTanxmdeT, rom am sakiTxebze sasaubrod uaxloes xanebSi Sevikri-boT. Cemi azriT, am mxriv ori etapi unda gamoikveTos. pirveli is, Tu rogor unda viarseboT maneTis zonaSi, maneTebiT ra gzebi da saSualebebi arsebobs imisaTvis, rom rac SeiZleba naklebi zaraliT da msxverpliT Seve-guoT am zonas, mimaCnia, rom amis gza arsebobs. amisaTvis SeiZleba kuponis SemoRebis praqtika gamoviyenoT. sxva gzac aris. unda gadavwyvitoT, aris Tu ara saWiro sa-kuTari valuta, ra dadebiTi mxare eqneba am saqmes da ra siZneleebs wavawydebiT. am saqmeSi aCqareba ar varga, ma-gram arc dagvianeba ivargebs. unda movilaparakoT Cvens ekonomistebTan, finansistebTan.

vagrZeleb Cvens cxovrebaSi momxdari zogierTi dadebiTi momentis CamoTvlas. amaze bevri iTqva, magram mainc aRvniSnav, rom udidesi mniSvnelobis movlena, is-toriuli mniSvnelobis movlena CvenTvis saqarTvelos iseTi aRiarebaa, rom sjerodeT da swamdeT Cveni. mxed-velobaSi maqvs civilizebuli samyaro, ganviTarebuli qveynebi. Tu ra mogvca aman praqtikulad, me mgoni Ti-Toeuli Tqvengani kargad xedavs. saqarTvelos realur damoukideblobaze laparaki mxolod axali msofliosa-gan cnobis pirobebSi iyo SesaZlebeli. da Tu Cven marTa-li viqnebiT, mxarSi amogvidgeba msoflios progresuli kacobrioba. aseTi procesi rom ara, Zalian gagviWrdebo-da da ver mivaRwevdiT Cveni miznebis ganxorcielebas.

kreditebi safinanso daxmarebis mizniT, safinan-so kapitaldabandebebis uzrunvelyofa dRes CvenTvis erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani sakiTxia. pirveli dax-mareba Cven ukve miviReT. Tqven gaxsovT genSeris, beiker-is, TurqeTis ministris vizitebi saqarTveloSi. sxve-bic Camovlen. amasTan dakavSirebiT erTxel ukve vTqvi da axlac minda gavimeoro, rom Cveni orientacia, Cveni prioriteti msoflios civilizebuli samyaroa, evropis

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kultura, evropis civilizacia, gamoCnda farTo masS-tabebi. Cven megobrebi gvyavs yvelgan, evropa iqneba Tu azia. ar SegviZlia amis ugulebelyofa. ai, TurqeTTan, aseve iranTan, sxva qveynebTan Cveni urTierobis pirveli etapi, dasawyisi, pirveli nabijebi imedis momcemia. aseve imedebs vamyarebT arabul qveynebze. es Zalian perspeqti-uli mimarTuleba gaxlavT. da, vfiqrob, nabijebi, rom-lebic saqarTvelom gadadga, albaT, erT-erTi yvelaze didi imedis momcemia Cveni damoukidebeli saxelmwifos mSeneblobis procesSi. magram kvlav unda gavimeoroT is, rac TqvenTan erTad araerTxel gviTqvams; sxva saxelmwi-foTagan daxmarebasa da mxardaWeraze, metadre ekono-mikurze, laparakic ki zedmetia, Tu Cven ver mivaRwevT politikur da ekonomikur stabilizacias. stabiluro-ba, vimeoreb, politikuri, ekonomikuri, finansuri kreditebis miRebis garantiaa.

im Sexvedrebis dros, romlebic piradad me da prezid-iumis sxva wevrebs gvaqvs sxvadasxva qveynis warmomadgen-lebTan, Cven pirdapir gveubnebian, rom saqarTvelo is-eTi qveyanaa, romelsac saqmiani TanamSromlobis didi interesi aqvs. did bizness geopolitikuri, geografi-uli teritoria unda, magram aseT arastabilur pirobeb-Si CvenTan ar Semova didi biznesi, Cven gavmarTavT diskusiebs, ganvixilavT yvela proeqts, Camovlen da mi-viRebT stumrebs, gauRimebT, gagviRimeben, gadavexveviT kidec erTmaneTs, magram praqtikuli Sedegi ar iqneba.

es unda gavigoT, Cveni interesia, rom Cveni qveyana stabiluri iyos. sxva araferi ar aris saWiro, rom Rir-seul partniorebad gvaRiaron. israelis elCma, roca vuTxari, Cven TqvenTan farTo ekonomikur TanamSrom-lobas veliT-meTqi, Tqva, ra Tqma unda, Cveni biznesmen-ebi amisaTvis mzad ariano. magram ai dRes miTxres, rom Turme erTi sakmaod cnobili ebraeli moqalaqis Svilia motacebuli. Semaxsenes saflavis amoTxris barbarosu-li aqtic. zogierTs hgonia, rac CvenTan xdeba, kulaSi daimarxeba da imis iqiT veravin gaigebs. yvela faqts ig-ebs msoflios sakmaod farTo sazogadoebrioba. amitom

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yvelaferi unda gavakeToT imisaTvis, rom mivaRwioT stabilurobas!

qalbatonebo da batonebo, aba rogor ar itireb kaci Cveni kurortebis gamo da rogor SeiZleba gulgrilad Sexedo iq arsebul mdgomareobas. gagra carielia, da-clilia Senobebi. wyaltuboSi 7 000 kaci – momsaxure per-sonali – umuSevaria. sanTliT eZeben damsvenebels. gaCan-agebulia Cveni kurortebi, es Cveni erovnuli simdidre da mxolod imis gamo, rom qveyanaSi ar aris stabiluro-ba, elementaruli wesrigi. bevrs unda CvenTan Camosvla. is, visac erTxel mainc dausvenia saqarTveloSi, dResac ocnebobs aq dasvenebaze, magram aseT pirobebSi, roca TiTqmis yoveli meore moqalaqe quCaSi avtomatiT dadis da yoveli fexis nabijze kacs klaven. cxadia, damsvenebe-li ver Camova. SevTanxmdeT, Cveni dRevandeli Sexvedris mTavari amocana is aris, rom yvelam erTad unda viz-runoT stabilurobisaTvis, wesrigisaTvis, Tundac el-ementaruli wesrigis damyarebisaTvis. es Cveni saubris dasawyisia.

dRevandel gamosvlebSi SeniSvnebic iyo, iyo zo-gadi gamosvlebic, iyo nakleb saqmiani winadadebebic. SeniSvnebi albaT sworia, magram es aris urTulesi da umwvavesi problema. es Cveni aseTi pirveli Sexvedraa, amitom ar mikvirs, rom dRevandeli Cveni saubris Si-naarsze garkveuli SeniSvnebi SeiZleba hqondeT sabWos wevrebsac da stumrebsac. mTavaria, rom SevxvdiT erT-maneTs, visaubreT. me mgoni, warsulis mibaZva ar iqneba, Tu, SesaZloa, ase farTo ara, magram viwro farglebSi SevikribebiT da, rac gavakeTeT erTi-ori Tvis manZilze, isic moxsenebuli iqneba. Semdgomi Sexvedra unda iyos ufro miznobrivi, ufro konkretuli da saTanado pasux-ismgeblobis moTxovnebiT aRsavse. batonma Temur SaSiaS-vilma sworad Tqva, xelmZRvanelebi rom Tavis adgilze iyvnen, bevri ram gakeTdebodao. magram es rom marTlac ase iyos, Cven unda movTxovoT, unda daveyrdnoT maT. ase-Ti safuZveli rom Camoyalibdeba, maSin realur Sedegebs uTuod mivaRwevT.

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axla minda gamovTqva zogierTi mosazreba imis Tao-baze, Tu momavalSi, rogor unda movawyoT Cveni muSaoba, rogor unda moxdes misi organizacia. dadgenilebis pro-eqtze, romelic dagirigdaT, iuridiulma ganyofilebam imuSava. am proeqtSi zogierT SeiaraRebul formireba-zea laparaki da swori iqneba, Tu mTel am Zalian rTul da Znel samuSaos Tavs movuyriT im organoSi, romelsac amis Zala Seswevs. aseTi dRes aris saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumi. aq arian premier-ministri, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgile, respublikis Tavdacvis ministri, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare. es realuri Zalaa, romelsac SeuZlia adamianebs kidec mosTxovos muSaobis organizacia da kidec daexmaros maT amaSi.

albaT, swori iqneba, Tu prezidiumTan Seiqmne-ba samuSao sagangebo jgufi. Tu sityva „sagangebo“ gvaSinebs, maSin iyos samuSao jgufi. magram igi sagangebo zomebs unda iRebdes, rom wesrigi damyardes da wesrigi aRdges. garkveuli eWvi gamoiTqmeba xolme prezidiumis amgvar gagebasTan dakavSirebiT. guSin, magaliTac, Sex-vedrisas Cemma megobrebma saxelmwifo sabWodan miTxres, politbiuros modelisaken xom ar mivdivarTo, mas xom ar davemsavsebiTo. me ki minda vTqva, rom imaze uaresi, rac axla xdeba, araferi moxdeba. xolo rac Seexeba politbi-uros, me Zalian kargad vici, ra iyo igi. amitom sxva gziT SeiZleba wavides kaci, magram politbiurosken ara. es SiSi unda moixsnas.

me veTanxmebi baton Wabua amirejibis gamosvlas, rom kidec unda vendoT prezidiums da kidec unda movTxovoT. me mgoni ufro aqtiurad unda iyos gamoyenebuli gamge-blebis instituti, rom ufro metad davuWiroT mxari qa-laqebis, raionebis miliciis sammarTveloTa ufrosebs, rwmunebulTa instituts, romelic axla mkvidrdeba da sainteresod muSaobs.

am samuSao jgufis SemadgenlobaSi rom ukeT amo-qmeddes, masSi unda Sevides mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris pirveli moadgile, vinc ekonomikis sakiTxebs uZRveba da produqtebis momaragebaze muSaobs, Sinagan saqmeTa

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saministro, generaluri prokurori, sadazvervo samsax-uris ufrosi, mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris moadgile, rome-lic konfliqtTa sakiTxebze muSaobs. me ar gamovricxav, rom aq calkeul politikur partiaTa warmomadgenlebic SeviyvanoT, vinc saWiro iqneba am saqmisaTvis. Tu saWiro iqneba, unda Seiqmnas seriozuli aparatic, romelic qmediTad da efeqtianad imuSavebs.

me vfiqrob, es ar aris gansaxilveli sakiTxi, es Cve-ni funqcia gaxlavT. saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomares unda hyavdes TanaSemwe erovnuli uSiSroebis darg-Si. es iqneba kaci, romelic moaxdens aparatis muSaobis organizacias, Cveni saubari laparakad rom ar darCes, xvalidanve unda daviwyo realuri muSaoba. batoni ro-man gvencaZe ar gveTanxmeba, magram minda mis moadgiles daTo salariZes vTxovo movides CvenTan da dagvexmaros. cnobili operatiuli muSakia, wesieri, patiosani, prin-cipuli kacia. erTgvarad gaaZlierebs Cvens koleqtivs.

aq TiTqmis yvela gamomsvlelma mxari dauWira imas, rom samarTaldamcav organoebs sWirdebaT daxmareba, gajansaReba, cxovrebis pirobebis, materialur-finansu-ri mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba. yovel SemTxvevaSi Sesa-Zlebelia, adgilebze mainc gamoiZebnos saSualeba, rom maTi pirobebi gaumjobesdes. kerZod, miliciis xelfasis sakiTxi maqvs mxedvelobaSi. ver vityvi, rom zugdidis milicia idealurad muSaobs, magram iqaurma gamgebelma oTar facaciam, miuxedavad imisa, rom qalaqi gaRatake-bulia, mainc gamonaxa raRac saSualeba am TvalsazrisiT.

aseTi sakiTxebi TbilisSic unda gadawydes. damou-kidebeli sameurneo kadrebis daniSvna unda viswavloT sxva qalaqebisagan. Cven xom viciT, ra donec aqvs did qa-laqebs, sxva qveynebs, amisaken unda miviswrafodeT. Tqven geqnebaT saxsrebi, rom waxalisebis fondebi SeqmnaT da es unda gaakeToT. kaci unda xedavdes, rom Tavis xalxs, Tavis qveyanas sWirdeba da sakuTar Tavs rom irwmunebs, axal Zalebs gamoZebnis.

axla ar Sevexebi calkeul danaSaulobebs. magram min-da vTqva, rom sagangebo zomebi unda miviRoT narkomani-

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is winaaRmdeg. yvelam unda izrunos, rom Cveni bavSvebi, SviliSvilebi avacdinoT im ubedurebas, romelic am saSinel sens Tan sdevs.

dRes erT rameSi sabolood unda SevTanxmdeT: ukano-no SeiaraRebuli formirebani unda aikrZalos da amaSi milicia, prokuratura, adgilobrivi organoebi unda dagvaxmaron. me mivmarTav yvela politikur partias – dagvexmaroT am sakiTxis mogvarebasa da gadawyvetaSi. ar SeiZleba patara qveyanaSi aseTi mdgomareoba iyos – 13 Tu 14 sxvadasxva uwyebas hyavs SeiaraRebuli razmebi. es unda Sewydes.

Semdgom Sexvedraze unda ganvixiloT calkeuli sakiTxebi. axla me ar minda ganvixiloT calkeuli sakiTx-ebi. axla me ar minda davasaxelo, Tu ra calkeuli sakiTx-ebi iqneba es. prezidiumi amaze imsjelebs. SeiZleba am sakiTxebis mogvarebas sainiciativo xasiaTi mivaniWoT.

calke minda vTqva iaraRis amoRebaze. me mgoni, dRes ar aris mTlad realuri amocana. upirvelesad, albaT, unda davayenoT is sakiTxi, rom moxdes iaraRis regis-tracia da dakanondes igi. unebarTvod iaraRis Senax-visaTvis albaT unda ganxorcieldes Zalian mkacri san-qciebi. visac unebarTvo iaraRi aqvs, unda daisajos. aris Sveicariuli saukeTeso sistema. SeviswavloT is da Tu moergeba Cven pirobebs, SeiZleba visargebloT. sxva gziT, administrirebiT es SeuZlebelia.

gaxsovT, samxedro mSeneblobaze, armiis Seqmnaze dekreti miviReT. gawvevac daviwyeT. ai dResac Zalian mwvave saubari iyo gvardiis da mxedrionis problemeb-ze. me savsebiT veTanxmebi yvelas, vinc Tbilad da kargad ilaparaka gvardiis da mxedrionis damsaxurebaze. bevr maTgans mec vicnob. umravlesoba naTeli xalxia, Tavis qveyanaze Seyvarebuli, Tavdadebuli da bevric gaakeTes Cveni qveynisaTvis. yvela Tqvens am mosazrebas mec vuerT-debi. magram ase gagrZeleba aRar SeiZleba. sakiTxis gad-awyveta mxolod erTiani armiis mSeneblobis CarCoebSi aris SesaZlebeli. sxvanairad es sakiTxi ar mogvardeba. amitom ase unda gadavwyvitoT da erTi pozicia unda

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gvqondes, rom Cven yvelani – mTeli Cveni saxelmwifo da Cveni xalxi erTad vaSenebT erTian armias.

es Cveni saerTo erovnuli demokratiuli saxelmwi-fos aucilebeli atributi iqneba da, bunebrivia, saxel-mwifos sazrunavi unda iyos. arseboben saxelmwifo struqturebi – Tavdacvis saministro, Sinagan saqme-Ta saministro, romlebsac SeiZleba Tavisi sajariso formirebani anda qvedanayofebi hyavdes. aseve SeiZleba iTqvas sadazvervo samsaxurzec, magram umTavresi pasux-ismgebloba armiis mSeneblobasa da politikaSi, ra Tqma unda, Tavdacvis saministros ekisreba... da raki es saer-To erovnuli saqmea, monopolia masSi dauSvebelia.

amitom me minda dRes principulad ganvacxado, rom armiis mSeneblobis sakiTxi unda iyos saxelmwifo sabWos mxedvelobis areSi da rom es ar laxavs aravis avtoritets, radgan asea yvela saxelmwifoSi, verc Cven viqnebiT gamonaklisi. ai ase iqneba SesaZlebeli bolo mo-vuRoT Worebs, laparaks, rac yvela Cvengans awuxebs.

yvelaze ufro rTuli gvardiisa da mxedrionis sakiTxia. Zalian minda umtkivneulod, gaurTuleblad, gaumwvaveblad mogvardes igi, radgan es Cven erovnul interesebSi Sedis. unda movZebnoT gzebi, rom es sakiTxi ar gamwvavdes. bolo unda moeRos yvela danaSauls, rac xdeba. aq bevri ram ar iTqva. me vici, danaSaulobebi bev-ria. calkeuli samxedro formirebis warmomadgenlebi Caqoles, pirdapiri Setakebebi iyo mosaxleobasTan... mox-da Zarcva, mkvleloba da a. S. aseT viTarebaSi gamonakli-si aravin ar aris. sabWoTa armiaSic, iciT, ramdeni aseTi ram iyo. me vici ra xdeboda avRaneTSi, es saSineleba, didi ubedureba gaxldaT, magram Cven ar unda gavimeoroT cudi magaliTi. roca armia Seiqmneba, roca mxedrions, gvar-dias saTanado adgils mivuCenT, maSin Sewydeba yovelg-vari miTqma-moTqma. aravis ar vaSineb, magram Tu romelime warmoebis xelmZRvaneli an biznesmeni gabedavs imas, rom gamohyofs saxalxo fuls, saxalxo saxsrebs saxelmwifo armiis Sesanaxad, man pasuxi unda agos. Cven Cveni saxsre-bidan, Cveni biujetidan unda gaviRoT is, rac saxelmwifo

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armiis Senaxvas sWirdeba. vaWrebi iqnebian, warmoebis xe-lmZRvanelebi Tu kerZo seqtoris TanamSromlebi, unda gavaTavisufloT am xarjisgan. Cven vlaparakobT evropul erTian sivrceze, evropisa da aziis erTian sivrceze. ma-gram yvelaferi jer aqedan, CveniT unda daviwyoT. unda vizrunoT saqarTvelos erTian samxedro-ekonomikur sivrceze da erTian politikaze, saxelmwifoebrivi mSen-eblobis erTian principze, erTian sabaJo politikaze, erTian armiaze. es yvelas exeba, afxazeTs, aWaras, yvelas. erT saxelmwifoSi yvela sferoSi unda iyos erTi poli-tika da am sferoSic ase unda iyos, yvela saxelmwifoSi, yvela demokratiul qveyanaSi asea, maT Soris iseT qveyneb-Sic, romlebsac avtonomiuri formirebani hyavT. amasTan erTad Cven unda SevZloT SevimuSaoT erTiani safinan-so, erTiani sabanko politika da es unda gavakeToT Cvens megobrebTan, avtonomiebis xelmZRvanelebTan erTad. Cven maTTan erTad, maTze dayrdnobiT, maTi iniciativiT, maTi winadadebebiT unda gaviTvaliswinoT da SevimuSaoT is modeli, romelsac avtonomiuri saxelmwifoebrivi formireba hqvia. mjera, amasac mivaRwevT.

Cven rTul politikur atmosferoSi vcxovrobT. am-itom aucilebelia kargad SegveZlos ganvasxvavoT Cveni mowinaaRmdegeebi. Cven ara vkravT xels Cvens oponentebs, metic, pativs vcemT maT, vinc ginda iyvnen isini, Tugind yofili prezidentis momxreebi. Cven mzad varT viTanamS-romloT maTTan. mzad varT gvqondes maTTan dialogi, ra Znelic da ra rTulic unda iyos igi. magram ar vici ra vuwodo maT, Cveni mowinaaRmdegeni Tu Cveni mtrebi, romlebic maTi saxeliT, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, maTi mowodebiT xidebs afeTqeben. vin arian isini, vinc 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi rkinigzas ketavda da miliardobiT zara-li miayena qveyanas. Cven da Cveni oponentebi unda gaver-TiandeT, rom am borotebas erTad vebrZoloT da ukeT davZlioT igi. es erTaderTi gzaa. amitom mjera, rom ase-Ti azri gaimarjvebs.

aqve erTic minda vTqva: Cven Zalian cota imedi unda gvqondes, rom Zalismieri faqtori raime sargeblobas

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mogvitans. da Zalian madlobeli var, rom prezidiumSi mxars uWeren am mosazrebas. vimeoreb, Cven mzad varT yve-lasTan visaubroT. valter SurRaias, Tuki kaci ar hyavs mokluli, Sevecdebi Sevxvde, rogorc kaci kacs, adamiani adamians. Senc xom qarTveli xar, Senc xom am qveynis Svili xar, ra aris Cvens Soris gasayofi, rom saerTo ena ver gamovnaxoT. Tengiz kitovani apirebs am kuTxeSi wasvlas da is yvelas Sexvdeba. es xom Cveni kuTxe, Cveni xalxia da ratom unda gvqondes maincdamainc tankebis da teqnikis imedi? Cven xalxs eyofa sibrZne da SorsmWvreteloba, rom dialogis gziT iaros. me mjera, vinc amas ismens da moismens, is sworad gaigebs.

didi davaa mitingebis gamo. ra Tqma unda, im qveyana-Si, sadac demokratiul saxelmwifos aSeneben, mitingis darbeva dauSvebelia. es unda daigmos. magram me aseve am xalxs, am adamianebs, vinc amis organizacias kisrulobs, adamianurad, Tu gnebavT, mamaSvilurad vTxov rogorc moqalaqe, rogorc erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli am qveynisa, modiT, movawesrigoT es sakiTxi. aris saWiro mitinge-bis Catareba? mibrZandiT, sadac amis organo arsebobs, miiReT nebarTva, da marTeT mitingi, oRond ara centra-lur gamzirze, gamonaklisi iyo 26 maisi. gvqonda amis ufleba.

saxelmwifo xelisufleba da saxelmwifo sabWosTan moTanamSromle arc erTi partia arasodes ar gamarTavs mitings centralur gamzirze. amisaTvis iqneba special-uri darbazi, Tundac stadioni, moednebi. SeikribeT, gvlanZReT, magram normis da kanonis farglebSi. ai, es aris mougvarebeli sakiTxi. me erTi ram minda vuTxra maT: rasac Tqven akeTebT, sowred is iwvevs wesrigis damcvel-Ta amgvar reaqcias. modiT, nuRar akeTebT amas, Tqven TviTon marTeT es procesi. Cven mogexmarebiT da erTad movZebnoT gamosavali. is, rac axla Tqven mogaxsneT, su-lac ar aris Cveni saxelmwifos sisustis gamoxatuleba. piriqiT, roca cxinvalis regionSi dialogis gza avirCi-eT, me mimaCnia, rom es Cveni sisustis ki ara, siZlieris gamoxatuleba iyo. SeiZleba sakiTxi 2-3 saaTSi samxedro

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wesiT gadawyvito, magram Cven ar gvinda am gziT viaroT. arc erT kuTxeSi ar gvinda aseTi ram, aseve ar gvinda es momitingeebis mimarT. nu davemsgavsebiT barbarosebs. wignebis dawva, lanZRva, uwmindesi da unetaresi ada-mianis suraTis gadaxazva, TaTxva ar aris kulturuli, civilizebuli qveynisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli movlenebi. es Cven unda davZlioT. mitingebi SeiZleba gaimarTos, ma-gram mas Tavisi wesi da rigi unda hqondes.

imedi maqvs, rom Cvens wminda brZolaSi mxarSi amogvidgebian mecnierebi, kulturis moRvaweni. isini bevria saxelmwifo sabWoSi da sxvebic, vinc aq ar mogvi-wvevia. qeds vixri maTi damsaxurebis winaSe. 26 maiss mTeli mecnierebaTa akademia, Cveni uxucesi mecnierebi movidnen am dRis aRsaniSnav zeimze da bednierad vTvli Tavs, rom imedi ar gavucrue da sapatio stumari ewvia maT. amiT minda vTqva, rom CvenTan aris didi inteligen-turi Zala, inteleqtualuri saqarTvelo, CvenTan arian patiosani adamianebi da isini CvenTan erTad ibrZvian. imedi maqvs, mecnierTa didi armia, kulturis moRvaweni mxardaWeras kvlavac ar mogvakleben.

maqvs axalgazrdobis didi imedi. bolodroinde-li gamokiTxviT, axalgazrdobis 70 procenti mimdinare politikas mxars uWers da eTanxmeba. es didi imedia da amas gafrTxileba unda, am gzas Cven ar gadavuxvevT. yov-elTvis vizrunebT axalgazrdobisaTvis.

dabolos, minda vTqva im adamianTa Sesaxeb, romleb-sac potenciur damnaSaveebs vuwodebT. aq Tqves, rom uduxWiresi socialuri pirobebi qmnis danaSaulobaTa niadags, bevr adamians ubralod Sia kidec dRes, magram narkomanias riTiRa gavamarTlebT?! axlaxan 6000 kaci ga-movida sapatimroebidan. mimaCnia, rom swori iyo es. dar-wmunebuli var, maTi 60-70 procenti swor gzas daadgeba cxovrebaSi, isinic xom am qveynis Svilebi arian, maTac xom unda ifiqron Svilebze, SviliSvilebze da, modiT, mxarSi amovudgeT am adamianebs, nu vkravT maT xels. risi gadarCenac SeiZleba, iqneb gadavarCinoT. nu vixmarT si-tyvebs, rom isini „damnaSaveTa samyaros“ warmomadgenle-

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bi arian. es adamianebi iZulebuli gaxdnen aseT dReSi Ca-vardniliyvnen da, vimeoreb, Cveni valia vizrunoT maTi gadarCenisaTvis.

am saqmeSi erTmaneTs unda amovudgeT mxarSi. dRes min-da madloba giTxraT, rom CamobrZandiT am Sexvedraze da iziarebT saerTo pozicias, rom saqarTveloSi saWiroa da unda vicxovroT mSvidobianad da gvqondes iseTi at-mosfero, rom yovelma patiosanma adamianma normalurad icxovros Sin Tu gareT da hqondes sakuTari ojaxis da STamomavlobis usafrTxoebis sruli garantia.

erovnuli­mSvidoba,­Tanxmoba,­Serigeba­ganyenebuli­sityvebi­aRar­aris­ /­ eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 6­ivnisi.­–­N98­(377).­–­1,2­gv.

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momavlis garantad

mis aRmatebulebas baton boris elcins, ruseTis prezidents

pativcemulo boris nikolozis Zev,miiReT guliTadi molocva ruseTis federaciis saxelm-

wifo suverenitetis deklaraciis miRebis dRis gamo.12 ivnisi axali zonis dasawyisia ruseTis saxelmwifoe-

briobis istoriaSi. am TariRs didi mniSvneloba aqvs ara marto ruseTis xalxebisaTvis, aramed sxva respublikebisT-visac, romlebic didxans cxovrobdnen ruseTTan erTad da Cveni saerTo warsulis Wirsa da lxins iziarebdnen.

dRes axal damoukidebel saxelmwifoebs miecaT Sesa-Zlebloba TavianTi urTierToba aagon sruli Tanasworu-flebianobis, erTmaneTis suverenitetisa da interesebis pativiscemis principebze. es udidesi miRwevaa, romliTac SegviZlia yvelam viamayoT. es namdvilad demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifoebis Seqmnis unikaluri Sesa-Zleblobaa.

vimedovnebT, rom am gzaze saqarTvelo da ruseTi part-niorobas gauweven erTmaneTs, erTad imoqmedeben Cveni saxelmwifoebis winaSe wamoWrili rTuli problemebis gad-aWraSi.

saqarTvelos da ruseTs megobrobisa da TanamSromlobis mravalsaukunovani tradiciebi akavSirebT da es migvaCnia Cveni urTierTobisaTvis naTeli momavlis garantad.

qarTveli xalxi, respublikis saxelmwifo sabWo da mTavroba piradad Tqven gisurvebT warmatebebs da janmrT-elobas, xolo ruseTis federaciis xalxebs – ayvavebas.

pativiscemiT,­e.­SevardnaZe.Tbilisi.­1992­wlis­12­ivnisi.

momavlis­ garantad­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­13­ivnisi.­–­N103­(382).­–­2­gv.

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qarTveli xalxis mtrebma saqarTvelos esroles, esroles muxanaTurad!

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos gancxadeba

13 ivniss 10 saaTsa da 45 wuTze qalaq TbilisSi Ciqo-vanis quCaze moxda teroristuli aqti – afeTqda avto-mobilSi Cadebuli mZlavri naRmi. am borotmoqmedebis Sedegad daiRupa xuTi adamiani, maT Soris erTi bavSvi. ramdenime kaci daiWra, seriozulad dazianda Senobebi. afeTqebam gamoiwvia mniSvnelovani materialuri zara-li.

afeTqeba moxda saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgilis jaba ioselianis saxlTan axlos. ramdenime wa-miT adre afeTqebis adgilas gaiara baton jabas avtomo-bilma. daSavda misi erT-erTi Tanmxlebi.

saxelmwifo sabWo iziarebs saqarTvelos yvela pati-osani moqalaqis aRSfoTebas am mxecuri aqtis gamo. Se-qmnilia specialuri komisia, romelsac daevala teror-istuli aqtis garemoebaTa gamoZieba. samarTaldamcvel organoebs miecaT davaleba operatiulad miakvlion mis organizatorebsa da aRmasruleblebs.

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWo gulwrfel Tana-grZnobas ucxadebs daRupulTa ojaxebs da axloblebs.

sruliad aSkaraa, rom Ciqovanis quCaze datriale-buli tragedia warmoadgens erT rgols umZimes dana-SaulobaTa grZeli jaWvisa. imdenad mZime droSi vcxov-robT, rom lamis SeveCvieT kidec xidebis, gvirabebisa da rkinigzis liandagebis afeTqebas, gzebis blokirebas, adamianebis wamebas, xocvas, gatacebas fulis gamoZal-vis mizniT, an imisaTvis, rom mSromelma kacma samuSaod gabeda gasvla. borotmoqmedTa Tavxedobas sazRvari aRar uCans, isini aRaravis da aRarafers eridebian. umZimes danaSauls sCadian. umZimes danaSauls sCadian dRisiT-mzisiT. moqmedeben uaRresad cinikurad, cdilo-ben saxeli gautexon xelisuflebis yvela RonisZiebas, mimarTuls stabilizaciisaken. rad Rirs is faqti, rom

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nabijebs, gadadgmuls cxinvalis zonaSi mSvidobis miRw-evisaken, mohyva saomar moqmedebaTa arnaxuli eskalacia. cxinvals raketebi dauSines maSin, roca qveynis xelmZR-vaneloba iq samSvidobo molaparakebas eweoda.

ukanaskneli tragediis dro da adgilic gamiznu-lad aris SerCeuli. bolo dros daisaxa gadamWreli RonisZiebebi saqarTveloSi mSvidobisa da wesrigis aR-sadgenad. amis winaaRmdeg moawyves teroristuli aqti 13 ivniss.

msoflios arc erTi civilizebuli saxelmwifos xe-lisufleba terorze teroriT ar upasuxebs. terors arc saqarTvelos xelisufleba mimarTavs, magram gaakeTebs yvelafers teroristTa Sesapyrobad da kanonis mTeli simkacriT dasasjelad. is, rac Ciqovanis quCaze moxda, sagangebo ambavia, es aris ukanasknel Jams katastrofu-lad momravlebul danaSaulobaTa kulminacia. mkvlele-bi imasac ki ar moeridnen, rom maTs Canafiqrs usaTuod mohyveboda sruliad udanaSaulo adamianTa msxverpli. da aki Seiwires kidec qalebi, bavSvi... xelisuflebac, samarTaldamcveli organoebic valdebuli arian mimar-Ton sagangebo zomebs.

qarTveli xalxis mtrebma saqarTvelos esroles, es-roles muxanaTurad. Cvens arakeTilmosurneT qveynis SigniT da qveynis gareTac ar undaT Seurigdnen qarTve-li sazogadoebis konsolidacias, ris Sedegadac TiTqmis daZleulia samoqalaqo omis gaCaRebis safrTxe. maT xels ar aZlevs politikuri da socialuri daZabulobis gan-muxtva, romlis tendenciebic am bolo dros xelSesax-ebia.

saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sabWo aucileblad Tvlis ganacxados, rom veraviTari terori, daZabulobis eska-laciis veraviTari mcdeloba ver SeaCerebs demokrati-is mSeneblobis process. daniSnuli arCevnebi gaimarTeba droulad da normalur viTarebaSi. saqarTvelos eyole-ba xalxis mier arCeuli xelisufleba.

saxelmwifo sabWo mouwodebs saqarTvelos yvela mo-qalaqes simSvidis, organizebulobisa da wesrigisaken.

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mxolod xalxis, xelisuflebis, erTiani saqarTvelo-saTvis mebrZoli partiebisa da organizaciebis SeTanx-mebuli moqmedebiT SeiZleba damkvidrdes qveyanaSi mSvi-doba, stabiluroba, demokratia.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaree.­SevardnaZe.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­mdivaniv.­goguaZe.

qarTveli­ xalxis­ mtrebma­ saqarTvelos­ esroles,­ esroles­ muxa-naTurad!­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­16­ivnisi.­–­N104­(383).­–­1­gv.

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r. xasbulatovis gancxadeba ganmarta saqa r Tve los respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos

Tav mjdomarem:

wavikiTxe ruseTis federaciis uzenaesi sabWos Tav-mjdomaris gancxadeba mas Semdeg, rac gavecani cnobas dasavleT saqarTvelodan rkinigzis liandagebis ayrisa da diversiebis adgilze dagrovili 15 samgzavro Semad-genlobis Sesaxeb iZulebuli gavxdi Tavi mimenebebina am saqmis mogvarebisTvis, raTa ganmemarta r. i. xasbulato-vis demarSi.

ori dRis winaT Tbilisis mWidrod dasaxlebul raionSi moxda teroristuli aqti, daiRupnen mSvido-biani moqalaqeebi, maT Soris – bavSvebi da qalebi. imave dRes gorSi gvardielebsa da satanko polkis samxedro mosamsaxureebs Soris momxdari Setakebis Sedegad, kvlav daiRvara sisxli. yovelive es – sisxlisRvra, areuloba, anarqia, qaosi, romlebic inspirirebulia demokrati-uli saqarTvelos mowinaaRmdegeTa mier, gvaiZulebs vi-moqmedoT Zalebis ukiduresi daZabviT. Cven Zal-Rones ar viSurebT imisTvis, rom CavaqroT uazro konfliqtis ali cxinvalis regions rom mosdebia.

am situaciasTan konteqstiT r. i. xasbulatovis gancxadeba, mimarTuli ruseTis moqalaqeebisadmi, waaga-vs kidev erT falias, romelic miaqvT denTiT savse kasr-Tan.

SeuZlebelia gancxadebis avtorma ar icodes, rom imas, rac axla saqarTveloSi xdeba Rrmad aqvs gadgmuli fesvi warsuli reJimis politikaSi. Cvens miswrafebas, bolo movuRoT am memkvidreobas, yovelmxriv mxardaWera sWirdeba. amis nacvlad ruseTis parlamentis meTauri akeTebs gancxadebas, romelsac me vafaseb rogorc pop-ulistursa da demagogiurs, gaangariSebuls cnobili wreebisTvis, ase aSkarad rom wamoyves axla Tavi.

r. i. xasbulatovis gancxadeba Seuracxmyofelia su-verenuli, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikisT-vis, romlis mimarT arc ruseTs, arc sxva respublikebs

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ar SeiZleba hqondeT raime teritoriuli pretenziebi.r. i. xasbulatovis gancxadeba wyals uSvebs eqstrem-

izmis wisqvilze, imis miuxedavad, Tu rogor erovnul sa-moselSia gamowyobili.

es aris pirdapiri xelSewyoba im ZalebisTvis, rom-lebic ayalibeben „moxaliseTa“ egreT wodebul le-gionebsa da razmebs da gzavnian maT konfliqtis zona-Si, iseve rogorc deputatTa delegaciebs, arad agdeben erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi iurisdiqciis, suverenite-tisa da teritoriis xelSeuvalobis principebs.

aseTma gancxadebebma SeiZleba CaSalos molaparake-bis is procesi, romelSic monawileobisTvis Cven movi-wvieT ruseTic, rasac mxari dauWira TviT prezidentma b. n. elcinma.

eduard­SevardnaZe1992­wlis­15­ivnisi.­17­saaTi­da­30­wuTi.

r.­ xasbulatovis­ gancxadeba­ ganmarta­ saqarTvelos­ respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomarem­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivnisi.­–­N105-106­(384-385).­–­1­gv.

93

raoden patarac unda iyos saqarTvelo, igi aravis ar miscems uflebas, rom elaparakos

imperiuli diqtatis eniT!

mimarTva ruseTis moqalaqeebs, saxalxo deputatebs

pativcemulo ruseTis moqalaqeno, ruseTis feder-aciis saxalxo deputatebo!

Cveni mimarTva Tqvendami nakarnaxevia saqarTve-lo-ruseTis momavali urTierTobis gamo, saqarTvelosa da ruseTis xalxTa mravalsaukunovani kavSiris bedis gamo SeSfoTebis grZnobiT. Cven Segnebuli gvaqvs, Tu ra-oden uprecedentoa aseTi mimarTva, magram es masStabi misTvis Cven ar migviniWebia. arCevani masStabisa – ruse-Tis federaciis moqalaqeebisadmi – ekuTvnis ruseTis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares r. xasbulatovs, romel-mac Tavis ama wlis 15 ivniss momarTvaSi Tqvendami arseb-iTad scada Cveni xalxebis gadakideba. diax, swored ase, rameTu, daaxasiaTa ra cxinvalis regionSi konfliqti rogorc samxreTel osTa eTnosis genocidi da „Tavisi is-toriuli samSoblodan masobrivi gaZeveba“, amiT man neb-siT Tu uneblied sisxlisRvris gagrZelebisaTvis brali daakisra mTel qarTvel xalxs. SeuZlebelia raime sxva daskvnis gamotana r. xasbulatovis im aSkara muqaris gamo, rom ganixilavs ruseTis parlamentSi – „ruseTis federaciasTan samxeT oseTis“ SeerTebis, sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT qarTveli xalxisaTvis misi sasicocxlo istori-uli arealis mniSvnelovani nawilis warTmevis sakiTxs. amiT arsebiTad daSvebulia saqarTvelos respublikis teritoriis nawilis aneqsiis SesaZlebloba, rac suv-erenuli saxelmwifos teritoriuli sxva normebis uxeSi darRvevaa.

saWirod migvaCnia agreTve ganvacxadoT, rom amgvari mimarTvebi ruseTis im zogierTi saxelmwifo da politi-kuri moRvawis cnobil gancxadebebTan erT rigSi dgas, romlebmac mxari dauWires saqarTvelos ekonomikur blokadas, rac mxolod xels uwyobs konfliqtur re-

94

gionSi daZabulobis gaZlierebas da evrovnebaTaSoris da saxelmwifoTaSoris urTierTobis gauaresebas.

yovelive amaSi aSkarad Cans TviTmpyrobeluri im-periuli azrovnebis niSnebi, im dros gamoZaxili, roca saxelmwifoebi Zalis poziciidan ukarnaxebdnen TavianT nebas patara saxelmwifoebs.

aseTia r. xasbulatovis gancxadebis Cveneuli Sefase-ba. saxelmwifo sabWo aseve garkveviT gamoxatavs, rom ar surs Caebas diskusiaSi ruseTis parlamentis spikerTan. Cvens miznad migvaCnia Tavidan aviciloT movlenaTa sa-SiSi ganviTareba, romelic provokaciulad SeiZleba gamoiwvios am aSkarad gauazrebelma, naCqarevma da Cve-ni xalxisaTvis uaRresad Seuracxmyofelma dokumenteb-ma, rom sruliadac ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom zogierTma masobrivi informaciis saSualebam saswrafod gvauwya saqarTvelosa da ruseTis urTierTobaSi warmoqmnili daZabuloba.

es xdeba im dros, roca Cven da ruseTis prezidentma b. elcinma mivaRwieT Tanxmobas Cvens qveynebs Soris didi xelSekrulebis dadebis sakiTxze, roca ruseTis saxel-mwifos meTaurma gamoTqva survili piradad miiRos monawileoba cxinvalSi konfliqtis mSvidobiani mowes-rigebis procesSi, roca TbilisSi b. elcinis davalebiT imyofeba ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministros delega-cia, romelmac Camogvitana winadadeba Cven Soris diplo-matiuri urTierTobis damyarebis Sesaxeb.

gancxadeba-ultimatumi gaismis im dReebSi, roca TbilisSi yofili kavSiris yvela kuTxidan Camosuli avRaneli meomrebi ganixilaven Sinauri konfliqtebis mowesrigebaSi monawileobis sakiTxebs, iqmneba er-Toblivi mravalerovnuli samSvidobo qveganayofi, rom-lis misiaa SeaCeros cecxli da sisxlisRvra cxinvalis regionSi.

gvinda vuTxraT ruseTis demokratiul sazogadoe-briobas, rom veTanxmebiT uZveles WeSmaritebas: „damna-Save arian adamianebi – pasuxs agebs xalxi“. magram amave dros Cveni xalxi is adamianebia, romlebsac surT osebTan

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icxovron mSvidobianad, mravalsaukunovani tradiciis-amebr.

gansakuTrebiT is gvakvirvebs, rom ruseTis parlamen-tis spikerma xma aRimaRla maSin, roca konfliqtis mSvi-dobiani mowesrigeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo politika gaxda. ruseTis yvela patiosan adamians gvsurs vuTxraT, rom 15 ivnisis gancxadebaSi uxeSad aris damaxinjebu-li cxinvalis regionSi saqmis viTarebis realuri sura-Ti. erTi sityvac ar Tqmula Cvens samSvidobo Zalisxme-vaze. gamsaxurdias reJimis damxobis Semdeg rom veweviT; imaze, rom konfliqtis zonidan ruseTis Sinagani jare-bis gayvanis Semdeg Tavi SevikaveT maTi saqarTvelos Sei-araRebuli Zalebis nawilebiT Secvlisagan, ris Sedega-dac maTi poziciebi oseTis SeiaraRebulma formirebebma daikaves.

15 ivnisis gancxadebaSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia „ruseTis jarebis mcire kontingentis mimarT dawolaze“, magram erTi sityvac ar Tqmula imaze, rom osi eqstrem-istebi daesxnen Tavs inJiner-mesangreTa polks da xelT igdes misi samxedro qoneba. aseve araferi Tqmula ruse-Tis teritoriidan konfliqtis zonaSi Semotanil sa-brZolo teqnikaze da „moxaliseebze“, romlebic „ruse-Tis samxreT sazRvrebs icaven, dasaxiCrebul, damwvar qarTvelze, aTobiT nacartutad qceul sofelze, aTaso-biT qarTvel ltolvilze, romlebic, iseve rogorc os-ebi gadaxvewili arian TavianTi dangreuli mamapapuri kerebidan.

aseve ar aris naxsenebi saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelo-bis Zalisxmeva yvela ltolvilis, ganurCevlad maTi erovnebisa, mkvidr adgilebSi dabrunebisaTvis, dumili amjobines.

ltolvilebi dabrundebian. dabrundeba mSvidoba am mravaltanjul miwaze.

Cven yvelafers viRonebT imisaTvis, rom es moxdes saqarTvelos surs gagrZeldes yvelaze keTili urTier-Toba Cvens qveynebsa da xalxebs Soris. Cven vTxovT yve-las, dagvexmaron, mxari dagviWiron am saqmeSi. magram,

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modi nuravis nu SeeSleba: raoden patarac unda iyos saqarTvelo, igi aravis ar miscems uflebas, rom elapa-rakos imperiuli diqtatis eniT. Cven viciT, rom ruseTs aqvs Tavisi saSinao problemebi, magram isini ar unda gadaiWras sxvis xarjze. Cvens mier dawyebuli molapar-akebis procesi oseTis mxaresTan warimarTeba regionSi saqmis viTarebisaTvis ori xalxis pasuxismgeblobis su-liskveTebiT. uxeSi Careva am procesSi uTuod ukuSede-gebs mogvitans. magaliTi yvelas Tvalwin aris da sul ioli dasanaxia aseT CarevaTa Sedegebi – Cveni sazRvre-bis uSualo siaxloves boboqroben gareSe Zalebis mier gaCaRebuli konfliqtebi.

Cven TviTon unda gavakeToT is, rac gvevaleba, re-alobad vaqcioT am konfliqtis mSvidobiani gadawyvetis Cveni politika, radgan es Tu ar movimoqmedeT, ver gan-vaxorcielebT Cvens ocnebas Tavisufal, damoukidebel, demokratiul saqarTveloze. da am saqmeSi progresuli demokratiuli ruseTis mxardaWeris didi imedi gvaqvs.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­saxeliT:

eduard­SevardnaZe,saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomare,

vaxtang­goguaZe,saxelmwifo­sabWos­mdivani.

1992­wlis­16­ivnisi.

raoden­ patarac­ unda­ iyos­ saqarTvelo,­ igi­ aravis­ ar­ miscems­uflebas,­rom­elaparakos­imperiuli­diqtatis­eniT!­/­eduard­Se-vardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivnisi.­–­N105-106­(384-385).­–­1­gv.

97

xorcieldeba uSualo agresia saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris gancxadeba

18 ivnisis 16 saaTze cxinvalis raionSi sami sabrZo-lo vertmfreni ruseTis samxedro-sahaero Zalebis sacno-bi niSnebiT Tavs daesxa saqarTvelos erovnuli gvardiis qveganayofebs, maT poziciebs dauSines 8 raketa, Semdeg vertmfrenebma mcire simaRlidan Seuties qarTul sof-lebs da dauSines maT msxvilkalibriani tyviamfrqvevis ce-cxli. amis Semdeg cxinvalis mxridan daiwyo SeiaraRebul formirebaTa Semoteva, romlis drosac gamoiyenes tankebi da javSantransportiorebi.

amrigad, konfliqti regionSi iZens axal xasiaTsa da masStabs. axla masSi aSkarad monawileoben ruseTis Sei-araRebuli Zalebi, es ki imas niSnavs, rom xorcieldeba uSualo agresia saqarTvelos respublikis winaaRmdeg.

Tavdasxmis dros cxinvalSi imyofeboda ruseTis fed-eraciis Tavdacvis ministris moadgile generali kon-dratievi, romlis Camosvlis ambavi respublikis terito-riaze saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelobam ar icoda.

arsebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, ruseT-saqarTvelos sazRvris CrdiloeT mxares konfliqtis zonaSi xdeba ruse-Tis jarebisa da sabrZolo teqnikis Tavmoyra.

am ukanasknel movlenaTa fonze kidev ufro avismomas-wavebeli xdeba baton xasbulatovis gancxadeba. igi gaxda agresiuli moqmedebis, masSi ruseTis armiis monawileo-bisTvis signali da gamarTleba. axla ukve aSkaraa, rom Sinakonfliqti saqarTveloSi gamoiyeneba sababad Sors gamiznuli imperiuli zraxvebisaTvis, romelic miznad isaxavs saqarTvelos teritoriis nawilis aneqsias da qa-rTveli xalxis daSinebas.

ruseTis samxedro-sahaero Zalebis Setevis Sedegad ar-ian moklulebi da daWrilebi, magram msxverpli gacilebiT didi iqneba, Tu ar Sewyda ruseTis reaqciuli Zalebis mier

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dawyebuli saSiSi da upasuxismgeblo avantiura.me mwams, rom agresiis aqti ganxorcielda ruseTis

prezidentis daukiTxavad, rom moskovSi dabrunebisas igi bolos mouRebs am ugunurebas, imedebs vamyareb ruseTis parlamentis saRadmoazrovne wevrebze, romlebic gaemi-jnebian spikeris samarcxvino gancxadebas. darwmunebuli var agreTve: ruseTis demokratiuli sazogadoebrioba ar dauSvebs imas, rom saqarTvelo-oseTis konfliqti, rome-lic Tavis droze inspirirebuli iyo orive mxaris poli-tikuri intrigebiT, gamoiyenon molaparakebis procesis, demokratiis mSeneblobis CaSlisTvis.

darwmunebuli var: ruseTis armiis meTaurebsa da ofi-crebs Segnebuli aqvT, rom kvlav surT armia CaiTrion didmpyrobelur samxedro avantiurebSi. amis safuZvels maZlevs amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis jarebis sardlis general v. o. patrikeevis pozicia, romelsac ar surs, rom qarTveli xalxis TvalSi rusi jariskaci gaigivebuli iyos damsjelTan da Tavisuflebis damTrgunvelTan.

maqvs Cemi Tanamemamuleebis TavdaWerilobis, sibrZni-sa da didsulovnebis imedi, da movuwodeb maT ar ahyvnen am provokacias. me msurs, rom saqarTveloSi rusma samxedro mosamsaxureebma da maTma ojaxma Seignon: veravin gabedavs xelyos maTi uSiSroeba.

mivmarTav gaerTianebuli erebis organizacias, evro-paSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirs, TanamSrom-lobis Crdiloatlantikur sabWos, evropis gaerTianebebs, sxva saerTaSoriso da regionalur organizaciebs yve-laferi iRonon imisTvis, rom ar dauSvan agresia saqarTve-los respublikis winaaRmdeg.

eduard­SevardnaZe

1992­wlis­19­ivnisi,­Tbilisi

xorcieldeba­uSualo­agresia­saqarTvelos­winaaRmdeg­ /­eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­20­ivnisi.­–­N110­(389).­–­1­gv.

99

Cven yvelani pasuxismgebeli varT momavlis winaSe. Tu sakuTari TavisaTvis ara, Cveni

xalxe bis gulisTvis unda davfiqrdeT imaze, Tu ra pasuxis gacema mogviwevs maTTvis.

eduard SevardnaZis werili aleqsandre ruckois

mis aRmatebulebas baton a. v. ruckois, ruseTis vice-prezidents

aleqsandre vladimeris Ze!am werilis gamogzavna maiZula Tqvenma guSindelma

gancxadebam da zogierTma wina gamosvlam.werili Riaa, iseve rogorc Riaa da sajaroa Tqveni

gamosvlebi. rogorc yovelTvis, vamjobinebdi TqvenTan Sinaurul saubars. magram axla, roca saqme exeba saqarT-velos saxelsa da Rirsebas, mis uSiSroebas, mis sicocx-les, movale var sajarod gamovxato Cemi pozicia.

erTi wlis winaT Cven oriveni safrTxis winaSe aR-movCndiT. Tqvenc da mec sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi partiis saTaveSi mdgomi reaqciuli wreebi gvemuqre-bodnen partiuli inkviziciis samsjavroTi. Cven erT-maneTis gverdiT videqiT agvistos putCis dReebSic, er-Tad vmuSaobdiT demokratiuli reformebis moZraobaSi.

es imis fiqris safuZvels maZlevda, rom TqvenTvis kargad aris cnobili Cemi cxovrebiseuli da politiku-ri filosofia, Zalis politikis mimarT Cemi mtkice uary-ofiTi damokidebuleba, dialogisa da awonil-dawonili gadawyvetilebebisadmi Cemi erTguleba. saqarTvelo-os-eTis konfliqtis Cemeuli Sefasebac kargad cnobili unda iyos TqvenTvis. mimaCnia, rom konfliqti eqstremis-ti politikosebis mier iyo inspirirebuli da misi mow-esrigebis erTaderTi gza politikuri dialogi da mSvi-dobiani molaparakeba gaxlavT.

molaparakebis procesi daiwyo am mdgomareobis sru-li SesabamisobiT, rac safuZvlad daedo Cvens saxelmwifo politikas. saqarTveloSi da mis gareT am molaparakebis

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CafuSvis mravalma cdam ver SegvaCera. informaciulma omma, movlenaTa calmxrivma asaxvam, sazogadoebrivi az-ris Sesabamisma damuSavebam ruseTSi, ukiduresad gaaZne-la Cveni moqmedeba, magram Cven kvlav win miviwevdiT. da ucbad – r. xazbulatovis gancxadeba da muqara, rom ga-nixilaven „samxreT oseTis“ ruseTTan SeerTebis sakiTxs, rac aferxebs Cvens Zalisxmevas da kozirs aZlevs Zalis-mieri gadawyvetilebis momxreebs.

sami dRis Semdeg ki ruseTis samxedro-sahaero Zalebis vertmfrenebi uteven erovnuli gvardiis poziciebs, ro-melic regionSi SeviyvaneT qarTuli soflebis dasaca-vad. Cven es arasdros ar dagvimalavs.

im mtkicebis miuxedavad, rom gaxsnes „sapasuxo gama-frTxilebeli cecxli“, romelsac danakargi ar mohyolia qarTvelTa mxridan, es iyo araprovocirebuli agresi-is aqti, ris Sedegad daiRupnen da daiWrnen adamianebi. Tqveni cnobili muqaris Semdeg maqvs mtkice safuZveli imisa, rom vertmfrenebTan dakavSirebuli es incidenti Sevafaso, rogorc agresiis aqti.

amas winaT, TbilisSi rom damirekeT, sityva-sityviT ase miTxariT: „eskadriliebs avuSveb haerSi da davbombav Tqvens qalaqebs...“.

vicnob ra Tqvens znes da Tqvens gamocdilebas, am sityvebs ar movkidebivar rogorc ritorikas. vifiqre, rom arasworad xarT informirebuli imis Sesaxeb, rac xdeba da amitom gamovgzavne TqvenTan saxelmwifo sabWos wevri valerian advaZe, romlis Sexedulebebi konfliq-tis bunebisa da misi mowesrigebis saSualebaTa Taobaze emTxveva Cemsas. man mogawodaT informacia, romelsac, rogorc megona, unda daerwmunebineT, rom Cven gulwr-felad gvsurs mivaRwioT mSvidobas.

ver dagarwmunaT, da rogorc axla vxedav, verc dagarwmunebdaT, radgan, Tqven xels gaZlevT sxva kursi.

Tqvenma muqaram, xazbulatovis gancxadebam, 18 ivni-sis movlenebma, guSindelma gamosvlam da gancxadebam daadastura, rom es swored asea, Cemi SeSfoTeba safuZ-vliani iyo.

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amierkavkasiis samxedro olqSi da mis farglebs gareT bevri generalia. da Tu yoveli maTgani, gener-al-polkovnik g. kondratievis msgavsad, sxva saxelmwi-foSi yofnisas, gascems „cecxlis wertilebis dabombvis“ brZanebas, imis gafiqrebac ki Semzaravia, Tu ra SeiZleba mohyves amas.

Tqvenma guSindelma gamosvlam mkveTrad gaamwva-va situacia saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi ruseTis jarebis garSemoc, ramac, albaT, SeiZleba misces maT morigi sababi cecxlis gaxsnis brZanebis gasacemad.

Tqvenma gamosvlebma da gamonaTqvamebma masobrivi in-formaciis saSualebebSi gamaxsena avRaneTis omisdroin-deli zogierTi agresiuli gancxadeba. oRond im gansx-vavebiT, rom danakargebis saguldagulod dafaruli cifrebi – milionnaxevari avRaneli da TxuTmeti aTasi sabWoTa jariskaci da oficeri – ar iyo kvalificire-buli, rogorc genocidi. axla gansakuTrebiT aRniSnavT oseTis mxaris danakargebs, amaxinjebT namdvil cifrebs da erTi xalxis tanjvis am Tqveneuli statistikiT sisx-lis Rvrisaken mouwodebT. me ki, roca mowme var yvela danakargisa rogorc erTi ise meore mxridan da ar vasx-vaveb daRupulebsa da WermoSlilebs erovnuli niSniT, radgan isini yvelani Cemi Tanamemamuleni arian, kvlav gonierebis imedi maqvs.

Tqven Cems gacxadebebs cinikuri uwodeT. ucnauri warmodgena gqoniaT cinizmze. ar vikadreb sapasuxod Seuracxyofa mogayenoT. dae, Tqveni msajulebi iyvnen adamianebi, romlebsac Tqveni gamosvlis Semdeg kvlav ga-saWiri daadgaT, roca gazis miwodeba Seuwyvites. Tqvens TvalSi saqarTvelo patara da susti qveyanaa, ruseTi ki didi da Zlieri – imdenad Zlieri, rom mis zogierT xe-lmZRvanels hgonia, TiTqos ufleba hqondes TurqmeneTis gazis miwodeba Seuwyvitos sxva respublikebs.

magram amasTan dakavSirebiT erTi kiTxva minda dagis-vaT: nuTu TqvenTvis sulerTia ruseTis prezidentis b. n. elcinis azri imis Sesaxeb, rom ekonomikuri sanqciebi xels ver Seuwyobs konfliqtebis mowesrigebas.

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me specialurad momyavs misi citata rezoluciidan, rom igi waikiTxon saqarTveloSic, raTa icodnen, rom ruseTSi yvela rodi fiqrobs da moqmedebs ise, rogorc generali ruckoi.

da me darwmunebuli var, rom yovelive amis miuxe-davad, Cemi Tanamemamuleni Rirseulad Sexvdebian axal gansacdels, SeZleben ar dakargon rusi xalxis, TiToeu-li rusis ndoba da pativiscema, samxedro formiani kaci iqneba is, Tu ubralo moqalaqe.

bolo Tveebis movlenebma dagvanaxes, raoden saxif-aToa mxolod dRevandeli dRiT cxovreba. Cven yvelani pasuxismgebelni varT momavlis winaSe. Tu sakuTari Ta-visTvis ara, Cveni xalxebis gulisTvis unda davfiqrdeT imaze, Tu ra pasuxis gacema mogviwevs maTTvis.

eduard­SevardnaZe.Tbilisi,­1992­wlis­21­ivnisi.

Cven­ yvelani­ pasuxismgebeli­ varT­ momavlis­ winaSe.­ Tu­ sakuTari­TavisaTvis­ara,­Cveni­xalxebis­gulisTvis­unda­davfiqrdeT­imaze,­Tu­ra­pasuxis­gacema­mogviwevs­maTTvis.­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­ivnisi.­–­N111(390).­–­1­gv.

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saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris interviu saqarTvelos televizias

– elodiT, rom aseTi situacia Seiqmneboda?– mosalodneli iyo.– unda vifiqroT, rom eqsprezidenti Seecada xeli

SeeSala dagomisSi prezident elcinTan Tqveni Sexvedri-saTvis?

– savsebiT SesaZlebelia, rom maT amis gamo iCqares.– Tqveni azriT, riT damTavrdeba yvelaferi es?– ganiaraRebiT, mxedvelobaSi marto iaraRis amoRe-

ba rodi maqvs, am Zalebs aranairi mxardaWera aRar eqne-baT, radgan xalxma dainaxa maTi namdvili saxe da icis, ras warmoadgenen isini.

saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaris­interviu­saqarTvelos­televi-zias­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­ivnisi.­–­N114­(393).­–­1­gv.

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saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis mimarTva

saqarTvelos mosaxleobisadmi

Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno! dRes, 24 ivniss, dilaadrian, yofili prezidentis

momxreTa SeiaraRebuli banda SemoiWra dedaqalaqSi, ga-naiaraRa Sinagani jarebis erT-erTi qveganayofi, aiRo satelevizio studia da satelevizio anZa. Setakebis dros daiWra ramdenime kaci. televiziisa da radioqse-lis saSualebiT gadaica provokaciuli gancxadebebi da mowodeba, daewyoT SeiaraRebuli gamosvlebi.

xelisufleba saswrafo RonisZiebebs mimarTavs am avantiuris aRsakveTad. gvyavs saTanado Zalebi da sa-Sualebebi wesrigis aRsadgenad.

mivmarTav mosaxleobas – nu ayveba provokaciebs, SeinarCunos simSvide da organizebuloba. RonisZiebebs wesrigisa da stabilurobis aRsadgenad xelmZRvanelobs saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumi, Seqmnilia specialuri Stabi. informacias mogawvdiT sistematurad.

1992 wlis 24 ivnisi, 8.30 wuTi

yofili prezidentis momxreTa SeiaraRebuli am-boxebis gamo, romelic 24 ivniss, gamTeniisas moxda da romlis Sedegadac TbilisSi telestudia da teleanZa daikaves, saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem gadado gamgzavre-ba dagomisSi, sadac ruseTis prezidents boris elcins unda Sexvedroda. respublikis qalaqebsa da raionebSi xorcieldeba yvela dagegmili RonisZieba.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaris­edu-ard­SevardnaZis­mimarTva­saqarTvelos­mosaxleobisadmi­/­Sevard-naZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­ivnisi.­–­N114(393).­–­1­gv.

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saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba

Tanamemamuleno!yofili prezidentis momxreTa banditurma razmeb-

ma TavianTi avantiuristuli aqcia daamTxvies 24 ivniss daniSnul saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdom-arisa da ruseTis prezidentis Sexvedras. am Sexvedris CaSla maTi avantiuristuli gegmis erT-erTi umTavresi nawilia.

minda saqarTvelos mosaxleobas ganvucxado, rom SeTqmulTa gegmebs asruleba ar uweria. demokrati-uli, humanuri, maRali wesrigis, organizebuli saxel-mwifos mSeneblobaze aRebuli Cveni kursi ucvlelia. Tqven erTxel kidev dainaxeT namdvili saxe Cveni xalxis mier gandevnili avtoritaruli reJimis momxreebisa. Sexvedras dagomisSi SeiZleba sasicocxlo mniSvneloba hqondes saqarTvelosaTvis.

mas Semdeg, rac banditebs alya Semoartyes da daka-vebuli poziciebidan gamodevnes, saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumma gadawyvita ar CaSalos dagomisis Sexvedra. darwmunebuli var, rom molaparakeba prezident elcin-Tan da ruseTis sxva xelmZRvanelebTan sikeTes moutans Cvens mravaltanjul qveyanas. erTxel kidev mogiwodebT, Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno, sifrTxilisa da simSvidisak-en da kidev erTxel erTobisaken. Cveni erToba, duRabad Sekruli Cveni rigebi ixsnis saqarTvelos.

gfaravdeT maRali RmerTi.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaris­edu-ard­SevardnaZis­gancxadeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­25­ivnisi.­–­N114­(393).­–­1­gv.

106

gadarCenis gza Tanamoqmedebasa da TanamSromlobaSia

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis sityva stambolis deklaraciis xelmoweris ceremoniaze 1992 wlis 25 ivniss

pativcemulo batono Tavmjdomarev,pativcemulo Savi zRvis auzis saxelmwifoTa meTa-

urebo.1990 wlis dekemberSi, mis aRmatebulebasTan, Turqe-

Tis respublikis prezidentTan saubrisas pirvelad gav-ige, rom arsebobda proeqti, romelic msoflioSi cnobi-li unda gamxdariyo.

axla am gegmam xorci Seisxa Savi zRvis auzis qveynebis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis deklaraciaSi.

bevri CvenganisaTvis ekonomikis gajansaReba demok-ratiaze dafuZnebuli erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobis Camoyalibebis mTavari winamZRvaria. am mxriv evropis procesis farglebSi Savi zRvis auzis saxelmwifoTa ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis gegma ganumeorebel Sanss gvaZles.

magram situaciis saRi Sefaseba gvaiZulebs ganvacxa-doT: deklaraciis monawile TiToeuli qveynis uSiSroe-bis mtkice garantiebis gareSe Savi zRvis ekonomikuri aliansi CaSlis safrTxis winaSe dgas.

Cven Znel droSi vcxovrobT. Savi zRvis auzi ga-didebuli daZabulobis zona xdeba. aq Seikra saSiSi kon-fliqtebis kvanZebi.

ekonomikuris garda, axla saWiroa aqtiuri politi-kuri Tanamoqmedeba, Tanamoqmedeba regionalur doneze erTiani kooperaciuli struqturebis farglebSi.

neba miboZeT, mokled mogaxsenoT Cemi zogierTi mo-sazreba amis Sesaxeb.

107

pirveli.Cven gTavazobT SevqmnaT politikuri, ekonomikuri,

ekologiuri da kulturul-samarTlebrivi integraciis maRali donis regionaluri organizacia.

„Savi zRvis aTeuli“ qmedunariani gaerTianeba rom gaxdes, sakmao droa saWiro, magram ukve axla SeiZleba ganisazRvros, gvsurs Tu ara am gziT siaruli.

saqarTvelos delegacia gTavazobT SevTanxmdeT Savi zRvis qveynebis organizaciis an aliansis Seqmnis Taobaze.

am organizaciis Stab-bina unda daarsdes aq, stam-bolSi, da mieces mas patara mravalerovnuli samdivno generaluri mdivnis meTaurobiT.

Tavmjdomareobas rigrigobiT gasweven saxelmwifo-Ta meTaurebi. aqve stambolSi SeiZleba gaimarTos xolme organizaciis umaRlesi donis yovelwliuri sxdomebi.

Stab-binasa da samdivnoSi iqneba koncentrirebuli politikuri da ekonomikuri integraciis programebis SemuSaveba.

meore.gTavazobT SevqmnaT am organizaciis samuSao orga-

noebi:– sagareo saqmeTa ministrebis komiteti;– Tavdacvis ministrTa komiteti;– evropis gaerTianebebTan, evropis uSiSroebisa da

TanamSromlobis TaTbirTan da sxva saerTaSoriso in-stitutebTan kavSirurTierTobis biuro;

– Savi zRvis garemosa da ekologiis dacvis saagento;– kulturis, sportis, turizmis, kurortebis komite-

ti;– adamianis uflebaTa biuro, eTnikur umciresobaTa

debuleba, religiaTa debuleba;– mewarmeTa asociacia;– vaWrobisa da satranzito tvirTzidvis sakiTxTa

komiteti;– socialur sakiTxTa da migrantebis saqmeTa biuro;

108

– Savi zRvis gadarCenisa da misi resursebis gamoy-enebis organizacia.

mesame.aq warmodgenili TiTqmis yvela saxelmwifo awydeba

konfliqtur situaciebs. ra Tqma unda, ar arsebobs maTi mowesrigebis erTiani recepti, magram, Tu mizanmimarTu-lad vimoqmedebT, koleqtiurad davexmarebiT mxareebs dazavebaSi, SeiZleba warmatebis imedic viqonioT.

gTavazobT SevqmnaT konfliqtebis mowesrigebis cen-tri, romelSic Sevidoda TiToeuli qveynis sam-sami war-momadgeneli. saqarTvelo mzad aris miiRos aseTi centri da uzrunvelyos misi saqmianobis pirobebi.

sasargeblo iqneba agreTve SegveTanxmebina dama-valdebulebeli deklaracia arsebuli sazRvrebis ga-dasinjvaze moratoriumis SemoRebis Sesaxeb, romelic imoqmedebda minimum xuT wels, umjobesia ki – ori aTas wlamde. es sruliadac ar niSnavs, rom am periodSi ar SeiZlebodes molaparakeba sazRvrebis Taobaze.

pirveli nabiji am gzaze SeiZleba iyos cecxlis Sewyvetis SemoReba, romlis dros iuridiulad da faq-tobrivad rCeba mdgomareoba status-kvo.

moratoriumis periodi unda gamoviyenoT ormxriv da mravalmxriv doneebze intensiuri dialogisa da poli-tikuri molaparakebisaTvis.

yvela Cveni qveyana dakavSirebulia evropaSi Sei-araRebuli Zalebis Semcirebis xelSekrulebiT gaTval-iswinebuli valdebulebebiT, magram aris gaurkvevloba Cvens regionSi helsinkis procesis farglebSi SemuSave-bul samxedro dargSi ndobis RonisZiebaTa moqmedebis gamo. es gaurkvevloba unda aRmoifxvras. isini srulad unda gavrceldes Cvens regionzec.

ramdenadac Cven vaSenebT Cvens organizacias Savi zR-vis garSemo, parizis xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebul SezRudvebs aucileblad unda davumatoT SezRudvebi Sav zRvaSi samxedro-sazRvao saqmianobaze.

praqtikulad saqme exeba koleqtiuri SeTanxmebis an konvenciis SemuSavebas samxedro-sazRvao Zalebze – wy-

109

alzeda da wyalqveSa xomaldebze, sanapiro Tavdacvis Zalebsa da samxedro-sazRvao Zalebis pirad Semadgen-lobaze zeda zRvaris dawesebis Sesaxeb.

saqarTvelo gansakuTrebiT aris dainteresebuli amiT. mas surs, rom yofili sabWoTa kavSiris Savi zRvis flotis gamo dava samarTlianad da civilizebulad gad-awydes.

Tu Cven daveTanxmebiT Sav zRvaSi samxedro-sazRvao ZalebisaTvis saerTo limitis dawesebas, romelic arse-bulze gacilebiT naklebi iqneboda, da SevTanxmdebiT Savi zRvis auzis TiToeuli saxelmwifosaTvis kvotebis Taobaze, maSin, darwmunebuli var, SevZlebT davZlioT Savi zRvis flotis sakiTxis garSemo Seqmnili daZabu-loba.

meoTxe.scenidan sabWoTa kavSiris wasvlam iseTi problemac

dagvitova, rogoric aris urTierTvaldebulebani. ram-denadac aq dainteresebuli mxareebia ara marto axalSe-qmnili saxelmwifoebi, aramed isinic, visTanac sabWoTa kavSirs saqmeebi hqonda. samarTliani iqneboda mogve-wvia specialuri saerTaSoriso konferencia, romelic moawesrigebda erTi saxelmwifos gaqrobasa da ramden-ime axlis Seqmnis gamo warmoqmnil samarTlebriv da fi-nansur problemebs.

qalbatonebo da batonebo, aq, bosforis napirebze, Zveli helespontis max-

loblad, magondeba helesa da friqses legenda. isini eZebdnen xsnas kolxeTSi, saqarTvelos im nawilSi, rome-lic Savi zRvis dasavleTis sanapiroze mdebareobs.

axla, CvenTvis am Znel Jams, Tavad Cven veZebT ga-dasarCen gzas, da vxedavT mas Savi zRvis auzis saxelm-wifoebTan Tanamoqmedebasa da TanamSromlobaSi. didi imedi maqvs, rom Tqveni daxmarebiT vipoviT mas.

gadarCenis­gza­Tanamoqmedebasa­da­TanamSromlobaSia­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­ivnisi.­–­N116­(395).­–­1­gv.

110

eduard SevardnaZe: „didi madloba Tbiliselebs, mTlianad qarTvel xalxs,

gansakuTrebiT ki axalgazrdobas!“

sxdomazec xazgasmiT vTqvi da axlac gavimeoreb, rom 24 ivniss xelisuflebam Zalian didi avansi miiRo – xalx-is mxardaWera, TbiliselTa mxardaWera. im tragikul dRes, dagomisSi gamgzavrebamde, qalaqSi gasuls sa-Sualeba momeca TvalnaTliv davrwmunebuliyavi amaSi. didi madloba mas aseTi TanadgomisTvis. 24 ivniss xaz-gasmiT gamoikveTa Tbiliselebis, mTlianad qarTveli xalxis erTsulovani miswrafeba – ar dauSvas diqtat-uris aRorZineba, mxarSi amoudges imaT, visac gulwr-felad surs demokratiuli saqarTvelos mSenebloba. im dRes CemTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani iyo, rom qa-laqSi vigrZeni axalgazrdobis saocari mxardaWera da mzadyofna – CvenTan erTad CaerTos demokratiuli gar-daqmnebis procesSi.

Cemi azriT, swored es aris udidesi monapovari da Sedegi demokratiis mSeneblobis im kursisa, romelsac dRes saqarTvelos xelisufleba adgas. da es gansakuTre-biT mniSvnelovania, radgan axalgazrdoba qveynis imedi da momavalia.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ „didi­ madloba­Tbiliselebs,­ mTlianad­ qar-Tvel­xalxs,­gansakuTrebiT­ki­axalgazrdobas!“­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­ivnisi.­–­N117­(396).­–­1­gv.

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gadavarCinoT qarTuli kultura

saqarTvelos SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebis gaerTianebu-li plenumi, romelic gaimarTa a. w. 10 ivniss da plenu-mis warmomadgenelTa Sexvedra saxelmwifo sabWoSi 16 ivniss mimdinareobda qarTuli kulturis gadarCenis, xsnis egidiT. aris Tu ara saqme marTla ise sagangaSod, rom qarTuli kulturis awmyo da momavali yofna-aryof-nis zRvarze vigulvoT? Tu Cvens realur mdgomareobas miukerZoeblad SevxedavT, qarTuli kulturis pulsi marTlac sagangaSoa. axlandeli wyvetiloba, kulturis krizisi, niWieri SemoqmdebiTi energiis SeCereba mTeli Taobis krizisi iqneba. aTeuli wlebi SeiZleba dasWird-es am Wrilobebis moSuSebas.

avtoritaruli reJimis antagonisturi da avadmy-ofuri siZulvili kulturisadmi mravali faqtoriT aixsneba. kulturis daTrgunvis miswrafeba yovelTvis sazogadoebrivi Segnebis degradirebas isaxavda miznad. kultura qmnis pirovnebas, moqalaqes. maRali kulturiT unda miipyros qarTvelma xalxma msoflio sazogadoe-briobis yuradReba. kulturis avtoritetiT imkvidrebs saqarTvelo Rirseul adgils civilizebul samyaroSi. qarTuli kultura erovnuli sulis gamoxatulebaa. terori kulturaze niSnavs terors erovnul sulze, misi damonebis mcdelobas. qarTuli erovnuli sulis fenomeni kulturaa, kulturulobisaken mudmivi swraf-va da xorcSesxmaa, sxva mizani Cvens xorciel arsebobas ar SeiZleba hqondes.

sasixaruloa, rom qarTulma kulturam, misma Rir-seulma avtorebma, msoflioSi aRiarebulma xelovnebis muSakebma gmiroba gamoiCines, ar daTmes kultura, ar daTmes kulturis maRaladamianuri Rirseba.

Cvenda samwuxarod, unda vaRiaroT, rom Cveni debate-bi, presis furclebze asaxuli msjelobebi ZiriTadad ax-dens im viTarebis konstatacias, rac irgvliv sufevs. sam-wuxarod, ar gvaqvs konkretuli, konstruqciuli naTeli programa. vwuwunebT, rom viRupebiT, magram rogor unda

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gadavrCeT, es ar viciT, ar veZebT im gzebs, romlebic gadagvarCens. ar veZebT imitom, rom es Zalze Znelia, mas bevri fiqri, tanjva-wvaleba da Sroma sWirdeba. aris kidev aseTi Tvalsazrisi – jer davicadoT, parlaments avirCevT da parlamenti mixedavs am saqmeso. kultura, misi bedi iseve ver moiTmens dayovnebas, rogorc upuro-ba. kultura puria Cveni arsobisa, qveyana iqceva da ra dros kulturaao, – es yovlad Seuwynarebeli poziciaa. yoveldRe Tundac nabij-nabij unda gamovnaxoT saSuale-ba, rom kulturis sayrdeni berketebi, materialuri baza ar daingres, ar moiSalos. dRes katastrofuli su-raTis daxatvaSi Sejibreba unayofoa. es yvelam kargad viciT. xelisufleblam, mTavrobam unda aamoqmedos yve-la rezervi, rom ar Sewydes wignis, Taetris, kinos, mxat-vrobis, musikis arqiteqturis SemoqmedebiTi sicocxle.

axla ufro konkretulad unda gaviTvaliswinoT sa-bazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis etapis mkacri pirobebi. es procesi garkveulwilad ulmobelia. samwuxarod, Cven ar viyaviT momzadebuli am moulodneli, qartex-iliviT movardnili procesebisaTvis. sabazro ekono-mikaze gadasvla marTvadi unda iyos. samwuxarod, Cven xSirad mibaZvis doneze, sqematurad viRebT sxvebis ga-mocdilebas Tu Teoriul Tvalsazriss. konkretuli sinamdvilisaTvis mourgeblad sxvaTa TvalsazrisiT gadmoReba ukeTes SemTxvevaSi provincializmia, roca kulturis dabegvrazea laparaki, es sabazro ekonomikis enaze gasagebia, asea es mraval ganviTarebul qveyanaSi. magram zogjer paralelebis meqanisturi gavleba Cvens yofasTan uaryofiT Sedegs iZleva. Cvens sinamdviles sx-vagvari konkretuli Tvisebani aqvs.

qarTuli kulturis msoflio avtoriteti misma zo-gadkacobriulma xasiaTma, farTo humanisturma Tval-sawierma ganapiroba. xalxTa Soris megobrobis, urT-ierTobis is formebi, rac dRes civilizebuli azris monapovrad iTvleba, qarTuli kulturis ZirZvel is-toriul safuZvelSic Zevs. saqarTvelom kvlavac aseTi humanizmiT, Cveni xalxis bunebidan momdinare sulgrZe-

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lobiT, sibrZniT unda izrunos yvela xalxis kultur-is keTildReobaze. pirvel rigSi ki imaT mimarT, vinc Cvens miwa-wyalze cxovroben da saukuneebis manZilze viziarebdiT erTmaneTis Wirsa da lxins. Cven unda viz-runoT afxazebsa Tu osebis, rusebisa Tu ebraelebis, somxebisa Tu azerbaijanelebis, berZnebisa Tu qurTebis da sxva xalxTa kulturebis ayvavebaze.

me mxars vuWer xelovanTa jgufis ideas – Seiqmnas qarTuli kulturis gadarCenis komiteti. me didi pa-suxismgeblobiTa da madlierebiT viReb winadadebas – viTavo am komitetis Tavmjdomareoba. es ar iqneba saxel-mwifo komiteti tradiciuli gagebiT an saministro. aseTi oficialuri struqturebi arseboben. es komiteti saxelmwifosagan unda aRiWurvos makoordinirebeli uflebebiT, romelic mosTxovs xelisuflebas, mTavro-bis institutebs Seasrulos yvela gadawyvetileba, rac kulturis sasicocxlo problemebs Seexeba. komitetma zari unda Semohkras, Cveni xalxi unda moabrunos lit-eraturisa da xelovnebisaken, kulturisaken saerTod es aris siZulvilis, daundoblobis senisagan gankurnebis umniSvnelovanesi gza, Cvenma xalxma siyvarulis taZri-saken unda aiRos gezi. qarTvelma xalxma kultura unda ixsnas, qarTveli xalxi kulturam unda ixsnas.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

gadavarCinoT­qarTuli­kultura­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­ivlisi.­–­N118-119­(398).­–­1­gv.

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amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis prezidents, mis aRmatebulebas baton jorj buSs

pativcemulo batono prezidento,Tavisi damoukideblobis dRes amerikis SeerTebul

Statebs gansakuTrebuli ufleba aqvs ganicdides gamar-Tlebul siamayes imisaTvis, rac amerikelma xalxma gaa-keTa Tavisi qveynisa da mTeli msofliosaTvis.

am dRes, 4 ivliss, Tqven miiRebT gacilebiT meti ra-odenobis saxelmwifoTa molocvebs, romlebic Tavisu-flebisa da demokratiis gzas daadgnen.

saqarTvelo ara marto gulwrfelad ulocavs Seer-Tebuli Statebis xalxs diad dResaswauls, aramed did madlobas uZRvnis amerikelebs, romlebmac SesaZlebeli gaxades Cveni damoukideblobis aRdgena.

gvinda gulwrfeli madloba mogaxsenoT Tqven, bato-no prezidento, SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobas Cvens respublikasTan solidarobis gamo, misTvis gaweuli didi daxmarebis gamo, imis gamo, rom mzad xarT saqarTve-losa da SeerTebuli Statebis urTierTobas safuZvlad daudoT urTierTpativiscema, patiosani partnioroba, megobruli TanamSromloba da Tanamoqmedeba.

saqarTvelo ar daiviwyebs arc Tqvens, batono pre-zidento, gulTbil werils misi damoukideblobis dRes, arc saxelmwifo mdivnis baton beikeris dramatul gamo-Cenas Tbilisis respublikis moedanze ama wlis 26 maiss.

me minda Tqven icodeT – Cven didad vafasebT Tqvens pirad damokidebulebas saqarTvelosadmi, iseve ro-gorc CvenTvis udidesi mniSvnelobis mqone politikur, moralur da materialur mxardaWeras, romelsac gviw-evs SeerTebuli Statebi.

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uguliTadesad gilocavT, batono prezidento, gi-survebT janmrTelobasa da warmatebebs, xolo amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis xalxs – mSvidobas, Tanxmobasa da ayvavebas.

Rrma­pativiscemiTeduard­SevardnaZe.

Tbilisi,­1992­wlis­3­ivlisi.­

amerikis­SeerTebuli­Statebis­prezidents,­mis­aRmatebulebas­ba-ton­jorj­buSs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­ivlisi.­–­N121­(400).­–­1­gv.

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qarTuli mwerlobis kidev erTi aRiareba

qarTuli mwerloba msoflio literaturis erT-er-Ti gansakuTrebuli da mniSvnelovani nakadia, potenci-uri SesaZleblobiT mas SeuZlia kidev ufro Rirseuli adgili moipovos, amis safuZvelia eris mdidari lit-eraturuli memkvidreoba da raRa Tqma unda, Cveni Tana-medrove qarTveli mwerlobis maRalniWiereba.

qarTvel mweralTa pen-centris Seqmna, misi gawevri-aneba saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi, qarTuli mwerlobis Rirsebis aRiarebac aris da amave dros mniSvnelovani nabijic Cveni literaturis CasarTvelad msoflio lit-eraturul procesSi.

vulocav qarTvel mwerlebs kidev erTi nabijis ga-dadgmas Cveni qveynis Tavisuflebis gzaze, maTs gawev-rianebas saerTaSoriso pen-klubSi, axal SemoqmedebiT warmatebebs vusurveb mSobliuri mwerlobis ganviTare-bisa da saerTaSoriso aRiarebis saqmeSi.

eduard­SevardnaZe,saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomare.

qarTuli­mwerlobis­kidev­erTi­aRiareba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­ivlisi.­–­N121­(400).­–­3­gv.

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saqarTvelo kisrulobs valdebulebas imoqmedos mxolod da mxolod Tanxmobis

safuZvelze

eduard SevardnaZis gamosvla evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris 1975 wlis saboloo aqtis xelmoweris dros sasaxle „finlandiaSi“

1992 wlis 9 ivliss

qalbatonebo da batonebo,saqarTvelo didxans eloda am dRes. misTvis igi bevr

rames niSnavs. uwinares yovlisa – evropis sulieri er-Tianobis samyaroSi dabrunebas, romelsac igi istori-ulma bedukuRmarTobam moswyvita.

igi niSnavs agreTve saqarTvelos Sesvlas damou-kidebel demokratiul saxelmwifoTa ojaxSi, romlebic TavianT cxovrebas ufardeben saboloo aqtisa da axali evropisaTvis qartiis uzenaes principebs.

uerTdeba ra maT, saqarTvelo sajarod adasturebs, rom ganuxrelad daicavs helsinkis procesis yvela nor-mas.

igi apirebs agreTve Tavisi wvlili Seitanos misi mTlianobis SenarCunebasa da mis Semdgom ganviTarebaSi.

evropam axlandel mijnas imiT miaRwia, rom safuZ-velTa safuZvlad gaixada saxelmwifoTa Tanxmoba. mis miRwevas axerxebdnen „civi omis“ da evropis gaTiSvis xa-naSic, roca konfrontacia da samxedro dapirispireba zogjer krizisulad saSiS xasiaTs iZenda.

saboloo aqti Tanxmobis instrumentia, romelsac sa-fuZvlad uZevs TiToeulis interesebis gaTvaliswineba da yvelas interesebis SeTavsebis miswrafeba.

saqarTvelo xels awers mas da naTlad aqvs warmod-genili, rom saerTo-evropuli procesi ara marto mniS-vnelovani dokumentebisa da urTierTvaldebulebebis jamia, aramed, uwinaresad saqmeTa warmarTvis meTodia – rogorc saxelmwifoTa SigniT, ise maT Sorisac.

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evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirSi saqarTvelos Semoaqvs ukve SeZenili gamocdileba, ro-melic mowmobs saboloo aqtis principebis pativiscemas – es aris uaris Tqma Zalis politikaze politikis Zalis sasargeblod, calmxriv moqmedebaze – dialogis, molapa-rakebisa da kompromisis sasargeblod.

politikis adamianur ganzomilebas – am „evropis oqros kveTs“ – Cven memkvidreobad viRebT piradi rwmeni-sa da gamocdilebis gamoc da Cveni xalxis humanisturi tradiciebis karnaxiTac. ragind patarac unda iyos esa Tu is qveyana – saqarTvelo ki patara qveyanaa – igi mov-alea daimkvidros Tavi msoflioSi adamianis sicocxlis Rirebulebis, pirovnebis Tavisuflebis, umciresobaTa uflebebis dacvis prioritetebis meSveobiT. mxolod maSin, roca upiratesobas mianiWebs adamianur Rirsebas, igi daimkvidrebs adgils civilizebul erTa ojaxSi da daicavs Tavs, rogorc erovnuli mTeli.

Cven viciT, Tu ra aris Tanxmobis diadi Zala. mas unda veyrdnobodeT dResac, roca kvlav gaCaRda da sa-SiS niSnuls miaRwia uTanxmoebebma, romlebmac SeiZleba mospon yovelive, rac Seiqmna helsinkis procesis wlebis manZilze.

mouwodebs ra amisTvis sxvebsac, saqarTvelo kisru-lobs valdebulebas imoqmedos mxolod da mxolod Tanx-mobis safuZvelze.

Cemi qveynis saxeliT madlobas mogaxsenebT yvelas, vinc mxari dauWira saqarTvelos respublikis gawevriane-bas evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirSi.

Cven gavamarTlebT Tqvens ndobas helsinkis ojaxis ganmtkicebaSi Rirseuli monawileobiT.

saqarTvelo­kisrulobs­valdebulebas­imoqmedos­mxolod­da­mxo-lod­Tanxmobis­safuZvelze­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­10­ivlisi.­–­N126­(405).­–­1­gv.

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aravis Tavdadeba da Rvawli ukvalod ar Caivlis...

eduard SevardnaZis samZimari

10 ivliss batoni eduard SevardnaZe helsinkidan telefoniT esaubra saxelmwifo sabWos aparatis xelmZR-vanelebs da sTxova gadaecaT samZimari am dReebSi tragi-kulad daRupul TanamemamuleTa ojaxebisa da respub-likis mosaxleobisaTvis.

Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno!axla, rodesac saqarTvelo evropis, mTeli msoflios

demokratiul saxelmwifoTa ojaxSi imkvidrebs adgils, Cvens xalxs aqvs didi sixarulisa da molocvaTa miRebis mizezi. dRes saqarTvelo unda zeimobdes, magram am did sixaruls gviSxamavs Cveni xalxis, Cveni qveynis swored im gamarjvebaTa gamo gamwarebuli teroristebis moqmede-ba, ramdeni naTeli sicocxle Seiwires, ramdeni deda Se-moses ZaZiT. me axla ufro mimZims, rom TqvenTan ara var, rom uSualod gamomexata Cemi Tanadgoma.

mivmarTe yvela ojaxs, sadac dRes glovaa – miiReT Ce-mgan gulwrfeli samZimari, cremli da gulistkivili. es yvela Cvenganis saerTo tragediaa.

saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis da damoukideblobisT-vis gmirulad daRupulTa Tu msxverplad SewirulTa si-cocxle saqarTvelos gaaZlierebs da gananaTlebs. dro yovelTvis gaarCevs, aravis Tavdadeba da Rvawli ar Caiv-lis ukvalod.

RmerTi iyos Cveni qveynis mfarveli.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

samZimari­:­aravis­Tavdadeba­da­Rvawli­ukvalod­ar­Caivlis...­/­Se-vardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­ivlisi.­–­N127­(406).­–­1­gv.

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Cven avaSenebT demokratiul saxelmwifos!

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis sityva evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris umaRle-si donis Sexvedris (helsinki-2) 1992 wlis 10 ivlisis sxdomaze

pativcemulo batono Tavmjdomarev,pativcemulo saxelmwifoTa da mTavrobaTa meTaurebo,Cven SevikribeT im dros, roca evropis uSiSroebis

problemebs meti mniSvneloba eniWeba, vidre evropis Ta-namSromlobis problemebs.

evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris wevri axali damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebis umravlesoba mwvave kriziss ganicdis.

aRmosavleT-dasavleTis globaluri konfrontacia Secvala umwvavesi saSinao konfliqtebis seriam. es kon-fliqtebi romlebic evropisa da evraziis sivrceSi to-talitaruli sistemebis kraxiT gamowveuli teqtoniku-ri Zvrebis Sedegia, sul ufro iqceva regionaluri da msoflio daZabulobis kerebad. Sinauri konfliqtebis destruqciul zemoqmedebas aZlierebs uamravi sxvadasx-vagvari Setakeba: saxelmwifoTaSorisi, mravalmxrivi, sub-regionaluri, arasamxedro, Cernobilis tipis, konfesion-alur safuZvelze, da bolos, konfliqtebi evropis gareT, romlebsac Zlieri biZgebi mohyveba kontinentis siRrmeSi.

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlisa da varSavis xelSekrulebis likvidaciis Semdeg axali saxelmwifoebis Camoyalibebis procesSi ikveTeba ori tendencia, ori gza: demokratiuli ganviTarebis gza da totalitaruli reJimebis reanimaci-is safrTxe. ekonomikuri ngrevis, Sinauri konfliqtebis, dabali politikuri kulturis avismomaswavebel fonze es meore tendencia sayovelTao safrTxis masStabs iZens.

ar yofila arc erTi helsinkuri „kalaTi“, romelsac Zlieri cvlileba ar ganecados. fineTis prezidentis mau-no koivistos sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, evropas emuqreba ax-

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ali ganxeTqileba keTildReobisa da siRatakis sazRvar-Tan dakavSirebiT. magram gansakuTrebiT Zlier zaraldeba adamianurobis ganzomileba, adamianis, xalxebisa da um-ciresobebis uflebebi.

konfliqtebi, iaraRis mitacebis, aRviraxsnili dam-naSaveobisa da materialuri siRatakis atmosferoSi katastrofulad gaufasurda adamianis sicocxle.

axali krizisuli tendenciebis mozRvaveba niadags ac-lis damkvidrebul warmodgenebs uSiSroebisa da mSvido-bis dacvis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb.

unda vaRiaroT, rom evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamS-romlobis institutebi mzad ar aRmoCndnen drois am ax-ali gamowvevis winaSe.

es konstitucia saeWvod rodi xdis saboloo aqtisa da axali evropis qartiis principebs. saqme SeiZleba exebodes da kidec unda exebodes iseTi instrumentebis modelire-bas romlebic dagvexmareba Seucdomlad mivyveT evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris am orientirebs transformirebuli evraziis sivrceSi.

gansakuTrebiT unda vizrunoT SeiaraRebis, erovnul umciresobaTa mdgomareobis, konfliqtebis Tavidan ac-ilebis dargSi gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisa da maTi Ses-rulebisadmi kontrolis ganxorcielebis meqanizmisaTvis, Torem SeuZlebeli gaxdeba momwifebuli saxifaTo tenden-ciebis zusti prognozireba da Tavidan acileba.

evropas sWirdeba axali evropuli procesi, romelic movlenebis kudSi ki ar iCanCalebs, aramed SeZlebs maT marTvas.

Cven axali TvaliT unda SevxedoT helsinkis aT prin-cips, aT „mcnebas“ da SevufardoT isini axal realiebs.

unda vizrunoT gansakuTrebiT ekonomikuri da humani-taruli „kalaTebis“ realuri SevsebisTvis.

mogviwevs evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris efeqtiani funqcionirebis modelis arCeva, rac ioli saqme ar aris. Cvens TaTbirs, rogorc saxelmwifoTa politikur forums, ar amouwuravs Tavisi SesaZlebloba-ni. evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris in-

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stitutebi qmediTia, Zlieri, myari demokratiuli tradic-iebis mqone, mdidari da ayvavebuli saxelmwifoebisTvis, gacilebiT ufro Znelia evropis procesSi im qveynebis Cab-ma, romlebic mwvave politikuri da social-ekonomikuri krizisis, erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobisa da kargaxsnili samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis stadiaSi arian. saerTo situacia iseTia, rom maT Zalze uWirT daewion helsinkis procesis Tundac sagrZnoblad svlaSenelebul matarebels.

saqarTvelo ar aris gamonaklisi am mxriv.iseve, rogorc mravali axali damoukidebeli saxelm-

wifo, saqarTveloc Tavs grZnobs helsinkis procesis daS-orebul periferiad, ara marto geografiulad, aramed fsiqologiurad daSorebulad misi institutebisgan. iqneb Rirda, gangvexila is sakiTxi, rom evropis uSiSroe-bisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris misiebi dafuZnebuliyo, vTqvaT, amierkavkasiaSi, Sua aziaSi da sxva regionebSi.

saqarTvelosTvis, iseve rogorc sxva axali saxelmwi-foebisTvis, ar arsebobs imaze ufro seriozuli proble-ma, vidre erovnuli uSiSroebis uzrunvelyofaa.

helsinkSi Camogvyva Sinaur winaaRmdegobaTa mwvave gancda. Cvens gverdiT gizgizebs sxva, ukve aralokaluri konfliqti, romelsac SeuZlia CaiTrios saqarTveloc da sxva qveynebic.

Cven viswrafviT, Tavad SevqmnaT Cveni uSiSroebis ga-rantiebi da meqanizmebi, magram gvesmis, rom saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa da gaerTianebis mxardauWerlad es Zalze gaWirdeba.

evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirTan, evropis sabWosTan, dasavleT evropis kavSirTan, evropis gaerTianebasTan, natosTan, evrobankTan da sxvebTan da sx-vebTan ufro mWidro kavSirurTierTobis damyarebis gar-da, Cemi azriT, saWiroa vifiqroT evropaSi uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirTan da gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciasTan, mis uSiSroebis sabWosTan ufro metad SeTanxmebul da sinqronul moqmedebaze, gansakuTrebiT

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stabilurobis uzrunvelyofis, konfliqtebis mogvarebis sakiTxebSi.

mxars uWers ra evropaSi uSiSroebis erTiani sivrcis koncefcias, saqarTvelos winadadebaa igi Camoyalibdes im regionaluri sistemebis safuZvelze, romlebic fun-qcionireben evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis farglebSi.

imedismomcem magaliTad SeiZleba gamogvadges Savi zRvis auzis saxelmwifoTa ekonomikuri aliansis Sesaxeb stambolis deklaracia. mas xeli moaweres yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebma da aRmosavleT evropis qveynebSi, natos da evropis gaerTianebis wevrebma. davisa da Sei-araRebuli konfliqtebis miuxedavad. mivaRwieT SeTanx-mebas imis Taobaze, rom saWiroa TanamSromloba. dasana-nia, rom im perspeqtiul wamowyebas ar mohyolia saTanado rezonansi. am dros ki Savi zRvis TanamSromlobis orga-nizaciis sazRvrebSi moeqca ori iseTi afeTqebasaSiSi re-gioni, rogoricaa balkaneTi da kavkasia, – da Tundac mar-to amitom axal regionalur warmonaqmns ufro aqtiuri mxardaWera sWirdeba.

SevarigoT Seurigebeli – aseTi unda iyos Cveni devizi am Znel droSi. swored am mizniT wamoayena winadadeba saqa-rTvelom stambolSi, dafuZndes konfliqtebis Tavidan ac-ilebis regionaluri centri, gamocxaddes moratoriumi sazRvrebis gadasinjvaze, SemuSavdes Savi zRvisa da kavka-siis regionSi ndobisa da demilitarizaciis RonisZiebani, amasTan gaTvaliswindes SeiaraRebisa da SeiaraRebuli Za-lebis, gansakuTrebiT sazRvao Zalebis rac SeiZleba daba-li done.

amis paralelurad, saqarTvelo, romelsac surs xeli Seuwyos evropis uSiSroebasa da TanamSromlobis TaT-biris Zalisxmevas yarabaRisa da sxva konfliqtebis mogva-rebaSi, yovelmxriv Seecdeba, Seiqmnas konsultaciebisa da SeTanxmebis transkavkasiuri meqanizmi.

Cveni azriT, igi organulad Seerwymeba konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebis sistemas.

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roca vsvam kiTxvas, rogori unda iyos evropis uSiS-roebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiri axal pirobebSi, Cven upiratesobas vaniWebT misi organizaciis araformalur meTodebs da moqnil struqturebs, romlebic ufro swra-fi da efeqtiani moqmedebis saSualebas iZleva. amasTanave mxars vuWerT saxelSekrulebo samarTlebrivi komponen-tis gaZlierebis ideas. uwinares yovlisa ki uSiSroebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sferoebSi, agreTve kon-fliqtebis mowesrigebisa da Tavidan acilebis mTliani sistemis formirebaSi.

dRes bevrs vlaparakobT xalxebisa da erovnul um-ciresobaTa uflebebze droa aseve garkveulad daisvas stabilurobisa da mSvidobis dacvisaTvis maTi pasuxismge-blobis sakiTxic. erovnul umciresobaTa protesti yurad unda viRoT. Tumca aravis aqvs ufleba miafuCeCos is faq-ti, rom destruqciuli Zalebi mas angarebiTi miznebiT iyeneben.

Cven dabejiTebiT ganvagrZobT molaparakebas qarT-velTa da osTa konfliqtis mosagvareblad. mjera, rom igi mSvidobiani saSualebebiT gadawydeba. amisTvis aqtiurad vTanamSromlobT ruseTTan. eWvi ar mepareba, rom mis xe-lmZRvanelobas gulwrfelad surs bolo moeRos am kon-fliqts, ise, rom ziani ar miadges saqarTvelos suvereni-tetsa da teritoriul mTlianobas.

uTuoa, rom unda Seiqmnas erovnuli umciresobebis saqmeTa uzenaesi komisris posti. saWiroa ufro zustad ganisazRvros misi mandati. Cveni azriT, uzenaesi komisari ufros Tanamdebobis pirTa komitetis winaSe angariSval-debuli unda iyos.

amasTan erTad, unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom krizisebis marTvisa da Tavidan acilebis sistema SeiZleba uefeqto aRmoCndes, Tu evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbirs ar eqneba mSvidobis dacvisa da damyarebis efeq-tiani saSualebani. Cven mivesalmebiT prezident buSis mimarTvaSi gamoTqmul gadawyvetilebas, rom mxars uW-ers natosa da dasavleT evropis gaerTianebis winadade-bas – daexmaron evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlo-

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bis TaTbirs samSvidobo RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebaSi. Crdiloatlantikuri kavSiris istoriam daadastura, rom es samxedro-politikuri organizacia evropaSi mSvido-bisa da uSiSroebis saqmis erTgulia. Cven gvsurs masTan TanamSromloba, radgan gvesmis raoden didi mniSvneloba aqvs amas axalgazrda damoukidebeli saxelmwifosaTvis.

saqarTvelo mxars uWers agreTve prezidentebis b. elcinisa da l. kravCukis erTobliv iniciativas kon-fliqtebis daZlevisadmi erTiani midgomis SesamuSaveb-lad.

Cven kargad gvesmis sxva saxelmwifoebis teritori-aze ucxoeTis jarebis yofnasTan dakavSirebiT wamoWrili problemebi. ZiriTadad aq yvelaferi naTelia: jarebi unda wavidnen iqidan, sadac ar surT maTi yofna. magram igive evropis uSiSroebis mosazrebani moiTxovs iseT gadawyvetebs, romlebic Tavidan agvacileben axal kon-fliqtebsa da krizisebs.

madlobas mogaxsenebT yvelas, vinc mxari dauWira saqa-rTvelos miswrafebas, gamxdariyo evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris ojaxis wevri. Cven SevasrulebT yvela nakisr valdebulebas, droze movawyobT demokrati-ul arCevnebs, avaSenebT demokratiul saxelmwifos, sadac saimedod iqneba daculi adamianis uflebebi da uzrunve-lyofili – umciresobaTa uflebebi. magram saqarTveloSi ar aris araqarTuli miwebi, amitom yovelTvis aRvkveTT Cveni sazRvrebis Secvlisa da Cveni teritoriuli mTlia-nobis xelyofis calmxriv cdebs.

saqarTvelos unda samarTalsa da samarTlianobaze da-fuZnebuli mSvidoba. am surviliT movediT aq, da gvjera, rom gagvigeben da mxars dagviWeren.

kidev erTxel did madlobas movaxsenebT helsinks, mSvenieri qveynis mSvenier dedaqalaqs, qalaq-simbolos da Cveni cxovrebis niSansvets, fineTis prezidents, mTav-robasa da xalxs.

Cven­avaSenebT­demokratiul­saxelmwifos!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­ivlisi.­–­N127­(406).­–­1,2­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas baton rolan diumas, safrangeTis respublikis saxelmwifo

ministrsa da sagareo urTierTobis ministrs

Zvirfaso megobaro,CemTvis auwereli siamovnebaa mogilocoT safran-

geTis erovnuli dRe, magram kidev meti siamovnebaa, visargeblo am SemTxveviT, raTa erTxel kidev giTxraT, raoden didad vafasebT me da Cemi kolegebi rom, gvxv-da bedniereba mTeli am wlebis manZilze gvemuSava da gvqonoda urTierToba TqvenTan, iSviaTi niWis, maRali inteleqtis, daxvewili iumoris kacTan da WeSmarit pro-fesionalTan, safrangeTis prioritetTan, romelmac say-ovelTao pativiscema daimsaxureT.

mixaria, rom SemiZlia giTxraT dRes es Tqven da gi-survoT yovelive saukeTeso.

megobruli survilebiT

e.­SevardnaZe

mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­rolan­diumas,­safrangeTis­respublik-is­saxelmwifo­ministrsa­da­sagareo­urTierTobis­ministrs­/­Se-vardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas baton icxak rabins, israelis saxelmwifos premier-ministrs

pativcemulo batono rabin, miiReT Cemi gulwrfeli molocva israelis mTavro-

bis meTauris maRal postze Tqveni daniSvnis gamo.qveynis xelmZRvanelobaSi Tqvens mosvlas Cven vukav-

SirebT saqarTvelos respublikasa da israelis saxelm-wifos Soris mravalmxrivi urTierTobis ganviTarebis, agreTve axlo aRmosavleTSi mtkice da samarTliani mow-esrigebis miRwevis saqmeSi progresis imedebs.

gisurvebT, Tqveno aRmatebulebav, warmatebebs, is-raelis xalxs ki mSvidobasa da ayvavebas.

pativiscemiT

e.­SevardnaZe.

mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­icxak­rabins,­israelis­saxelmwifos­pre-mier-ministrs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas baton fransua miterans, saf rangeTis respublikis prezidents

pativcemulo batono prezidento,safrangeTis erovnul dRes miiReT qarTveli xalxis

gulwrfeli da mxurvale molocva, romlis gadmocema WeSmaritad udides siamovnebas maniWebs.

am dRes vixsnebeT ara marto safrangeTis did revo-lucias, aramed im did wvlilsac, safrangeTSi, piradad Tqven, batono prezidento, rom SeitaneT Cemi respublik-is mier Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis miRwevaSi.

gamovTqvam rwmenas, rom Cveni xalxebis megobrobisa da TanamSromlobis tradiciebi, maTi sulieri da kul-turuli siaxlove momavalSi kidev ufro farTod ganvi-Tardeba.

gisurvebT janmrTelobasa da warmatebebs, safrange-Tis xalxs ki mSvidobasa da ayvavebas.

keTili grZnobebiT Tqveni

e.­SevardnaZe.

mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­fransua­miterans,­safrangeTis­respub-likis­ prezidents­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.

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qveynisa da xalxis bedze pasuxismgeblobis SegnebiT

eduard SevardnaZis mimarTva saqarTvelos mosaxleobas

Zvirfaso megobrebo, 14 ivliss moxda mniSvnelovani movlena – cxinvalis

regionSi samSvidobo mizniT Sevidnen saqarTvelos, ruseTis da oseTis SezRuduli samxedro formirebebi, magram es ar niSnavs qarTvelTa da osTa konfliqtis in-ternacionalizacias. umaRles doneze dagomisis Sex-vedris SeTanxmebaTa Sesabamisad, Cven Segnebulad gada-vdgiT es nabiji, rom am uazro da umizno sisxlisRvris Sesawyvetad ori saxelmwifos Zalisxmeva gagveerTiane-bina. rogorc cnobilia, cxinvalsa da yazbegSi molapa-rakebam realuri Sedegi ver mogvitana. amasTan dakav-SirebiT ruseTis faqtoris gaTvaliswineba gardauvali aRmoCnda.

iyo sxva gzac. SeiZleboda gveTxova gaerTianebu-li erebis organizaciisa da usafrTxoebis evropuli struqturebisTvis saTanado samxedro formirebaTa SemoyvaniT gaemijnaT ori dapirispirebuli mxare. pi-radi gamocdilebiT vici, rom aseTi gadawyvetilebis miRebas Tveebi dasWirdeboda, cecxlis Sewyveta da sisxlisRvris SeCereba ki xvalindeli ki ara, dRevande-li amocanaa. daZabulobam kulminacias miaRwia. marto erovnulma gvardiam sul raRac Tve-naxevarSi 55 rCeu-li axalgazrda dakarga, daiRupa mravali moqalaqe, milicieli, bavSvi, qali, moxuci. gavixsenoT gorSi datrialebuli tragediac. gacilebiT metia msxverpli osTa mxares. esec xom Cveni qveynis tkivilia, isinic xom saqarTvelos moqalaqeni iyvnen: ori azri ar SeiZleba iyos: omi, romelic politikurma intrigebma Tavs moax-vies qarTvelebsa da osebs, unda Sewydes. asea saWiro damoukidebeli saqarTvelosTvis. amas moiTxovs daRu-

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pulTa xsovna. eWvi ar mepareba – dRevandeli da momava-li Taobebi ar apatieben omis gamCaRebelT. samSoblos, qarTvel da osi xalxebis interesebi TavianT pirad an-garebiTs ambiciebs rom anacvales.

udavod mniSvnelovani iqneba konfliqtis mSvido-bian mogvarebaSi ruseTis prezidentis konstruqciuli wvlili.

dRes laparakia imaze, rom regionSi samSvidobo mi-siis razmebis Seyvanas mohyveba RonisZiebaTa mTeli komp-leqsi, romelmac momavali mSvidoba unda uzrunvelyos.

Seiqmna sakontrolo da sameTvalyureo komisiebi, romelTa gankargulebaSi iqneba ormocze meti sameTvaly-ureo punqti. cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmebis Sesrulebas gaakontroleben gamoTvliTi teqnikiT, Sveulmfrenebis meSveobiT. Camoyalibdeba erToblivi sainformacio cen-tri, romelic obieqtur cnobebs miawvdis mTel msofli-os.

xom ar gaizrdeba am regionSi ucxo jaris kontingen-ti, xom ar Seilaxeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi su-vereniteti?

saqme is aris, rom ruseTis armiis aq arsebul or qveganayofSi, romelTa piradi Semadgenlobis gayvanaze SeTanxmeba miRweulia, gacilebiT meti jariskaci da oficeria, vidre mSvidobis misiiT Semosuli razmebis ricxobrivi Semadgenlobaa. ase rom, Cvens teritoriaze ucxo qveynis jaris kontingenti mniSvnelovnad Semcird-eba kidec.

ruseTis prezidentTan SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad, samSvi-dobo misiiT Semosuli samxedro nawilebi droebiT gan-lagdebian konfliqtis zonaSi da misiis damTavrebisTa-nave Cveni moTxovnis Sesabamisad datoveben saqarTvelos teritorias. imedi maqvs, rom am razmebisadmi mosaxleo-ba da sazogadoebrioba adamianur siTbos da keTilgan-wyobas gamoiCens.

Cven valdebuli varT cxinvalis konfliqtis mog-varebis process ufro globalurad SevxedoT da hel-sinkSi axlaxan damTavrebuli Sexvedris gadawyvetile-

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baTa moTxovnebs mivusadagoT. iq miRebul dokumentebs udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelosaTvis, iseve, ro-gorc sxva qveynebisTvis. es, SeiZleba iTqvas, demokrati-uli ganviTarebis, suverenitetis dacvis, teritoriisa da sazRvrebis xelSeuxeblobisa da Tavisuflebis did garantiebs gvaZlevs.

aqve ar unda dagvaviwydes Cemsa da ruseTis prezi-dents Soris soWsa da, Semdeg helsinkSi gamarTuli molaparakebis, soWSi Sexvedris Semdeg xelmowerili komunike, romelTa meoxebiTac ruseTTan urTierToba mTlianad normalizebulia da mtkice politikur safuZ-vels emyareba. da Tu konfliqtis mogvareba SeTanxmebu-li gegmis mixedviT warimarTa, maSin ruseTTan erTad es iqneba saqarTvelos Rirseuli wvlili eTnikuri kon-fliqtebis gadaWris saerTaSoriso praqtikaSi. mogex-senebaT, swored eTnikuri konfliqtebi iTvleba Tana-medroveobis urTules problemad.

Cven yvelafers viRonebT imisTvis, rom gagrZeldes saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris dawyebuli kontaqtebi da TanamSromloba, ramac unda uzrunvelyos cxinvalis regionSi samSvidobo misiis operaciis warmateba da sa-fuZveli Cauyaros Cvens qveynebs Soris axali tipis urT-ierTobaTa mSeneblobas, qarTvelTa da osTa tradici-uli megobrobis aRdgenas.

Cveni gadawyvetileba uwinaresad imis Rrma gagebiT da surviliT aris nakarnaxevi, rom cxinvalis konfliq-ti, iq warmoqmnili problemebi Cveni saSinao saqmea da man sxva ganzomileba ar unda miiRos. Cven gagviCnda am re-gionSi cecxlis Sewyvetis da momavalSi mSvidobis dam-yarebis realuri Sansi da igi xelidan ar unda gavuSvaT.

imedi maqvs, rom es Cveni Zalisxmeva konfliqtis mos-agvareblad SeumCneveli ar darCeba mTel msoflios, da saqarTvelo, romelic ase TavgamodebiT eswrafvis yve-la sadavo sakiTxis mxolod mSvidobiani gzebiT mogva-rebas, ara marto politikur da moralur TanagrZnobas miiRebs, aramed uTuod ekonomikuri da finansuri dax-marebis garantiebsac ganimtkicebs.

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qalaq cxinvalis da dangreuli soflebis, gzebisa da sazogadoebriv nagebobaTa aRdgena miliardebi da-jdeba. ra Tqma unda, es umZimesi tvirTi saqarTvelos SesaZleblobas aRemateba, aucilebelia mowodebiT mivm-arToT saxelmwifoebs, saerTaSoriso organizaciebs, sx-vadasxva fondebs daexmaron Cvens qveyanas omis Sedegebis daZlevaSi. aq igulisxmeba is didi xarjebic, romlebic dakavSirebulia aTiaTasobiT ltolvilis dabrunebas-Tan. konfliqtis mSvidobiani mowesrigebisTvis gaweuli xarjebi gacilebiT naklebia, vidre is zarali iqneba, ro-melsac brZolis gagrZeleba da gafarToeba mogvitans. ma-gram gana SeiZleba vilaparakoT fulad ganzomilebaze, roca laparakia asobiT da aTasobiT adamianis sicocx-leze, qarTveli da osi xalxebis awmyosa da momavalze!

me madlobas movaxseneb Cems xalxs, romelmac momca rwmuneba 24 ivnisis dasamaxsovrebel dRes Sevxvedro-di ruseTis prezidents, SemdgomSi monawileoba mimeRo stambolisa da helsinkis TaTbirebSi, xeli momewera Se-TanxmebisaTvis, romelsac Cveni qveynisaTvis saarsebo mniSvneloba aqvs.

saxelmwifo sabWoze ganvacxade da axlac sajarod va-dastureb, rom zemoxsenebul dokumentebze xeli movaw-ereT qveynisa da xalxis bedisTvis pasuxismgeblobis sru-li SegnebiT.

gmadlobT mxardaWerisaTvis!

qveynisa­da­xalxis­bedze­pasuxismgeblobis­SegnebiT­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivlisi.­–­N131(410).­–­1­gv.

133

eduard SevardnaZe: meored mosvla

sxvadasxvagvarad SeiZleba SevafasoT am kacis moR-vaweoba, magram msoflios politikur cis kabadonze rom igi friad araordinaruli pirovnebaa, sruliad ueWvelia: marto misi saxelis gulisTvis saqarTve-lo praqtikulad msoflios yvela wamyvanma qveyanam cno.eduard SevardnaZes esaubreba Cveni specialuri ko-respondenti v. saviCevi.

sxva gazeTebidan: „argumenti i faqti“, 1992 w. (610-611)

– sul cota xnis winaT Tqvens interviuebSi ambobdiT xolme, saqarTveloSi aRarasodes aRar davbrundebio.

– me movale viyavi davbrunebuliyavi, radgan vgrZnob-di, rom SemiZlia raRac vargo Cems respublikas, sadac didi krizisia.

– yvelam viciT, rom mravali wlis manZilze saqarTve-loSi, meti rom ar vTqvaT, arcTu didad gcemdnen pativs. rogor dagxvdnen Tqveni Tanamemamuleni?

– ukeT, vidre movelodi da dRes, roca sul sami-oTxi Tve gavida, vgrZnob, cxadia, ara srul, magram sakmaod mZlavr mxardaWeras. gansakuTrebiT mkafiod vigrZeni es amaswindeli gadatrialebis cdis dros. xalxma maT mxari ar dauWira. xalxs mSvidoba, demokratia da sazogadoe-bis konsolidacia moswyurda. am mxriv Cveni miswrafeba-ni mTlianad daemTxva.

– Tqven rogoriRa dagxvdaT respublika?– Zalze mZime mdgomareobaa, magram ara uimedo. axla

roca Tavi davaRwieT saerTaSoriso izolacias, Segvi-Zlia ganviTarebuli qveynebis daxmarebis imedi viqoni-oT. Cveni azriT, am krizisis daZleva SesaZlebelia.

– 1991 wlis agvistoSi „TeTri saxlis“ win xalxi erTxmad gaiZaxoda: „ruseTi! SevardnaZe!“. Tqveni saxeli demokratiis Taviseburi simbolo gaxda, Tanac – ara mar-to ruseTSi. amitom bevrs elda eca, roca Tqven sajarod

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moiwoneT respublikis kanonierad arCeuli mTavrobis ZaliT damxoba.

– me marTlac moviwone gamsaxurdias reJimis damxoba, radgan naTlad mesmoda, Tu ra SeiZleboda mohyoloda amas saqarTvelosTvis. saerTod mikvirda, rogor moax-erxa gamsaxurdiam adamianebSi Savbneli Zalebis gamoR-viZeba. CemTvis ucnobi iyo aseTi saqarTvelo. CemTvis es aRmoCena gaxldaT. maT xom saqme iqamde miiyvanes, rom inteligenciis bevri warmomadgeneli da Cveni axalgaz-rdoba – Cveni xvalindeli dRe – ucxod grZnobda Tavs sakuTar qveyanaSi. sityviT gaafTrebuli antikomunis-turi propaganda gaCaRda, saqmiT ki igive komunisturi struqturebi SemorCa, oRond ufro gawafuli formiT. istoriaSi araerTxel momxdara, rom xalxs viRaca aurCe-via, es arCeuli kaci ki gadidaqtorebula. me mwams, rom saqarTvelo demokratiuli ganviTarebis gzas daadgeba. Tu am ideas jerovnad ar auWires mxari, arCevnebSi monaw-ileobas ar miviReb.

– ra gezs adgaxar sagareo politikaSi?– uwinares yovlisa, megobrebze gvaqvs aRebuli gezi.

da arcTu didi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, Tu sad iqnebian isini – amerikaSi, ukrainaSi Tu aziaSi. TurqeTi Cveni uaxloesi mezobelia. gana SeiZleba am qveyanasTan urT-ierToba ar ganvaviTaroT? an uruseTod rogor SeiZle-ba? pirdapir warmoudgenelia, rom movwydeT ruseTis ekonomikas, kulturas...

– mravali azriT, Tqven sakmaod ucnauri amala gar-tyiaT gars. yofili disidentebi, romlebic respublik-is centraluri komitetis pirvel mdivnad Tqveni yofnis dros patimrebi iyvnen: Tqvens erT-erT uaxloes TanaSem-wes – jaba ioselians danaSaulebrivi warsuli da friad saeWvo reputacia aqvs. rogor grZnobT Tavs aseT gare-mocvaSi?

– Seicvala dro, msoflmxedveloba, Seicvalnen Tav-ad adamianebic, maT Soris mec. imaTi umravlesoba, visac Tqven gulisxmobT, didad ganaTlebuli xalxia da, rag-

135

ind paradoqsuladac unda mogeCvenoT, dRes swored maT wreSi vgrZnob met gagebasa da mxardaWeras. rac Seexeba jaba ioselians, me ubralod miyvars es kaci. Cven didi xnis megobroba gvakavSirebs. rTuli bedis kacia, magram Tavis Tavs rom ajoba, es imazec metyvelebs, rom suliT Zlieri da nebisyofiania. dRes igi saxelmwifo sistemaSi erT-erTi mTavari figuraa.

– rogor gesaxebaT saqarTvelos momavali saxelm-wifo wyoba?

– umravlesoba saparlamento mmarTvelobis momxrea, Tanac, maTi azriT, prezidentobis instituti, miuRebe-lia dRevandeli saqarTvelosTvis. mec am azrs vadgavar. magram saparlamento mmarTvelobamac, roca politiku-ri kultura maRali ar aris SeiZleba garkveuli prob-lemebi Segviqmnas, iqneb raime originaluri movifiqroT: saparlamento mmarTveloba da raRacnairi niuansebi.

– xSirad momikravs yuri, xalxi politikam ki ara, im politikosebma daRaleso, romlebic xalxisTvis gauge-bar TamaSs TamaSobeno. vTqvaT, dRes ori xelmZRvaneli saqveynod lanZRavs erTmaneTs, xval ki ukve xvevna-koc-naSi arian. xalxebi jerjerobiT ver SeeCvivnen ase swra-fad Serigebas. nuTu ar SeiZleba politikaSi es TamaSebi ar viTamaSoT?

– roca mesmis xolme, politikaSi TamaSis wesebi unda davicvaTo, Sinagani aRSfoTeba meufleba. ro-mel TamaSzea laparaki?! am TamaSebma ukve wagvatexina kiseri. me mgonia, xalxi politikosebma ki ara politi-kanebma daRales, romlebic uwinaresad sakuTar Tavs xe-daven politikaSi da ara xalxis, qveynis interesebs. ai, swored es politikanebi, rogorc osuri, ise qarTuli mxridan, cdilobdnen yvelasTvis daenaxvebinaT. ai, ro-gori Seupovari varo. da es xdeba rogorc erTi, ise meo-re xalxis xarjze.

– vTqvaT da, moxerxda osuri problemis politikuri mxaris gadawyveta. magram SeZleben Tu ara isini erTad cxovrebas mas Semdeg, rac erTmaneTs damarTes? SesaZle-belia am SurisZiebis Sewyveta?

136

– darwmunebuli var, rom bolos da bolos viswavliT erT saxelmwifoSi erTad cxovrebas. CemTvis araviTari gansxvaveba ar aris – osebi, qarTvelebi, afxazebi... Cven yvelani erTi qveynis moqalaqeni varT, JamTa viTarebaSi xalxi gaerkveva, vin politikosia, vin – politikani.

– damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis wevri Tu gaxdeba saqarTvelo?

– dResdReobiT Cven xels gvaZlevs is urTierToba, romelic calke, TiToeul respublikasTan yalibdeba. hoda mzad varT aseTi urTierToba ganvaviTaroT yvelas-Tan damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa TanamegobrobaSi axla samxedro-strategiul sivrceSi ufro mets laparakoben, vidre ekonomikur Tu politikur integraciaze. ai, es ki sruliad ar gvaZlevs xels.

– saqarTveloSi xSirad gamigonia, ruseTs dRemde blokadaSi vyavarTo. riT gamoixateba es?

– amJamad araviTari blokada ar aris. boris elcin-Tan Cemi Sexvedris dros man aseTi rezoluciac ki daw-era, blokada xels ar uwyobso konfliqtis mogvarebas.

– gamsaxurdiasTvis Tqven upirvelesi mteri iyaviT; miuxedavad amisa, Tqveni Svilebi mTeli am drois manZil-ze saqarTveloSi cxovrobdnen. xom ar idevnebodnen ra-menairad?

– ara. aseTi araferi yofila.– ramden xans grZeldeba Tqveni samuSao dRe?– ai, dReSi xuT saaTs Tu wavuZineb, ukve kargia. imisT-

visac ki ar mcalia, rom rame wavikiTxo. magram jer-je-robiT ara miSavs ra, „formaSi“ vgrZnob Tavs. erT-erTi, risTvisac vpoulob dros (isic – iZulebiT), – es aris qa-rTuli xelovneba, romelic unda gadavarCinoT. amitom xandaxan TeatrSic unda wavide, filmebic vnaxo.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­meored­mosvla­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­18­ivlisi.­–­N132­(411).­–­2­gv.

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molodinis, erTobis, Serigebis mZime dReebi

Cven samegreloSi CamovediT, raTa ukeT gaverkveT aq, saqarTvelos am istoriul, tradiciebiT mdidar re-gionSi Seqmnil situaciaSi. me vici, rom Cveni Sexvedre-bi da saubrebi soflebsa da sawarmoebSi ar iqneba da ar SeiZleba iyos advili, radgan saqarTvelo dRes gaiTiSa ramdenime banakad, Zma Zmas eomeba, dausjelad moqmedeben damnaSaveTa jgufebi. xalxs ara aqvs xvalindeli dRis elementaruli rwmena.

axla mTavaria mivaRwioT mSvidobasa da Tanxmobas, bolo movuRoT destabilizacias am regionSi, mivceT aqaur mosaxleobas normaluri yofisa da cxovrebis sa-Sualeba, gaviyvanoT aqedan SeiaraRebuli formirebebi, – am moTxovnebiT Caiara saxelmwifo sabWos Sexvedrebma martvilSi, abaSaSi, xobSi, senakSi...

[...]

molodinis,­erTobis,­Serigebis­mZime­dReebi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­24­ivlisi.­–­N136­(415).­–­1­gv.

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Sexvedra saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWoSi

gulTbili Sexvedra mouwyves TurqeTis premier-min-istrs suleiman demirels da mis Tanmxleb pirebs saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWoSi. sapatio stumrebs miesalma saxelmwifo sabWos Tavm-jdomare eduard SevardnaZe. man Tqva:

saqarTvelos mTavrobis da Cveni xalxis saxeliT minda mi-

vesalmo Cvens did stumars, Cveni didi mezoblis – TurqeTis

aRiarebul liders evropasa da aziaSi, msoflioSi cnobil

saxelmwifo moRvawes, TurqeTis respublikis premier-minis-

trs baton demirels, romelic dRes oficialur vizitad imy-

ofeba saqarTveloSi. aseve minda gulwrfelad mivesalmo mis

Tanmxleb pirebs, Cvens megobars – sagareo saqmeTa ministrs ba-

ton CeTins da sxva ministrebs, deputatebs, biznesmenebs, Jur-

nalistebs, sazogado moRvaweebs, romlebic Tan axlavs baton

premier-ministrs CvenTvis agrerigad mniSvnelovan mogzau-

robaSi. es istoriuli movlenaa saqarTvelosaTvis.

mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelom, Cvenma xalxma Tavisufleba

da damoukidebloba moipova, aseTi rangis da aseTi mniSvnelo-

bis viziti pirvelia saqarTveloSi. da raoden sasixarulo da

misasalmebelia, rom CvenTan CamobrZanda uaxloesi mezobeli

qveynis – TurqeTis premier-ministri. amas principuli mniS-

vneloba aqvs dRevandeli saqarTvelosaTvis. me mgoni, aravis

sWirdeba ganmarteba imisa, Tu ra aris TurqeTi da TurqeTis

saxelmwifo.

TurqeTis roli sruliad axalia da axleburad gvesmis.

TurqeTi didi saxelmwifoa Tavisi didi inteleqtualuri po-

tencialiT da, gansakuTrebiT, misi didi momavliT. TurqeTi

momavlis qveyanaa, igi swrafi nabijiT midis win, viTardeba

misi mecniereba, kultura. mTavari is aris, rom TurqeTma am

bolo wlebSi iTava mSvidobis misia umniSvnelovanesi sakiTx-

ebis mogvarebaSi. helsinkis istoriul aqts, romelsac kardi-

naluri mniSvneloba aqvs mTeli msofliosaTvis, xeli moawera

swored batonma demirelma da igi am istoriuli momentis

erT-erTi avtori gaxlavT. es TvalnaTliv migvaniSnebs Tur-

139

qeTis axal rols, axal adgils dRevandel msoflioSi, dRevan-

del evropaSi.

Cven, SedarebiT patara qveynebs, SedarebiT mcirericxo-

van xalxebs, gansakuTrebiT mis mezoblebs didi imedi gvaqvs

TurqeTisa, TurqeTma iTava am moZraobis lideroba, romelsac

Savi zRvis auzis qveynebis TanamSromloba hqvia, amjerad, am

etapze – ekonomikuri. magram Rrmad mjera, rom es iqneba ufro

farTo speqtris, didi masStabis TanamSromloba am regionSi.

roca laparakia kavkasiaze, imaze, rom kavkasia erT-erTi

yvelaze rTuli, – albaT Cvens planetaze dRes aseTi mdgo-

mareobis gamo, konfliqtebis gamo, – feTqebadi regioni gax-

da, Cven mivesalmebiT TurqeTis mSvidobismoyvarul sagareo

politikas, romelsac TurqeTis mTavroba, misi xelmZRvanelo-

ba da misi premier-ministri axorcieleben. batonma demirelma

dRes brZana, rom is sisxlxorceuladaa dainteresebuli, raTa

kavkasiaSi, Cvens am Znel regionSi damyardes mSvidoba, xalx-

Ta Soris megobroba, urTierTgageba da keTilmezobloba. da,

ra Tqma unda, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos mSeneblobisaTvis

udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs am did mezobelTan keTil urTier-

Tobas.

dRes batonma demirelma brZana, rom Cven ara marto me-

zoblebi, aramed Zmebic varT. Cven am rangis meTaurTagan

mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi pirvelad gvesmis aseTi sityvebi.

da Rrmad mjera, rom es aris Cveni didi megobris, didi mezob-

lis, didi saxelmwifo meTauris guliT naTqvami, wrfeli naTq-

vami. bevri kargi sxva sityvac iTqva dRes, da me mjera, rom es

martooden sityvebi ki ara, saqmea.

aseTi ram istoriaSi ar gvqonia da Cven istorias amiT vi-

wyebT. da kargia, rom TurqeTTan viwyebT didi xelSekrule-

bebiT Cveni megobrobis, mezoblobis da urTierTobis Sesaxeb.

– mimaCnia, rom daiwyo urTierTTanamSromlobis didi cx-

ovreba or qveyanas Soris. da bednieri var TqvenTan erTad,

rom gulwrfelad mivesalmo Cvens did megobars.

[...]

Sexvedra­saqarTvelos­saxelmwifo­sabWoSi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­ivlisi.­–­N143­(422).­–­2­gv.

140

sadili sapatio stumris pativsacemad

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem edu-ard SevardnaZem gamarTa sadili TurqeTis premi er-ministris suleiman demirelis pativsacemad. sadi-lis dros batonebma eduard SevardnaZem da suleiman demirelma warmosTqves sadRegrZeloebi

eduard SevardnaZis sityva

didad pativcemulo batono premier-ministro.moxaruli var Cveni xalxis saxeliT mogesalmoT ev-

ropaSi, aziaSi da msoflioSi aRiarebul gamoCenil politikur moRvawes, TurqeTis axali demokratiis fuZemdebels, Tqveni qveynis ekonomikuri aRorZinebisa da socialuri progresis sulisCamdgmels.

oci dRis winaT fineTis dedaqalaqSi SematyobineT, rom apirebT ivlisis damlevs saqarTveloSi Camosvlas. sityva asrulebulia – Tqven CvenTan brZandebiT.

Cveni qveynebis aTaswlovani mezoblobis ganmavloba-Si am miwaze Tqvens mraval Tanamemamules daudgams fexi, magram, Tqven albaT, pirveli brZandebiT maTgan, vinc qa-rTvels uTxra „Tqveni samSoblo CvenTvis moZme qveyanaao“.

es mSvenieri da aqamde CvenTvis uCveulo sityvebi Rirsia imisa, rom saTave daudos qarTul-Turqul urT-ierTobaTa axal eras. axals Tavisi ganwyobiTa da xasiaT-iT, axals am urTierTobis Sinaarsis TvalsazrisiT.

TqvenSi amboben, gamouTqmeli sityva ar arsebobso. me ki ase vityodi: gamoTqmuli sityva ukvdavia, Tu mas mo-hyveba keTili saqme.

Tqveni sityvebi saqmeTaa qceuli. amitomac maT xangr-Zlivi sicocxle uweriaT.

TurqeTSi agreTve amboben: mezobloba Zmobaze Zvir-fasiao. aqac gvsurs davumatoT: mezobloba Zmobaze Zvir-fasia – Tu es aris Zmuri mezobloba.

aseTi ram ucxo iyo Cveni istoriisaTvis. axla, dar-wmunebuli var, aRar iqneba ucxo. stambulSi Tqven miTx-

141

ariT: „saqarTvelo is qveyanaa, romelTanac yvelaze iolad davamyarebT mWidro, keTilmezoblur urTier-Tobaso“, Tqven da Tqvenma kolegebma es fraza realobad aqcieT.

TurqeTma saqarTvelos guluxvi humanitaruli dax-mareba gauwia.

ganixileba sakiTxi SeRavaTiani kreditebis mowodebisa.

gTavazobT teqnikur xelSewyobas Cveni diplomatiu-ri warmomadgenlobebis, sabanko saqmis, samxedro mSeneb-lobis organizebaSi.

TbilisSi Tqven gaxlavan TurqeTis saqmiani wevrebis warmomadgenlebi. romelnic mzad arian rCeviTa da saqmiT daexmaron Cvens axlad Casaxul sabazro ekonomikas.

Cven vixilavT Savi zRvis auzis saxelmwifoTa poli-tikuri sistebis Seqmnis saorganizacio sakiTxebs, vis-wrafviT davamyaroT ekonomikuri TanamSromloba ev-ropisa da msofliosTvis am sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis regionSi.

zogierTma iCqara mieca Cveni CanafiqrisTvis „Savi zRvis evroTaTbiris“ saxelwodeba.

kvlav minda gavimeoro, evropaSi uSiSroebis erTiani sivrce unda Seiqmnas evroTaTbiris farglebSi moqmedi regionuli sistemis gaTvaliswinebiT.

am sivrcis aseTi ageba uzrunvelyofs evroTaTbiris monawile qveynebis ufro mWidro urTierTmoqmedebas, ufro saimedo kontrols situaciisadmi regionebSi, krizisebisa da konfliqtebis daZlevis ufro qmediT RonisZiebebs.

es idea ZalaSi rCeba, iseve rogorc saqarTvelos winadadebani dafuZndes stambulSi SavizRvispire-Tis qveynebis organizaciis Stabbina mcirericxovan mravalerovnul samdivnosTan erTad, Seiqmnas am alian-sis samuSao organoebi, konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebis regionuli centri, gamocxaddes sazRvrebis gadasinjvis moratoriumi, SemuSavdes ndobisa da demilitarizaciis RonisZiebani Savi zRvisa da kavkasiis raionSi, ganisaz-

142

Rvros SeiaraRebisa da SeiaraRebuli Zalebis, gansa-kuTrebiT sazRvao Zalebis SesaZlo dabali done.

dRes xeli movawereT mniSvnelovani SeTanxmebis mTel paketebs, da, rac mTavaria, fundamentur xelSekrulebas megobrobis, TanamSromlobisa da keTilmezoblobis Se-saxeb.

TurqeTi ukve is aRar aris, rac 20 wlis win iyo. igi saocrad gardaiqmna, gadasxvaferda – es saqarTveloSi didi xania viciT. magram is, rom TurqeTi Seicvala saqa-rTvelosTvis, mogvapyro CvenTvis aqamde ucnobi saxe – amas dRes vigebT. igi ara marto mezobeli, – megobaricaa.

samarTlianoba moiTxovs vTqvaT, rom aRarc saqarT-veloa is, rac uwin iyo. dRes igi Tavisufali da damou-kidebelia, aqvs neba sakuTari arCevanisa da survilis-amebr gansazRvros Tavisi bedi, magram unda vTqvaT isic, rom Cveni Tavisufleba da damoukidebloba susti da daucvelia, amdenad aris safrTxe maTi dakargvisa. Cven gvwams, rom safrTxe arasodes dagvatydeba Woroxis gaR-midan. saqarTvelos albaT hyavs mtrebi, oRond srulia-dac ara iq, sadac isini winaT iyvnen.

Cveni damoukideblobis, Cveni sazRvrebisa da teri-toriuli mTlianobisadmi mTavari safrTxe axla mwifde-ba Cvensave Sinagan cxovrebaSi.

vixseneb Cvens saubars stambulSi, Tqvens frazas: „dauSvebelia sakuTari qveynis gadaqceva Sinapoliti-kuri brZolis asparezad. ase SeiZleba damoukidebloba dakargo“. saqarTvelosTvis saubedurod am brZolam da-karga politikuri xasiaTi, gadagvarda sakuTari xalxis winaaRmdeg mimarTul diversiul-teroristul aqcie-bad. am avbedobas daemata calmxrivi qmedebani, romelnic saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobas uqmnis safrTxes.

rogorc evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris monawileebma, saqarTvelom da TurqeTma xeli moaweres 1992 wlis dokuments „cvlilebaTa drois ga-mowveva“. am dokumentSi dadasturebulia sazRvrebis urRvevobisa da erovnul teritoriaTa xelSeuxeblobis principebi. amasTanave inergeba axali institutebi da

143

kategoriebi erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebis dasaca-vad da Sida konfliqtebis mosagvareblad.

vfiqrob, saqarTvelom sakmaod swrafad daamtkica Tavisi swrafva imoqmedos am dokumentis suliskveTebis Sesabamisad. helsinkis Sexvedridan 2 kviris Semdeg Cven avamoqmedeT qarTul-osuri konfliqtis mSvidobi-anad mogvarebis meqanizmi, riTac SevasruleT saqarT-velo-ruseTis SeTanxmebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi punqti. amiT helsinkis dokumentis qsovilSi gamoCnda pirveli realuri Zafi. iqceva igi ariadnas gzamkvlev Zafad? darwmunebuli gaxlavarT, rom iqceva. da ara marto saqarTvelosa da kavkasiisaTvis. evroTaTbiris avtoritetul Tanamdebobis pirTa azriT, Cvens mier SemuSavebuli modeli SeiZleba gaxdes sabazo nimuSi qveynisaTvis, sadac Sida konfliqtebi sul ufro aSkarad iZens saerTaSoriso safrTxis masStabs.

xazs vusvam, rom meqanizmi moqmedebs Cvens terito-riaze da mimarTulia konfliqtis zonaSi mcxovrebi res-publikis yvela moqalaqis dasacavad. Cven gvaqvs ufleba imis gadawyvetisa, Tu rogor srulvyoT es meqanizmi. Tu saWiro iqna, davayenebT am regionSi saerTaSoriso samS-vidobo Zalebis gamoyenebis sakiTxs.

minda gavimeoro is, rac fineTis dedaqalaqSi vTqvi: saqarTveloSi ar aris araqarTuli miwebi, da es yvelam unda Seignos.

dResac, iseve rogorc helsinki-82-is tribunidan Cven vacxadebT: erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebi unda iyos da iqneba kidec saimedod daculi. magram ar arse-bobs uflebebi movaleobaTa gareSe. rogorc helsinkis dokumentSia naTqvami, yvela pasuxismgebelia erTmaneTis winaSe daskvniTi aqtisa da parizis qartiis saxelmZR-vanelo principTa da saerTo RirebulebaTa dacvisaT-vis. evroTaTbiris monawileTagan aravis, miT umetes, ki Cvens mezoblebs, – ara aqvT ufleba ganze dgomisa, roca destruqciuli Zalebi cdiloben xelyon saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianoba da amiT gaaCaRon axali kon-fliqtebis xanZari.

144

Tqveno aRmatebulebav, Zvirfaso megobaro suleiman demirel.

Cvens qveyanaSi didi xania Seiqmna TurqologTa Ses-aniSnavi skola. gvyavs didi specialistebi Turquli istoriis, literaturis, kulturisa, rogorc miTxres, TurqeTSic iCenen mecnierul interess saqarTvelosadmi. iwereba da ibeWdeba wignebi masze, rogorc wesi, avtore-bi progresuli, demokratiuli mimarTulebis warmomad-genlebi arian.

erTi maTgani, romelmac Zalian keTili wigni dawera qarTul folklorze, tragikulad daiRupa.

Tavs vxri imaTi xsovnis winaSe, vinc Seewira qveya-naSi demokratiis idealTa gamarjvebisaTvis brZolas. amavdroulad Cven bednierni varT, rom dRes veRaravin SeaCerebs qarTveli da Turqi xalxebis megobrobisadmi miZRvnili axali wignebis avtorebs.

Tqven brZandebiT am wignis erTi mTavari avtoric da Cveni megobrobis garantic. qarTveli xalxi miesalmeba Tqvens CamobrZanebas qarTul miwaze, radgan icis, rom Tqven keTil kvals datovebT.

darwmunebuli var, yvela Cemi Tanamemamule CemTan erTad warmoTqvams Tqvens sadRegrZelos da gisurvebT janmrTelobas, bednierebas, Tqveni samSoblos ayvavebas.

mravalJamier![...]

sadili­sapatio­stumris­pativsacemad­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­ivlisi.­–­N143(422).­–­2­gv.

145

daixsomeT es dRe!

eduard SevardnaZe,saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare

es-es aris niu-iorkidan miviReT cnoba: gaerTianebu-li erebis organizaciis generalurma asambleam erTxmad miiRo saqarTvelo Tavis rigebSi.

dRevandeli dRe – 1992 wlis 31 ivlisi Rirsia, rom samudamod aRibeWdos Cvens xsovnaSi, Cvens matianeSi.

SegaxsenebT: 1918 wels saqarTvelos damoukideblo-bis gamocxadebis Semdeg maSindelma xelisuflebam yve-laferi iRona, raTa Cveni qveyana erTa ligaSi mieRoT.

qveynis damoukidebloba unda eyrdnobodes mis aRi-arebas saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier da Sesvlas xalxTa ojaxSi, – ase miaCndaT saqarTvelos pirveli re-spublikis liderebs, da sruliad marTalnic iyvnen. ma-gram mizezTa gamo, romelTa Sesaxeb axla nu vimsjelebT, Cveni qveyana erTa ligaSi ar miiRes.

dasavleTma ornaxevari saukunis manZilze orjer aq-cia zurgi saqarTvelos – ar gvaRiara, ar dagvicva. es iyo istoriuli usamarTloba, ramac orjerve erovnuli katastrofa gamoiwvia.

istoriul paralelebs yovelTvis axlavT safrTxe realuri suraTis damaxinjebisa. magram mainc vityvi, rom amjeradac raRac msgavsi SeiZleba momxdariyo.

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo damoukideblobis farTo saerTaSoriso aRiareba da, rac aranakleb mniSvnelova-nia, – diplomatiur urTierTobaTa damyareba wleuls gazafxulze daiwyo. Cveni megobrebi, evropisa da amerik-is TvalsaCino saxelmwifo moRvaweebi, Seudgnen intensi-ur diplomatiur saqmianobas, raTa saqarTvelo evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris wevri gamx-dariyo. inglisis SuamdgomlobiT, romelic uSiSroebis sabWos erT-erTi mudmivi wevria, daiwyo saqarTvelos gaeroSi miRebis sakiTxis ganxilva.

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23 ivniss soWSi ruseTis prezident boris elcin-Tan Sesaxvedrad gamgzavrebis winadRiT, SevityveT rom uSiSroebis sabWom gadado am sakiTxis ganxilva. Cven iZu-lebulni gavxdiT, rom sakuTari TavisTvis gvekiTxa: aseT viTarebaSi aris ki saWiro soWSi gamgzavreba? pasuxad gviTxres, rom es raRac gaugebrobaa, rom saqarTvelos Sesvlas gaeroSi aravin eRobeba da a.S.

magram momdevno dRis ambebma dagvarwmuna, rom prob-lema arsebobda:

soWis molaparakebebi, sadac Cven teledepartamen-tis Senobaze Tavdasxmis da misi ganTavisuflebis Semdeg movxvdiT, arcTu iolad warimarTa. vityvi mxolod, rom daskvniT dokumentSi dafiqsirda ruseTis Tanadgoma Cveni swrafvisadmi – gavxdeT gaerTianebuli erebis or-ganizaciis wevri.

dRes es aRsrulda.Cven yofili sabWoTa kavSiris sxva respublikebze

gvian gavwevriandiT gaeroSi. Cven varT gaerTianebul erTa ojaxSi miRebuli erTaderTi saxelmwifo, romel-sac jer-jerobiT ar hyavs legitimuri xelisufleba.

ratom moxda pirveli, vfiqrob, axsna-ganmartebas ar saWiroebs. ratom moxda meore – aucilebelia iTqvas. msoflio Tanamegobrobam daijera, rom davicavT gaeros wesdebis debulebebsa da principebs, rom veswrafviT CavataroT demokratiuli arCevnebi, mSvidobianad movagvarebT qarTvelTa da osTa konfliqts, mivaRwevT politikuri viTarebis stabilizacias, pativs vcemT adamianis, eris, erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebs, Cav-atarebT ekonomikur reformas, davamkvidrebT samoqa-laqo TavisuflebaTa safuZvlebs.

mas, vinc am mizanTa miRwevaSi gviSlis xels, Segnebu-lad Tu Seugneblad, Cveni samSoblo mihyavs damRupveli izolirebisaken.

gaeros wevroba saqarTvelosTvis Zalian bevrs niS-navs.

es aris pirvelyovlisa istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgena. saqarTvelos uflebis da adgilis damkvidreba

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msoflio TanamegobrobaSi, rogorc sxva civilizebul qveyanaTa Tanasworisa.

gaeroSi saqarTvelos wevroba niSnavs Sedgomas msof-lios umaRles tribunaze, romlidanac Cveni xma yvelgan gaismeba da romlis saSualebiTac davicavT Cvens simar-Tles.

gaeros wevroba niSnavs dasrulebas saqarTvelos da-moukideblobis aRiarebis procesisas da msoflio Tana-megobrobis mier Cveni qveynis dacvis uflebis mopovebas.

gaeros wevroba saqarTvelos aniWebs saerTaSoriso urTierTobis, ideebis, Rirebulebebis msoflio gacv-la-gamocvlaSi monawileobis, adamianis gonisa da ga-mocdilebis yvela didi monagariT gamdidrebis farTo saSualebebs.

faqtobrivad 1992 wlis 31 ivliss daibada axali saqarTvelo. oRond unda iTqvas, rom misi zrda, davaJk-aceba damokidebulia ara mxolod miniWebul uflebaTa gamoyenebaze. gaeros wevroba pirvelyovlisa niSnavs pa-suxismgebluri qcevis normaTa dacvas Sinac da saxelmwi-foTaSoris urTierTobaSic. Tu gsurT iyoT miRebuli wesier sazogadoebaSi, daicaviT iq miRebuli wesebi.

vici, rom CvenSi es yvelas ar surs. xolo, visac surs, yovelTvis ar SeuZlia. magram laparaki Cveni Tanamemamu-leebis absolutur umravlesobazea. maTze, visac Zalu-Zs SesZinos Tavis qveyanas is Tvisebebi da Rirsebebi, rac aucilebelia gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis wev-robisaTvis.

davixsomoT es dRe – 1992 wlis 31 ivlisi. igi Tanabrad ekuTvnis Cvens istoriasac, Cvens momavalsac.

daixsomeT­ es­dRe!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­1­agvisto.­–­N144(423).­–­1gv.

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samoqalaqo mSvidobisa da erovnuli Tanxmobis damkvidrebis mizniT!

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos manifesti

saqarTvelos moqalaqeno! mravalsaukunovani qarTuli saxelmwifoebrioba

did niSansvets miuaxlovda. saqarTvelos respublika gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis sruluflebiani wevri gaxda. saqarTvelo aRiara msofliom, riTac misi damoukidebloba dagvirgvinda. Seqmnilia keTilsasur-veli saerTaSoriso garemo Tavisufali, demokratiuli qveynis aRmSeneblobisaTvis. dasrulda erovnuli da-moukideblobisaTvis brZolis erTi, mTavari etapi.

ukugdebulia izolacionizmis damRupveli saSiS-roeba, romlisgan Tavis daRweva mravali Taobis sanuk-vari ocneba iyo. am mizans bevri Rirseuli mamuliSvilis sicocxle Seewira. saqarTvelos Tanamdevi maTi sulebi dRes CvenTan erTad zeimoben.

civilizebul erTa didi ojaxis wevroba ara marto pativis migebaa im wvlilisaTvis rac saqarTvelos msof-lio kulturis saganZurSi Seutania, an mxolod didi ga-rantiaa qveynis, suverenuli uflebebis ganxorcielebi-sa, aramed gancxadebac aris im principebis erTgulebisa, riTac Tanamedrove msoflio suldgmulobs. saqarTvelo Sevida axal zneobriv, samarTlebriv, politikur, ekono-mikur sivrceSi, sadac axali wesi, axali moTxovnebi, sxva normebi da ganzomilebebia.

am normebis erTguleba rogorc qveynis gareT, ise SigniT saqarTvelos did pasuxismgeblobas akisrebs. msoflios erTa TanamegobrobaSi saqarTvelo Rirseul adgils ver moipovebs, rogorc eri da demokratiuli saxelmwifo, Tu igi ar iqneba mowesrigebuli politi-kuri organizmi, Tanamedrove da momavlis civilizaci-asTan ziarebis gasaRebi qveynis mTlianobaSi, mis erTia-nobaSia.

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dadga saxelmwifoebrivi aRmSeneblobis axali eta-pi, romlis ZiriTadi sazrisi saqarTvelos gamTlianeba, qveyanaSi samoqalaqo Tanxmobis damkvidrebaa. axali wes-rigi SinaaSlilobis daZlevas, erovnuli Tanxmobis dam-kvidrebas iTxovs usisxlod, umsxverplod, cecxlisa da maxvilis gareSe. amiT saqarTvelo sabolood gaemijneba warsulis yavlgasul normebsa da cnobierebas da Tana-medrove istoriis Rirseuli Semoqmedi gaxdeba.

qveyanaSi samoqalaqo mSvidobisa da erovnuli Tanx-mobis damkvidrebis, saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi interese-bis dacvisa da demokratiuli aRmSeneblobis uzrunve-lyofis mizniT saqarTvelos respublikis xelisufleba saqveynod

a c x a d e b s :

– dawesdes 31 ivlisi saqarTveloSi erovnuli Tanx-mobis, samoqalaqo da erTaSorisi mSvidobis, Serigebis dRed.

– miCneul iqnes saqarTvelos yoveli moqalaqis pa-triotul movaleobad saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrio-bis aRmSeneblobaSi maTi wvlilis Setanis keTili nebis gamoxatulebad monawileoba saqarTvelos parlamentis 11 oqtombris arCevnebSi, razec didad aris damokidebu-li qveynis istoriuli bedi, msoflios winaSe misi pasux-ismgebloba da saerTaSoriso avtoriteti.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba mouwodebs ucxoeTSi myof Tanamemamuleebs erisa da qveynis am Znelbedobis Jams Tandgomasa da TanamSromlobisaken dedasamSoblos asaRorZineblad.

– saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi da adgilobrivi inter-esebis SeTanxmebis, qveynis yvela regionis ganviTarebisa da saxelmwifo marTvaSi maTi uSualo monawileobisaT-vis uzrunvelyofilia yvela raionisa da qalaqis warmo-madgenloba xelisuflebis uzenaes organoSi, gaTvalis-winebulia adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis organoebis Tavisufali demokratiuli arCevnebi.

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– saqarTvelos xelisufleba kidev erTxel adas-turebs erTgulebas saerTaSoriso samarTliT aRiarebu-li adamianis samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebisadmi, adasturebs da uzrunvelyofs politikuri partiebis da sxva asociaciebis Seqmnis, krebebis, mitingebis, demon-straciebis, sityvis, presis, sakuTari azris gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebis, wesrigis, zneobis moTxovnebTan SesabamisobiT. aRikveTos iseTi politikuri Zalebis arseboba, romlebic qmnian Sei-araRebul formirebebs, aRviveben erTaSoris SuRls, mimarTaven Zalismier meTodebs.

– gauqmdes sagangebo wesebi saqarTvelos mTel ter-itoriaze. brZola adamianis sicocxlis, janmrTelobis, Tavisuflebis, pativisa da Rirsebis, qonebis xelyo-fasTan xelisuflebis upirvelesi movaleobaa, risTvi-sac uzrunvelyofili iqneba jerovani pirobebis Seqmna erovnuli policiis saqmianobisaTvis. qarTuli policia kisrulobs srul pasuxismgeblobas qveynis teritori-aze sazogadoebrivi wesrigisaTvis.

– gaerTiandes yvela SeiaraRebuli formireba saqa-rTvelos respublikis erTian SeiaraRebul ZalebSi, romelic daeqvemdebareba Tavdacvis saministros da Sinagani jarebis sardlobas, gaZlierdes samoqalaqo Ta-vdacvis samsaxuri. kategoriulad aikrZalos yvela sxva SeiaraRebuli formirebebis Seqmna da moqmedeba.

– regionebSi moqmedi araregistrirebuli samxe-dro razmebis wevrebs mieceT saSuleba xelisuflebi-sadmi maTi loialobis gaTvaliswinebiT gaerTiandnen Tavdacvis saministros, Sinagani jarebis an policiis qvedanayofebSi. moxdes maT mflobelobaSi arsebuli iaraRis registarcia an Cabareba. is pirebi, romlebic ar Sevlen saxelmwifo samxedro formirebebSi, Tavisu-fldebian adre Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebisaTvis pa-suxismgeblobisagan (es ar Seexeba mSvidobiani mosaxle-obis mimarT Cadenil mZime danaSauls) da daubrundebian ojaxebs, mSvidobian Sromas. dauyovnebliv Sesruldes saqarTvelos xelisuflebis gadawyvetileba yvela Sei-

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araRebuli formirebis TavianTi dislokaciis adgileb-Si dabrunebis Sesaxeb.

saqarTvelos respublikis SeiaraRebul ZalebSi sam-saxuri patriotuli valia.

– erovnuli erTianobisa da Tanxmobis umaRlesi in-teresebidan gamomdinare, ganTavisufldnen sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobisgan pirebi, romlebic mim-dinare wlis 6 ianvridan monawileobdnen saqarTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul kan-onsawinaaRmdego aqciebSi, Tu maT ar CaudeniaT mZime sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT.

– ganTavisufldnen patimrobidan yofili xelisu-flebis warmomadgenlebi, romlebsac brali edebaT mZime danaSaulobaTa CadenaSi. mxedvelobaSia miRebuli, rom maTi qmedebani garkveulwilad ganapiroba avtorita-rulma, diqtatorulma reJimma.

– ganTavisufldnen sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismge-blobisagan pirebi, rolebic monawileobdnen mimdinare wlis 24 ivniss saxelmwifo gadatrialebis avantiuris-tul mcdelobaSi, miuxedavad qveynisa da xalxis winaSe maT mier Cadenili umZimesi danaSaulisa.

– amieridan, am manifestiT gamocxadebuli didsu-lovani aqtebis Semdeg, saxelmwifo iqneba garanti, rom yvela moqalaqe, romelic daarRvevs kanons da Seecdeba Zalis gamoyenebas arsebuli xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, xelyofs pirovnebis sicocxles, janmrTelobas, pativs, Rirsebas da sakuTrebas, daisjeba kanonis mTeli simk-acriT.

– saqarTvelos xelisufleba gulisxmobs, rom sxva-dasxva Zalebisagan mZevlebad ayvanili pirebi dauyovne-bliv gaTavisufldebian. amasTanave, sazogadoeba gmobs adamianTa ukanonod Tavisuflebis aRkveTis faqtebs, ra miznebiTac unda iyos isini nakarnaxevi.

– Seqmnilia samTavrobo komisia, romelic Seiswav-lis mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT SeiaraRebuli formirebebis mier Zaladobisa da sxva ukanono moqmede-

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bebis faqtebs. damnaSaveni daisjebian, miyenebuli zara-li anazRaurdeba.

– damoukidebeli demokratiuli saqarTvelosTvis brZolaSi, Sida SeiaraRebul konfliqtebSi daRupul-Ta xsovna ukvdavyofili iqneba; Sedgeba maTi ojaxebi-saTvis materialuri daxmarebis RonisZiebaTa gegma, romlis Sesaxebac sazogadoeba saTanadod iqneba in-formirebuli.

– gagrZeldeba konstruqciuli dialogi afxazeTis xelisuflebasTan kompetenciaTa gamijvnis, myari saxel-mwifo-samarTlebrivi urTierTobis dasamkvidreblad erTiani saqarTvelos farglebSi.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba bolomde miiyvans cxinva-lis regionSi dawyebul samSvidobo RonisZiebebs, ramac unda uzrunvelyos sisxlisRvris Sewyveta da am region-Si wesrigisa da samoqalaqo mSvidobis aRdgena.

xelisufleba sruliad saqarTvelos interesebis gaT-valiswinebiT kvlavac izrunebs saqarTveloSi erovnuli umciresobebis uflebrivi mdgomareobis gansamtkiceb-lad saerTaSoriso samarTliT aRiarebuli normebisa da principebis Sesabamisad.

– saqarTvelos yvela regionis, qalaqebis da raionebis mosaxleoba, adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis da samarTalda-cvis organoebi ar dauSveben maT teritoriaze diversi-ul da teroristul aqtebs, uzrunvelyofen rkinigzi-sa da saavtomobilo transportis, kavSirgabmulobis, saxalxo meurneobis, ganaTlebis, janmrTelobis dacvis, turistul da sakurorto dawesebulebaTa Seuferxebel muSaobas.

– saqarTvelos xelisufleba aucileblad miiCnevs umniSvnelovanesi samoqalaqo, politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri RonisZiebebis SemuSavebas da warmarTavs sajaroobis principebis dacviT, sazogadoebrivi azris gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze.

adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis organoebi da Tanamde-bobis pirebi uzrunvelyofen mosaxleobisaTvis infor-maciis Seuferxebliv miwodebas.

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– gza gaexsnas Tavisufali ekonomikuri zonebis gan-viTarebas rogorc dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT saqarTve-loSi.

– saqarTvelos xelisufleba moiTxovs qalaqebis, raionebis, soflebis, dabebis xelmZRvanelobisagan am manifestiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebis ganxor-cielebis saSualebaTa sayovelTao msjelobis sagnad gadaqcevas, imedovnebs, rom am procesebSi TavianT gav-lenian azrs gamoTqvamen sruliad saqarTvelos marTl-madidebeli eklesia da sxva religiuri gaerTianebebi.

saqarTvelos moqalaqeno!

saqarTvelos uzenaesi interesebiT nakarnaxevi es manifesti mimteveblobis, humanizmis saqveyno gancxadeba da qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis Zlierebis dasturia.

RmerTi iyos Cveni mfarveli!

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomare­

e.­SevardnaZe.

Tbilisi,­1992­wlis­3­agvisto.

samoqalaqo­ mSvidobisa­ da­ erovnuli­ Tanxmobis­ damkvidrebis­mizniT!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­5­agvis-to.­–­N147(426).­–­1­gv.

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am dReebSi wydeba Cveni yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi!

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmj-domaris eduard SevardnaZis mimarTva saqarTvelos mosaxleobas televiziiT 1992 wlis 11 agvistos

Zvirfaso telemayureblebo!me mZime misia vikisre. Tqven sul raRac 10-15 wu-

Tis win moismineT saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumis gad-awyvetileba, romelic daamtkica saxelmwifo sabWos dRevandelma sxdomam. Tqven moismineT agreTve saxelm-wifo sabWos dadgenileba rkinigzis transportze da-naSaulisTvis pasuxismgeblobis gaZlierebis Taobaze. moismineT is argumentebi, romlebic ganpirobebulia am sakmaod mkacri dokumentebis miReba. samwuxarod, moxda ise, rom saxelmwifo sabWos sxdomis damTavrebis Semdeg mdgomareoba kidev ufro garTulda, kidev ufro daiZ-aba da, me vityodi, dramatuli xasiaTi miiRo. im dros, rodesac saxelmwifo sabWos sxdoma mimdinareobda, zug-didSi iyo Sinagan saqmeTa ministri batoni roman gven-caZe, romelic specialuri davalebiT aris mivlinebuli am raionebSi mSvidobisa da wesrigis uzrunvelsayofad. masTan erTad iyo daviT salariZe – TqvenTvis cnobili moRvawe – Sinagan saqmeTa ministris yofili moadgile da amjerad saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris TanaSemwe erovnuli uSiSroebis dargSi, da kidev ramdenime muSa-ki. isini zugdidSi Casuli iyvnen molaparakebis gasagr-Zeleblad SeiaraRebul formirebaTa meTaurebTan, razmebis xelmZRvanelebTan. qalaqisa da raionebis gamge-blebTan molaparakebis ZiriTadi Tema iyo is, rac yvelam erTad gadavwyviteT 4 agvistos. mxedvelobaSi maqvs man-ifesti, romelic mitingze gamovacxade da romelic Cven-ma xalxma moiwona. Tema iyo Serigebisa, saubari exeboda morigebas. es ar iyo pirveli Sexvedra, es iyo mesame dia-logi. ramdenadac vici, es saubari mimdinareobda saint-eresod, sakmaod, rogorc vambobT xolme, konstruqciul atmosferoSi da TiTqmis yvela sakiTxze miaRwevs Se-

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Tanxmebas, maT Soris baton sandro kavsaZis dabrunebis Taobazec. dRes, roman gvencaZes rom vemSvidobebodi, miTxra, SveulmfreniT mivfrinav specialurad, raTa saRamosTvis sandro CamoviyvanoT TbilisSi. savalalod da saubedurod, es molaparakeba damTavrebulic ki ar iyo, rom dialogis monawileT Tavs daesxnen SeiaraRebu-li razmebi da moxda didad samwuxaro ambavi – batone-bi roman gvencaZe, daviT salariZe da zogierTi sxvani daatyveves da gaitaces. vici, rom arian qveynad boroti adamianebi, romlebic yovelgvar danaSauls ikadreben, magram megona, borotebas sazRvari aqvs-meTqi, magram, rogorc Cans, Sevmcdarvar. etyoba, boroteba usazRv-roa. me gulwrfeli viyavi, rodesac saxelmwifo sabWos da Cems xalxs SevTavaze Serigebis, morigebis manifes-ti – didi erovnuli kompromisi. me amaSi vxedavdi ga-mosavals im krizisidan, romelSic aRmoCnda dRes Cveni qveyana da Cveni xalxi. vimeoreb, me gulwrfelad mje-roda es. guliT gavixare, rodesac pirveli Sexvedrebi gaimarTa dasavleTSi – zugdidSi, xobSi da sxva raioneb-Si roman gvencaZis monawileobiT. mosaxleoba miesal-ma mas, milicias, miliciis gamoCenas. xalxs imedi gauCn-da. dRes ki, aseTi mexis dacema... minda gulaxdilad da kacurad giTxraT: rodesac politikur moRvawes ase gaucruvdeba imedi da misi nabiji ar gaamarTlebs da ase muxanaTurad uRalateben, igi, wesiT, unda gadadges. me es vuTxari Cems kolegebs – Tengiz siguas, Tengiz kito-vans, vaxtang goguaZes da sxvebs, vinc aq iyo, vinc eswre-boda am saubars. batoni jaba aq ar aris, qalaqgareTaa gasuli. me es varianti SevTavaze maT, magram megobreb-ma damarwmunes, rom es axla xalxis Ralati iqneboda. ar minda, Tqven raRac santimentalobaSi CamomarTvaT es. me marTlac mimaCnia, rom is garkveuli marcxia, marcxia Cemi – piradi, sakuTari, radgan movtyuvdi, realurad ver Sevafase is Zalebi, romlebic saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ibrZvian, ver ganvsazRvre is masStabi borotebisa, ro-melic maT SeuZliaT ikadron. da mainc daveTanxme dRes Cems megobrebs davrCe mwyobrSi da vebrZolo borotebas,

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vebrZolo borotebas ara borotebiT, ara marto ZaliT, magram ZaliTac, Zalis gamoyenebiTac. saqarTvelo axla Zlieria, ufro Zlieri, vidre am 10-15 dRis winaT. axla mas sakmaod mravalricxovani jari hyavs, sakmao iaraRic aqvs. arsebobs yvela saSualeba imisTvis, rom borote-ba ailagmos, qarTul miwa-wyalze erTxel da samudamod wesrigi damyardes da wesier mSromel adamians sakuTari landis ar eSinodes. Cven gadavwyviteT amaRamve damuSa-vdes samxedro operaciebis gegma. uwinaresad rkinigzis, saavtomobilo magistralebis, xidebis dacvis gegma. ra Tqma unda, yovelive amis mizania davicvaT mSvidobiani adamianebis interesebi. da asec iqneba, magram borotebas bolo moeReba, me amaSi Rrmada var darwmunebuli.

mTeli am didi da seriozuli samuSaos Sesruleba daevala baton Tengiz kitovans – Cveni Tavdacvis min-istrs, saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumis wevrs. axla Sei-araRebuli Zalebis mTavar StabSi gulmodgined muSao-ben imisTvis, rom ganzraxva ganxorcieldes. laparaki imaze, rom es ar exeba marto erT regions, laparakia saqa-rTvelos mTel teritoriaze – dawyebuli leseliZiT da damTavrebuli yazbegis raioniT da sxva sazRvrebiT, damyardes wesrigi yvelgan da yvelaferSi. amisTvis ga-moyenebuli iqneba jaric, miliciac, samxedro teqnikac. me vafrTxileb yvelas, visac jer kidev ver amougdia Ta-vidan, Tavisi azrovneba ver gauTavisuflebia boroti zraxvebisgan, gons movidnen, Semogvirigdnen, sanam gvian ar aris, Torem Zalian Zvirad daujdebaT. vici, rom bevri maTgani, vinc monawileobda zugdidis molaparakebaSi, sisxlisRvris momxre ar aris. mjera, rom valter Sur-Raias tyuili ar uTqvams CemTvis, mjera, rom igi axlac muSaobs imisTvis, rom yvelaze uaresi Tavidan avicil-oT. da Tu ase ar aris, dae, pasuxi agos Tavisi erisa da RvTis winaSe, romliTac man Sehfica, rom ibrZolebda erTianobisTvis, erTiani saqarTvelosTvis.

aseTi sityvebiT mimarTa man sxvebsac, romlebic am SexvedraSi monawileobdnen. yvelaferi, rac saWiroa imisTvis, rom sandro kavsaZe, roman gvencaZe, daviT sal-

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ariZe da sxvebi dabrundnen uvnebelni, gakeTdeba, vi-meoreb, Tu es gardauvali iqna, Zalasac gamoviyenebT, minda mogaxsenoT, rom gvardiaSi, mxedrionSi, saqarT-velos policiaSi yvelaferi duRs axla. axlaxan CemTan iyo qalaqis policiis garnizonis ufrosi batoni daTo zeikiZe da miTxra, ver vakavebo pirad Semadgenlobas – aRSfoTebuli arian da lamis qveiTad moawyon laSqro-ba, Cavidnen adgilze, raTa TavianTi ministri daixsnan. igive miTxres senakSi, quTaisSi, aseve aWaraSi da afxaz-eTSi. ar minda mogiwodoT xval raRac gansakuTrebuli aqciebisTvis. magram, me mgoni, mas Semdeg, rac Cven mTeli msoflios Tvalwin marTlac uCveulo didsulovneba da sulgrZeloba gamoviCineT, vapatieT is, rasac arc erTi saxelmwifo ar apatiebda, imis uflebac gvaqvs, vTxov-oT Cvens xalxs, rom xval gamovidnen quCebSi, moednebze da moiTxovon Cvengan mxari davuWiroT, raTa SevutioT Cvens mowinaaRmdegeebs. me es sityva ar mixmaria, rac saqarTveloSi Camovedi, axla pirvelad vityvi – Cveni mtrebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi, saqarTvelos mtrebisa da moRalateebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi! – Tu gvinda, rom icocxlos da idRegrZelos saqarTvelom me vxedav, visi xeli trialebs am ambebSi, visi xelmoweraa. es ar aris Zneli gasarCevi. es is xelweraa, is xelia, romelmac Ci-qovanis quCaze xuTi kaci imsxverpla, maT Soris – qalebi, bavSvebi, udanaSaulo xalxi. amaze calke iqneba saubari, saqme ukve gaxsnilia. damnaSaveni cnobili arian xval-zeg miiRebT detalur informacias, saidan warmarTaven am Semzarav da saZagel procesebs sakuTari qveynis winaaR-mdeg, qarTveli xalxis winaaRmdeg.

mapatieT Secdoma, Tu es Secdoma iyo, romelic me davuSvi – saxelmwifo sabWos manifestze mogaxsenebT. arc imas dagimalavT, rom gamoviyene Cemi avtoriteti, raTa saxelmwifos sabWos zogierTi wevrisTvis meTxova kidec es. Sinagan isini winaaRmdegi iyvnen. me vxedavdi moedanze, roca manifests vkiTxulobdi, zogi rogori eWvis TvaliT miyurebda da mismenda, magram, etyoba, an-gariSi gamiwies. me maT winaSe bodiSs movixdi. da mainc,

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axla sxva gza ar arsebobs. me, albaT, ufleba ara maqvs am umZimes wuTebSi, am urTules da sapasuxismgeblo etapze gaveqce pasuxismgeblobas. me TqvenTan erTad viSromeb da vibrZoleb imisTvis, rom boroteba ailagmos, imisT-vis, rom samarTalma gaimarjvos, imisTvis, rom samar-Talma gaimarjvos, imisTvis rom Cveni Zmebi da megobrebi dabrundnen dedaqalaqSi da Tavis Rirseul saqmianobas Seudgnen.

imedi maqvs Tqveni mxardaWerisa. mogmarTavT Cemi kolegebis, Cemi megobrebis – Tengiz siguas, Tengiz ki-tovanis, jaba ioselianis da sxvebis saxeliTac. albaT, TiToeuli maTgani aseTive sityvebiT mogmarTavT Tqven xval. dRes me damekisra es misia, xval isinic Semogvex-mianebian.

nu gikvirT, Tu axla vRelav da vnerviulob. me mgoni axla, swored axla, am dReebSi wydeba Cveni yofna-aryof-nis sakiTxi. an sikeTe gaimarjvebs an boroteba! ar unda davuSvaT, rom borotebam gaimarjvos! Tu boroteba ar gaimarjvebs, maSin saqarTvelo marTla damoukidebeli gaxdeba, saqarTvelo marTla demokratiuli saxelmwifo iqneba da saqarTvelo Seasrulebs Tavis movaleobas sa-kuTari xalxisa da msoflios winaSe, im msoflios winaSe, romelic Cven gvindoda ase saqveynod, ase uyoymanod dagveWira mxari Cvens keTil wamowyebebsa da Cvens huma-nur nabijebSi.

madlobeli var yuradRebisaTvis naxvamdis.

am­dReebSi­wydeba­Cveni­yofna-aryofnis­sakiTxi!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­agvisto.­–­N153­(432).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZem mouwoda afxazebs, qarTvelebs, yvelas – ar dauSvan mdgomareobis

garTuleba

brifingi saxelmwifo sabWoSi

14 agvistos saxelmwifo sabWos ovalur darbazSi gaimarTa brifingi qarTveli da ucxoeli Jurnalistebi-saTvis. masze gancxadebiT gamovida saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare eduard SevardnaZe. man kerZod aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos xelisuflebam mkafiod Camoayaliba Tavisi kursi saSinao da sagareo politikaSi, romlis qvakuTxe-dia mSvidobiani Tanacxovreba yvela saxelmwifosTan, Serigebisa da patiebis suliskveTeba qveynis SigniT mcx-ovrebi yvela xalxis mimarT. ra Tqma unda, Cvens mier ganx-orcielebuli RonisZiebebi mimarTuli qarTveli xalxis erTianobisaken. veravin ver Segvedaveba imaSi, rom Cven oponentebs ar SevTavazeT didi erovnuli kompromisi, romlis gamoxatulebac iyo amas winaT gamoqveynebuli manifesti. es TiTqmis uprecedento dokumentia, romel-Sic Cven Zalian did daTmobebze wavediT Cveni mowinaaRm-degebis mimarT, imaT mimarT, vinc iaraRiT xelSi ebrZo-da arsebul xelisuflebas, SeiWra telecentrSi...

Cven, ra Tqma unda, vgulisxmobT, rom Serigebis Sem-deg erTad vibrZolebdiT saqarTvelos keTildReobi-saTvis. es iyo uaRresad rTuli nabiji, romlisTvisac kidev gvakritikeben. samwuxarod, amas mopirdapire mx-arem sapirispiro nabijebiT upasuxa – molaparakebis msvlelobis dros banditurad daesxnen Tavs da mZevle-bad aiyvanes Sinagan saqmeTa ministri roman gvencaZe, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris TanaSemwe erovnuli uSiSroebis sakiTxebSi daviT saraliZe, Sinagan saqmeTa ministris moadgile zibert xazalia da sxvebi. aseTi aqciis Sefaseba saxelmwifo sabWos wevrebisa da far-To sazogadoebis mxridan calsaxa iyo. kategoriulad daisva sakiTxi mkacri zomebis miRebis Sesaxeb. Cven mo-viTxoveT mZevlebis dauyovnebliv ganTavisufleba, wi-

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naaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi gavafrTxileT, rom gamoviyenebT Zalas, magram yvelaferma aman Sedegi ar gamoiRo. amitom Seiqmna specialuri razmi, romlis xelmZRvaneloba dae-vala Tavdacvis ministrs Tengiz kitovans. Cven vicodiT, sad hyavdaT mZevlebi, amitom guSin kidev erTxel gava-frTxileT afxazeTis xelmZRvaneloba mieRo zomebi maT gasaTavisufleblad. agreTve kategoriulad movTxoveT bandebis meTaurebs dauyovnebliv gamoeSvaT mZevlebi. iyo Sepireba, rom gaaTavisufleben mxolod roman gven-caZes, magram, rogorc gamoirkva, prezidentyofilTan molaparakebis Semdeg maT Tavisi sityva gadaTqves. ai amitom SeiaraRebuli Zalebi Sevidnen afxazeTSi, Sev-idnen mxolod imisaTvis, rom bolo mouRon dasavleT saqarTvelos raionebSi SeiaraRebuli bandebis TareSs, romlebmac gasul Rames ganaxorcieles morigi diver-sia – aafeTqes rkinigzis xidi. samwuxarod, am operaciis msvlelobis dros moxda Setakeba erovnuli armiis qveg-anayofisa da afxazeTis gvardias Soris, aris msxverpli, arian daWrilebi.

am SemTxvevaSi, aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem, bune-brivia, raRac okupaciaze laparaki sruliad umarTebu-loa, radgan saqarTvelos erovnuli armiis nawilebi mo-qmedeben Cveni saxelmwifos teritoriaze da momavalSic imoqmedeben, Tu amas moiTxovs qveynis interesebi. Cven sistematuri kontaqtebi gvaqvs sergi bagafSTan, ale-qsandre anqvabTan, Tamaz nadareiSvilTan da sxvebTan. yvelani erTsulovnad iziareben im azrs, rom mZevlebi ganTavisuflebuli unda iqnen, raTa konfliqtma ufro farTo masStabi ar miiRos. bagafSma ukve Segvatyobina, rom gvencaZe gaTavisuflebulia, 15 wuTis Semdeg ki gven-caZe dagvikavSirda telefoniT da gvTxova gagvegzavna vertmfreni TbilisSi gamosafrenad. rac Seexeba danar-Cen mZevlebs, isini kvlav dakavebuli arian.

eduard SevardnaZem acnoba Jurnalistebs, rom dRes-ve soxumSi gaemgzavrnen Tengiz sigua, jaba ioseliani, romlebic Tengiz kitovanTan erTad gamarTaven molapa-rakebas. dialogi unda Sesdges, me ver vxedav misi CaSlis

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mizezs. eduard SevardnaZem mouwoda afxazebs, qarT-velebs, yvelas ar dauSvan mdgomareobis garTuleba.

saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem gaakeTa agreTve informacia kidev erTi samwuxaro faqtis Sesaxeb. yorni-sis raionis sofel avnevSi mosavlis aRebis dros moxda Selaparakeba qarTvelebsa da osebs Soris. guSin RamiT iq gaemgzavra samSvidobo Zalebis SemadgenlobaSi myo-fi qarTuli batalionis wevrTa mcire jgufi Svidi ka-cis SemadgenlobiT, rodesac ukan brundebodnen, isini waawydnen Casafrebul banditebs, romlebic daundoblad gauswordnen samSvidobo Zalebis warmomadgenlebs. amis Semdeg Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, me mqonda satelefono saubari ruseTis xelmZRvanelobasTan, romelmac gaiz-iara Cveni SeSfoTeba momxdar faqtTan dakavSirebiT da dagvarwmunda, rom CvenTan erTad yvelafers gaakeTebs imisaTvis, rom borotmoqmedni gamovlenil da dasjil iqnen.

eduard SevardnaZem upasuxa JurnalistTa SekiTx-vebs. brifingis bolos man ganacxada, rom sul axlax-an elaparaka soxums, saidanac Seatyobines, rom axla iq srola aRaraa, Tumca, daamata man, ar gamovricxav mis ganaxlebis SesaZleblobas. mdgomareoba jerjerobiT rTuli da daZabuli rCeba, magram imedi gvavs, rom mo-laparakeba warmatebiT damTavrdeba da dadebiT Sedegs mogvcems.

eduard­ SevardnaZem­ mouwoda­ afxazebs,­ qarTvelebs,­ yvelas­ –­ ar­dauSvan­mdgomareobis­garTuleba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­agvisto.­–­N155­(434).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: afxazi xalxis erovnulinteresebs safrTxe ar moelis

17 agvistos diliT pirdapiri eTeriT saqarTvelos radioTi gamovida saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare edu-ard SevardnaZe. Tavis gamosvlaSi, romelic 20 wuTs gagrZelda, man mimoixila ganvlili kviris movlenebi, kerZod Seexo afxazeTSi Seqmnil mdgomareobas.

– gasuli kvira, – aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem, – Cve-ni samSvidobo aqciebis gansakuTrebuli kvira iyo, rom-liTac didi nabijebi gadavdgiT 4 agvistos manifestiT gamocxadebuli erTianobis programis ganxorcielebis gzaze. pirveli dadebiTi Sedegebic miviReT. daiwyo Cve-ni xalxis gaerTianebis procesi. amiT kidev erTxel dada-sturda, rom Cven swori da marTali viyaviT, roca yvela sakiTxis molaparakebis gziT gadawyvetis kurss davade-qiT.

magram afxazeTSi gamoxdomebi kvlav gagrZelda. iZa-rcveboda matareblebi, feTqdeboda xidebi, amasTan mox-da ise, rom teroristebma mZevlad ayvanili saxelmwifo moRvaweni iq gadamales. saqarTvelos erovnuli jari teroristebTan sabrZolvelad teroristuli aqtebis aRsakveTad da rkinigzis dasacavad Cavida da ara afxa-zebTan saomrad. afxazi xalxis erovnul interesebs ar-aviTari safrTxe ar moelis. es mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT unda ganvacxado. erTianobas cecxliTa da maxviliT ki ara, mSvidobiT unda mivaRwioT.

amJamad saqarTvelos xelisufleba mTel mis terito-riaze aRdgenilia, – ganagrZo Semdeg saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, – da Cven sxva nabijebsac gadavdgamT Cveni qveynis suverenitetisa da mTlianobis gansamtkiceblad. es yvelam unda icodes.

Seexo ra CrdiloeT kavkasiis xalxebTan urTierTobas eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom Cvenma xalxma minda gage-biT Sexedos yovelives, rac CrdiloeT kavkasiis xalx-ebSi xdeba. me damireka CrdiloeT kavkasiis xalxTa yve-

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la liderma – ganagrZo man, – da roca afxazeTis ambebis Cveneuli ganmarteba moismines, aseve gagebiT moekidnen Cvens interesebs.

saqarTvelos­respublikissaxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ afxazi­ xalxis­ erovnul­ interesebs­ safrTxe­ar­moelis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­18­agvisto.­–­N156­(436).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: yvelas mokavSire viqnebi, vinc saqarTvelos sikeTisaTvis,

demokratiisaTvis ibrZvis!

1992 wlis 24 agvistos radiomimarTva

– Cven gamovacxadeT samobilizacio mzadyofna qveya-naSi, radgan kvlav grZeldeba garedan uapelacio Careva Cvens saSinao saqmeebSi da sul ufro met winaaRmdego-bas awydeba Cveni Zalisxmeva – molaparakebisa da dialo-gis gziT movawesrigoT situacia afxazeTSi, – ganacxada saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem orSabaTs, 24 agvistos, Tavis tradiciul radiogamosvlis dros, romelSic gasuli kviris movlen-ebi gaaanaliza.

Cven mzad gveyoleba rezervistebi, moxalisee-bi. agreTve nawilobriv gaviwvevT axalgazrdebs im raionebidan, romelSic amis saWiroeba iqneba, – Tqva man, – amasTan afxazeTSic CavatarebT nawilobriv mobili-zacias rom Cvens jarSi avtonomiuri respublikidan im-saxuron afxazebmac, qarTvelebmac, rusebmac, somxebmac, sxva erovnebis adamianebmac, gansxvavebulad imisa, rac arZinbam gaakeTa, rom marto afxazebs misca ufleba da aseT situaciamde miiyvana saqme.

Cven yvelanairad vuWerdiT da davuWerT mxars, rom rac SeiZleba male daiwyos dialogi afxazeTis parlamen-tis qarTvel da afxaz deputatebs Soris, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – am iniciatvas gansakuTrebul mniSvnelo-bas vaniWebT da Zalian gvwyins, rom afxazTa mxare am pro-cesis dawyebas aWianurebs.

saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem kvlav daadastura Tavisi pozicia, rom mzad aris Tundac dResve Sexvdes b-n arZinbas TbilisSi da gamarTos molaparakeba amierkavka-siis samxedro olqis rezidenciaSic, romlis winadade-bac olqis sardlobam wamoayena.

Seexo ra kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederaciis gancxadebas, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem ganmarta,

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rom eTanxmeba saxelmwifo sabWos reagirebas am gancxade-basTan dakavSirebiT da miaCnia, rom seriozuli RonisZie-bebi daisaxa am mimarTulebiT. Cven gvaqvs cnobebi, TiTqos afxazeTSi amJamad Cveni qveynis farglebs garedan 500-ze meti kacia Semosuli da qarTvelTa winaaRmdeg gamo-laSqrebas apirebs. Cven am informacias vamowmebT, da, Tu dadasturdeba maSin iZulebuli viqnebiT gadamWreli zomebi miviRoT, mivceT miTiTeba SeiaraRebul Zalebs aRkveTon maTi moqmedeba. amis saSualebebi Cven gvaqvs.

gaaanaliza ra afxazeTis movlenebTan dakavSirebiT msoflio sazogadoebrivi azris gamoxmaureba, saxelm-wifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem aRniSna, rom „ganvlili pe-riodis, gansakuTrebiT bolo erTi wlis periodis ana-liziT dasturdeba, rom afxazeTis movlenebi karga xnis manZilze Sefarulad igegmeboda da Sesaferis moments elodnen. aseTi momenti dadga maSin, roca Cvenma jarma dislokacia Seicvala da rkinigzis obieqtebis dacvis da mZevlad ayvanili saxelmwifo moRvaweebis gamoxsnis mizniT afxazeTis teritoriaze gadaadgilda. miuxeda-vad imisa, rom am gadaadgilebis gamo adgilobriv xeli-suflebas winaswar ecnoba. Cveni jaris winaaRmdeg aqcia uecrad daiwyes. iyo da aris imis mcdeloba, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – rom saqarTvelo moaqcion poli-tikur da ekonomikur blokadaSi, magram msoflio inte-graciis am periodSi aseTi ram ar SeiZleba moxdes. Cven mzad varT miviRoT nebismieri donis eqspertebi nebi-smieri saerTaSoriso organizaciidan da davamtkicoT Cveni aqtebis samarTlianoba, – dasZina man, da ganagrZo, rom ruseTis zogierTi satelevizio samsaxuris guSin-del siuJetSi (igulisxmeba 23 agvistos programa „ito-gi“ – pressamsaxuri) ara marto tendenciuri, aramed provokaciulic iyo. me arasdros ar vaxden xolme rea-girebas calkeul publikaciebze, – aRniSna eduard Se-vardnaZem, – magaram amgvari mikerZoeba jer ar minaxavs. aseTi ram imperiuli periodis drosac ar yofila. Cemi popularobis reitingi Tu ecema, es Cemi safiqralia da ara sxvisi. me aRar vambob imaze, Tu ramdenad arakom-

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petenturia amgvari msjeloba da ra Seuracxmyofelia igi Cveni xalxisaTvis. yvelam Zalian kargad icis, rom me yovelTvis samarTliani viyavi afxazi xalxis mimarT. amisaTvis jer kidev adre ssr kavSirSi yofnis dros Cvens afxazur kurss bevri mowinaaRmdege hyavda yvela doneze, vinaidan mas metismetad rbilad miiCnevdnen. is rac afxazeTs me gavukeTe – televizia da universiteti iyo Tu sxva ram, es raime piradi sargeblobisa da rbili politikis gamo ki ar gamikeTebia, aramed aucilebeli da saWiro iyo – ra Tqma unda, aseT dros kaci ar fiqrob, rom sikeTe ukan cudad dagibrundeba – dasZina Sevard-naZem, – magram me mainc meamayeba, rom amas vakeTebdi da es gavakeTe. sabednierod uamravi SesaniSnavi megobari myavs afxazeTSi, romlebTanac maqvs mimowera da, mjera, maTTan dialogi iqneba.

– jer-jerobiT ki mdgomareoba rTulia. amitom Cvens xalxs minda movuwodo – ganacxada eduard SevardnaZem, – rom unda gaixsenos Tavisi istoriuli warsuli, roca cal xelSi Toxi eWira da calSi – xmali da ise zrunavda samSoblos Zlierebis SesanarCuneblad. es exeba yvelas – muSas, romelic qarxanaSi Sromobs, glexs, romelic yana-Sia, mevenaxes, memindvres, yvelas, visac Tavisi wvlilis Setana surs Cvens istoriaSi. Cven axla pirvelad gve-Zleva saSualeba avaSenoT marTla Tavisufali, demokra-tiuli qveyana, romelic SeZlebs yvela qveyanasTan urT-ierTobas da ase miaRwevs Tavis keTildReobas. es Sansi xelidan ar unda gavuSvaT.

Tavisi radiogamosvlis dasasruls saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare Seexo momaval arCevnebSi misi monawileobis sakiTxs da aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos axla yvelaze metad sWirdeba kanonieri mTavroba, parlamen-ti. es sWirdeba yvelas, maTs Soris Cvens oponentebsac da yvelaferi unda gavakeToT arCevnebis CatarebisTvis. Tu raimem xeli SegviSala da ver movaxerxeT, albaT gadawe-va mogviwevs.

– Cemi arCevnebSi monawileobis Sesaxeb diskusiebi grZeldeba, – ganagrZo man. – me adre vTqvi, rom arCev-

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nebSi monawileobas miviRebdi rogorc damoukidebeli kandidati. samwuxarod, saarCevno kanonis ganxilvisas sabWom ar miiRo Cemi winadadeba. Cemi morali ar maZlevs uflebas raionma wamoayenos Cemi kandidatura, raionis deputatis funqcias Cemze ukeTesad adgilobrivi depu-tati gaakeTebs; romelime partiaSi Sesvla ki ar minda; erTxel ukve viyavi partiaSi da sakmarisia, – Tqva edu-ard SevardnaZem, – amitom, albaT, unda mivemxro rome-lime bloks, magram romel blokSic unda viyo, me pirda-pir vacxadeb: yvelas mokavSire viqnebi, vinc saqarTvelos sikeTisaTvis, demokratiisaTvis ibrZvis.

avrcelebs­saqarTvelos­­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ yvelas­ mokavSire­ viqnebi,­ vinc­ saqarTvelos­sikeTisaTvis,­demokratiisaTvis­ibrZvis!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­agvisto.­–­N161­(440).­–­1,2­gv.

168

gaeros wevrebs Soris gasavrceleblad

24 agvistos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavm-jdomarem eduard SevardnaZem werili gaugzavna gaer-Tianebuli erebis organizaciis generalur mdivans, mis aRmatebulebas baton butros butros-galis. masSi naTq-vamia:

Tqveno aRmatebulebav!saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos

saxeliT warmogidgenT dokuments „afxazeTis avtonomi-ur respublikaSi mimdinare movlenebis Sesaxeb“, romel-Sic naCvenebia saqarTvelos erT-erT regionSi Seqmnili konfliqtis mizezebi da warmomavloba. amasTan gaaxlebT saxelmwifo sabWos axal mimarTvasac.

Cven didad davalebuli viqnebodiT Tqvengan, Tu es dokumentebi gavrceldeba gaeros wevrebs Soris.

gulwrfelad­Tqveni­e.­SevardnaZe.

gaeros­wevrebs­Soris­gasavrceleblad­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­agvisto.­–­N161­(440).­–­1­gv.

169

saubedurod, yvela Cveni cda – qvakuTxedad davayenoT politikuri dialogi – jerjerobiT

pozitiuri gamoxmaurebis gareSe rCeba

mis aRmatebulebas b-n elcins, ruseTis prezidents, moskovi

Rrmad pativcemulo boris nikolozis Zev,kargad mesmis Tqveni wuxili afxazeTSi mimdinare am-

bebis gamo, romelmac gikarnaxaT „mimarTva saqarTvelo-sa da afxazeTis xelmZRvanelobisadmi“. TqvenTvis cno-bilia Cemi pozicia, romelic mqonda pativi araerTgzis Camomeyalibebina TqvenTvis – avtonomiuri respublikis zogierTi xelmZRvanelis separatistuli moqmedebiT ga-mowveuli konfrontacia unda mogvardes politikuri saSualebebiT. minda dagarwmunoT imaSi, rom Cven amisaT-vis energiul RonisZiebebs mivmarTavT.

saubedurod, yvela Cveni cda – qvakuTxedad davay-enoT politikuri dialogi – jerjerobiT pozitiuri gamoxmaurebis gareSe rCeba. pirveli dRidanve daJinebiT vTavazob afxazeTis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares Sevx-vdeT erTmaneTs TbilisSi da vawarmooT molaparakeba CvenTvis amaRelvebel yvela sakiTxze.

Tu baton v. arZinbas aqvs raime eWvi Tavisi piradi usafrTxoebis Taobaze, mzad varT mivceT Sesabamisi ga-rantiebi. amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis sardlobas ar-aerTgzis SemouTavazebia gamoyos molaparakebisaTvis saWiro Senoba, uzrunvelyos dacva da a. S., magram bato-ni v. arZinba kvlav Tavs aridebs Sexvedras.

situacias aRrmavebs afxazeTSi SeiaraRebul for-mirebaTa aqtiurobis zrda, romlebsac Cvens terito-riaze gzavnis egreT wodebuli kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederacia.

TqvenTvis, albaT, cnobilia, rom maT xelT igdes bi-WvinTa, Tavs daesxnen damsveneblebiT savse satranspor-to gems, romelTa gayvanas Seecadnen zRviT da romlebic axla mZevalTa mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen. wuxel „kon-

170

federaciis“ asobiT kargad SeiaraRebulma eqstremistma ieriSi miitanes qarTuli gvardiis qveganayofebze qalaq gagrasTan. ieriSi mogeriebul iqna adamianTa didi dana-kargebis fasad. amave dros Tavs daesxnen rkinigzis vag-zals soxumSi, rasac agreTve mohyva adamianTa daRupva. dagveTanxmebiT, boris nikolozis Zev, rom aseT pirobeb-sa da garemoebebSi damoukidebeli suverenuli saxelm-wifos saSinao saqmeebSi garedan SeiaraRebuli Carevis gamo uaRresad Znelia saomari moqmedebis Sewyveta.

me, iseve rogorc Tqven, darwmunebuli var, rom ar arsebobs iseTi problema, romlis gadawyveta ar Sei-Zlebodes molaparakebis magidasTan. vfiqrob, Cven war-movadgineT sakmaod mniSvnelovani mtkicebani, rom mxars vuWerT konfliqturi sakiTxebis gadaWris mSvidobi-an meTodebs. magram afxazeTSi Cven – da ara marto Cven – cdiloben Tavs mogvaxvion ukuqmedeba. saxeldobr ki – saomari moqmedebis eskalacia, romelic konfliqtSi iTrevs vrceli regionis xalxebs.

gmadlobT dapirispirebisaTvis, rom mxars dauWerT Cvens samSvidobo Zalisxmevas. darwmunebuli var, Cveni Sexvedra ama wlis 3 seqtembers xels Seuwyobs mSvidobis aRdgenas afxazeTsa da ruseTis samxreTis raionebSi.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

saubedurod,­yvela­Cveni­cda­–­qvakuTxedad­davayenoT­politiku-ri­dialogi­–­jerjerobiT­pozitiuri­gamoxmaurebis­gareSe­rCeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­agvisto.­–­N163­(442).­–­1­gv.

171

eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba

26 agvistos saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem gaakeTa gan-cxadeba imis Taobaze, rom is kvlav iwvevs afxazeTis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares vladislav arZinbas Sex-vedraze TbilisSi. amasTan, uzrunvelyofili iqneba misi usafrTxoebis yvela garantiaTa ucilobeli dacva.

sisxlisRvris dauyovnebeli Sewyvetisa da konfliq-tis politikuri gzebiT mogvarebis mizniT batonma edu-ard SevardnaZem kvlav daadastura saxelmwifo sabWos mier ramdenjerme gamoTqmuli rekomendacia imis Sesax-eb, rom soxumSi rac SeiZleba male Seikribos afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi sabWos sesia.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZis­gancxadeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­re-spublika.­–­1992.­–­27­agvisto.­–­N163­(442).­–­1­gv.­

172

Rrma sinanulTan erTad guliTadi madloba

werili wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komitetis prezidents

27 agvistos zugdidis raionSi momxdar barbarosul

aqtTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo

sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem werili gaugzavna

wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komitetis prezidents kornelio

somarugas. werilSi, kerZod, naTqvamia:

pativcemulo batono somaruga. aRmaSfoTa da guli mat-

kina cnobam, rom Tavs dasxmian saerTaSoriso wiTeli jvris

warmomadgenlebs, romlebic humanitarul misias asruleben

saqarTveloSi. msoflio praqtikaSi uprecedento yaCaRobis

aqti adamianTa mier, romlebic wiTeli jvris droSiT mogzau-

roben, Seuracxhyofs Cvens adamianur da erovnul Rirsebas,

qarTveli xalxis saukunovan tradiciebs, normebsa da warmod-

genebs stumarTmoyvareobisa da keTilSobilebis, sikeTis wil

sikeTis qmnis miswrafebis Sesaxeb.

Tqveni warmomadgeneli batoni botia absoluturad swo-

ria: vinc unda iyvnen Tavdamsxmelebi – isini moqmedebdnen

banditebiviT da amitom unda daisajon kidec. mendeT, yovel

Rones vixmar amisaTvis.

darwmunebuli var, rom rogorc me, ise Cemi mravali Tanam-

emamule, aseve qalaq zugdidis mcxovrebni, sadac es moxda, gmo-

ben am barbarosul danaSauls.

msurs virwmuno, rom momxdari ambavi guls ar auyris

Tqvens TanamSromlebs Cvens qveyanaze misTvis esoden mZime Jams.

momxdaris gamo Rrma sinanulTan erTad, miiReT, batono

pre zidento, Cemi guliTadi madloba daxmarebisa da Tanadgo-

misaTvis.

pativiscemiT,­eduard­SevardnaZe.

Rrma­sinanulTan­erTad­guliTadi­madloba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­

respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­agvisto.­–­N165(444).­–­1­gv.

173

Tavidan aviciloT didi omi kavkasiaSi

yabardo-balyareTis respublikis prezidents v. kokovs yabardo-balyareTis respublikis uzenaesi

sabWos Tavmjdomares x. karmokovs

pativcemulo batonebo,moxaruli var Tqveni gulTbili konstruqciuli

werilisa. diax, albaT, swored aseTi suliskveTeba da ganwyobileba dagvexmareba aRvadginoT mSvidoba kavka-siaSi. swored aseTi suliskveTebiT daucxromlad veZebT mSvidobiani gadawyvetis gzas da, imedi maqvs, aucileb-lad vipoviT.

roca kacs saxli ewveba, mezoblebi cecxlis Caqroba-Si exmarebian da ara gaRvivebaSi. saubedurod, CvenTvis saerTo am tradiciis damrRvevni gamoCndnen kavkasiaSi, romlebic swored ase danaSaulebrivad iqcevian. mxed-velobaSi myavs kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederaciis xelmZRvanelebi, romelTa gamoisobiT saqarTvelosaTvis Sinapolitikur konfliqts saerTo [ar ikiTxeba] sauku-neebis elferi dahkravs maT brZanebas, rom CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublikebSi mcxovrebi yvela qarTveli mZev-lebad gamoacxadon, Tbilisi ki ubedurebis zonad.

konfederaciebi iqmneba da iSleba, saqarTvelosa da yabardo-balyareTs ki maradiuli sazRvrebi da maradi-uli interesebi aqvT. da maTi dacvisaTvis Cveni xalxebi Cven mogvkiTxaven da ara am ukanono organizaciis lid-erebs kavkasiis xalxTa saxeliT laparakis ufleba rom dauCemebiaT.

imedi maqvs, xels SegviwyobT Tqveni respublikidan Camosul egreT wodebul moxaliseTa gawvevaSi, rac, Cemi azriT, iqneba Tqveni wvlili kavkasiaSi didi omis Tav-idan acilebaSi.

ultimatumebi aravisTvis ar wamiyenebia da arc va-pireb amas. amave dros SemiZlia gavugo adamianebs, rom-lebic, xedaven ra Tu rogor iRupebian TanamebrZolebi, qalebi da bavSvebi da, isac ician, Tu vis ekisreba paux-

174

ismgebloba amisaTvis, moiTxoven am pirovnebis gadadgo-mas.

mSvidoba gvwyuria da mivaRwevT kidec mas. am azriT gisurvebT yovelive saukeTesos Tqven, Tqvens axloblebs, moZme yabardo-balyareTis mTel xalxebs.

pativiscemiT...eduard­SevardnaZe.

Tavidan­aviciloT­didi­omi­kavkasiaSi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­agvisto.­–­N165­(444).­–­1­gv.

175

Cveni ymawvilebis quCebSi gamofena ki ar ga arTulebs mdgomareobas, aramed gaalamazebs

Cvens yofas!

eduard SevardnaZis radiointerviu

Tavis tradiciul radiointerviuSi saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem 31 agvistos diliT, roca bolo kviris movlenebi gaanalizes, ga-nacxada:

Tu gasuli kviris movlenebs samxedro Tvalsazris-iT SevxedavT, davinaxavT, rom Cveni SeiaraRebuli Zale-bi ZiriTadad akontroleben yvela mniSvnelovan punqts. amas ki udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs momavlis Tvalsazris-iT.

mZime brZolebi grZeldeboda bzifis xeobaSi. Cveni SeiaraRebuli SenaerTebis poziciebs ZiriTadad uteven daqiravebulebi da Zalian samwuxaroa, rom gveRupebian axalgazrdebi gagraSic, soxumSic. am diliT gumisTaSic iyo Setakeba... vfiqrobT saxelmwifo SeiaraRebuli Za-lebi eSeras iqiT ar unda wavidnen, Tu ki ar gvaiZules. gudauTisken wasvla did msxverpls gamoiwvevs, amitom mivmarTav yvelas gudauTaSi, gamoiCinon meti pasuxismge-bloba, rom ar moxdes raime provokacia.

Tqven iciT, rom batonma Tengiz kitovanma soWSi xeli moawera oqms cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. Canafiqri Zalian kargia, magram frontis xazi imdenad rTuli konfigu-raciisaa, rom srolis Sewyveta Zalian Zneli iqneba... me movuwodeb mowinaaRmdeges, rom erToblivi ZalisxmeviT 3 seqtembrisTvis mainc SevwyvitoT cecxli, roca ZiriT-adi gadawyvetileba iqneba miRebuli.

axla aqa-iq gaismis xmebi, TiTqos cecxlis SewyvetisTanave saqarTvelos respublikis SeiaraRebu-li jaric dauyovnebliv unda gamovides am regionidan. aseT mowodebas ar SeiZleba hqondes raime gamarTleba, radgan saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebi Tavisi qveynis teritoriaze imyofebian...

176

es yvelam unda gaigos... Seexo ra ruseTis xelmZRvanelobasTan momaval mo-

laparakebas, batonma e. SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom 3 seqtembris Sexvedraze ganxiluli iqneba ruseTTan saqarTvelos momavali urTierTobis principuli sakiTx-ebi, agreTve CrdiloeT kavkasiasa da amierkavkasiis re-gionebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi. man ganacxada – am molaparakebaze, – ganacxada man, – did imedebs vamyareb.

jer cxinvalis regionis, axla afxazeTis konfliqt-ma dagvarwmuna, rom Zalian seriozulad unda mivxedoT qveynis uSiSroebas Cveni geopolitikuri mdebareobis gamo. didi sifrTxile gvmarTebs yvelasTan urTierTo-bis dros. amasTan davakSirebiT minda pirdapir mivmarTo radiomsmenelebs, rom CvenTvis e.w. „vai-patriotizmi“ araviTari sikeTis momtani ar aris da misiT ar unda vix-elmZRvaneloT.

radiokomentatoris nato onianis SekiTxvaze, Tu ras fiqrobs saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomare baton arZinbas gamosvlaze gudauTis televiziiT, romlis drosac igi afxazur-megrul saxelmwifos SeqmniT imuqreboda, ba-tonma eduard SevardnaZem Tqva: ar vici, aseTi ram ar mo-mismenia, magram Tu es marTlac iTqva, Seuracxmyofelia da Cveni jari rkinigzis dasacavadac rom ar Sesuliyo, amisaTvis uTuod Sevidoda. aseTi gancxadebebi pirvel rigSi afxazebisTvis aris saziano.

dasavleTis seriozul politikur wreebSi ZiriT-adad obieqturi Sefaseba eZleva im procesebs, rac afx-azeTSi xdeba. iq Cvens pozicias bevri iziarebs, radgan maT ver warmoudgeniaT, rom romelime qveynis mTavrobam, xelisuflebam dauSvas qveynis dayofa da danawileba da, saerTod, separatizmi. xelisufleba valdebulia da-icvas qveynis mTlianoba, masSi mcxovrebi yvela moqalaqe, da mova dro, Cvenc gavakeTebT amas, Cven afxazi xalxis garantiebsac davicavT da afxazebi amaSi male darwmun-debian.

Cven werilebi gavugzavneT saerTaSoriso organi-zaciebs eqspertebis mosawvevad. magram, iq ase swrafad

177

ar wydeba aseTi sakiTxebi. amitom sanam amis Sesaxeb raime pasuxs miviRebdeT, Cveni ZiriTadi sakiTxebi unda ga-davwyvitoT, Tumca ara ZaliT aramed mSvidobiani poli-tikuri gzebiT, Zalismieri meTodebiT verafers ver ga-davwyvetT.

momaval arCevnebSi mis monawileobaze saubrisas ba-tonma eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom qarTvelebs ar Seu-ZliaT ar iyvnen originaluri, mec saWirod CavTvale ase movqceuliyavi, radgan valdebuli var angariSi gavuwio rogorc calkeul blokebs ise partiebsac, rom momaval parlamentSi erTianobis principi iqnes daculi. momava-li parlamentis erTianobas safuZveli am TaviTve unda CavuyaroT. me ise var ganwyobili, rom dinebis winaaRm-deg ar wavide.

Tavis radiointervius dasasruls batoni eduard SevardnaZe Seexo momavali saswavlo wlis dawyebas da amasTan dakavSirebiT kerZod aRniSna: mivuaxlovdiT 1 se-qtembers da gaCnda mosazreba, rom gadagvetana swavlis dawyebis dro, radgan saqarTveloSi mSvidoba ar aris da calkeul regionebSi destabilizaciaa. asaxelebd-nen sxva motivebsac, magram me swavlis dawyebis vadis gadatanis kategoriuli winaaRmdegi var. unda mivceT Cvens ymawvilebs, axalgazrdebs, pedagog-maswavleblebs saSualeba daubrundnen skolebs, saswavleblebs. miT umetes, zogierTi problema, romelic swavlis dawyebas-Tan dakavSirebiT gvqonda mogvarebulia.

SeiZleba axla milocvebis dro arc iyos, magram 1 se-qtemberi mainc 1 seqtemberia. amitom minda yvelas – mos-wavlesac da maswavlebelsac – mivuloco es dRe. Cveni axalgazrdobis did umravlesobas kargad esmis Cveni mdgomareoba, amitom maTi quCebSi gamofena ki ar gaar-Tulebs mdgomareobas, aramed gaalamazebs Cvens yofas.

– me didi survili maqvs, – Tqva dasasruls batonma SevardnaZem, – 1 seqtembers Camoviaro skolebi da uma-Rlesi saswavleblebi, Sevxvde yvelas, magram, samwux-arod, ar gamaCnia amis saSualeba. amitom vulocav yvelas 1 seqtembris dRes, mivesalmebi da vexvevi mamaSvilurad.

178

mjera, maTi skolebsa da saswavlebelbSi dabruneba Cveni damSvidebis momaswavlebeli iqneba.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

Cveni­ymawvilebis­quCebSi­gamofena­ki­ar­gaarTulebs­mdgomareo-bas,­aramed­gaalamazebs­Cvens­yofas!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­seqtemberi.­–­N166–167­(446).­–­1­gv.

179

eduard SevardnaZe: aseT omebSi veravin verimarjvebs – yvela marcxdeba

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris interviu „izvestiis“ korespondents besik

urigaSvils

saqarTvelos mudmivi warmomadgenlobis prescentris cnoba

„izvestiaSi“ (2 seqtemberi) gamoqveynebuli saqarT-velos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris e. SevardnaZis interviu SeiZleba miviCnioT pasuxad mra-valricxovan braldebebze, davasa da Jurnalistebis gan-sakuTrebiT v. arZinbas momxreebis mier atexil aJiota-Jze, romelSic saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem erTxel kidev daadastura Tavisi erTguleba misi xelmZRvanelo-biT saxelmwifos ganviTarebis demokratiuli da humanu-ri gzisadmi da ganmarta respublikaSi Seqmnili situa-cia.

– afxazeTSi SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dawyebamde erTi kviriT adre Tqven brZaneT, Tu vinmes surs ZaliT gadaWras saqarTvelos problemebi, me saamisod ar gamo-vdgebio. ra Seicvala mas Semdeg?

– araferi. isev mag princips vadgavar 70-iani wlebis miwuruls, roca afxazeTSi masobrivi mRelvareba iyo, zogierTi maSindeli moskoveli da Tbiliseli xelmZR-vaneli daJinebiT moiTxovda Zalis gamoyenebas. ver dami-yolies.

CemTvis nebismieri saSinao konfliqtis, rogori-caa, vTqvaT, qarTvel-osTa konfliqtis politikuri mogvareba stabilizaciis, demokratiuli saqarTvelos mSeneblobis erT-erTi gadamwyveti wanamZRvaria. zogi Cemi Tanamemamule misayvedurebs, rom am teritoriaze Seyvanilia ruseTisa da CrdiloeT oseTis qvedanayofe-bi, romlebmac qarTul batalionTan erTad uzrunve-

180

lyves cecxlis Sewyveta. magram me vuTxari, mTel pasux-ismgeblobas me vkisrulob-meTqi, radgan axla mTavaria Sewydes sisxlisRvra.

axla imdenad duxWirad vcxovrobT, rom raRac axali garTulebebis Seqmna marTlac rom ugunurebaa. hoda, afxazeTSi es konfrontacia Cven ar Segviqmnia – Cven CagviTries masSi.

Cven iZulebuli viyaviT sakuTari teritoriis far-glebSi gadagveadgilebina jarebi – sxvaTa Soris, kat-egoriulad ar veTanxmebi termins „jarebis Seyvanas“, TiTqos ucxo saxelmwifoSi SevWriliyaviT. faqtobrivad sxva arCevani ar dagvitoves.

rkinigza, romelic afxazeT-dasavleT saqarTvelos teritoriaze gadis, mTavari arteriaa, romelic re-spublikas yovelive saWiros awvdis. CvenTvis, sxvaTa Soris, iseve rogorc mezobeli somxeTisaTvis, es WeS-maritad sicocxlis gzaa. da ai, Tebervlis aqeT am ar-teriam katastrofulad iwyo Seviwroeba – xidebis, liandagebis, sakontaqto qselis sayrdenebis afeTqeba, Semadgenlobebze Tavdasxma; Zarcva... yovelive aman didi qalaqebis, mTeli regionebis mosaxleobas SimSilis sa-frTxe Seuqmna. isedac mwir miwodebas moklebuli, gaC-erda ekonomika.

Cven yulfSi Tavgayofilni vcxovrobdiT, am yulfs ki sul ufro da ufro gviWerdnen im dros, roca respublik-is wliuri biujeti sul 25 miliardi maneTia, diversiiT miyenebulma zaralma 12 miliardi maneTi Seadgina. meo-re mizezia terorizmi, SeiaraRebuli bandebis TavSesa-farisa da bazebis umravlesoba afxazeTis teritori-aze da mis mosazRvre dasavleT saqarTvelos raionebSi iyo. iqidanve modiodnen sadiversiod da Tavs esxmodnen erovnuli gvardiis qvedanayofebs. mkafiod Canda ganaz-raxi – iseTi viTareba SeeqmnaT, romelsac mSvidobian mosaxleobaSi rac SeiZleba meti msxverpli mohyoloda, ukiduresobamde gaemwvavebinaT viTareba, CaeklaT sta-bilizaciis procesi da, rogorc amis Sedegi, CaeSalaT arCevnebic.

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Cven ar gvindoda jarebis CarTva policiuri funqci-is SesrulebaSi. policias davavaleT, magram es sakmari-si ar aRmoCnda. afxazeTis xelmZRvanelobas vTxoveT uzrunveleyoT matareblis Semadgenlobebisa da rkinig-zebis obieqtebis dacva. ramdenime matarebeli ki gadaar-Cines TavianTi ZalebiT, magram Semdeg es Zalebic aRar eyoT.

iZulebuli gavxdiT magistralebze sagangebo wesebi SemogveRo, SevimuSaveT specialuri gegma, romlis Tanax-madac maTi dacvis mTavari amocana jaris qvedanayofebs daekisraT. Cveni moqmedeba SeTanxmebuli iyo afxazeTis xelmZRvanelobasTan.

– arZinbam icoda yovelive es? – piradad vesaubre telefoniT. principulad

dagveTanxma. erTaderTi, rac ver movaswariT, es iyo misTvis moqmedebis gegmis gacnoba: dagvaswres – enguris sarkinigzo xidi aafeTqes, romelic zugdidis raions galTan akavSirebda. saavtomobilo xidis afeTqebis re-aluri safrTxec Seiqmna. es ki sruli katastrofa iqne-boda.

200-kacianma mewinave razmma daubrkoleblad gaiara galis raioni, magram oCamCiris raionis sazRvarTan tyvia dauSines afxazma gvardielebma. xalxi daiRupa. hoda, amiT daiwyo yvelaferi.

vimeoreb: sxva arCevani aRar gvqonda. arc axla gvaqvs: unda davicvaT magistralebi. uzrunvelvyoT transpor-tis normaluri muSaoba, movspoT diversiebisa da tero-ris kerebi, daRupvisagan unda vixsnaT qveyana da xalxi.

afxazeTis xelmZRvanelobas vTavazobdi da axlac vTavazob erTad vqnaT es. sanam im ubedurebaTa wyaros ar movspobT, romelic Tanabar safrTxes gviqmnis orives, Znelia mSvidobaze laparaki.

– SesaZlebelia Tu ara amgvar aqciaSi samxedro gamar-jveba?

– jer arcerTi saSinao konfliqti ar mogvarebula ZaliT ra terminsac unda xmarobdnen, – „agresia“, „SeWra“, Cvens sakuTar xalxs ar vebrZviT. afxazeTi saqarTvelos

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nawilia, afxazebi, iseve rogorc qarTvelebi, mkvidri mosaxleobaa. aseT „omebSi“ veravin ver imarjvebs – yvela marcxdeba.

– 8 seqtembers moskovSi am konfliqtis mSvidobi-ani mogvarebis mizniT Sexvedra gaimarTeba. Tavad Tqven gjeraT, rom aseTi mogvareba SesaZlebelia?

– mjera, iseve, rogorc yovelTvis gvjeroda. hoda, rogorRac yovelTvis raRacas vaxerxebdiT, rogorc 70-ian wlebSi movaxerxeT imave afxazeTTan. srola unda Sewydes, sisxlis Rvras bolo unda moeRos.

– maSin rogorRa SevafasoT afxazeTSi qarTuli jaris sardlis, polkovnik gia yaryaraSvilis gancxade-ba, mzad var 100 aTasi qarTveli gavwiro oRond 97 aTasi afxazi gavwyvitoo?

– bevrma ar icis, ra uZRoda magas win. yaryaraSvili Tavis 3 TanamebrZol megobarTan erTad samxedro tyvee-bisa da mZevlebis gacvlis Taobaze mosalaparakeblad wavida. amis Taobaze winaswar SeuTanxmda afxazebs, ro-melTagan bevri pativs scemda mas, rogorc gulad da pa-tiosan kacs. uecrad srola gaisma da misi 2 megobari usu-lod daeca. samwuxarod, roca sisxli iRvreba, sityvebis SerCeva Wirs, da es „sityvieri omic“ axal sisxlis Rvras iwvevs.

– Tqven erovnuli Serigebis manifesti gamoaqveyneT. mas didad sagrZnobi Sedegi ar mohyolia. amboben, es Sec-doma iyoo, hoda, zogierTi meTvalyure amtkicebs, afxaz-eTis aqcia SevardnaZes imisTvis dasWirda, rom pozicie-bi gaimagros da zviadistebi gadaibiroso.

– amgvar „braldebebsa“ da monaCmaxs pasuxs arc gav-cem, amdenad absurdulia. rac Seexeba manifests, tyu-ilad ggoniaT mase... man Tavisi saqme gaakeTa da swored imaT Soris, visac Tqven zviadistebs uwodebT bevri maT-gani darwmunda, rom sakuTar qveyanaSi mtrebs ar veZebT, da mogvendo.

– bevrs ver gaugia da ver auxsnia siZulvilisa da Seu-wynareblobis is azvirTeba, romelsac jarebis gadaadg-ilebis Semdeg sisxlis Rvra mohyva.

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– amas bevri mizezi aqvs. da Tu es mizezebi ver avx-seniT, Zneli gasagebi iqneba es azvirTeba, absurdia, roca yvelafers iseTi saxiT gvTavazoben, TiTqos qarTvelebi gadareuliyvnen da TviTon spobdnen sakuTar Tavs.

afxazebi Cveni saxelmwifos xalxia. diax, winaT maT uflebebs seriozulad laxavdnen – amas yovelTvis sa-jarod vambobdi. es xdeboda stalinis drosac, ufro mogvianebiTac, ramdenadac SemeZlo maSindeli realo-bis pirobebSi yovelnairad vcdilobdi zogi ram mainc gamomesworebina. raRacas mivaRwie kidec da ramdenic unda ilaparakon Cems gauTavebel daTmobebze, kvlavin-deburad mimaCnia, rom swored vmoqmedebdi.

magram Semdeg sxva talRa agorda – separatizmi. es Semzaravi movlenaa. mas sazRvrebi ara aqvs, separatizmi permanentuli daqucmacebis inerciaa, romelic axal kon-fliqtebs warmoSobs.

swored separatistulad ganwyobil afxaz poli-tikosTa nawilma isargebla wina reJimis politikuri sibeciT da „gaaTria“ saarCevno kanoni, romelsac sxvas verafers vuwodeb, Tu ara diskriminaciuls. swored am kanonSi iyo Cadebuli is bombi, romelic dRes afeTqda.

me mesmis, rom umciresobas garantirebuli unda hqondes Tavisi uflebebi, magram ara ise, rom am garan-tiebma parlamentSi umravlesoba da nebismieri iseTi kanonis miRebis SesaZlebloba misces, romelic ugulebe-lyofs mosaxleobis danarCeni, Tanac umravlesi nawilis uflebebsa da interesebs. es eTnodiqtaturis pirdapiri gzaa.

bolo 7 Tvis manZilze am parlamentSi dReniadag igrZnoboda Zalisa da eTnikuri upiratesobis demon-strireba, iRebdnen kanonebs, romlebic ugulebelyofd-nen umravlesobis uflebebs da elementarul saR azrs. aRadgines konstitucia, romelic dRes ararsebuli amierkavkasiis federaciis dros miiRes. SorsmWvrete-li afxazi politikosebi jer kidev maSin winaswarme-tyvelebdnen, rom igi patara afxazeTs gaTiSavda da daanawevrebda.

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yovlad ususuria imis damowmeba, rom saqarTveloSi aRadgines 1921 wlis konstitucia, romelSic afxazeTi saerTod ar aris moxseniebuli. misi amoqmedebis dros, am gadawyvetilebis avtorebma preambulaSi afxazeTis avtonomiac moixsenies da dasZines, rom es sakiTxi parla-mentis arCevis Semdeg gadawydeboda.

konstituciuri krizisi winaswar iyo dagegmili da Znelad Tu davijerebT, rom misma inspiratorebma ar icodnen, rasa iqmodnen.

– da mainc, SegiZliaT SeurigdeT im azrs, rom SeiZle-ba afxazeTi gavides saqarTvelos Semadgenlobidan?

– vera, ver Sevurigdebi, radgan iseTi qveynis urmis Tvalze gakvra da gleja rogorc saqarTveloa, niSnavs cocxlad dakepo xalxis, Taobebis, ojaxebis cxovre-ba, Tanamedroveoba da istoria. Cven saukuneTa manZil-ze erTad gvicxovria am miwa-wyalze, erTad gagvidgams fesvi, erTmaneTisTvis gadagvixlarTia fesvebi da bedi, wes-Cveulebani da tradiciebi, saxelebi da simRerebi. axla es fesvTa sistema davCexoT? maSin xom miwas dae-narcxeba da yvelas qveS mogviyolebs saerTo xe.

me bevr afxazs vicnob, romlebic ase fiqroben. da ar vicnob arcerT qarTvels, romelic daSlis ideas Seurigdeboda, sanam Tundac erTi qarTveli iqneba cocx-ali, aseT azrs ver SevurigdebiT.

– maSin SesaZleblad migaCniaT Tu ara federaciuli urTierToba?

– ar SemiZlia, ufleba ara maqvs gavuswro movlenaTa ganviTarebas. es momavali parlamentis saqmea. saqarTve-los da afxazeTis saxelmwifo wyobis forma referen-dumis meSveobiT unda gansazRvros xalxma. magram, gu-laxdilad getyviT, saqarTvelos federaciuli mowyoba didad ar mjera. gonivruli ar iqneboda brmad migvebaZa ruseTisTvis, uzarmazari qveynisTvis, romelsac sxvag-vari specifika, istoria da tradiciebi aqvs. saqarTve-los federaciuli mowyobis gareSec SeiZleba gadawydes sakiTxebi, romlebic afxazebis Sesabamis uflebebis da

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statusis garantias mogvcems. yvelaferi SeiZleba er-Tiani saxelmwifos farglebSi gadawydes.

– ho, ruseTis Sesaxeb rogor ggoniaT misi axlandeli pozicia sakuTar avtonomiebSi analogiuri problemiT xom ar aris ganpirobebuli?

– me mgonia, ruseTi xelmZRvanelobs sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso normebiT, romlebic gamo-acxada helsinkis saboloo aqtma da parizis saevropo qartiam. ruseTis demokratiuli xelmZRvaneloba sxvag-varad ver miudgeba sazRvrebis urRveobisa da teri-toriis mTlianobis problemas. esec ar iyos, me mgonia, ruseTi dainteresebulia saqme hqondes erTian, mTlian, stabilur saqarTvelosTan. daqsaqsuli saqarTvelo ve-rasodes ver iqneba stabiluri. hoda, mSvidoba da simS-vide ver daisadgurebs ruseTisTvis am saarsebo mniSvn-elobis regionSi.

– rogor afasebT kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfeda-raciis rols am konfliqtSi?

– ise, rogorc Rirsia. misi liderebis moqmedebas sx-vas verafers vuwodeb, Tu ara saerTaSoriso terorizms, romelsac faSizmis suni udis.

es konfederacia agresias mimarTavs. Cvens saSin-ao saqmeebSi ereva am respublikebis teritoriebidan. iq muSaoben radiosadgurebi, romlebic koordinacias uweven sabrZolo moqmedebas afxazeTSi. iqidan modian avazakebi, romlebic Cvens moqalaqeebs xocaven. iqidan iZlevian brZanebebs Cvens dedaqalaqaSi teroris dam-kvidrebis Taobaze. Tanac yvela qarTveli – am respub-likebis moqalaqe – mZevlad gamoacxades.

zedmeti ar iqneba CavufiqrdeT ratom aris, rom main-cdamainc patara afxazeTi gadaaqcies erTgvar kolbad, romelSic ubnelesi reaqciis krizisuli masa buybuy-ebs. aq aris yofili sakavSiro parlamentis saZraxisad cnobil dajgufebaTa mfarvelobac, Jirinovskic Tavis partiianad, „konfederaciac“, romelic rusebs aSinebs zogierTi respublikis gamoyofiT da meore kavkasiuri

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omis aCrdiliT, Cveni Sinauri insurgentebic romleb-sac uecrad TavdaviwyebiT SeuyvardaT xalxi, romelsac winaT arsebobis uflebasac ki ar aZlevdnen.

mereda, ra aqvT maT saerTo? araferi, gar-da ukiduresze ukiduresi eqstremizmisa, magram ukiduresobani xom erTmaneTSi gadadis.

– ratom aris esoden TavSekavebuli dasavleTis rea-qcia afxazeTis ambebze – es piradad Tqveni ndobis kred-itia, Tu esmiT, rom saqarTvelo iZulebulia ase imoqme-dos?

– iqneb ramdenadme am ndobis Sedegic iyos. es kredi-ti imitom ki ar mogveca, rom aq SevardnaZea, aramed imi-tom, rom saqarTvelom demokratiuli saxelmwifos aSen-ebis kursi airCia. isic esmiT, rom am urTules procesSi Cven iseT uCveulo problemebsac gadavawydiT, rogoric jerjerobiT arcerT sxva saxelmwifos ar hqonia.

– da mainc, ra migaqvT moskovSi? gaqvT Tu ara mSvido-biani mowesrigebis konkretuli gegma?

gvaqvs. magram neba miboZeT jerjerobiT ar gagim-JRavnoT. Cven am omis Sewyveta gvsurs da isic viciT ro-gor unda gakeTdes es. magram martooden Cveni survili ar kmara. yvelaferi imazea damokidebuli, Tu ramdenad mzad aris yvela mxare xeli gauwodos erTmaneTs.

2/IX­92­w.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ aseT­ omebSi­ veravin­ ver­ imarjvebs­ –­ yvela­marcxdeba­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­seqtemberi.­–­N170(449).­–­2­gv.

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Telavis musikaluri festivalis monawileebs

didad gvaxarebs, rom TelavSi kvlav imarTeba wlebis manZilze tradiciad qceuli musikaluri festivali „qeba vazisa“. es aris xelovnebis WeSmariti dResaswau-li, romlis mniSvneloba gansakuTrebiT dRes ganuzom-lad didia. igi miznad isaxavs ukeTilSobiles amocanebs, warmoadgens Cveni axalgazrdobis SesaniSnav keras, am-Rlebs qarTuli erovnuli kulturis saerTaSoriso avtoritets.

am saqmeSi fasdaudebelia festivalis iniciatori-sa da sulisCamdgmelis, saqveynod cnobili pianistis, Cveni Zvirfasi qalbatonis – eliso virsalaZis Rvawli. swored misma saxelma ganapiroba am festivalSi maRa-li rangis musikosTa monawileoba, festivalis uaRresi prestiJuloba.

guliTadad mivesalmebi Telavis musikaluri festi-valis ToToeul monawiles, vusurveb maT did adamianur bednierebas, musikis zeimis warmatebiT Catarebas.

gamovTqvam imeds, rom demokratiul, Tavisufal da damoukidebel saqarTveloSi aRorZindeba qarTuli xe-lovneba, imZlavrebs Cveni eris didi SemoqmedebiTi niWi da qarTuli kulturis mravalsaukunovani tradiciebi Rirseulad gagrZeldeba.

e.­SevardnaZe,saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomare.

Telavis­ musikaluri­ festivalis­ monawileebs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­5­seqtemberi.­–­N171­(450).­–­1­gv.­

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eduard SevardnaZe: Cven sruli safuZveli gvaqvs movTxovoT yvelas, maT Soris afxazeTis

xel mZRvanelebsac, rom Seasrulon moskovSi xel mowerili xelSekruleba

1992 wlis 7 seqtembris radiointerviu

– gasuli kvira Zalian mniSvnelovani, SesaZloa er-Ti-erTi seriozuli etapic iyo saqarTvelos damou-kideblobis, saxelmwifoebriobis mSeneblobis gzaze, – Tqva saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem Tavis radiointerviuSi 1992 wlis 7 seqtembers, roca tradiciulad ganvlili kviris, movlenebi gaaanaliza.

bevri ram gairkva da perspeqtivebic Zalian saint-ereso gamoikveTa. gadaidga praqtikuli nabijebi, rom moskovSi xelmowerili dokumentebi realobad iqces. ukve 2 dRea, saqarTvelos samTavrobo komisia, romelsac batoni Tengiz sigua xelmZRvanelobs, soxumSi muSaobs da adgilobriv xelmZRvanelebTan erTad cdilobs Sewydes cecli da ganxorcieldes miRebuli gadawyvetileba. am mxriv didi muSaoba gaswia Cveni jarebis sardalma ba-tonma gia yaryaraSvilma, am procesSi CarTulia batoni Tengiz kitovani.

guSin, baton Tengiz siguas hqonda Sexvedra calkeul afxaz xelmZRvanelebTan. – batonebTan zurab labaxu-asTan, aleqsandre anquabTan, sxvebTan, moilaparakes, Tu rogor unda moxdes pirveli gaerTianebuli sxdomis or-ganizacia. es sxdoma 8 seqtembers unda gaimarTos. moskov-idan Camodis sakmaod kompetenturi da avtoritetuli jgufi, misi wevrebi Sevlen komisiaSi ruseTis mxridan, roca am jgufis Semadgenlobas gavecani, davrwmundi, rom ruseTis xelmZRvaneloba Zalian seriozulad ekide-ba am saqmes.

komisia marto samxedro elementebs rodi iTval-iswinebs, igi Seecdeba rkinigzis funqcionirebis ga-

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naxlebas erTiani ZalebiT. amasTan dakavSirebiT Camov-len ruseTis gzaTa saministros warmomadgenlebi da, vfiqrob, maTTan erTad am sakiTxs ukeT gadavwyvetT.

ase rom, praqtikuli muSaoba daiwyo da pirveli Se-degebi ase Tu ise, ukve Cans. axla umTavresi amocana is aris, rom SevwyvitoT cecxli. rogorc mogexsenebaT, saerTod amgvari SeTanxmebani idealuri sizustiT ar sruldeba xolme da arc afxazeTia gamonaklisi. guSinac iyo srola. ramdenime gvardieli daiWra eSeris raionSi, kanti-kunti srola ismoda gagraSi; magram me mainc vime-dovneb, rom roca afxazeTis xelmZRvaneloba Tavis saqmi-anobas daubrundeba da saTanado kontrols dauwesebs Tavis sajariso formirebebs, cecxlis Sewyvetis garan-tiebi gacilebiT meti iqneba.

vimeoreb, cecxlis Sewyveta axla umTavresi amocanaa, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem. – sxva SemTxvevaSi Tu brZolebi gagrZelda, mSvidobaze laparaki zedmeti iqne-ba. vfiqrob sruli safuZveli gvaqvs movTxovoT yvelas, maT Soris afxazeTis xelmZRvanelobasac, rom Seasru-lon xelmowerili xelSekruleba. rogorc ki soxumSi pirveli sxdoma Catardeba, Cvens sazogadoebas srul in-formacias mivawvdiT.

Seexo ra moskovSi miRebul gadawyvetilebaTa Ses-axeb Seqmnil sazogadoebriv azrs da zogierT Sefasebas amasTan dakavSirebiT, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem Tqva: moskovSi xelmoweril Semajamebel dokumentsa da deklaraciaze Cveni xalxis reagireba dadebiTia. sazoga-doebis ZiriTadma nawilma isini ise aRiqva, rogorc mosa-lodneli iyo. magram ar SemiZlia ar gamovTqva garkveuli imedgacruebac calkeuli liderebis, calkeul partiaTa xelmZRvanelebis gamosvlebis gamo; da ara imitom, rom isini am dokumentebis zogierT debulebebSi gvedavebi-an (aseTi dava aucilebelia), aramed am SefasebaTa arak-valificiurobis, zerelobis da diletanturobis gamo; mapation, rom konkretulad aravis ar vasaxeleb, magram xandaxan Seurawyofiladac ki vgrZnob Tavs, rom zogjer ase ubralod vuyurebT yvelafer amas. es aris ubralo am-

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bavi, radgan, vici, zogierT maTgans Cveni sazogadoebis garkveuli nawili usmens da pativs scems.

Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi formirebis sakiTxi dRes iseT donezea da damoukideblobis damkvidreba imdenad mwvaved mimdinareobs, rom yvelas unda gvamoZravebdes pasuxismgeblobis gansakuTrebuli grZnoba. Cvens Sefase-bebsa da gamosvlebSi araferi ar unda iyos zerele da ase unda vuyurebdeT did saxelmwifoebriv movlenebs, vTqvaT, iseT movlenebs, rogoric aris ruseT-saqarT-velos faqtoris amoqmedeba da gamoyeneba, Cveni qveynis damoukideblobisaTvis brZolaSi. es CvenTan erTad sxva qveynebsac exeba da amas didi windaxeduleba, pasuxismge-bloba da yvelafris awon-dawonva sWirdeba.

amas movuwodeb yvelas, – ganagrZo e. SevardnaZem, – vinc gaagrZelebs diskusias am dokumentebis Sinaarsze, maT calkeul muxlebze, amasTan vurCevdi, aseT dros angariSi gauwion imis moTxovnas, rom marto Cven rodi vagebT pasuxs yvelaferze, aramed isini TviTonac ageben pasuxs xalxis winaSe.

ganagrZo ra am Temaze saubari, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem Tqva: Cven wertili davsviT iq, sadac saWiro iyo da misi dayovneba arc afxazebs, da arc qa-rTvelebs kargs arafers uqadda. rogorc erTma svanma axalgazrdam momwera, – Tqva man, – konfliqti afxazTa fizikur ganadgurebas da qarTvelTa sulier damarcxe-bas moaswavebda; msxverplTan erTad moralur damarcxe-baze maqvs saubari.

amitom axla imaze dava, TiTqos saqme bolomde unda migveyvana da ar unda SevCerebuliyaviT, ar SeiZleba. yvelas unda axsovdes, raoden pasuxsageb etapze imyofe-ba axla Cveni qveyana da ra didi mniSvneloba aqvs imis codnas, Tu rodis unda SeCerde, rodis unda dasva wer-tili. Tu ramdenad marTali varT Cven, es, dae, momavalma gansajos, magram axla aseTi moTxovnebi kargs arafers mogvitans, amitom movuwodeb yvelas meti pasuxismge-blobisaken.

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me movuwodeb yvelas, Sewydes es gauTavebeli Si-na-omobana, unda damTavrdes es ambavi, Tu gvinda, rom Tavi davaRwioT am kriziss, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Cven ganwiruli varT. me ar vumalav amas Cvens xalxs, da mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb, rom gauTavebel Sina omebs, Setakebebs, sisxlis Rvras, msxverpls, yvelafer amas wer-tili Tu ar daesva, daviRupebiT. me mgoni, moskovSi xe-lmowerili dokumentebi – Semajamebeli SeTanxmeba da deklaracia mSvidobianobis Camovardnil karg safuZ-vels warmoadgens.

im areulobebma, wlebis ganmavlobaSi rom grZel-deba, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem – xalxi muSaobas gadaaCvia. Cven SeveCvieT im azrs, rom yvelafers vurig-debiT, vTqvaT: ra moxda mere, rom xalxi SimSilobs; ra uWirs rom transporti ar muSaobs; mere ra, rom pensiebs ver iRebs xalxi; anda – xelfasia Zalian dabali, romli-Tac arseboba da cxovreba ar SeiZleba – a.S. es ubedure-baa. Tu Cven amas SeveCvieT, maSin yvelaferze xeli unda CaviqnioT da momavalzec aRar unda vifiqroT. vimeoreb, Tu Cven am mdgomareobidan ver gamovediT da amgvar gan-wyobas Tavi ver davaRwieT, Cven SeiZleba umZimes mdgo-mareobaSi aRmovCndeT. mjera, jer kidev ar aris gvian, oRond unda gamovarkvioT da yvelaferi unda gavake-ToT, rom erTiani miznisaTvis, erTiani damoukidebeli saqarTvelosaTvis brZolaSi gaverTiandeT. oRond yve-la Tavis saqmes unda Seudges. samuSaos daubrundes da mogvces saSualeba vifiqroT TiToeul ojaxze, yovel adamianze.

me vTqvi, rom winasamobilizacio mzadyofna saqarT-veloSi SenarCunebuli unda iqnes, – Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, – magram afxazeTSi moxaliseTa gagzavna axla saWiro ar aris. Cven madlobeli varT yve-lasi, vinc mxari dagviWira da iq gaemgzavra, magram axla isini unda daubrundnen TavianT saqmianobas. vimeoreb, samobilizacio mdgomareoba raionebSi aucileblad unda SevinarCunoT, am mxriv Tbiliselebma samagaliTod

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imuSaves. maT Tavis xelSi aiRes wesrigis dacvis proble-mebi da bevri ram saintereso gaakeTes kidec. amas imitom vambob, rom Cveni mowinaaRmdege ar isvenebs. yvarelSi yaCaRTa da banditTa jgufis izolirebam gviCvena, rom groznoSi myofi yofili prezidentis garemocvaSi namd-vili teroristebi mokalaTdnen. axla ukve laparaki Sei-Zleba imazec, – ganagrZo e. SevardnaZe, – rom teroris-tuli aqcia, romelic TbilisSi Ciqovanis quCaze moewyo da adamianTa sicocxle Seiwira, swored im garemocvaSi daigegma da amave garemocvam moawyo. gvaqvs monacemebi, rom aseTi jgufebi respublikis sxvadasxva raionSi ar-ian mokalaTebuli, isini kidev raRacisTvis emzadebian, amitom Cven fxizlad unda viyoT da winasamobilizacio ganwyobileba da mdgomareoba unda SevinarCunoT.

iseTi razmebi, rogoric yvarlis tyeSi iyo, dasav-leT saqarTvelos zogierT raionSic aris. kerZod, zug-didSi da sxvaganac am regionSi. me minda, maT mivmarTo da vuTxra: Tqven mTlianad SegexebaT yvelaferi, rac manifestSi vTqviT da gamovaqveyneT. ra Tqma unda, amaT garda, visac mkvleloba aqvs Cadenili, anda iseT ter-oristul aqtebSi monawileobda, romlebic msxverpliT damTavrda. Tqven darwmunebuli unda iyoT, rom mogce-mT xelSeuxeblobis garantias. Cven sulac ar gvinda, rom tyeSi imalebodeT, ojaxebs iyoT mowyvetili. ar gvinda, rom aucileblad sabrZolo operaciebis CatarebiT mox-des Tqveni izolireba da a.S. Tu saWiroa, Cven TiToeul TqvenTaganTan davdebT xelSeuxeblobis garantias, oRond ojaxebs daubrundiT, araviTari SezRudva ar geqnebaT! axla albaT ar iqneba saWiro calke manifesti gamovceT, magram Tu kidev raime dokumenturi dadas-tureba iqneba saWiro, Cven amisTvisac mzad varT.

amas imitom vambob, rom xelisuflebas ar ZaluZs im mdgomareobis SenarCuneba, rogoric axla zogierT raionSia, radgan mas SesaZloa axali didi garTuleba mohyves.

amitom ar gvinda axla sxva enaze gelaparakoT, mam-aSviluradac amitom mogmarTavT, rom dabrundeT ojax-

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ebSi, dabrundeT Tqvens soflebSi, qalaqebSi, Cven ki yovelnairad SegiwyobT xels, rom CaerToT cxovrebis Cveulebriv ritmSi da Tqveni adgili ipovoT Cvens sazo-gadoebaSi...

radiokomentatoris nato onianis kiTxvaze, Cava Tu ara cxinvalis regionSi gaeros faqtebis damdgeni komis-ia, batonma eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom roca ase-Ti komisia Camova da misi Camosvlis Tanxmoba ukve miRe-bulia generaluri mdivnisagan, savsebiT SesaZlebelia, rom Cveni TxovniT igi cxinvalis regionSic Cavides da afxazeTis paralelurad samaCablos sakiTxebSic Caixe-don, TavianTi miukerZoebeli obieqturi pozicia gamoam-JRavnon. amas didi mniSvneloba eqneba am regionis yvela problemis mogvarebisaTvis.

momaval arCevnebze saubrisas radiokomentatorma e. SevardnaZes sTxova azri gamoeTqva, rom uzenaesi sabWos postze, arCevnebze igi erTaderTi kandidati iqneba, radgan sxva kandidatura aravis wamouyenebia. simarTle giTxraT, mTlad aRfrTovanebuli ara var amiT, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – saarCevno kampanias Tavisi kanone-bi aqvs, es kanonebi maSin moqmedebs, roca konkurenciaa. konkurencia imas niSnavs, rom ufro naTlad gamoCndes simarTle, WeSmariteba da xalxs arCevanis saSuale-ba miecema, Tu visi platforma ufro misaRebia. amitom guldasawyvetia, Tuki konkurenti ar iqneba.

magram, rogorc unda iyos me mainc unda vuTxra Cvens amomrCevlebs, rom Cven yvelani, vinc politikur aspar-ezze vmoRvaweobT da maT Soris mec, arCeul gzas aRar gadavuxvevT, Cveni gza, romelmac bednierebamde unda migviyvanos, demokratiuli gza aris. da im faqtSi, rom qarTveli xalxi da saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi sxva xalxe-bi irCeven ara prezidents, aramed parlamentis Tavmj-domares, Zalian Rrma azria Cadebuli. es ar aris ubralo gadawyvetileba da masSi pirvel rigSi is igulisxmeba, rom saqarTvelom unda gaiaros saparlamento skola. da swored parlamenti unda iyos xelisuflebis umaRlesi organo, namdvili organo da ara formaluri.

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me mgoni, saintereso gziT mivdivarT. arCevnebze saqa-rTvelos bedi iqneba damokidebuli da igi aucileblad unda CavataroT. magram vis avirCevT, es xalxis saqmea da arCevanis saSualeba yvelas eqneba; Cven aravis ar vzRu-davT, arc erT politikur partias, arc erT moRvawes, vinc kanonier platformas sTavazobs qveyanas.

me ar minda, rom Cveni parlamenti erTferovani iyos da erT kacs, erT jgufs usmendes. Tu arCevnebi ar Cav-atareT Cven ver davwynardebiT, qveyana ar damSvidde-ba. Tuki arCevnebs CavatarebT da kanonier parlaments avirCevT, kanonieri xelisufleba gveyoleba, Zalian bevrs movigebT. Cven uaxloes TveebSi mivaRwevT imas, rom msoflios sxvadasxva qveynidan wamova investiciebis na-kadi.

axla amas elodeba mTeli sazRvargareTi: gavarTmevT Tavs am amocanas, Tu vera. Tu gavarTviT Tavi kidev ufro Semobrundeba Cvensken msoflio da Cvens ekonomikasac eSveleba da saerTod Cvens cxovrebasac. amitom vambob, rom arCevnebze didad iqneba damokidebuli saqarTvelos bedi, misi Tavisufleba da damoukidebloba!

avrcelebs­saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­sruli­safuZveli­gvaqvs­movTxovoT­yvel-as,­maT­Soris­afxazeTis­xelmZRvanelebsac,­rom­Seasrulon­moskov-Si­xelmowerili­xelSekruleba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­re-spublika.­–­1992.­–­8­seqtemberi.­–­N172(451).­–­1,2­gv.

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ganuxrelad Sesruldeba!

e. SevardnaZisa da b. elcinis moskovis deklaracia

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomare da ruseTis federaciis prezidenti acxade-ben, rom gadawyvetili aqvT ganuxrelad Seasrulon 1992 wlis 3 seqtembris moskovis Sexvedris Semajamebe-li dokumentis debulebebi da soWis 1992 wlis 24 ivniss maTi Sexvedris Sedegebis mixedviT miRebuli komunike, romelmac mkvidri safuZveli Cauyara saqarTvelosa da ruseTis urTierTobis ganmtkicebas.

saqarTvelos respublika da ruseTis federacia mt-kiced dauWeren mxars SeTanxmebul moqmedebas, romlis mizania kavkasiaSi konfliqtebis dauyovneblivi Sewyve-ta, mxolod da mxolod mSvidobiani saSualebebiT maTi politikuri mowesrigebis uzrunvelyofa. isini ganuxre-lad Seasruleben 1992 wlis 3 seqtembris moskovis Sexve-draze miRebuli Semajamebeli dokumentis debulebebs.

maT miaCniaT, rom kavkasiaSi stabilurobis, erovne-baTSorisi mSvidobisa da Tanxmobis miRwevas xels Seu-wyobs regularul konsultaciaTa meqanizmis, momaval-Si ki koleqtiuri uSiSroebisa da urTierTxelsayreli TanamSromlobis meqanizmis Seqmna. maTi mtkice rwmeniT aseTi institutis Seqmna mniSvnelovan wvlils Seitans saboloo aqtis, axali evropisaTvis qartiisa da 1992 wlis helsinkis dokumentis principebis praqtikul realizaciaSi, dokumentisa, romelmac daafuZna kon-fliqtebis Tavidan acilebisa da mowesrigebis da xalx-Ta da erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebis dacvis axali instituti da instrumentebi.

kvlav xazgasmiT aRniSnes ra, rom ucvlelad erTgu-loben sazRvrebisa da teritoriuli mTlianobis prin-cipebs, saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem da ruseTis federaciis prezidentma uy-oymanod gailaSqres politikuri eqstremizmis nebismi-er gamovlinebaTa winaaRmdeg, – iqneba es miswrafeba vin-

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mes ZaliT Tavs moaxvion gadawyvetilebani Tu imoqmedon uSiSroebisTvis damRupveli separatizmis sasargeblod.

am konteqstiT saqarTvelos mxare ganaxorcielebs RonisZiebebs ruseTTan sazRvrebis gansamtkiceblad, romelic, Tavis mxriv, analogiur zomebs miiRebs, saqa-rTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomares da ruseTis federaciis prezidents, mtkiced arian ra darwmunebu-li, rom ori mezobeli qveynis istoriuli urTierTka-vSirisaTvis axali, Tanamedroveobis moTxovnebis Ses-abamisi Sinaarsis miniWeba xels Seuwyobs demokratiis damkvidrebas saqarTvelosa da ruseTSi, mtkiced aqvT gadawyvetili imoqmedon ruseT-saqarTvelos stabi-luri, Tanasworuflebiani, megobruli urTierTo-bis ganmtkicebisaTvis. isini adastureben miswrafebas daaCqaron saqarTvelos respublikasa da ruseTis fed-eracias Soris yovlismomcveli saxelmwifoTaSorisi xe-lSekrulebis momzadeba, romlis farglebSi gadawydeba sasazRvro da sabaJo reJimebis sakiTxebic.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaree.­SevardnaZe.

ruseTis­federaciis­prezidentib.­elcini.

ganuxrelad­Sesruldeba!­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­8­seqtemberi.­–­N172(451).­–­1­gv.

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„es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania dRes“...

18 seqtembers Tbilisis kinos saxlSi muSaobas daiw-yebs saqarTvelos saxalxo frontTan arsebuli qurTuli kulturuli centris pirveli kongresi. masSi monawil-eobas miiReben rogorc am centris wevrebi, ise saqarTve-los mkvidri da sazRvargareT mcxovrebi qurTebi.

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmj-domarem batonma eduard SevardnaZem kongress gaugzav-na misasalmebeli werili, romelsac aq vaqveynebT.

guliTadad mivesalmebi qurTuli kulturis pirve-li kongresis monawileebs. es zeimia qurTi da qarTve-li xalxisa, saqarTvelos mTeli mosaxleobisa. es sasix-arulo da gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania dRes, roca saqarTveloSi, politikuri viTarebaa, roca cxinvalis regionSi sisxlisRvris Sewyvetas Seenacvla afxazeTis tragedia. miuxedavad amisa, qarTvelma xalxma, saxelm-wifo sabWom da mTavrobam gadawyvites, erTi wuTiTac ar Seanelon kulturis sicocxlisunarianoba. CvenTvis kultura sunTqvasaviT aucilebeli sasicocxlo proce-sia, igia puri Cveni arsobisa. am pirobebSi, roca kul-turisTvis saarsebo materialuri baza moiSala, axali sabazro ekonomikuri sistema ki jer ar gaaCnia, kultur-is arsebobas realuri safrTxe Seeqmna. amitom qarTuli kulturis mesveurTa iniciativiT, saxelmwifo sabWos mxardaWeriT, Seiqmna „qarTuli kulturis gadarCenis komiteti“, romlis Tavmjdomareoba me damekisra. aR-niSnuli komitetis saxeliT, gamoqveynebul werilSi xazgasmiTaa aRniSnuli, rom zrunva qarTul kulturaze imavdroulad gulisxmobs saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yve-la xalxis kulturaze zrunvas, maT Soris dasaxelebu-lia qurTuli kulturac.

me kmayofilebiT minda aRvniSno, rom qurTi xalxi saqarTveloSi Tavisi mravalsaukunovani arsebobis man-Zilze Wirsa da lxinSi yovelTvis qarTveli xalxis, saqa-

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rTveloSi mcxovrebi xalxebis gverdiT idga, yovelTvis gamoirCeoda Tavisi SromismoyvareobiTa da mSvidobiani xasiaTiT.

dRes saqarTvelo axal sinamdviles, msoflio stan-dartebis doneze miRebuli tipis saxelmwifos aSenebs. saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi mizanswrafvis ganxor-cieleba erTTavad bednierebis momtani iqneba saqarTve-loSi mcxovrebi yvela xalxisTvis.

qurTuli xelovnebis kulturis muSakebo, kidev erTxel mogesalmebiT da gisurvebT Tqveni kulturuli miswrafebebis, Cveni erTiani kulturuli miswrafebebis maRal sakacobrio interesTa doneze xorcSesxmas.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

„es­gansakuTrebiT­mniSvnelovania­dRes“...­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­seqtemberi.­–­N176–177(456).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: im nawilebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic ar daemorCilebian SeTanxmebis

moT xovnebs afxazeTSi, Zala iqneba gamoyenebuli...

1992 wlis 14 seqtembris radiointerviu

– amoqmedda saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris dadebu-li 8 seqtembris SeTanxmeba da daiwyo praqtikuli moq-medeba am dokumentis ZiriTadi debulebebis Sesasruleb-lad, – Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem, roca afxazeTSi gasuli kviris movlenebis analizi gaakeTa – radiokomentator nato onianTan in-tervius dros.

ori sxdoma soxumSi ukve Catarda da pirveli Sede-gebi ase Tu ise gamoCnda. Seiqmna sakontrolo komisiebi, specialuri sameTvalyureo punqtebi, miRweulia SeTanx-meba imis Taobaze, rom erTmaneTs daSordnen da pozicie-bi daTmon dapirispirebulma mxareebma. es muSaoba praq-tikulad daiwyo da saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis sardloba valdebulebebs asrulebs pirnaTlad. pirve-li nabijebi swored man gadadga.

mosagvarebelia zogierTi sxva organizaciuli sakiTxic, Sesaqmnelia erTiani prescentri, radgan mim-dinareobs „informaciuli omic“, vin ufro met Tavis sasargeblo informacias miawvdis sazogadoebas, rac faqtobrivad daZabulobis garda sxva arafers gvaZlevs. aris sxva sakiTxebic...

gaCnda pirveli siZneleebic. roca Cveni nawilebi ga-movidnen eSeridan, rogorc es SeTanxmebiT iyo gaTvalis-winebuli, iq umal gamoCndnen „boevikebi“, isini, vinc ar unda gamoCeniliyvnen da amas guSin mZime Sedegebi mohyva. mec da Cems kolegebsac kavSiri gvqonda ruseTidan Camo-sul komisiis wevrebTan da mivaRwieT imas, rom dReidan gamkacrdeba SeTanxmebaTa kontrolis mTeli sistema. yve-las unda axsovdes, rom soxumis Sexvedrebis dros miR-weul SeTanxmebebSi ukve gaTvaliswinebulia mniSvnelo-vani ram: is nawilebi, romlebic ar Seasruleben da ar

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daemorCilebian SeTanxmebis moTxovnebs, maTs winaaRmdeg Zala iqneba gamoyenebuli. me vfiqrob, es punqti dRes an xval amoqmeddeba da realizebuli iqneba.

me zemoT siZneleebi vaxsene. amasTan dakavSirebiT min-da giTxraT, rom yvelaferi ase advilad ar gadawydeba, – ganacxada eduard SevardnaZem, – winaaRmdegobebi al-baT momavalSic iqneba. saerTod, aseT mSvidobian gzas yovelTvis Tan sdevs isini da maT ar unda SevuSindeT, radgan es mainc ukeTesi gzaa, vidre dapirispirebis da sisxlisRvris gagrZeleba.

vimeoreb, Cven gavCerdiT iq, sadac unda SevCerebuli-yaviT. radgan vTvli, rom SeiaraRebuli komprontacia urTules Sedegebamde migviyvanda; da es Sedegebi ara marto qarTvelebisTvis iqneboda urTulesi, aramed afx-azebisTvisac.

xelSekruleba, romelsac xeli movawereT moskovSi, iseTi balansirebuli Sejamebuli da Sejerebuli do-kumentia, rom upasuxebs rogorc qarTveli, ise afxazi xalxebis interesebs. am dokumentiT aRiarebulia Cveni teritoriuli mTlianoba da Cveni uSiSroebis inter-esebsac upasuxebs. aseve upasuxebs igi afxazi xalxis in-teresebsac. amitom axla mTavaria, Sesruldes igi. ma-gram, vimeoreb, misi Sesrulebis procesi Zalian rTuli iqneba. CvenTvis mniSvnelovani aris is, rom uSiSroebis sabWom (unda iTqvas, rom pirvelad am rTuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi) gamoTqva Tavisi damokidebuleba im pro-cesebisadmi, romlebic axla saqarTveloSi da, kerZod afxazeTSi mimdinareobs. amasTan dakavSirebiT gaeros generaluri mdivnis moxsenebis Sesabamisad uSiSroebis sabWom miiRo specialuri dadgenileba, romelic presaSi gamoqveynda. me mimaCnia, rom es mniSvnelovani movlenaa saqarTvelosaTvis esoden rTul etapze. es faqtobrivad didi mxardaWeraa Cveni Zalisxmevisa da xels uwyobs msoflio sazogadoebrivi azris sworad formirebas, rac axla Cven haeriviT gvWirdeba. amitomac mimaCnia uSiSroebis sabWos gadawyvetileba saetapo movlenad.

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uSiSroebis sabWo miesalma Cvensa da ruseTs Soris molaparakebis Sedegebs da didi Sefasebac misca maT. 14 seqtembers TbilisSi Camodis gaeros delegacia; Camova generaluri mdivnis piradi warmomadgeneli, igi gaeros politikuri departamentis xelmZRvanelia da sakmaod cnobili moRvawe gaxlavT. mas pirveli Sexvedrebi ukve hqonda moskovSi. iyo Cvens warmomadgenlobaSic. Tbilis-Si mec Sevxvdebi mas; is Cava soxumSic, Sexvdeba yvelas, visTanac es aucilebelia.

Cven didad viyaviT dainteresebulni, rom gaeros warmomadgeneli aq Camosuliyo, da me davayene es sakiTxi. misasalmebelia, rom misi Camosvla ase swrafad moxda; es iSviaTi movlenaa da igi gaeros generaluri mdivnis baton butros galis piradi damsaxurebaa, romelmac moskovidan dabrunebisTanave sabWoSic moaxsena yve-laferi da warmomadgenlis gamogzavnac gadawyvita.

me mgoni aseve operatiulad gadawydeba TbilisSi gaeros warmomadgenlebis gaxsnis sakiTxi. ratom varT Cven dainteresebuli yovelive amiT? imitom, rom aras-worad gvdeben brals raRac agresiebSi da gvinda gaeros swori warmodgena hqondes yovelive imaze, rac moxda da rac axla xdeba. me minda davamtkico rom camde marTali varT, rom swor poziciaze videqiT da axlac swor pozi-ciaze vdgavarT.

Cven vicavT Cvens qveyanas, mis mTlianobas da erTia-nobas da vicavT, ra Tqma unda, Cveni xalxis ekonomikur interesebsac. me vfiqrob, gaeros delegacia amaSi obi-eqturad gaerkveva da Tavis sityvas ityvis iq, sadac jer ars.

axla gamwvavebuli brZola mimdinareobs sazogadoe-brivi azris formirebisaTvis, – ganagrZo batonma edu-ard SevardnaZem; – Tqven iciT, ra Zlieri arian ruseTSi reaqciuli Zalebi da is Zalebic, romlebic demokrati-is qurqSi arian gaxveulni. maT pirdapiri ideologiu-ri omi gaaCaRes saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg. magram, sabed-nierod, arian sxva Zalebic, romlebic cdiloben, rom

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yvelaferi es obiqturad aisaxos. ar gamovricxav, rom sesiaze, romelic am Tvis meore naxevarSi unda gaimar-Tos moskovSi, albaT iqneba seriozuli gamolaSqreba Cveni erovnuli interesebis winaaRmdeg. ra Tqma unda, Cvenc unda vibrZoloT imisaTvis, rom Cvens megobrebs moskovSi, sankt-peterburgSi da sxva qalaqebSic saTana-do argumentebiT Tu saTanado SefasebebiT davexmaroT da mivceT saSualeba, swori warmodgena hqondeT afxaz-eTSi da saerTod saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebze. Cven yvela zoma unda vixmaroT imisaTvis, rom sazogadoe-brivi azri saerTaSoriso masStabiTac iseTnairad vi-Tardebodes, rom xels uwyobdes saqarTveloSi, kerZod afxazeTSi pozitiuri procesebis ganviTarebas. amasTa-nave zogierTi ram ukve gvaqvs mofiqrebuli, am bolo xans sazRvargareT gaigzavna delegaciebi, maT Soris ga-movyofdi respublikis premier-ministris baton Tengiz siguas gamgzavrebas dasavleTSi, sadac igi monawileo-bas miiRebs evroparlamentis muSaobaSi. batoni Tengizi sityviT gamova iq da mimaCnia, rom evroparlamentSi Cve-ni mTavrobis meTauris gamosvlas saTanado rezonansi eqneba evropaSi.

Cven am uaxloes xanebSi unda gadavwyvitoT, Tu ro-dis da ra doneze miiRebs monawileobas saqarTvelos delegacia gaerTianebuli erebis generaluri asambleis muSaobaSi. es, Cemi azriT, umniSvnelovanesi movlenaa da faqtobrivad pirveli maRali donis gamosvla iqneba gen-eraluri asambleis sxdomaze. Cveni gamosvla 25 seqtem-brisaTvis aris dagegmili. seqtembris am bolo ricxveb-Si aq Tavs iyrian im saxelmwifoTa meTaurebi, romlebic gzavnian aq am donis delegaciebs... ar gamovricxav, rom SesaZlebelia me vuxelmZRvanelo saqarTvelos delega-cias, oRond yvelaferi damokidebuli iqneba imaze, Tu rogor ganviTardeba movlenebi Cvens qveyanaSi.

Tu gaerTianebuli erebis generaluri asambleis sx-domaze saqarTvelos respublikis xelmZRvaneli gamovi-da, me ar gamovricxav, rom es iqneba Semobrunebis momenti msoflios sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyalibebis saqmeSi.

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Seexo ra samegreloSi arsebul problemebs, saxel-mwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem aRniSna, rom samegrelos mimarT Zalian bevri Secdoma iyo daSvebuli, magram es aravis brali ar aris, radgan Cven ara varT axla ise Cam-oyalibebuli qveyana, sadac yoveli gadawyvetileba as-jer aris gazomili da isea gadaWrili. samegreloSi Sei-araRebuli Zalebis oTxjer Sesvlam mainc ver Seasrula ZiriTadi amocana. ver moxerxda banditur formirebaTa izolireba. isic unda vaRiaroT, – Tqva batonma eduard SevardnaZem, – rom calkeul amgvar RonisZiebebs mohyva Zalian mZime Sedegebi, mosaxleobis garkveuli nawilis darbeva, mkvlelobebi. saerTod ki aravin uaryofs, rom RonisZiebebis mizani keTilSobiluri iyo – wesrigi dam-yarebuliyo da patiosan mSromel xalxs normalurad ecxovra.

samwuxarod, mas Semdeg, rac iqidan jarebi gamoviy-vaneT Cveni imedi ar gamarTlda da adgilobrivma mmarTv-elobam ver gaarTva Tavi iqaur amocanebs. gansakuTrebiT rTuli mdgomareobaa zugdidsa da walenjixaSi. me vici, rom Zalian gawamebuli da datanjulia iqauri xalxi, radgan aRar darCa iseTi Zala, romelic marTali mSrome-li kacis interesebs daicavs.

samegrelo axla did ekonomikur gaWirvebas ganicdis. Cven iq produqtebis Setanasac veRar vaxerxebT. magis-tralebs SeiaraRebuli razmebi akontroleben, iq Sesvla ukve did riskTan aris dakavSirebuli. iqaur raionebSi axla fqvilic ara aqvT. iyo cota Savi purisTvis SemorCe-nili da isic gaTavda. zogierT sofelSi praqtikulad SimSiloba daiwyo. xalxi fulsac veRar Rebulobs. mag-aliTad, Cxorowyus raionSi Cven Cais mkrefavebs 40-50 milioni maneTi unda davurigoT, zogierTi SarSandeli angariSic gasasworebeli gvaqvs, magram fulis iq Setana TiTqmis SeuZlebelia.

amitom, me mgoni, iseTi dro dadga, roca am regionis mSromeli xalxi, yvela keTili nebis adamiani, raionebis xelmZRvanelebi da Cven – qveynis xelmZRvanelebi unda gaverTiandeT, raTa rogorme ganvmuxtoT daZabuloba

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samegreloSi. axla xalxi amisTvis momzadebulia. Cemi informaciiT, im SeiaraRebul razmebSic bevria iseTi vinc ukve daiRala. mobezrda yvelaferi es da mzad aris dadges xalxis gverdiT, Sromas mihyos xeli da sazoga-doebrivi wesrigis dacvaSic daexmaros adgilobirv xe-lmZRvanelobasac da mTavrobasac. amas winaT radioga-mosvlaSi vTqvi da axla kvlav vimeoreb mowodebas, rom unda davaneboT Tavi aseT moqmedebas da, Tu Tqvens kuTx-eze, saqarTveloze guli SegtkivaT, maSin, xval, zeg, uax-loes dReebSi iq unda dadgeT, sadac xalxis interesebi moiTxovs! imaT ki, vinc amas ugulebelyofs da ararad agdebs Tavisi kuTxis da saerTod qveynis interesebs, min-da vuTxra, rom axla ara varT uZluri xelisufleba, rom wesrigi ver davamyaroT am regionSi (didad samwuxaroa, amas rom vambob).

Cven bevrjer vyofilvarT iseTi gansacdelis wi-naSe, rogorc axlaa da TandaTan vrwmundebi, rom Cven saqme gvqonda SeTqmulebasTan saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg, Zalian seriozul SeTqmulebasTan, romelic arc ise mcire masStabisaa. es ukve dasturdeba. am SeTqmulebis centri, mogaxsenebT groznoSia da ara imitom, rom iq yo-fili prezidentia, ara, iq sxva Zalebic aris da mova dro, yvelaferi es gamomzeurdeba.

es marto Cemi mosazreba ar gaxlavT. me maqvs sxva wyaroebis informaciac. grozno ar aris marto, iq cen-tria, magram raki centri arsebobs, cxadia, sxva Zalebic arian da arseboben. magram Cveni jarebis gadaadgilebam, dislokaciis adgilis Secvlam da afxazeTSi zogier-Ti RonisZiebis gatarebam ai, swored am Zalebis gegmebi CaSala. me meqneba momavalSi saSualeba ufro detalu-rad avxsna yvelaferi, rac moxda. ase rom, rkinigzebis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli RonisZieba rom ara, maSin saqa-rTvelo didi masStabis agresiuli moqmedebis obieq-tad iqceoda; Cveni mtrebi, romlebic amas gegmavdnen, ar elodnen Cvens am moqmedebas. axla Zalian mniSvnelovnad amoqmedda ruseTis faqtori da bevri is Zala, romlebsac boroti zraxvebi hqondaT, neitralizebulia.

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radiokomentatoris SekiTxvaze, Tu ra RonisZie-bebs miiRebs xelisufleba saqarTveloSi teroristu-li aqciebis aRsakveTad, batonma eduard SevardnaZem Tqva: teroristTa gegmebs, romlebic maT aqvT dasaxu-li, marTlac SeiZleba mohyves umZimesi Sedegebi, magram mimaCnia, rom yvelafris Tavidan acileba SesaZlebelia, Tu ki (cota uxerxuli, magram mainc unda vTqva) doylap-iobas ar gamoviCenT. amisaTvis arian saTanado Zalebi, oRond mobilizeba gvWirdeba, rogorc es Tbiliselebma gaakeTes, da me mgoni, yvelaferi mogvardeba. Cven axla afxazeTSi moxaliseebi gvWirdeba – ganagrZo batonma eduard SevardnaZem, yvelam Tavis qalaqs unda mixedos da mouaros. me ukve mivmarTe da axlac mivmarTav Cvens axalgazrdobas, rom afxazeTSi gamgzavreba da razmebis Seqmna ar aris saWiro. minda, Cvens studentobasac vTx-ovo, daexmaron qalaqebis, raionebis xelmZRvanelebs, da teroristebi veRar aRasruleben TavianT Canafiqrs. ar aris dasamali, rom arsebobs groznoSi Sedgenili gegma, romelic saxelmwifo sabWos Senobis afeTqebas da iq mo-muSave xalxis ganadgurebasac iTvaliswinebda. magram me vfiqrob, veravin eRirseba am gegmis, iseve rogorc sxva gegmebis Sesrulebas. ase rom, yvelafris CaSla SeiZleba.

Semdeg saubari Seexo erTiani kavkasiuri saxlis mSeneblobis ideas, romelzec axla laparakoben. es idea, – aRniSna batonma eduard SevardnaZem, – TavisTavad keTilSobiluri idea gaxlavT. magram am pirobebSi, rodesac qveyana Tu saxelmwifoebrivi warmonaqmni, ro-goric aris, magaliTad, CeCneTi, saomrad, sisxlis Rvri-saTvis da ZarcvisaTvis sxva qveyanaSi gzavnis Tavis war-momadgenlebs da meores mxriv raRac erTiani kavkasiuri saxlis aSenebis winadadebas ayenebs, es ukve politikuri avantiuraa. igi arc demagogiaa da arc populizmi, sul sxva ram aris, amitom ar SeiZleba dRes am ideaze lapara-ki. me mgoni, realurad unda ifiqroT imaze, razec me da batoni elcini SevTanxmdiT, rom aucilebelia namdvili konsultaciebi, Tu momavalSi rogor unda vicxovroT am-ierkavkasiaSi da saerTod kavkasiaSi. es konsultaciebi

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unda iyos ruseTis monawileobiT, yvela im respublike-bisa da avtonimiur formirebebis monawileobiT, romel-Ta meTaurebi moskovis molaparakebaze iyvnen, – azerbai-janis, somxeTis monawileobiT da a.S. am konsultaciebze unda mivideT im daskvnamde, Tu ras vaSenebT, kavkasiur saxls, kavkasiur cixe-simagres, Tu sxva raimes.

me bevrjer mqonda raRac ideis Tu winadadebebis wamoyenebis survili, – ganagrZo saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomarem, – magram yovelTvis Tavs vikavebdi, radgan mimaCnia, rom kavkasia amJamad ar aris mzad imisaTvis, rom raime erTi modeli SesTavazon, amitom frTxili da windaxeduli midgoma, gazomva da gaangariSebaa saWiro Tu risTvis varT dRes mzad Cven da risTvis arian mzad Cveni mezoblebi aqac da CrdiloeTSic.

ai, aseTi konsultaciebis momxre var am etapze. mere ki SesaZloa mivalT raime daskvnamde. rac Seexe-ba religiur motivs, unda giTxraT, rom saqarTveloSi arasdros yofila religiuri fanatizmi, saqarTvelo erT-erTi iseTi qveyanaa, sadac religiaTa Tanaarsebo-bis didi gamocdilebac dagrovda da tradiciac. cxadia, Seurigeblobis an organuli SeuTanxmeblobis proble-ma arc ki meguleba, amitom safuZveli ara aqvs calkeul eqsperimentTa cdebs afxazeTSi, roca religiuri momen-tiT spekulacias ewevian. im xalxis centri, visac am gziT surs daZabos da gaamwvaos situacia, CvenTan ar aris, groznoSia, da sxvaTaSoris sxvaganac aris (me ar minda exla es davasaxelo). isini imas cdiloben, rom islamis qurqSi faSizmi, namdvili faSizmi damalon da Tavisi eqspansiuri gegmebi ise ganaxorcielon, magram vimeoreb, am gegmebs Sesruleba ar uweria.

Cven axla kursi imisken gvaqvs aRebuli, – Tqva dasas-rul batonma eduard SevardnaZem, – rom saparlamento respublikad CamovyalibdeT, arCevnebi CavataroT, es aucilebelia. Cemi saarCevno kampania ar iqneba xmauri-ani, me minda igi Cveulebrivi iyos, aJiotaJis gareSe. Tvis bolos albaT Cemi programis proeqti mzad meqneba, Cems Sexedulebebs Cems xalxs warvudgen da gavacnob. vi-

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meoreb, arCevnebi wyvets Cvens beds, Tu mas CavatarebT, viarsebebT, Tu ara da, gagviWirdeba. iqneba kanonieri xelisufleba, iqneba wesrigi da iqneba kargi cxovrebac!

saqarTvelos­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ im­ nawilebis­ winaaRmdeg,­ romlebic­ ar­ dae-morCilebian­SeTanxmebis­moTxovnebs­afxazeTSi,­Zala­iqneba­gamoy-enebuli...­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­seqtemberi.­–­N178(457).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: arCevnebzea axla damo ki debuli Cveni xalxisa da Cveni qveynis bedi

1992 wlis 21 seqtembris radiointerviu

CvenTvis dRes erT-erTi umTavresi problema da um-Tavresi amocanaa arCevnebis Catareba, – Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem Tavis radioint-erviuSi 1992 wlis 21 seqtembers, roca tradiciulad gan-vlili kviris movlenebi gaaanaliza.

saarCevno samzadisi gadamwyvet fazaSi Sevida. dadga is dro, rodesac TiToeulma Cvenganma unda gansazRvros Ta-visi pozicia. sasiamovnoa imis aRiarebac, rom Cveni sazo-gadoebriobis ZiriTadi nawili ganwyobilia arCevnebis sasargeblod. magram unda CamovyalibdeT im mxrivac, Tu rogori parlamenti gvsurs, rogori iqneba misi Semadgen-loba, vis vendobiT, vis vaZlevT xmas. cota rTuli gasarkve-via, imdenad mravalferovania speqtri warmodgenili kan-didatebisa. aseve mravalferovania politikur ZalTa warmomadgenlobac. miuxedavad amisa, darwmunebuli var, rom Cveni qveynis moqalaqeni gaerkvevian am viTarebaSi da gaakeTeben Rirseul arCevans. aseT rTul, daZabulobisa da SfoTianobis pirobebSi arCevnebi Rirseulad rom Cava-taroT, raTa, bolos da bolos, saqme gvqondes legitimur xelisuflebasTan. amas moqalaqeobrivi gmiroba sWirdeba, namdvili Tavdadeba Cveni moqalaqeebisa. isic unda vTqvaT, rom, albaT, bevri saxelmwifo aseT pirobebSi arCevnebs ver gamarTavda. arCevnebze axla Cveni xalxis da Cveni qveynis be-dia damokidebuli. axla ufro metad mjera, rom CavatarebT arCevnebs. SeiZleba iyos ramdenime raioni, sadac arCevne-bi gaWirdeba, im raionebSi, sadac ase Tu ise negatiurad aris mosaxleobis nawili ganwyobili, vfiqrob, kidev aris dro moifiqron da bolos da bolos gansazRvron TavianTi damokidebuleba am didi politikuri movlenisadmi.

rac ufro vuaxlovdebiT arCevnebis TariRs, miT ufro metia imedi da rwmena, rom Cven SevZlebT es didi politi-kuri kampania CavataroT. magram Tu arCevnebi ar gaimarTa,

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es iqneba ubedureba Cveni xalxisaTvis. Tu Cven ver SevZlebT kanonier, xalxis mier arCeul xelisuflebasTan gvqondes saqme, mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb, rom me araferi mesaqmeba maSin da Cemi principebisTvis miuRebelia is, rom Seveguo qveyanaSi sruli qaosis gamofenas, anda diqtator-uli reJimis damyarebas.

arCevnebis Catareba dRes didi erovnuli saqmea. me mar-to qarTveloba ara myavs mxedvelobaSi. am saqmeSi sisxlx-orceulad unda iyos dainteresebuli Cveni qveynis rusi mosaxleobac, somexi, azerbaijaneli, afxazi, osi, berZeni, qurTi, ebraeloba, romlebic saukuneebis manZilze CvenTan cxovroben.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom Cven erTi wu-TiTac ar unda dagvaviwydes is urTulesi pirobebi romleb-Sic uxdebaT cxovreba da arseboba Cvens xalxs. mxedveloba-Si myavs ZiriTadi masa, viTareba kidev ufro garTuldeba, Tu arCevnebi ar gaimarTa. me qeds vixri Cveni xalxis nebisy-ofis, moTminebis, sulgrZelobis winaSe. xandaxan makvirvebs kidevac es, magram imdenad didia survili avaSenoT Cveni sa-kuTari, damoukidebeli, demokratiuli qveyana, adamianebi iTmenen mouTmenels.

me vici, bevri ojaxi SimSilobs da sazrdos mopovebis problebis winaSe dgas, am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT. am-itomac aucilebelia gadavdgaT iseTi nabiji, rom SevqmnaT politikuri stabilurobis pirobebi da mogveces saSuale-ba vifiqroT, vimuSaoT, da vizrunoT adamianebze.

unda giTxraT, rom dRevandeli xelisufleba, Cemi CaT-vliT da saxelmwifos sabWos CaTvliT, saministroebi, uw-yebebi da sxvebi, es Zalian amorfuli xelisuflebaa dRes. saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumis sxdomaze ganvixileT ben-ziniT momaragebis sakiTxi, da aRuSfoTeblad ver ilapa-rakebs kaci am sferoSi arsebul mdgomareobaze, puris gamocxobaSi aris Seqmnili siZneleebi. danagvianebulia qalaqis calkeuli quCebi, ara marto TbilisSi, aramed, saerTod yvelgan da, rodesac dainaxav raSia saqme, darw-mundebi, rom bevri imaTgani, vinc dRes ase Tu ise xelisu-flebas warmoadgens, gadaeCvia adamianebze zrunvas. amito-

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mac aris aucilebeli kanonieri, Zlieri xelisufleba, rom am urTules da uZneles sakiTxebs movuaroT da gadavwyvi-toT. bolo xans zogierTi nabiji gadavdgiT, magaliTad, ga-davwyviteT, miuxedavad imisa, rom gviWirs, 30%-iT gavzard-oT xelfasebi 1 oqtombridan. analogiuri gadawyvetileba 5-6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi orjer miviReT. bevri problema movuxseniT pensionerebs. zogi ram gavakeTeT studentebi-sTvis stipendiis momatebis TvalsazrisiT. viyenebT ra saz-RvargareTis humanitarul daxmarebas, bevri ram gavakeTeT mcirewlovanTaTvis – es exla 6 Tvemde bavSvebs – Seiqmna is pirobebi, rom isini garantirebuli iyvnen normaluri kve-biT. axla sxva asakis bavSvebisTvisac vzrunavT, raTa wlis bolomde mivaRwioT imas, rom Cvenma bavSvebma miiRon maTi sicocxlisaTvis saWiro norma. magram es mxolod wveTia zRvaSi. kidev da kidev vubrundebi: Tu gvinda gavaZlieroT socialuri sfero, unda daviwyoT politikiT. politikaze laparaki ki SeuZlia mxolod xalxis mier arCeul kanonier xelisuflebas.

gasuli kviris manZilze afxazeTSi pozitiuri movlene-bi iyo. gaeros generaluri mdivnis piradi warmomadgenlo-bis Camosvla saqarTveloSi Zalze kargi saqmea. maT miecaT saSualeba emuSavaT yvela mxaresTan – TbilisSic, soxumSic, da unda giTxraT, rom saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelobasa da ai, am delegaciis Sexedulebebs Soris raime gansxvaveba ar yo-fila. maT daadastures im rezoluciis Sinaarsi, romelic miiRes am ori kviris winaT uSiSroebis sabWoSi da erTxel kidev gausves xazi SeTanxmebis mniSvnelobas. maTi azriT, ai, am SeTanxmebis farglebSi unda moxdes konfliqtis mSvido-biani gadawyveta. vfiqrob, rom saTanado moxsenebis Semdeg gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis delegacia kvlav es-tumreba saqarTvelos, aqtiurad dagvexmarebian konfliq-tis mogvarebaSi. yvelaze samwuxaro, rac gasul kviraSi moxda, is iyo, rom sakontrolo komisiis gadawyvetile-ba 15 seqtembramde cecxlis Sewyvetis Taobaze, afxazeTis teritoriidan daqiravebuli „boevikebis“ gayvanis Sesax-eb ar moxda. maTi moqmedeba intervenciis msgavsi movlenaa saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg. es moTxovnebi ar Sesrulda imis

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gamo, rom komisia ver muSaobs efeqtianad. me ukve vTqvi, rom roca soWidan uyureb ra xdeba, ase saqme ver gamova. ufro aqtiurad unda imuSaon soxumSic, gudauTaSic, ufro mkacri kontroli unda dauwesdes cecxlis Sewyvetas, Sei-araRebuli formirebebis gadajgufebas. CrdiloeT ka-vkasiis boevikebis gayvana an gandevna saqarTvelodan did problemad ar mimaCnia, Tu ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris urTierTobaSi ar gaCndeba raime bzari. da Tu Cven, orive mxare, viqnebiT im platformaze, romelic Camoyalibda 3 se-qtembers moskovSi.

ai, aseTi mosazrebebi gamoTqva batonma Tengiz kitovan-ma, roca is soWSi Sexvda ruseTis Tavdacvis ministrs gra-Covs. Cemi azriT, maT Soris am sakiTxebSi urTierTgageba Camoyalibda. es kvira gvaCvenebs, Tu ramdenad mkvidri da ramdenad saimedoa es urTierTgageba.

soxumSi Cemi Casvlis erT-erTi mizani isic iyo, rom iqneb batoni arZinba da misi zogierTi kolega Camosuliyo soxumSi. samwuxarod, ase ar moxda. jerjerobiT afxazeTis im xelmZRvanelobis pozicia, romelic axla gudauTaSia, konfliqtis mSvidobiani mogvarebis imeds ar iZleva. isi-ni moeqcnen im naWuWSi, saidanac ar Cans, ra xdeba gareT, ra xdeba TviT saqarTveloSi, sxva qveynebSi. saerTo ganwyo-bileba ki iseTia, rac SeiZleba male da mSvidobianad unda damTavrdes konfliqti. vfiqrob, rom Tu maT pozicia ar Secvales, romelSic isini aRmoCndnen Caketilebi, maSin Sei-Zleba viTareba Zalian garTuldes TviT gudauTisTvisac da sxva raionebisTvisac (iq imdeni Zalebia axla Tavmoyrili). me mainc minda gamovTqva imedi, rom Tu batoni arZinba ara, sxvebi gaerkvevian da gadawyvetilebas miiReben. Sexvedre-bi soxumSi imedis momcemi iyo. SesaniSnavi iyo erTi Sexve-dra afxazeTis inteligenciis da ara marto inteligenciis warmomadgenlebTan. es iyo Sexvedra realurad moazrovne politikosebTan, romlebsac sworad esmiT dRevandeli mo-mentis sirTule da aseve sworad warmoudgeniaT misi mogva-rebis, mowesrigebis gzebi.

ar damaviwydeba Sexvedra qarTuli sazogadoebriobis warmomadgenlebTan. es Zalian mravalricxovani audito-

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ria iyo, Tbili adamianuri da amave dros saqmiani Sexvedra. Cvenze Zalian didi STabeWdileba datova samxedroebTan urTierTobam. me ukve vTqvi saxelmwifo sabWoze, rom gamoi-kveTa saintereso jgufi axalgazrdebisa – gia yaryaraSvi-lis, polkovnik lobJaniZisa da sxvaTa da sxvaTa saxiT, rom-lebsac meTaurTa korpuss vuwodebT. saqarTvelos marTlac ezrdeba mxedarTmTavrebi.

Seexo ra afxazeTis ambebs, Tavis gamosvlaSi baton-ma eduard SevardnaZem Tqva: gasuli kviris movlenebidan kidev erT detals mivaqcevdi yuradRebas. es iyo Cveni kon-taqti natos delegaciasTan, romelic meored Camovida saqarTveloSi. SevTanxmdiT, rom Cvens interesebs warmoad-gens briuselSi germaniis saelCo, xolo natos interesebs saqarTveloSi – germaniis saelCo. migvaCnia, rom es aris Zalian swori da sasargeblo. amaze aranakleb did mniSvne-lobas vaniWeb germaniis doiCe-bankis delegaciis Camosvlas saqarTveloSi, romelsac me Sevxvdi. Semdeg batonma Tengiz siguam imogzaura evropaSi, gamovida Zalian saintereso sityviT evroparlamentSi. Sexvedra hqonda doiCe-bankis xe-lmZRvanelobasTan.

miRweulia saboloo SeTanxmeba, – Tqva dasasrul ba-tonma eduard SevardnaZem, – rom doiCe-banki saqarTveloSi gaxsnis Tavis warmomadgenlobas, Tavis filials, romelic moemsaxureba ara marto amierkavkasias, aramed zogierT mimdebare qveyanasac, sadac maT TavianTi warmomadgenlebi ara hyavT. erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi es banki budes CvenTan daidebs.

saqarTvelos­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ arCevnebzea­ axla­damokidebuli­ Cveni­ xalxi-sa­da­Cveni­qveynis­bedi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­saqarTvelos­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­seqtem-beri.­–­N187–188(467).­–­1­gv.

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me aq Camovedi, raTa saqarTvelosTvis ar damekarga dResdReobiT erTaderTi Sansi –

memcno msofliosTvis Cemi qveynis imedebi da zraxvani, meTqva simarTle da uarmeyo sicrue

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav-mjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis gamosvla gaeros

generaluri asambleis 47-e sesiaze

1992 wlis 25 seqtemberi q. niu-iorki

pativcemulo batono Tavmjdomarev, pativcemulo batono generaluro mdivano, batonebo!am tribunidan piradulze ar laparakoben xolme,

magram vfiqrob, Cemi mdgomareoba maZlevs uflebas ga-davuxvio am wess.

zustad 2 wlis winaT, aq gamosvla rom davamTavre, rogorc maSin megona, am tribunidan ukanasknelad Cam-ovedi. diax, me vicodi, rom unda dametovebina sabWoTa kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa ministris posti, iseve rogorc vicodi rom mis cxovrebaSi axlovdeboda Jami mrisxane cvlilebebisa.

axla, sanam aq movidodi, kvlav gadavikiTxe is sityva. ideebi, romlebmac STamagones maSindeli gamosvla, dRe-sac ar Seryeula Cems TvalSi. am ideebma gamakeTebines prognozi, romelsac dRevandeli dRe adasturebs.

me maSin vambobdi, rom sabWoTa kavSiris xalxebi gamo-dian politikur asparezze da ibruneben TavianT odin-del erovnul saxelebs.

dRes am darbazSi Cven vxedavT am saxelebs axal da-moukidebel saxelmwifoTa delegaciebis adgilebze, ro-melTa Soris aris Cemi samSoblo – saqarTveloc.

yvela es qveyana, da maT Soris Cemi samSobloc, daucveli aRmoCnda umowyalod azvirTebuli ekonomiku-ri krizisis talRis winaSe, da esec iTqva msoflio gaer-Tianebisadmi mowodebaSi, iTqva, rom unda Segveqmna saer-

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TaSoriso meqanizmi romelic Searbilebda am azvirTebis negatiur Sedegebs.

maSin vambobdi, rom „civi omis“ damTavrebis Semdeg msoflio politikis scenaze gamodian axali avbediTi figurebi. vambobdi, rom demokratiis gzaze dadgomis cdebis CaSla warmoSobs qaoss da axal diqtatorul re-Jimebs. axali SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis warmoSobis, mZevalTa masobrivi ayvanis, terorizmis gavrcelebis sa-frTxis prognozidan gamomdinareobda daskvna, rom unda Segveqmna gaeros egidiT moqmedi usafrTxoebis regionu-li struqturebi.

ukve maSin, ori wlis winaT, mwvaved igrZnoboda moTx-ovnileba doqtrinad gaecnobierebina Tanamedrove sam-yaros axali realobani, gadagvesinja saxelmwifoTaSo-ris da Sida saxelmwifoebriv sferoebSi urTierTobaTa Zveli principebi da SegvemuSavebina axali, perspeqti-uli mimarTulebani.

me maSin vambobdi amas rogorc dedamiwis meeqvsedze gadaWimuli saxelmwifos sagareo saqmeTa ministri.

axla igives vambob rogorc winandel sidideebTan Se-darebiT ganuzomlad mcire qveynis warmomadgeneli.

magram masStabTa mkveTri cvlileba rodi amcirebs problemaTa masStabs. dedamiwis patara nawilaki ro-melsac saxelad hqvia saqarTvelo, is saqarTvelo, isto-riam geopolitikur jvars rom acva, saswaulebrivad gaxda yvela im ubedurebisa da winaaRmdegobis Sesafari, romlebic imperiam Caimkvidra Tavis genetikur kodSi, romlebsac niadag iwvevda provokaciulad da romlebic axlac ki, misi daRupvis Semdeg gvazanzarebs. yovelive is, rasac me vfiqrobdi da vambobdi, rac ganmiWvretia da miwinaswarmetyvelebia, – axda saqarTvelos sve-bedSi. da saamisod sulac ar iyo saWiro gulTmisnoba – saamisod sakmarisi iyo gcodnoda, ra sistemasTan gaqvs saqme. iwi-naswarmetyvelo myofadis mniSvnelovani movlenebi, uTq-vams erT did moazrovnes, warsulis gamocnobaze ufro rTuli amocana ar aris. Tu gardasuli movlenebi raRac

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kvals tovebs, maSin, bunebrivia, vivaraudoT, rom moma-val movlenebsac qonia fesvi.

sistema ganwiruli iyo. 1991 wlis agvistoSi Seecad-nen, gadaerCinaT igi am sistemisTvisve Cveuli meTodebiT – faruli pirSekvriT, kanonis fexqveS gaTelviT, Zalis gamoyenebiT.

me araerTgzis miTqvams rom SesaZlebelia gadatri-aleba da totalitaruli revanSi. am gafrTxilebidan daskvnebi rom gamogvetana, maSin Cven saqme gveqneboda ara veeberTela qveynis qaosur rRvevasTan, aramed Se-darebiT umtkinveulo da marTvad procesTan – axlebur mdgomareobaze gadasvlasTan. agoniis Tavbrudamxvevi mimdinareoba, rRvevis tempi msoflio gaerTianebisTvis moulodneli gamodga. igi anazdad daatyda Tavs da axla yvelani vxedavT rogor gaCnda gaSiSvlebul fesvebze Zaladobisa da katastrofebis axali nabartyi.

saqarTvelos magaliTi niSandoblivia.aq mimdinareobs Rrma socialur-sameurneo krizisi.

aq imperiis msxvrevas Tan sdevda diqtatoruli reJimis warmoSoba; aq provokaciulad aris gamowveuli ramden-ime Sinakonfliqti, separatizmi patara qveyanas uqadis safrTxes – dafliTos da juja saxelmwifoebad daanaw-evros misi istoriuli teritoria. aq diversiis, teror-is, masobrivi mZevlianobis sufevaa.

da, bolos, aq, rogorc arsad, gansakuTrebiT didia safrTxe, rom arsebuli Sina konfliqtebi Seerwyas me-zobel saxelmwifoTa konfliqtebs, gadaizardos regio-nul, xolo Semdeg – kontinentur omebamdec erovnebaT-Soris da sarwmunoebriv niadagze.

SegaxsenebT, rom sxva qveynebis msgavsad, saqarTve-loc samxedro Zalis gamoyenebiT iyo moqceuli kavSir-Si. am Zalis sulis Camdgmels ki warmoadgenda ideolo-gia, romelic klasobriv brZolas msxverplad swiravda sakacobrio Rirebulebebsa da erovnul miznebs. am ide-ologiis suliskveTebiT gaufasurebuli iyo istori-ulad damkvidrebuli sazRvrebisa da teritoriebis

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mTlianoba. xdeboda maTi gadakeTeba da gadanawileba „proletaruli internacionalizmis“ orientirebiT, yalibdeboda iseTi saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri da administraciul-teritoriuli struqtura, romelSic moqceuli iyo respublikebs SigniT da respublikebs So-ris ukmayofilebis, mdrtvinavi mtrobis, potenciuri dapirispirebis Canasaxi.

Cvens momavals jer kidev rodis udebdnen dayovnebu-li moqmedebis bombebs. sanam ideologiisa da represi-uli iZulebis Zalaufleba am nairgvar erTobas aduReb-da – bombebi sdumdnen. magram rogorc ki es Zalaufleba aRikveTa – maT ifeTqes.

dRes udidesi siZlieris afeTqebis talRa angrevs mTel saxelmwifoebs.

es emuqreba saqarTvelosac. saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobisaTvis brZolis is-

toria mraval saukunes iTvlis. es brZola mravali sa-ukunis manZilze mimdinareobda TavisTavadi erovnuli kulturis Camoyalibebis, sarwmunoebisa da enis dacvis erTiani kalapotiT. Cveni welTaRricxvis 337 wels qristi-anobam, rogorc saxelmwifo religiam, daloca saerTa-Soriso sazRvrebSi gasaerTianeblad SemarTuli qveyana.

Cvenamde moRweuli literaturuli Zegli – mexuTe saukuniT daTariRebuli wmindanis cxovreba – Zaladobis gmobisa da Tavisuflebis idealis erTgulebis mowode-bad JRers.

XI-XII saukuneebis damdegs, winaaziis mZlavr saxel-mwifod qceuli saqarTvelo erovnuli kulturis cen-trebs qmnis Tavisi sazRvrebis farglebs gareTac – pal-estinasa da saberZneTSi.

istoriuli bedukuRmarToba saqarTvelos arTmevs saxelmwifoebriobas. pirvelad – rodesac saqarTvelo ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi iqna Seyvanili, da meored – 1921 wels, rodesac demokratiul respublikad gamocxadebul saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli intervencia daatexa bolSevizmma da ZaliT amoayofina Tavi unita-rul saxelmwifoSi.

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dRes igi kvlav aris damoukidebeli, magram es susti da umweo damoukideblobaa. Zalze Wirs axali saxelmwi-foebriobis mSenebloba samoqalaqo omisa da qveynis gax-leCis gamudmebuli safrTxis pirobebSi.

saqarTvelos portreti ar iqneboda sruli, kidev erTi friad arsebiTi niSani rom ar mogvexseniebina. xalx-ebis, ideebis, kulturebis moZraobaSi odiTgan Cabmuli saqarTvelo Tavisi yofierebis kanonad amkvidrebda ra-sobriv da religiur Semwynareblobas. mZlavri gareSe Zalebis mosagerieblad mebrZol saqarTvelos arasodes ar hqonia arc qsenofobia da arc religiuri fanatizmi. mis dedaqalaq TbilisSi, erT kvadratul kilometr far-Tobze, Tqven gverdigverd naxavT qarTul marTlmadide-blur eklesias, somxur grigorianul taZars, mahmadi-anur meCeTs, ebraul sinagogasa da luTeranul kirxas. IV saukunidan qristianma saqarTvelom zogierT Tavis didmniSvnelovan istoriul provinciaSi islamic iwa-ma da ar iyo maT Soris SuRli da mtroba, ar iyo iseTi viTareba, vinmesTvis ar daenebebinaT, rom ecxovra saku-Tari warmodgenebiTa da tradiciebiT.

Cvenda saubedurod, istoriis yvelaze sabediswero marSutebze am erTianobas Tavs atydeboda damangreveli dartymebi garedan Tu Signidan.

msgavsi ram SeiZleba moxdes, da ukve xdeba dRes.Cems movaleobad vracx, mivapyro Tqveni yuradReba

kavkasiis regions. swored aq Cndeba axali saerTaSoriso daZabulobis axali seriozuli kera.

am axali ubedurebebis wyaro moedineba Tanamedrove geopolitikuri wyobisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli tendenci-is kalapotiT, sadac globalur dapirispirebas enacv-leba konfrontacia regionul doneze. aq konfront-acias mieniWa iseTi farTo masStabis SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis xasiaTi, romlebsac Cven vxedavT evropis zogierT qveyanaSi, dnestrispireTSi, CvenSi – saqarTve-losa da amierkavkasiaSi, Sua aziaSi.

ideebis vakuumi ver iguebs Tavis sicarieles. jer kidev didi xnis win unda davfiqrebuliyaviT da gagveana-

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lizebina, ra xdeba veeberTela sivrceSi bosniidan vidre tajikeTamde, maT Soris, kavkasiaSi. rasTan gvaqvs saqme da ratom. saRad moazrovne politikosebi, saxelmwifo moRvaweni, rigiTi moqalaqeni, qristianni Tu mahmadian-ni, am sivrceSi Tu mis farglebs gareT mcxovrebni, mov-aleni arian SeaCeron es saSiSi procesi. safrTxe farTo masStabis konfliqtebisa romlebsac yovelgvari war-moSobis fundamentalizmi aRvivebs, erTob seriozulia saimisod, rom igi ararad Caagdo. miT ufro saSiSia es safrTxe, rodesac fanatizms iyenebs bolSevikuri yaidis fundamentalizmi.

specifikuri mizezebiT warmoSobil axal kon-fliqtebs aqvT raRac saerTo niSan-Tvisebebi. kerZod, aseTi: yvela es konfliqti warmoiSoba da viTardeba ram-denime faqtoris erTdrouli an nawilobrivi moqmedebis fonze.

es gaxlavT erovnul-eTnikuri siWrele, religiebi-sa da konfesiebis mravalferovneba, xalxTa social-ur-ekonomikuri uTanasworoba, mZime istoriuli da politikuri warsuli.

yvela am, sxva regionebisTvis saerTo faqtors, kavka-siaSi emateba geopolitikuri situaciis mwvave Tavise-bureba. mZlavri gareSe geopolitikuri Zalebis uSualo Sexebis wertilSi mdebare kavkasia odiTgan iyo samxreT-sa da CrdiloeTs, qristianobasa da mahmadianobas Soris buferuli zona, maTi miswrafebebisa da interesebis re-alizaciis asparezi.

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlam regionSi warmoSva sivrce, romelic xsnilia axali metoqeobisaTvis. TavianTi poli-tikuri, ekonomikuri, samxedro sisustis gamo kavkasiis axali saxelmwifoebi ver avseben am vakuums da ver qmnian sakuTari uSiSroebis saimedo garantiebs.

gareSe Zalebis garda imis gamoyenebas iswrafian nair-nairi Sinagani destruqciuli dajgufebani, rom-lebic nacionalisturi, fsevdopatriotuli, separat-istuli, xolo am bolo dros, – religiuri lozungebis

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niRabs amofarebulni, isaxaven angarebiTs politikur miznebs.

yovelive es, pirdapir Tu Sefarulad, Tavs iCens kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa e.w. konfederaciis moqmedeba-Si, romelic xelyofs saqarTvelos respublikis suve-renitets, teritoriul mTlianobasa da sazRvrebs. am ukanono arasaxelmwifoebrivma, aSkara teroristulma, arsebiTad – gasamxedroebulma organizaciam, romelic CrdiloeT kavkasiis xalxebisa da maT mier kanonierad arCeuli xelmZRvanelebis nebis sawinaaRmdegod moq-medebs, Cveni qveyana, misi dedaqalaqi ubedurebis zonad gamoacxada da mouwodebs, gamoiyenon Cvens winaaRmdeg yovelgvari saSualeba, maT Soris, masobrivi terori. konfederacia moxaliseTa nebiT gzavnis Cvens miwa-wyal-ze daqiravebulebs, terorist-kacismkvlelebs.

Cven Tvalwin CaRdeba omis xanZari, romelic axla ukve martooden saqarTvelos rodi emuqreba.

daskvna erTia: postkomunisturi samyaros sxva „cxel wertilebTan“ SedarebiT kavkasias konfliqturobis ufro maRali potenciali aqvs da amitom met safrTxes uqmnis saerTaSoriso mSvidobasa da uSiSroebas.

saqarTvelo kavkasiis problemaTa Suagul Sesayarze aRmoCnda. da kvlav, rogorc araerTgzis yofila isto-riaSi, sasworzea Segdebuli misi bedi, misi saxelmwi-foebrioba, da misi yofna-aryofna.

Sinagani da gareSe Zalebis rTuli Tanamoqmedebis winaSe Cven vcdilobT ganvaxorcieloT aqtiuri Sewonas-worebuli politika. qveynis SigniT – demokratiuli gar-daqmnebis, erovnuli Serigebis da konfliqtTa mSvidobi-ani mogvarebis politika, qveynis gareT – regionis yvela qveyanasTan megobruli urTierTobis ganviTarebis, msof-lio gaerTianebasTan TanamSromlobis politika.

Tavs vxri madlobis niSnad imaT winaSe, vinc gvirw-muna da xeli Segviwyo, miveReT gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciaSi, evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlo-bis TaTbirSi, sxva saerTaSoriso da regionul organi-

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zaciebSi. madloba yvelas, vinc gvcno damoukideblad da vinc CvenTan diplomatiuri urTierToba daamyara.

madlierni varT Cveni istoriuli mezoblebis – Tur-qeTisa, romelTanac megobrobis, TanamSromlobisa da keTilmezoblobis xelSekruleba davdeT, iranisa, ro-melTanac viTardeba sasikeTo kontaqtebi orive qveynis sasargeblod da sakeTildReod.

Cveni mravalsaukunovani urTierToba amierkavka-siis – somxeTisa da azerbaijanis xalxebTan, CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublikebTan, ukrainasTan, gvaZlevs Sesani-Snav safuZvels mWidrod TanavimoqmedoT Cveni qveynebis interesebisaTvis. CvenTvis gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelo-ba aqvs megobrul urTierTobas ruseTTan. man Segviwyo xeli Segveqmna qarTvel-osTa konfliqtis mogvarebis meqanizmi, ruseTma orgzis daadastura Cveni saxelm-wifos teritoriuli mTlianobis, misi sazRvrebis ur-Rvevobis principi, da Caeba meore konfliqtis – afxaze-Tis konfliqtis mSvidobiani mogvarebis procesSi.

stabiluri, ayvavebuli, demokratiuli ruseTi msof-lio masStabisa da mniSvnelobis faqtoria. safrTxe, ro-melsac mas uqmnian totalitaristuli revanSis Zalebi, – es aris safrTxe yoveli Cvenganisadmi. saqarTvelos wi-naaRmdeg momarTul SeTqmulebaSi, romelic axla mTeli sigrZe-siganiT mJRavndeba, ruseTis wiTel-mixakisferi reaqcia gvevlineba erT mwyobrSi ukidures fundamen-talizmTan, samamulo faSizmTan da separatizmTan. msof-liom unda icodes es. msoflio movalea daexmaros stabi-luri ruseTis ganmtkicebas da amiT – dagvexmaros Cven da sakuTar Tavs.

aseTi gaxlavT dRes Cveni politikuri yofiere-bis Semadgeneli nawilebi. magaTgan gamomdinare, Cven Seupovrad viRvwiT transkavkasiis konsultaciisa da SeTanxebis meqanizmis Sesaqmnelad.

gTavazobT SevudgeT SavzRva-kavkasiis regionSi koleqtiuri uSiSroebis sistemis Camoyalibebas. mxars vuWerT evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaT-biris axal institutebs, romlebic miznad isaxaven kon-

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fliqtebis aRkveTas da erovnul umciresobaTa ufle-bebis dacvas. farTod vuRebT kars evropisa da msoflios faqtebis damdgen misiebs.

magram dRes es ukve aRar aris sakmarisi. „civi omis“ aRsasrulma dRis wesrigSi daayena globaluri uSiS-roebis efeqtiani sistemis mSeneblobis saWiroeba.

movlenebi upiratesi siswrafiT viTardeba. evropis procesi CamorCeba maT, mniSvnelovnad gauWianurda pa-suxi cvlilebaTa drois gamowvevaze. didi dagvianebiT gamoexmaura gaeroc msoflios sxvadasxva regionSi momx-dar seriozul Zvrebs.

Cven mivesalmebiT generaluri mdivnis batoni butros galis gabedul iniciativebs, romelTa mizania mianiWon gaerTianebuli erebis organizacias meti mobiluroba, unari – swrafad gamoexmauros drois moTxovnebs. misi moxseneba „msoflio dRis wesrigi“ sworad ayenebs Tana-medroveobis problemebisadmi mravalmxrivi midgomis sakiTxs. kargia, rom Seiqmna avtoritetuli damoukide-beli komisia, romelic iwyebs Tanamedrove pirobebSi gaeros rolis kvlevas.

nu SegveSindeba reformebisa, rodesac isini es-oden saWiroa, Cveni azriT, uwinaresad, or urTierT-dakavSirebul sferoSi, mSvidobis dacvasa da axal da-moukidebel saxelmwifoTa mSeneblobaSi. neba miboZeT, amasTan dakavSirebiT gamovTqva ramdenime winadadeba.

pirveli – exeba monitorings, Sinakonfliqtebis pro-filaqtikisa da mogvarebis globaluri qselis formire-bas.

gaeros sagangebo damkvirveblebi „cxel wertileb-Si“, regionuli biuroebi da misiebi sainformacio cen-trebi dagvexmarebian miviRoT naTeli suraTi da Sevi-muSaoT konkretuli gadawyvetilebani.

aseTi meqanizmebi unda damyardes uSualod konfliq-tur regionSi. Cveni magaliTiT – kavkasiaSi. maTi safuZ-veli SeiZleba gaxdes gaeros warmomadgenloba Tbilis-Si. gTavazobT agreTve gavafarTovoT arsebuli mandati evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiris uze-

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naesi komisarisa da erovnul umciresobaTa sakiTxebSi. raTa saWiroebisamebr mas SeeZlos informacia miawo-dos Cveni organizaciis generalur mdivans da adamianis uflebaTa komisias.

aseTive rwmunebebiT aRWurvili analogiuri insti-tutebi SeiZleba iyos sxva regionul organizaciebSic.

gaerTianebuli erebis organizacias unda hqondes specialuri organo, romelic Seagrovebs da daamuSavebs informacias potenciuri eTnokonfliqtebis Sesaxeb, ga-moimuSavebs daskvnebsa da rekomendaciebs. mis funqcieb-Si unda Sediodes agreTve konfliqtur situaciaTa prognozireba maTi Casaxvis adreul stadiaSi.

konfliqtebis gansaxilvelad SeiZleba moviwvioT saerTaSoriso sasamarTloc.

axleburad unda davinaxoT uSiSroebis sabWos roli da SesaZleblobani. aq Cven araerTgzis dagviyenebia samx-edro-saStabo komitetis muSaobis aqtivizaciis sakiTxi. axla, rodesac „civi omi“aRara gvaqvs, magram gvaqvs ua-mravi mzardi „cxeli wertili“, uSiSroebis sabWo fons ver gava, Tu ar eqna es an raime sxva analogiuri struq-tura, romelic saSualebas miscems srulad ganaxorcie-los Tavisi sawesdebo funqciebi.

gaeros wevrma saxelmwifoebma savaldebulo wesiT unda miawodon informacia uSiSroebis sabWos Casaxuli konfliqtebis Sesaxeb. am movaleobisagan Tavis arideba usanqciod ar unda darCes. Cven vkisrulobT valdebule-bas, warmovudginoT gaeros, mis uSiSroebis sabWos yovelwliuri moxsenebani adamianis uflebaTa, erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis sferoSi arsebuli mdgomareobis, im krizisuli situaciebis Sesaxeb, romlebmac SeiZleba ga-moiwvion seriozuli garTulebani qveyanasa da regionSi.

am orlesuli problemis meore mWreli piria infor-maciuli zemoqmedeba. modidebuli metoqeoba gamodis gazeTis furclebze, radio da teleeTerSi, da imar-jvebs is mxare, romelsac meti aqvs teqnologiuri Ses-aZleblobani, fuladi resursebi, ufro miuwvdeba xeli masobrivi informaciis saSualebebsa da muSakebze. sazo-

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gadoebrivi azri yalibdeba calmxrivad da stiqiurad, magram amas kidev aitanda kaci.

mTavari ubedureba is gaxlavT, rom es partizanuli omi presaSi asazrdoebs konfliqtebis niadags da ar-Tulebs maTs mogvarebas.

Cven gamosavlad migvaCnia iseTi centrebis Seqmna, romlebic saerTaSoriso organizaciaTa egidiT gaavrce-leben obieqtur informacias.

meore – ltolvilTa problema. eTnokonfliqteb-ma mravalgzis gazarda maTi ricxvi. axla veravin ver dagisaxelebT zust cifrs. aravin icis, ramdeni saxsre-bia saWiro ltolvilTa dasaxmareblad da ra unda viRo-noT pirvel rigSi saimisod, rom gamoiricxos axali kon-fliqtebi, rodesac isini mudmivi binadrobis adgilebs daubrundebian.

aqac aseve gvWirdeba meTvalyureTa sistema. saWiroa axlandelze ufro masStaburi daxmarebis organizacia, romelsac SeuZlia ara marto materialuri Semweoba, aramed agreTve procesisTvis meti marTvadobis mini-Weba. Cveni azriT, safuZvliani reformireba sWirde-ba ltolvilTa saqmeebis uzenaesi komisris samsaxuris mTel muSaobas.

mesame – sayovelTao da yovlismomcveli kontroli iaraRis gavrcelebisadmi. totalitaruli sistemis wi-aRSi mokalaTebuli eTnoerovnuli mafiozuri klanebi Tavs uyrian kolosalur Tanxebs SeiaraRebis SesaZenad, samxedroebis mosasyidad, raTa Caaban isini sabrZo-lo moqmedebaSi da farulad gadascen teqnika ukanono formirebebs.

axalgazrda damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa uSiSroe-bisa da marTlwesrigis erovnuli Zalebi ver arTmeven Tavs am ukontrolo gamalebuli SeiaraRebis epidemias. saWiroa swrafi reagirebis saerTaSoriso Zalebi, erT-gvari „cisfermuzaradianTa“ interpoli, ganiaraRebi-sadmi kontrolis damoukidebeli saagento, SeiaraRebis regionuli registrebis SemoReba.

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meoTxe – gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis swra-fi reagirebis Zalebi saerTaSoriso-samarTlebrivi az-rovnebis, doqtrinul-Teoriuli namuSevrebis sferoSi.

normatiuli orientirebis tradiciuli sistema ui-medod CamorCa boboqar geopolitikur cvlilebebs. msoflio awydeba mTeli rigi saqveynod aRiarebuli prin-cipebis nebismier calmxriv gageba-ganmartebas. TviTne-buri, „veluri“ suverenizacia, romelsac praqtikulad Sedegad mohyva saxelmwifoTa teritoriuli mTlianobis, maTi sazRvrebis Seuvalobis xelyofa, mosaxleobis didi jgufebis gadaqceva meorexarisxovan moqalaqeebad, aseve gaxda an xdeba bevri sisxliani Setakebis mizezi.

dRes yvela saerTaSoriso aqti gmobs yovelgvar saqmianobas, romelic mimarTulia suverenuli saxelmwi-fos teritoriuli mTlianobisa da sazRvrebis Seuvalo-bis winaaRmdeg.

saubedurod, eqstremizmTan pirSekruli separatiz-mi angrevs ara marto saxelmwifoebs, aramed samarTle-briv sistemebsac. separatistul moZraobaTa moTaveni ise manipulireben normebiT, rom maT anomaliad aqceven.

Tu ar SevaCereT eqstremistuli separatizmi, msof-lios uqadis danawevreba da rRveva, anarqiisa da qaosis gayolieba XXI saukuneSi.

Seuwynarebelia erTi principis absolutizeba meo-ris sazianod. danaSaulebrivia, erTni aRwevdnen TiTga-morkvevas, da am dros ar imCnevdnen, rom maTs gverdiT saerTo teritoriaze saukuneTa manZilze cxovroben xalxebi, romelTa fizikuri gandevna SeuZlebelia.

nebismieri miswrafeba, nebismieri pretenzia, norma da kategoria unda ganizomebodes politikis adamianu-ri ganzomilebis sawyaoTi, romlis prioritetad miC-neulia yoveli kacis uflebaTa Tanasworoba, ama Tu im eris, eTnikuri, enobrivi Tu komfesiuri jgufisadmi kuTvnilebis miuxedavad. aseTi midgomis suliskveTeba moiTxovs ara marto erovnuli umciresobebis, aramed agreTve im moqalaqeebis uflebaTa dacvas, romlebic um-ravlesobas warmoadgenen.

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Torem sxvagvarad SeiZleba wavawydeT aparteidis modernizebul formas da eTnodiqtaturas, rogorc Cvens konfliqtur zonaSia – afxazeTSi, sadac umcireso-bas mieca SesaZlebloba Tavs moexvia sakuTari neba um-ravlesobisaTvis.

rogor moxda es? Cvens winaSea samarTlis angarebiTi manipulirebis klasikuri magaliTi. diskriminaciuli saarCevno kanonis mixedviT, mosaxleobis 18%-is Semad-geneli erTi erovnebis amomrCevlebi afxazeTis avtono-miuri respublikis parlamentSi gzavnian ufro met dep-utatebs, vidre meore erovnebisa, romelic afxazeTis mosaxleobis naxevars Seadgens. Selaxulia sxva erovnu-li jgufebis uflebebic.

erTi afxazi deputatis asarCevad sakmarisia samjer naklebi xmebis raodenoba, vidre erTi qarTveli deputa-tis asarCevad.

aseTi samarTlebrivi eqstremizmi saboloo angariS-iT gadaiqceva erovnul da politikur eqstremizmad, iwvevs mkveTr konfrontacias. umciresobis eqstremis-tuli nawilis ganwyobis gamomxatveli xelmZRvaneli zedafena axorcielebs nebis mkacr diqtats da saqme iqiT-ken mihyavs, rom saqarTvelos CamoaSoros misi odindeli teritoria.

separatizms verafers Seasmen dialogiT da kompro-misebiT – es Cven sakuTari gamocdilebiT viwvnieT. sepa-ratizms ar surs molaparakeba, igi uaryofs racionalu-ri politikis meTodebs, Slis SeTanxmebaTa Sesrulebas. igi ayalibebs cnebebs – agresias da okupacias uwodebs sajariso qveganayofebis gadaadgilebas Cveni sakuTari teritoriis farglebSi.

ra vqnaT? saqarTveloSi, saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze xom cxovrobdnen, cxovroben da kvlav icxovreben erTad qarTvelebi da afxazebi.

uaxloes momavalSi generaluri asamblea ganixilavs erovnuli umciresobebis uflebaTa deklaraciis pro-eqts. Cven mxars davuWerT deklaracias, iseve rogorc davuWireT mxari evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlo-

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bis TaTbiris Sesabamis gadawyvetilebebs. magram, kvlav minda gavimeoro: yoveli amdagvari aqti unda Seicavdes punqtsac Tavis samyofo teritoriaze stabilurobisa da mSvidobis SenarCunebisaTvis umciresobaTa pasuxims-geblobis wilis Sesaxeb.

droa, agreTve SevimuSaoT TviTgamorkvevis samar-Talsubieqtobis ufro zusti kriteriumebi da da-vamkvidroT praqtikaSi am samarTlis TviTneburi gan martebisa da gamoyenebis faqtebis operatiuli damo-ukidebeli eqspertiza.

mexuTe – zemoaRniSnul punqtTagan vercerTi ver gasWris, Tu ar Seiqmna axal demokratiaTa ekonomikuri mxardaWeris ufro qmediTi meqanizmebi. es konstitucia rodi amcirebs Cvens madlierebas evropisa da msofli-os finansur-ekonomikuri institutebisadmi, romelTa wyalobiTac Cven jer kidev gvidgas suli. magram faqti faqtad rCeba: yofili kavSiris respublikebis ekonomika katastrofis piras aris. warmoebis daqveiTeba TiTqmis mesamediT, rogorc saqarTveloSi, energomatareblebis, nedleulis uqonloba, maTi fasebis katastrofuli mate-ba, tradiciuli mimwodeblobisa da gasaRebis bazebis dakargva, moaxloebuli masobrivi umuSevrobis safrTxe gzas uxSoben demokratiul gardaqmnebs.

aq Cemi axlandeli gamosvla mniSvnelovan risk-Tan aris dakavSirebuli. erTob SfoTiani viTarebaa Cvens ojaxSi. erTob xSiria saqarTveloSi siZulvilis Wurvebis afeTqeba, romlebsac gulSi umizneben Cvens politikas – demokratiuli aRmSeneblobis, patiosani, alalmarTali, msofliosaTvis kargaxsnili saxelmwifos mSeneblobis politikas. es miT ufro ar aris gamoricx-uli dRes, axla, parlamentis arCevnebis win, rodesac saqarTvelos respublikis xalxma an unda moiwonos anda, uaryos Cveni demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis kursi.

mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb: yofili kavSiris respublikebis usastikesi ekonomikuri krizisi Tavisi SedegebiT mTels msoflios Seazanzarebs.

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Cven gafrTxilebT: Tu kvlavac gagrZelda ase – gardauvalia udidesi Zalebis socialuri afeTqeba. gardauvalia Rirebulebrivi orientaciis Secvla – demokratiidan Zlieri xelis Zalauflebaze. es msofli-os gacilebiT ufro Zvirad daujdeba, vidre – axla. mod-iT movifiqroT, rogor aviciloT es Tavidan, ra saimedo saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri TviTdazRvevis sistema Sev-qmnaT.

cxadze ucxadesia, rom saerTaSoriso organizacieb-Si, uwinares yovlisa, – gaerTianebuli erebis organi-zaciaSi, mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli es momenti. Znelia ilaparako msoflio ekonomikur stabilurobaze, erTian msoflio uSiSroebis sivrceze msoflios wamyvan saxelmwifoTa dauswreblad da monawileobis miuReb-lad. uSiSroebis sabWo realurad unda axdendes gavle-nas saqmeTa viTarebaze. winaT me sabWos mudmivi wevrebis Semadgenlobis gafarToebis winaaRmdeg gamovdiodi. axla, sabWoTa kavSiris rRvevis Semdeg, rodesac mkveT-rad Seicvala Zalebis ganawileba, unda vizrunoT mudmiv wevrTa iseTi SemadgenlobisaTvis, romelic gaaZliereb-da msoflios ekonomikur procesze uSiSroebis sabWos zemoqmedebis Zalas.

axleburad unda gavicnobieroT iseTi ekonomikuri gigantebis roli, rogoricaa germania da iaponia.

aqve davZen: ar gamarTlda prognozebi, TiTqos axal pirobebSi amerikis SeerTebul Statebs, raRac preten-ziebi gasCenodes gansakuTrebul rolze, romelic sa-Sualebas miscemda Tavs moexvia msofliosTvis sakuTari neba. am diadi qveynis Sewonasworebuli sagareo poli-tika arc exla ewinaaRmdegeba sxva saxelmwifoTa inter-esebs, da, saboloo angariSiT, xels uwyobs wonasworobis SenarCunebas mSvidobisa da stabilurobis sasargeblod.

gvinda imedi viqonioT, rom amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi kvlavac iqneba simSvidis, wesrigisa da wonaswo-robis garanti axal, uaRresad rTul pirobebSi.

gaero ganze ver gaudgeba axal demokratiaTa materi-alur mxardaWeras. aq iseve dagvWirdeba swrafi reagire-

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bis, – ekonomikuri reagirebis Zalebi. gaeros savsebiT xelewifeba axlebur safuZvelze ufro efeqtianad ga-naxorcielos msoflio bankis, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis, sxva regionuli da saerTaSoriso institutebis moqmedebis koordinireba, raTa ufro srulad Seuwyos xeli ekonomikuri reformebis warmatebas axal saxelmwi-foSi.

meeqvse – Cven ubralod movaleni varT SevitanoT saerTaSoriso samarTalSi im pirTa individualuri pasuxismgeblobis norma, romlebic provokaciulad iwveven masobriv areulobas, politikur sisastikes, mZev-lebis ayvanas, teroristul aqtebs, nairgvar blokadebs. Cvenma SfoTianma drom aafuTfuTa aseTi adamianebi. qon-driskacebma wamoiwyes amboxeba adamianebis winaaRmdeg. istoriaSi es ukve yofila. magram iseTi masStabiT, ro-goric axlaa msoflios jer ar axsovs „mesiebis“ Semos-eva, romlebic iswrafvian Zalaufleba daimkvidron sa-kuTari xalxebis tanjva-vaebaze. liliputebi, xel-fexs rom uborkaven guliverebs, – mravali qveynis realobaa, da maT Soris Cemi qveynisac.

da, bolos, meSvide, saTvalaviT, – da ara Tavisi ar-siT, – ukanaskneli winadadeba. yovelive zemonaTqvami adasturebs: Cveni saerTo pasuxismgebloba mSvidobisa da uSiSroebisTvis moiTxovs politikur, ekonomikur, samxedro, finansur, ekologiur dargebSi saerTo Zal-isxmevis SeTanxmebasa da koordinacias. am sferoebSi procesebis marTvas oTx urTierTdamokidebul doneze: Sidasaxelmwifoebriv, regionul, superregionul da saerTo – msoflio doneebis pirveli safexuri mxolod ganmtkicdeba, Tu gaero SeZlebs gamonaxos axal saxelm-wifoTa fexze dayenebis forma. meore safexuri SesaZle-belia regionul TanamSromlobaSi Cabmuli saxelmwi-foebis interesTa erTianobis an daaxloebis Tanxmobis pirobiT. mesame safexurad SeiZleba mogvevlinon iseTi organizaciebi, rogoric aris evropis uSiSroebisa da TanamSromlobis TaTbiri, afrikis qveynebis erTobis organizacia, Savi zRvis auzis qveynebis aliansi da sx-

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vebi. meoTxe gaxlavT msoflio Tanamoqmedebis makoor-dinebeli sistemis Seqmna, sadac mTavar koordinatorad mogvevlineba gaerTianebuli erebis organizacia, misi Sesabamisi institutebi da struqturebi.

pativcemulo delegatebo!es tribuna yovelTvis meCveneboda Zalian maRlad. mis

simaRles vgrZnobdi im drosac, rodesac mTeli msoflio TvalebSi Sescicinebda uzarmazari da uZlieresi qvey-nis warmomadgenels, raTa ar gamorCenoda misi arcerTi sityva, miuxedavad imisa Tu ras ityoda. aseTia ZlierTa privilegia, magram me yovelTvis vcdilobdi Cveni si-tyvebi yofiliyo ara boroti Zalis, aramed keTili nebis gamomxatveli.

axla, rodesac gelaparakebiT patara da susti qvey-nis saxeliT, vgrZnob, raoden gazrdila CemTvis am tri-bunis simaRle da raoden gamoadgeba mxsnelad igi Cems samSoblos.

aq Cemi axlandeli gamosvla mniSvnelovan risk-Tan aris dakavSirebuli. erTob SfoTiani viTarebaa Cvens ojaxSi. erTob xSiria saqarTveloSi siZulvilis Wurvebis afeTqeba, romlebsac gulSi umizneben Cvens politikas – demokratiuli aRmSeneblobis, patiosani, alalmarTali, msofliosTvis kargaxsnili saxelmwifos mSeneblobis politikas. es miT ufro aris gamoricxu-li dResac, axla, parlamentis arCevnebis win, rodesac saqarTvelos respublikis xalxma an unda moiwonos, anda uaryos Cveni demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis kursi.

da mainc, me aq Camovedi, raTa saqarTvelosTvis ar damekarga dResdReobiT erTaderTi Sansi – memcno msof-liosTvis Cemi qveynis imedebi da zraxvani, meTqva simar-Tle da uarmeyo sicrue.

me Camovedi, rom kvlav davadasturo im sityvebis erTguleba, msoflio gaerTianebas rom miveciT. mereda ra, rom Semcirda masStabi da daviwrovda horizonti?! – me vazrovneb, vlaparakob da vmoqmedeb im principebiTa da normebiT, romelTac aq mTeli ganvlili wlebis man-Zilze vicavdi.

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da, bolos, – es ki Cemi ukanaskneli piraduli gulisTq-ma iqneba – me Zalian maklda Tqveni Tavi.

Tqven momismineT. didi madloba momixsenebia.

me­aq­Camovedi,­raTa­saqarTvelosTvis­ar­damekarga­dResdReobiT­erTaderTi­Sansi­ –­ memcno­ msofliosTvis­ Cemi­ qveynis­ imedebi­da­zraxvani,­ meTqva­ simarTle­da­uarmeyo­ sicrue­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­seqtemberi.­–­N194–195(474).­–­1,2­gv.

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dadga dro, rom davadginoT faqtebi, mivceT Sefaseba yovelive imas, rac moxda

eduard SevardnaZis preskonferencia moskovSi

„ruseTis federaciis uzenaesi sabWos sesiaze miRebu-li gadawyvetilebani, arsebiTad aris revizia im morige-bebisa, romlebic miRweulia saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris 1992 wlis 3 seqtembers“ – ganacxada saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem 28 seqtembers moskovSi, saqarTvelos mTavrobis mudmiv warmomad-genlobaSi qarTveli da ucxoeli JurnalistebisaTvis gamarTul preskonferenciaze. niu-iorkidan Tbilisi-saken gzad momavali eduard SevardnaZe Camoxda moskov-Si ruseTis prezidentTan boris elcinTan Sesaxvedrad.

Seexo ra ruseTis prezidentTan gamarTul saubars, e. SevardnaZem aRniSna, Tu raoden didi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, rom ruseTis liderma daadastura moskovsa da soW-Si ori saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebis mier xelmoweril SeTanxmebaTa erTgulobis faqti, romlebsac gadamwyve-ti mniSvneloba aqvT ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis. „CemTvis sasiamovno iyo Semetyo, – Tqva man, – rom ruseTis prezidenti darw-munebulia Tavis ZalebSi, Rrmad swams Tavis samSobloSi reformebisa da demokratiul gardaqmnaTa warmatebisa, romlebiTac dainteresebulia aseve saqarTvelo da ev-ropa, msoflios yvela qveyana“.

Seafasa ra ruseTis federaciis uzenaesi sabWos se-siaze miRebuli gancxadeba da dadgenileba afxazeTSi mimdinare movlenebis gamo, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom am dokumentebis mTeli rigi debulebani „aris mtru-li, uSlis xels konfliqtis mogvarebas da xels uwyobs agresiulobis zrdas orive mxridan“. bunebrivia, – Tqva man, – rom prezidenti elcini amas ver daeTanxmeba. da Ce-mTvis es mniSvnelovani konstituciaa. saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem gausva xazi imas, rom swored ruseTis

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prezidenti iRebs gadawyvetilebebs, maSin, roca uzenae-si sabWos gancxadeba mxolod sarekomendacio xasiaTisaa.

Seexo ra afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi Se-qmnil situacias, eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom aq kon-fliqtis mowesrigebis sawyisi wertilia moskovSi 3 se-qtembers miRweuli morigebebi, aRniSna, rom arasakmaris aqtiurobas iCens kontrolisa da inspeqciis komisia, ro-melmac Tvalyuri unda adevnos am morigebaTa Sesrule-bas, xazi gausva imas, rom raoden saWiroa dauyovnebliv gaiyvanon kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederaciis egreT wodebuli moxaliseebi. man Jurnalistebs Seaxsena, rom saqarTvelo ar apirebs eomos vinmes, mis teritoriaze ki jarebis Cveulebrivma gadaadgilebam gamoiwvia gaaf-Trebuli reaqcia afxazeTis eqstremistuli wreebis mx-riv.

„dadga dro, rom davadginoT faqtebi, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – mivceT Sefaseba yovelive imas, rom saqa-rTvelos mxare ganuwyvetliv iRvwis, raTa gamarTos dia-logi konfliqtSi Cabmul afxazeTis mxaresTan, magram, am mcdelobas ar mohyolia saTanado gamoxmaureba.

upasuxa ra kiTxvas avtonomiebTan saqarTvelos urT-ierTobis Sesaxeb, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem Tqva, rom es respublikis momavali parlamentis prerog-ativaa, gamoTqva Tavisi Tvalsazrisi am problemis Tao-baze: „federaciuli wyobileba saqarTvelos, albaT, ar gamoadgeba. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom gaimarTos saer-To-erovnuli referendumi am sakiTxis Taobaze, – Tqva man. – Cven unda aRvadginoT avtonomiuri respublik-is yvela moqalaqis uflebebi, radgan 18 procenti afx-azi ar aris mTeli afxazeTi, aq cxovrobs daaxloebiT 50 procenti qarTveli, 15 procentamde rusi da somexi mosaxleoba. vfirob, rom avtonomiuri respublikis, ise rogorc mTeli saqarTvelos mcxovrebTa umravlesoba, mxars dauWers erTian, mTlian saxelmwifos“.

eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, Tu raoden saWiroa kavkasiaSi Seqmnili situaciis mowesrigebis saqmeSi gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciisa da evropis gaer-

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Tianebuli struqturebis ufro aqtiuri Cabma, radgan aq mimdinare konfliqtebma SeiZleba dramatuli gamox-maureba povos msoflios mraval qveyanaSi. „gaerTianebu-li erebis organizaciis generaluri asambleis sesiaze gamosvlisas, – Tqva man, – Sevecade momeniSna is proble-mebi, romlebsac gadaawydeba msoflio gaerTianeba kavka-siaSi viTarebis gamwvavebis SemTxvevaSi, da am proble-maTagan yvelaze saSiSia umarTavi, stiqiuri socialuri afeTqeba“.

kiTxvas winasaarCevno platformisa da im meTodebis Sesaxeb, romlebic arCevnebze gamarjvebis SemTxveva-Si apirebs eduard SevardnaZe qveynis marTvas, man upa-suxa, rom upirveles amocanad miaCnia saqarTveloSi ekonomikuri da politikuri stabilizaciis miRweva. „yvelaferi, rasac vakeTeb da momavalSic gavakeTeb, – Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, – Tavsdeba xeli-suflebaze demokratiul warmodgenaTa CarCoebSi. im SemTxvevaSi ki, Tu warmoiqmneba respublikaSi diqtat-uris damyarebis saWiroeba, aseTi rolisaTvis me ver gam-ovdgebi“, – dasZina man.

marine­rondelisaqarTvelos­mudmivi­warmomadgenlobis­prescentri.

dadga­ dro,­ rom­ davadginoT­ faqtebi,­ mivceT­ Sefaseba­ yovelive­imas,­rac­moxda­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­seqtemberi.­–­N196-197­(476).­–­1,7­gv.

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rogor sWirdeboda igi Tavisufal saqarTvelos!

samZimris depeSa irakli jorjaZis ojaxs

viziareb Tqvens mwuxarebas batoni iraklis gar-dacvalebis gamo.

istorikosi da samxedro mSeneblobis Teoritikosi, novatori-mkvlevari, rogor sWirdeboda igi Tavisufal da damoukidebel saqarTvelos!

madlierebiT aRvniSnav, sxva damsaxurebebTan erTad, qarTuli samxedro xelovnebis istoriis kvlevaSi mis mier Setanil wvlils, qeds vixri misi xsovnis winaSe.

eduard­SevardnaZe.29.09.92­w.

rogor­sWirdeboda­igi­Tavisufal­saqarTvelos!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­oqtomberi.­–­N198-199­(478).­–­1­gv.

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SeWirvebuli moyvasis erTguli, uRalato da saimedo Semwe

misalmeba saqarTvelos RvTisSvilTa kavSirs

mTeli suliTa da guliT vulocav RvTisSvilTa ka-vSirs daarsebis mesame wlisTavs. saqarTveloSi RvTis WeSmariti rwmenisa da didi humanisturi tradiciebis aRorZineba-damkvidreba, risTvisac Tqveni kavSiri iR-vwis, Cveni eris sulieri ganwmendisa da gadarCenis utyu-ari sawindaria.

RvTisSvilma kavSirma, Tavisi arc ise xangrZlivi ar-sebobis manZilze, ukve moaswro sityviTa da saqmiT dae-mtkicebina, rom am organizaciis saxiT SeWirvebul moy-vass erTguli, uRalato da saimedo Semwe hyavs.

vimedovneb, rom RvTisSvilTa kavSiris Rvawls Rir-seulad daafasebs qarTveli xalxi momaval saparlamen-to arCevnebSi.

saukeTeso survilebiT

eduard­SevardnaZe.

SeWirvebuli­moyvasis­ erTguli,­uRalato­da­saimedo­Semwe­ /­Se-vardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­oqtomberi.­–­N200­(479).­–­1­gv.

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samZimris depeSa pavle aslanidis ojaxs

gTxovT miiRoT gulwrfeli samZimari didad pa-tivcemuli batoni pavles gardacvalebis gamo. Zneli warmosadgenia saqarTvelos JurnalistTa ojaxi pavle aslanidis gareSe. misi gardacvaleba didi danaklisia yvela CvenganisaTvis. baton pavles cxovreba sanimuSo magaliTia imisa, Tu rogor unda giyvardes mSobliuri qalaqi, rogor unda icxovro misi sazrunaviT da inter-esebiT. es Tvisebebi gansakuTrebiT mkafiod gamovlinda gazeT „veCerni tbilisSi“, romelsac igi 30 weliwadi edga saTaveSi. mjera, batoni pavle aslanidis naTeli xsovna samudamod darCeba misi megobrebisa da Tanamoaz-reebis gulSi.

eduard­SevardnaZe.1.10.92­w.

samZimris­depeSa­pavle­aslanidis­ojaxs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­oqtomberi.­–­N200­(479).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: Cveni diagnozi, rom saqar Tvelos winaaRmdeg SeTqmulebasTan

gvaqvs saqme, gagraSi momxdarma movlenebmac daa dastura

1992 wlis 5 oqtombris radiointerviu

gagris movlenebma ukiduresad daZaba situacia, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, roca kviris movlenebi gaaa-naliza Tavis tradiciul radiointerviuSi orSabaTs, 5 oqtombers. – velodiT Tu ara sakiTxis ase garTulebas, aseT ukan daxevas? principulad, ar velodiT, magram in-tuiciiTac da analiziTac vgrZnobdiT, vxvdebodiT, rom raRac unda momxdariyo an afxazeTSi, an sxvagan. samwux-arod, Cven amisaTvis mzad ar aRmovCndiT, da ar aRmovCn-diT ara imitom, rom vinmes ar undoda mzadyofna, arame-di aseT dros rTulze rTulia gaTvalo variantebi da amasTan, esec mniSvnelovani faqtoria, Cveni resursebi Zalian SezRudulia, rac normalur saxelmwifos unda gaaCndes, ar gagvaCnia.

magram aris imis SesaZlebloba, rom TandaTan gavzardoT Cveni resursebi da es unda gavakeToT, Tumca ar iqneba advili saqme. gamarTlda Cveni diagnozi, rom saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg SeTqmulebasTan gvaqvs saqme da es gagris movlenebma, dasavleT saqarTvelos zogierT raionSi momxdarma ambebma da TbilisSi teroristuli jgufebis gamovlenis faqtorebma daadastures.

vvaraudobdiT, – ganagrZo saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmj-domarem, – rom raRac seriozuli SeiZleba momxdariyo, magram ara aseTi masStabiT. Cemi azriT, am Zalebma aamoq-medes TavianTi bolo rezervi da amas xeli Seuwyo ruse-Tis parlamentis reaqciulma gancxadebam. es gancxadeba rom ar yofiliyo, SesaZloa yovelive arc momxdariyo. Tumca, minda aqve davZino, rom jerjerobiT me ar dami-kargavs mTliani ndoba da ruseTis prezidentisa jer kidev mjera. magram, vimeoreb, ruseTis parlamentis gancxadebiT faqtobrivad samoqmedod mouwodes sepa-

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ratistul, eqstremistul da yvela sxva reaqciul Zalas. nuravis nu egoneba, rom reaqciuli jgufebi marto ruse-Tis parlamentSi sxedan, maT dasayrdeni hyavT samxedro wreebSic da sxvaganac. es istoriis narCenia. da male, albaT, aRmoCndeba iq, sadac aris misi adgili, magram borot Zalebs saerTod aqvT gaerTianebis saocari unari da swored am movlenasTan gvaqvs Cven saqme, roca akvir-debi, pirdapir gikvirs kacs, ra unda esaqmebodeT ruse-Tis warmomadgenlebs faSistur e. w. konfederaciul ZalebTan? xom aSkaraa, rom gagraSi momxdari movlenebi mas uSualod ukavSirdeba da misi gamoZaxilia.

reaqciis Zalebis am gamoxdomis mizani arCevnebis CaSla gaxlavT. Tu isini gagraSi warmatebas moipovebd-nen, iqneboda didi msxverpli, albaT, fiqrobdnen, rom es arCevnebis CaSlis mTavari faqtori gaxdeboda, respub-likaSi gaRrmavdeboda anarqia da gaizrdeboda situa-ciaze xelis momTbobTa ricxvic. aseTi xelis momTbobi Zalebi ki Cvens garSemoc arian da Sinac mravlad gvyavs.

magram, rogorc unda iyos, Cven Tavi unda gavarTvaT am urTules problemas, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – sx-vanairad warmoudgenelia. me vTqvi, afxazeTis konfliq-tis mSvidobiani mowesrigebis sakiTxi CixSi moeqca-meTqi. marTlac, jerjerobiT raime sinaTles am saqmeSi ver vxe-dav, magram saqarTvelos saerTo winsvla rodia CixSi moqceuli, me soxumSi daveswari mitings. (misi mTliani Cveneba, samwuxarod, teqnikuri mizezebis gamo ver mox-erxda), sadac erT muStad Sekruli vnaxe mTeli soxumis mosaxleoba – qarTvelebic, somxebic da sxvebic. sxva-Ta Soris, aq iyvnen adamianebi da mTeli jgufebi adami-anebisa, romlebic guSin da guSinwin sul sxvanairad az-rovnebdnen da laparakobdnen...

Zalian mixaria, rom Cveni es uwmindesi qalaqi, Cve-ni soxumi ase erT muStad aris Sekruli... iciT, did warmatebasac da did marcxsac Tan sdevs xolme iseTi mo-mentebi romlebidanac yvelaze meti sargeblobis miReba SeiZleba, Cven swored es mTavari momentebi unda movZeb-noT da mivyveT.

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xSirad gaismis xolme laparaki, Tu ratom SeCerdnen Cveni Zalebi soxumSi, ratom ar wavidnen win, anda ratom ar moxda biWvinTasa da bzifze kontroli da a. S.

mec vfiqrob amaze, magram Cveni mizani aseTi ram ar yofila. Cveni Zalebis afxazeTSi gadaadgilebis mizani komunikaciebis dacva iyo, rom sarkinigzo moZraobis us-afrTxoeba yofiliyo uzrunvelyofili. Cven soxumSi Se-Cerebas arc vapirebdiT, iq rCeboda zemoTqmuli miznebi-saTvis saWiro Zalebi da azradac ar mogvsvlia, rom afxazTa xelisufleba gagveqcia. Cven maTTan erTad unda gvekeTebina yvelaferi, magram afxazeTis xelisuflebam gviRalata, gaiqca gudauTaSi, soxumSi ki cecxli gauxsna Cvens jars da sisxlisRvra moawyo. Cveni Zalebi soxumSi 3-4 dRe dayovndnen, riTac saerTod strategiuli gegma ukve CaSlili aRmoCnda.

amasobaSi afxazTa mxarem gudauTaSi Tavi mouyara didZal xalxs, amitom winsvlas SesaZloa afxazTa didi msxverpli mohyoloda. es, cxadia, ar unda momxdariyo. am ganwyobilebiT Cven ar vyofilvarT, aseTi ganwyobilebiT civilizebuli xalxi ar moqmedebs da arc Cven gvimoqme-dia. ise, simarTle giTxraT, Zalebic ar iyo sakmarisi, ma-gram soxumSi rom ar davyovnebuliyaviT, gudauTa maSin ar warmoadgenda raime siZneles, Tumca mere – SeiZle-boda imis gakeTeba, magram ra mZime Sedegebi mohyveboda am nabijebs, amis gaTvaliswineba aucilebelia, roca am Temaze vlaparakobT. amasTan ar unda dagvaviwydes msof-lio sazogadoebrivi azri. Tu igi amJamad Cvens mxaresaa, mxolod imitom, rom swored civilizebuli gza avirCi-eT. msoflios progresulma azrma rom zurgi Segvaqcios, ar SeiZleba, da amas, albaT, arc momavali gvapatiebs. ig-ive unda iTqvas bzifzec da biWvinTazec.

gagris zonaSi samxedro xelmZRvanelobis probleme-bze saubrisas radiokomentator nato onianis kiTxvaze eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom am zonaSi samxedro xelmZ-Rvaneloba ar iyo erTiani. gagraSi rom samxedro wesri-gi da gamarTuli samxedro qveganayofebi yofiliyvnen, ase ar moxdeboda, raodenobrivad Zalebi aq iyo. magram

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Cven jer xom naxevarsaxelmwifo varT, erTian armiamde Zalian Sors varT. yvelaferma gagraSi Tavis samSobloze usazRvrod Seyvarebuli, wminda, patrioti adamianebis zurgze gadaiara, bevri manTagni gmirulad daiRupa, ami-tom axla amaze laparaki – aman es ar gaakeTao, ar SeiZle-ba. ar iyo saSualeba da bevri ram amitomac ver gakeTda.

gagra, ganTiadi da leseliZe saqarTvelos karibWea. qarTveli kacisaTvis maTi daTmoba warmoudgenelia, verc davTmobT. amitom iq Seiqmna erTiani samxedro xe-lmZRvaneloba, romelsac saTaveSi Caudga yaryaraSvili, Tavisi StabiT. soxumSi imoqmedebs mTavari sakoordi-nacio Stabi avTandil cqitiSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT. mTavar Stabs daemorCileba yvela. marTvis es sistema unda mogvardes. cal-calke, Cans, saqmis gagrZeleba aRar ivargebs.

Seexo ra mis vertmfrenze Tavdasxmis faqts, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom dResac uWirs dajereba, rom viRacas SeuZlia aseT qmedobaze wavides. magram, vertm-frenTan dakavSirebiT momxdari faqti, rogorc Cans, reaqciuli Zalebis iseTi bolo Sansi iyo, – Tqva man, ro-melsac gagris movlenasTan erTad metad didi efeqti unda moexdina. iseTi efeqti, romelic arCevnebs namd-vilad CaSlida. magram es rom ar moxda, Cveni vertmfre-nis da sxva vertmfrenebis meTaurTa vaJkacobis da uma-Rlesi profesionalizmis Sedegia, maT namdvili gmiroba Caidines. imaze ufro didi avantiura, rac iq moxda, war-moudgenelia.

ruseTTan momavali urTierTobis sakiTxebze saubri-sas saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem xazi gausva am urT-ierTobis Tanasworuflebianobis niadagze ganviTarebis aucileblobas da aRniSna, rom sulac ar aris Zneli vin-mes urTierTobis saerTod gawyveta da amiT gmiris imi-jis Seqmna, magram ra Sedegebi mohyveba mas, arc es unda iyos Zneli amosacnobi. amasTan, nu gvaviwydeba isic, rom Cveni moraluri da zneobrivi saxe nebismieri gaWirve-bis Tu ubedurebis momentSi unda SevinarCunoT, ar unda davkargoT igi da Tu davkargeT, yovelnairad unda veca-

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doT aRvadginoT, radgan man unda gadagvarCinos. roca ruseTze vlaparakobT, im momentSi xom unda warmovidgi-noT saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvari, uzarmazari daucve-li sivrce, saidanac SesaZloa or wuTSi wagvlekon, Tuki moindomes da kargi urTierToba ar gveqna. ruseTTan kar-gi urTierTobis gareSe Cveni CrdiloeTis sazRvrebis dacva warmoudgenelia. principuli pozicia yovelTvis mTavari unda iyos Cvens politikaSi, magram realurobis SegrZneba, erTaderTi realuri gzis moZebnis unari ar unda davkargoT.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZe Seexo saqarTvelos saer-TaSoriso aRiarebis mniSvnelobas da aRniSna, rom imis fizikuri sazomi, rasac saeraSoriso faqtors vu-wodebT, ar arsebobs, magram mxari rom ar daeWira msof-lios, gaerTianebuli erebis organizacias, evropis saerTaSoriso organizaciebs, planetis udides saxelm-wifoebs, albaT ukve gadagvTelavdnen. ruseTis reaqci-uli wreebi, rom ityvian, pirdapir kbilebs ilesaven, rom angariSi gagvisworon, magram isic kargad ician, Tu ukidures agresiaze wavlen, maTi qveyana saerTaSoriso mxardaWeras dakargavs. es mxardaWera ki maTTvis aranak-leb aris saWiro – es gaxlavT 24 miliardi dolari e. i. didZali sursaTi, medikamentebi da a. S. amitom ver ga-dadgamen sabediswero nabijs, radgan saerTaSoriso faqtori udides rols asrulebs da misi mniSvneloba Zalian didia.

warmoidgineT ra moxdeboda, – ganagrZo saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, – rom gaeros generalur mdivans mxari ar daeWira, generaluri asambleis sxdomaze CvenT-vis ar moesminaT. magram es jer dasawyisia. win bevri ram aris gasakeTebeli, amitom marto emociebiT, marto grZnobebiT saubari ar SeiZleba. procesebi ise viTarde-ba, rom nato unda iqces udides mastabilizebel Zalad. Cven jer iq aravin migviRebs, magram aseT process Cven yovelTvis mxars davuWerT da mivesalmebiT, radgan axal wesrigzea laparaki da am wesrigSi Cvenc, Cvenma qvayanamac unda Seitanos da Seaqvs kidec Tavisi wvlili. Cven unda

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gavixsenoT saqarTvelos istoriac, roca Cveni winaprebi TviT mosisxle mtrebTanac ki saubrobdnen, mZevlobazec midiodnen, rom dro moegoT...

radiokomentatoris kiTxvaze, Tu rogoria wina-saarCevno situacia, saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem aRniSna: me didi imedi maqvs, rom arCevnebi Catardeba dasavleT saqarTveloSic, TviT leseliZesa da ganTiad-Sic, romlebic axla Zalian rTul mdgomareobaSi arian. maTTan saubarma damarwmuna, rom arCevnebze miva gagris zonidan aq ltolvili xalxi, sxvaTa Soris, isinic ki, vinc amJamad ruseTis teritoriaze gadavida, maTac ga-moTqves mzadyofna masobrivad Camovidnen da miiRon monawileoba arCevnebSi. unda aRvniSno, rom es adamiane-bi marto qarTvelebi rodi arian. aq axla somxebic arian da sxvebic. ase rom, aq erTsulovneba aris. did imeds min-ergavs soxumi, sadac erTxmad grgvinavda mravalaTasiani mitingi, rom arCevnebSi miiReben monawileobas.

gaWirvebaa samegrelos regionSi, – Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, – magram Tengiz kitovanis misiam es problema unda moxsnas. igi iq did da sasargeblo saqmia-nobas eweva. mas axla Zalebic hyavs, magram vfiqrob, maTi gamoyeneba ar iqneba aucilebeli. samegrelo unda damS-viddes, samegrelo ar unda iyos vinmes saTareSo mxare, is ar imsaxurebs amas. arCevnebi Cveni imedis arCevnebia, igi sruli wesrigis damyarebis garantias miscems Cvens xalxs, romelsac axla ukiduresad uWirs. Seferxebaa sursaTiT, navTobproduqtebiT momaragebaSi. iciT, am sakiTxebis ganxilvisas (amas Cven regularulad vakeTebT xolme) mrCeba iseTi STabeWdileba, rom es xalxi marto TavisTvis muSaobs, ver vityvi, rom sabotaJia, magram misi niSnebi ki namdvilad aris.

puriT mosaxleobis momaragebis gaumjobesebis RonisZiebebze saubris dros eduard SevardnaZem aRniS-na, rom puri axla meti cxveba, vidre adre, magram aris Seferxebebi mis mitanaSi, vaWrobaSi, aris siyalbis Ca-denis faqtebi, roca viTom puri gamomcxvaria, magram sinamdvileSi fqvili iyideba mamasisxlad da sxva aseT

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faqtebs ar unda SevurigdeT. Cveni Sesabamisi samsax-urebi axla yvelafers akeTeben imisaTvis, rom TandaTan SevqmnaT sasursaTo resursebis, xorblis resursebis maragi. simarTle giTxraT, me ar vapirebdi arCevnebis win raime gamosvlebs, magram albaT axla saWiro iqneba es gavakeTo, rom yvelafer amaze visaubroT da saerTod ganvsazRvroT, Tu ra etapze vimyofebiT, – Tqva dasas-ruls eduard SevardnaZem.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cveni­diagnozi,­rom­saqarTvelos­winaaRmdeg­SeTqmulebasTan­gvaqvs­saqme,­gagraSi­momxdarma­movlenebmac­daa-dastura­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 6­oqtomberi­–­N203­(482).­–­1,2­gv.

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ruseTis federaciis prezidents baton boris elcins

afxazeTis teritoriaze konfliqtis mowesrigebis Sesax-

eb qalaq moskovSi 1992 wlis 3 seqtembers miRweul morigebaTa

miuxedavad, romelsac xeli moaweres ruseTisa da saqarTvelos

delegaciebma afxazeTisa da CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublikebis

warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT:

1. grZeldeba saqarTvelos respublikis teritoriaze ruseTis

federaciis teritoriidan eqstremistebisa da daqiravebulebis

nakadis Semosvla, rac xels uwyobs konfliqtis eskalacias.

2. afxazeTis ukanono samxedro formirebebs am bolo dReeb-

Si gauCndaT yovelgvari oficialuri xelSekrulebebiT gauT-

valiswinebeli mZime samxedro teqnika, ramac saSualeba misca maT

daerRviaT samxrivi komisiis gadawyvetilebani da gadasuliyvnen

Setevaze qalaq gagris raionSi.

3. afxazeTis konfliqtis mSvidobiani mowesrigebis samxrivma

komisiam ar Seasrula misTvis dakisrebuli movaleobani am komi-

siis ruseTis mxaris mizeziT, romelmac faqtobrivad xeli Seuwyo

sabrZolo moqmedebis eskalacias qalaq gagris raionSi.

zemoTqmulis safuZvelze saqarTvelos respublikis saxelm-

wifo sabWo moiTxovs afxazeTis ukanono samxedro formirebisaT-

vis sabrZolo maragisa da teqnikis nakadis dauyovnebliv Sewyve-

tas da ruseTis mxaris mier moskovis xelSekrulebis ganuxrel

Sesrulebas;

moskovis xelSekrulebis Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi saqa-

rTvelos saxelmwifo sabWo itovebs uflebas moiTxovos saqa-

rTvelos respublikis teritoriidan ruseTis federaciis mTe-

li SeiaraRebuli Zalebis sruli gayvana da misTvis Sesabamisi

morigebebiT gaTvaliswinebuli iaraRis mTeli kvotis gadacema.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomaree.­SevardnaZe.

ruseTis­ federaciis­ prezidents­ baton­ boris­ elcins­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­6­oqtomberi­–­N203­(482).­–­2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZis preskonferencia

6 oqtombers saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmj-domarem eduard SevardnaZem gamarTa preskonferencia qarTveli da ucxoeli JurnalistebisaTvis, romelic mieZRvna afxazeTSi momxdar ukanasknel movlenebs. am movlenebis gaanalizebisas, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom yovelive es uqmnis safrTxes saqarTvelos terito-riul mTlianobas. afxaz separatistTa mizania CamoaSo-ros afxazi saqarTvelos da SeuerTon igi meore saxel-mwifos. qarTveli xalxi arasdros ar Seurigdeba amas, radgan afxazeTi saqarTvelos mkvidri teritoriaa da misi mosaxleobis naxevars qarTvelebi Seadgenen. amave dros, separatistebs aqvT didi mxardaWera ara marto kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederaciis saxiT, romelic teroristuli organizaciaa, aramed im reaqciul Za-lebis mxridanac, sakmaod didi gavlena rom aqvT ruseTis parlamentSi. yvela am Zalam daiwyo moqmedeba saqarTve-los winaaRmdeg.

aRsaniSnavia, Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem, rom separatizmis axali afeTqeba gamoiwvies ruseTis parlamentis am cota xnis winaT gakeTebulma gancxadebam da mis mier miRebulma dadgenilebam, romlebsac aSkarad antiqarTuli xasiaTi aqvT. samwuxarod, moxda ise, rom 3 seqtembris moskovis Sexvedris saboloo dokumenti ara Tu ar Sesruldeba, aramed igi separatistebma eqstrem-istebma gamoiyenes saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg, radgan am dokumentis farglebSi saqarTvelom erTisamad Seamcira Tavisi samxedro potenciali afxazeTSi, afxazeTis mxare ki zrdida Tavis Zalebs CrdiloeT kavkasiidan daqirave-bulTa mozidvis gziT. ver gaarTva Tavi Tavis amocanas afxazeTSi kontrolisa da inspeqciis komisiamac. afxaze-Tis mxares ar Seusrulebia misi arcerTi gadawyvetileba, piriqiT, mas gadaeca uaxloesi t-72 da t-80 tipis tanke-bi, sahaero sazenito kompleqsebi, romlebic saerTod ara aqvT SeiaraRebaSi saqarTvelos jarebs. amave dros, generlebma – ruseTis xelmZRvanelobis warmomadgen-

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lebma, romlebic gudauTaSi mokalaTebulan, yvelaferi iRones imisaTvis, rom daemyarebinaT ruseTis jarebis monopolia sahaero sivrceSi. ufro metic, rogorc cno-bili gaxda, swored es generlebi iyvnen afxazeTis mxaris mTavari mrCevlebi. yovelive amas umZimesi Sedegebi mo-hyva: aTobiT moklulis, asobiT daWrilis gamoyvana ver moxerxda, samxedro operaciebi ver iqna uzrunvelyofi-li saTanado doneze. aSkaraa, rom am aliansis erT-erTi mizania CaSalon saqarTvelos parlamentis arCevnebi, ma-gram yovelive amis miuxedavad, mtkiced mwams, rom arCev-nebi uTuod gaimarTeba.

Seexo ra SeTqmulebas saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom zemoTqmuli ar exe-ba ruseTis prezidents boris elcins. amave dros, Tqva man, ar SemiZlia ar gamovTqva erTi SeniSvna misi dRevan-deli gancxadebis gamo, romelSic naTqvamia, rom igi ar dauSvebs rusulenovani mosaxleobis uflebaTa Selax-vas.

magram, maSin xom SeiZleba gavamarTloT nebismieri agresia da aneqsia, SeniSna eduard SevardnaZem. unda iTqvas, rom saqarTveloSi cxovrobis 500 aTasi rusi da maTgan arcerTs ar emuqreba raime safrTxe. isini sargebloben iseTive uflebebiT, rogorc qarTvelebi, saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi sxva erovnebaTa warmomadgen-lebi. prezidentis gancxadebis es nawili biZgs aZlevs reaqciuli Zalebis moqmedebas, Tqva saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem. imis miuxedavad, rom mSvidobiani molapa-rakebis rezervebi amowurulia, mimaCnia, rom brZola problemis mSvidobiani gziT gadaWrisaTvis Cven ar unda SevwyvitoT – daaskvna man.

eduard­SevardnaZem­upasuxa­JurnalistTa­kiTxvebs.

eduard­SevardnaZis­preskonferencia­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­7­oqtomberi­–­N204­(483).­–­1­gv.

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vaSenoT axali, demokratiuli saqarTvelo

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Tav mjdomaris baton eduard SevardnaZis sityva

res publikis mecnierebaTa akademiis winasaarCevno krebaze 1992 wlis 9 oqtombers

qalbatonebo da batonebo! megobrebo!am dabrbazSi me pirvelad ar mixdeba gamosvla da bed-

nieri var, rom aq, dRevandeli Sexvedris monawileTa So-ris vxedav adamianebs, romlebTanac makavSirebs mravali wlis erToblivi muSaoba, erToblivi moRvaweoba Cveni erisa da Cveni samSoblos, qarTuli mecnierebis sakeTil-dReod. vxedav bevr Tanamoazres, zogierT oponentsac, rac savsebiT gasagebi da savsebiT misaRebia. es erTi, meore. me ar misargeblia saarCevno komisiis mier dawe-sebuli, dakanonebuli teleradiogadacemebis droiT, romelic parlamentis deputatobis, am SemTxvevaSi, par-lamentis Tavmjdomareobis kandidats ekuTvnis, gasagebi mizezebis gamo, me verc im uflebebiT visargeble, rom, ase vTqvaT, winasaarCevno mogzauroba momewyo saqarTve-loSi sxvadasxva raionebSi, sxvadasxva kuTxeebSi. amitom, bevri ram, rac unda Tqmuliyo, adre ver iTqva.

am da sxva mizezebis gamo, dRevandeli Cemi gamosvla vrceli iqneba. axla iseTi rTuli viTarebaa, rom grZeli sityvebis da vrceli moxsenebebis dro ar aris, magram saTqmeli unda iTqvas. droa Cveni imdenad rTuli da im-denad Zneli, rom Cemi warmodgeniT, politikis, ekono-mikis, kulturis ZiriTad problemebze kandidatma amom-rCevlebis winaSe Tavisi mosazrebebi unda Camoayalibos.

Tu sityva gamigrZelda, winaswar gixdiT madlobas moTminebisa da sulgrZelobisaTvis.

mesame. did madlobas mogaxsenebT imisTvis, rom swored aq, mecnierebis am taZarSi momiwvieT da swored dRevandel auditoriasTan, TqvenTan aris dakavSirebu-li Cemi winasaarCevno gamosvla da Sexvedra amomrCev-lebTan.

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arCevnebamde darCa oriode dRe. minda gagiziaroT Cemi fiqrebi, azrebi, STabeWdilebebi mimdinare politi-kuri movlenebis Sesaxeb Cemi Sexedulebebi, saqarTvelos saSinao da sagareo, geopolitikur mdgomareobaze, mo-mavlis perspeqtivebze.

uneburad didi ilia WavWavaZe maxsendeba: aba, „ra giTxraT, riT gagaxaroT?!“ irgvliv mZvinvarebs ekonomi-kuri krizisi, inflacia, devalvacia, politikuri SuRli da eTnikuri aSliloba, ZmaTamkvleli omi, umuSevroba, deficiti, sulier da zneobriv RirebulebaTa devalva-cia, magram imave dros mimdinareobs didi istoriuli gardatexis procesi: erTi socialur-ekonomikuri for-macia icvleba meoreTi. es revoluciuri procesia, aseT process mudam Tan axlavs konfliqtebi, kataklizmebi. arc Cveni qveyanaa gamonaklisi.

saWiroa ekonomikurad da socialurad destabili-zirebul yofierebaSi civilizebuli, demokratiuli wesrigis Setana, amitom parlamentisa da misi Tavmjdom-aris arCevnebis Catareba istoriul aucileblobas war-moadgens. amas moiTxovs xalxi demokratiis, socialuri samarTlionobis, xelisuflebis konstituciuri legit-imaciis principebis Sesabamisad.

erTis mxriv, metad Znelia cxel kvalze mimdinare rTuli politikuri momentis amomwuravi fundamenturi daxasiaTeba. saWiroa istoriuli distancia, movlenaTa mizez-Sedegobrivi analizi, magram, meore mxriv, poli-tikuri strategiisa da taqtikis SemuSaveba SeuZlebe-lia Tanamedrove konkretul-istoriuli etapis sworad gansazRvris gareSe. amitom unda vicodeT ra droSi vcx-ovrobT, istoriis romel monakveTze vimyofebiT, saiT mivdivarT, rogor gavacnobieroT sinamdvile da ra gze-bi arsebobs misi gardaqmnisaTvis.

ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etapze or tendenciaze unda vilaparakoT: negatiursa da pozitiurze. Zveli ekonomika, saxelmwifo da marTlwesrigi daingra, axali jerjerobiT aSenebuli ar aris. aqedan momdinareobs Rrma politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri krizisi,

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destruqciuli, reaqciuli Zalebis aqtivoba, eTnokon-fliqtebi da a.S.

imave dros, negatiuri procesebis miRma da maT gver-diT viTardeba istoriuli mniSvnelobis pozitiuri procesebi: saqarTvelos damoukideblobis mopoveba da misi cnoba msoflios umravlesi qveynebis mier, suverenu-li erovnuli saxelmwifos formirebis procesis dawye-ba, gaerosa da sxva prioritetul saerTaSoriso orga-nizaciebSi gawevrianeba, diplomatiuri urTierTobebis damyareba, saelCoebis Seqmna, kursis aReba Tavisufali sabazro ekonomikis ganviTarebaze, demokratiuli plu-ralizmis damkvidreba, diqtaturis uaryofa.

aucilebelia am ori tendenciis Camoyalibebis ga-momwvevi mizezebis Rrma Semecneba da maTi ganviTarebis ZiriTadi arsis wvdoma. dRevandel etapze, rogorc ar unda gviWirdes mainc mTavaria pozitiuri istoriuli tendenciebi, isini dRiTidRe gaZlierdebian da momava-li maT ekuTvniT. es procesebi Seuqcevadia. negatiuri movlenebi ki meoradia, politikuri brZolis dialeqti-kaSi maT garkveulad aqtiuri, magram obieqturad mainc daqvemdebarebuli pozicia uWiravT, Cven darwmunebule-bi varT, rom keTilisa da borotis brZolaSi pozitiu-ri gaimarjvebs. movlenebis aseT principul gagebazea agebuli Cveni politika, misi strategia da taqtika. ami-tom me gTavazobT socialuri da istoriuli optimizmis politikas.

es axali cneba, romelic axla mkvidrdeba qarTul politikasa da politologiaSi, genetikurad garkveu-lad enaTesaveba cnobil filosofiur da politikur doqtrinas – „amerikul ocnebas“, politikaSi realizmi-sa da ekonomikaSi pragmatizmis filosofias, magram is mainc saqarTvelos demokratiuli saxelmwifos damou-kidebeli, TviTmyofadi politikis fenomenia da garkveu-li TvalsazrisiT Cvens axal politikur orientirebze migvaniSnebs.

1991 wlis dekember-1992 wlis ianvris movlenebi ara marto dRes, aramed momavalSic iqneba mecnieruli gaaz-

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rebisa da politikuri Sefasebis, SesaZloa diskusiebisa da davis saganic. amitom gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas vaniWebT am movlenebis Sefasebas arCevnebis win, sadRei-sod da samomavlod, arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, Tu ra orientacias vaZlevT dRes ers da ra memkvidreobas vutovebT Cven momaval Taobebs.

ra pluralisturic ar unda iyos Sefasebebi, mTavari mainc is aris, rom dekember-ianvris movlenebis dros qa-rTvelma xalxma moaxdina istoriulad mniSvnelovani arCevani qveynis demokratiuli gziT ganviTarebis sa-sargeblod, dagmo da daamxo avtoritarizmi da diqtat-ura.

am saerTo-saxalxo moZraobaSi sxva progresul Za-lebTan erTad gansakuTrebuli roli iTamaSes saqarTve-los inteligenciam, mecnierebma, mwerlebma, msaxiobebma, kompozitorebma, mxatvrebma, Teatrisa da kinos moR-vaweebma, Jurnalistebma, saqarTvelos saxelovanma ax-algazrdobam, studentobam. maT realurad gviCvenes, Tu rogor iqmneba eris namdvili istoria.

gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos im politikuri par-tiebis, politikur-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis roli, romlebmac gadaWriT dauWires mxari saqarTve-los demokratiuli ganviTarebis kurss.

mdidaria da mravalferovani, uaRresad Taviseburia saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba XX saukuneSi, gansakuTrebiT 80-iani da 90-ian wlebSi. is qarTveli xalxis mravalsaukunovani, saxelovani ganmaT-avisuflebeli brZolis nawilia, misi axali etapia. unda daiweros obieqturi istoria. es momavlis saqmea, magram dRes garkveviT unda iTqvas, rom es moZraoba mTeli qa-rTveli xalxis kuTvnilebaa. saqarTvelos istorias mTe-li qarTveli eri qmnis.

didi roli Seasrules cnobilma politikurma da sazogado moRvaweebma, batonma Tengiz siguam, batonma Tengiz kitovanma da batonma jaba ioselianma da sxveb-ma, romlebic saTaveSi Caudgnen gvardiisa da mxedrionis revoluciurad da patriotulad ganwyobil razmebs,

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xalxis masebis brZolas demokratiisa da Tavisuflebi-saTvis.

aq me yvela moRvawes da gmirs ver davasaxeleb. did-ia maTi ricxvi. erovnuli matiane, istoria Tavis sityvas ityvis amis Sesaxeb, yvelas miuzRavs damsaxurebisamebr.

pativi da dideba yvelas, vinc Tavi dasdo eris Tavi-suflebisa da damoukideblobisaTvis, yvelas, vinc icav-da demokratias, qarTul enas, qarTul kulturas, saqa-rTvelos TviTmyofadobas, muSas, glexs, inteligents, students, yvela mamuliSvils.

me vfiqrob, rom politika mecnieruli safuZvlebis gareSe ar arsebobs, Tavisufali sabazro ekonomika – go-nivruli demokratiuli politikis gareSe, zogadsak-acobrio morali politikaSi ki TviT politikaze metad unda fasobdes. am kriteriumebiTa da postulatebiT vudgebi me socialur-ekonomikur da socialur-politi-kur situaciaSi momxdar cvlilebebs.

SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom Cveni winasaarCevno kreba saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiaSi tardeba, – iq, sa-dac koncentrirebulia eris inteleqtualuri poten-ciali.

istoriisa da politologiis problematikis da-muSavebaSi Tavisi sityva unda Tqvan mecnierebaTa aka-demiis institutebma da sxva samecniero centrebma.

saWiroa saqarTveloSi momxdari movlenebis mamoZ-ravebeli socialuri, demokratiuli Zalebis istori-uli da politikuri Sefaseba. yovelive amis Teoriuli da meTodologiuri gaazreba Sesabamisi politikuri koncefciis Camoyalibebas moiTxovs.

mowmea msoflio istoria, xSirad logikuri da is-toriuli kategoriebi erTmaneTs ar emTxveva, magram absoluturad logikuri iyo is rac moxda saqarTvelo-Si dekembris bolosa da ianvris dasawyisSi. am Zneli arCevaniT qarTvelma xalxma daadastura, rom is Sorsm-Wvreteli da brZeni eria, unari aqvs movlenaTa swrafi analizisa da naxevrad qaosur mdgomareobaSic ki swori orientirebisa.

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Zvelma parlamentma, yofilma prezidentma ver gaamar-Tles xalxis ndoba, ver Seasrules TavianTi politiku-ri, konstituciuri, socialuri funqcia, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos aSenebis nacvlad kursi avtoritaruli re-Jimis Seqmnaze aiRes, riTac ganapirobes uprecedento ekonomikuri da politikuri krizisis Seqmna da savsebiT logikurad Camovidnen istoriis arenidan. es kanonzom-ieri movlena iyo, iseve rogorc kanonzomieri iyo samxe-dro sabWos transformireba xelisuflebis axal organ-od – saxelmwifo sabWod, raTa niadagi momzadebuliyo parlamentis axali arCevnebis gasamarTavad.

gvindoda damfuZnebeli erovnuli krebis mowveva, referendumis da plebiscitis Catareba, magram, samwux-arod, saqarTveloSi Seqmnilma eqstremalurma situaci-am, politikurma da ekonomikurma terorma da sabotaJma, banditizmma, destabilizaciam, destruqciuli reaqci-uli Zalebis moqmedebam amis saSualeba ar mogvca.

gaCnda samoqalaqo omis ramdenime kera, magram axalma xelisuflebam lokalur samoqalaqo konfliqtebs tota-lur socialur ubedurebaSi gadazrdis saSualeba ar misca.

dRes reaqciuli Zalebi parlamentis arCevnebis CaSliT gvemuqrebian, magram darwmunebuli brZandebo-deT, Cven maT amis saSualebas ar mivcemT. unda gadavarCi-noT demokratia da Tavisufleba! – aseTia Cveni mrwamsi da moqmedebis programa.

politikaSi mudam arsebobs gadasalaxavi rubikoni. saxelmwifo sabWo alternativis winaSe idga:

demokratiuli marTvis romeli forma SemogveRo, sap-rezidento Tu saparlamento respublika?

ratom miveciT upiratesoba saparlamento mmarTve-lobas?

mxolod imitom, rom is ufro gamoricxavs diqtat-uris yovelgvar SesaZleblobas da yvela safuZvels qm-nis Tavisuflebasa da demokratiis dasamkvidreblad, Zlieri, demokratiuli xelisuflebis Sesaqmnelad.

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aseTia mokled politikuri preludia, rac uZRo-da win axali, Tavisufali, demokratiuli saqarTvelos aSenebas, misi ekonomikisa da kulturis renesansis, aRo-rZinebis erovnuli programis SemuSavebis etaps. Cven axla am etapze vimyofebiT.

me mogaxsenebT, rom saWiroa vixsnaT demokratia da Tavisufleba. demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis xsnis upir-velesi garanti qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebaa.

neba miboZeT oriode sityva mogaxsenoT saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis zogierT strategiul mimar-Tulebaze.

II

saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi mimdinareobs totalita-ruli ekonomikuri sistemis rRvevisa da Tavisufal sa-bazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis rTuli da winaaRmdego-brivi procesi. politika da ekonomika sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis ori dedaboZia, maT erTianobaSia saxelmwi-fos Zlierebis garantia.

arCevnebma, momavalma parlamentma xeli unda Seu-wyon sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis tempebis daCqare-bas, axali, erovnuli ekonomikis Tanamedrove modelisa da sistemis Seqmnasa da cxovrebaSi ganxorcielebas.

yovelgvari politika SesaZlebelis xelovnebaa, miT umetes ekonomikuri politika. meti pragmatizmi da re-alizmi gvmarTebs ekonomikur politikaSi.

Cven ukve gvaqvs mravalwyobiani ekonomika, saxelm-wifo da kerZo seqtori, Tumca maTi Sefardeba imdenad optimaluri ar aris, Tanamedrove sabazro ekonomikis moTxovnebi rom daakmayofilos.

saerTo tendencia aseTia: saxelmwifo seqtoris roli TandaTanobiT klebulobs, Zlierdeba kerZo se-qtori, ekonomikis yvela sferoSi mkvidrdeba sabazro urTierToba, marketingi – bazris ekonomikuri filo-sofia. es TavisTavad didi monapovaria, Tumca saTanado efeqti jerjerobiT ara gvaqvs.

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Cveni ganviTarebis pirvel etapze saxelmwifo seqto-ri garkveul dadebiT rols Seasrulebs. misi totalu-ri moSla TviTmizani ki ar aris, mis beds ara partiebis da politikosebis subieqturi damokidebuleba, aramed ekonomikuri da socialuri ganviTarebis obieqturi moTxovnileba, istoriuli aucilebloba gansazRvravs.

saxelmwifo seqtori sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi sulac ar niSnavs totalitaruli saxelmwifo rudimen-tis SenarCunebas. Zlieri saxelmwifos seqtori maRal-ganviTarebuli sabazro ekonomikis qveynebisTvisac aris damaxasiaTebeli.

gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom saxelmwifo sakuTrebi-sadmi, ufro sworad saxalxo qonebisadmi is barbarosu-li damokidebuleba, romelsac axla aqvs adgili saqarT-veloSi, udides zians ayenebs axali tipis ekonomikaze gadasvlis process.

pirveli etapi. ekonomikuri krizisidan gmosvlis kompleqsur RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebis etapia da is drois SedarebiT mokle monakveTs – 2-3 weliwads moi-cavs, im periods sanam funqcionirebs axali parlamenti (parlamenti 3 wliT airCeva). es aris sabazro ekonomikis ZiriTadad Camoyalibebis programa.

meore etapi. meore etapi iTvaliswinebs sabazro ekonomikis sruli masStabiT amoqmedebas, erovnuli da regionaluri bazris formirebas, saerTaSoriso bazarze stabilurad gasvlas, konkurentunariani produqci-is warmoebas msoflio standartebis doneze, saTanado sagadasaxado da sabaJo sistemebis Seqmnas, erovnuli bazris gajerebisa da dacvis gonivruli politikis pri-oritetebis gansazRvras da ganxorcielebas, mTeli rigi sxva faqtorebis amoqmedebas.

pirveli etapis programa ZiriTadad xorcieldeba samaneTo ekonomikur sivrceSi.

meore etapi ekonomikis stabilizaciisa da Semdgomi ganviTarebis perspeqtiuli modelia da is moicavs ufro xangrZliv periods, saukunis dasasrulamde, 2000 wlam-de. meore etapi es aris sabazro ekonomikis sabolood

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damkvidrebis, evropisa da msoflio ekonomikaSi saqarT-velos ekonomikis integraciis kompleqsur RonisZiebaTa sistemuri ganxorcielebis periodi.

ra ZiriTadi parametrebi axasiaTebs meore tipis programas? axali optimaluri erovnuli ekonomikis modelis Seqmna, orientacia msoflio standartebze, sabanko da safinanso sistemebis kardinaluri refor-ma, axali sainvesticio politikis SemuSaveba, ucxouri kapitalis momgebiani dabandeba saqarTvelos ekonomi-kaSi, erovnuli da regionaluri bazris demokratiuli marTvis sistemis Seqmna, eqsportisa da importis racio-naluri formireba, sagareo ekonomikur urTierTobaTa srulyofa da a.S.

meore etapis programam saukunis bolomde unda uz-runvelyos maneTis ekonomikuri sivrcidan upiratesad dolarisa da sxva Tavisuflad konvertirebuli saer-TaSoriso valutis ekonomikur sivrceSi gasvla, axali qarTuli fulis SemoReba da misi kursis ganmtkiceba.

sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi saqarTvelos ekonomikis gaerTianebis srulyofili, mecnierulad dasabuTebuli modelis Seqmna mTeli eris inteleqtual-uri potencialis saqmea.

dRes ekonomikuri situacia rogorc saqarTveloSi, aseve samaneTo ekonomikuri sivrcis qveynebSi imdenad rTuli da winaaRmdegobrivia, rom metad Znelia mov-lenebis Rrma ganWvreta da ZiriTad tendenciaTa zusti prognozireba.

erTi mxriv, arsebobs sruli politikuri, ekonomi-kuri da socialuri pluralizmi, meore mxriv, arCevanis SesaZlebloba SezRudulia obieqturi pirobebiT, de-terminirebulia sinamdviliT, istoriuli aucileblo-biT arsebuli droiT da logikiT, amitom uaxloes etapze ver gadawydeba axali ekonomikis Seqmnis yvela funda-menturi sakiTxi da seriozuli politikosi amas xalxs verc dapirdeba, radganac yovelive es pirvel etapze ararealuria. es problemebi radikaluri ekonomikuri reformis meore etapze unda gadawydes. dRes ukve mim-

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dinareobs radikaluri ekonomikuri reforma, saWiroa am procesis daCqareba.

roca vaxorcielebT radikalur ekonomikur refor-mas, Cven, ra Tqma unda, veyrdnobiT saerTaSoriso Tana-megobrobis mxardaWeras, magram, upirveles yovlisa, sakuTar ekonomikur baziss, sakuTar xalxs da saxelmwi-fos. mTavaria sakuTari resursebisa da Zalebis raciona-luri gamoyeneba.

dRes sakiTxTa sakiTxia, rogor davaRwioT Tavi ekonomikur kriziss? minda gagiziaroT zogierTi mosaz-reba.

pirveli. mTavaria orientacia sabazro ekonomika-ze. radikaluri ekonomikuri reforma unda ganvaxor-cieloT msoflio civilizaciis miRwevebis gaTvalis-winebiT, magram aramc da aramc ucxoeTis ekonomikuri, meurneobrivi matricebisa da modelebisadmi brma mib-aZviT, maTi meqanikuri gadmonergviT qarTul niadagze. Cven gvWirdeba msoflio miRwevebisa da saqarTvelos meurneobrivi, ekonomikuri sinamdvilis integracia, ma-Ti sinTezi. ar gvWirdeba mesame „gansakuTrebuli gzis“ Zebna, magram arc saqarTvelos sinamdvilis ignorireba gvmarTebs.

saWiroa ucxoeTis qveynebis sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis umdidresi gamocdilebis sagnobrivi Seswav-la, rogorc ityvian, fanqriT xelSi. amiT Cven gveZleva saSualeba ar gavimeoroT sxvisi Secdomebi, viswavloT axal ekonomikur sistemaze gadasvlis umoklesi gzebiT siaruli. me mimaCnia, magaliTad, is gamocdileba, romel-ic daagroves aRmosavleT evropis qveynebma, gansakuTre-biT, poloneTma, CexeT-slovakeTma da ungreTma, mniS-vnelovania da gamosadegi CvenTvis.

meore. unda gaviTvaliswinoT istoriis gakveTile-bi. sabazro ekonomikisa da misi infrastruqturis mSen-eblobis programis ganxorcielebisas ar unda davadgeT izolacionizmis gzas, rogorc es wina xelisuflebas mouvida. izolacionizmi damRupvelia.

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mesame. yovlad gamoricxulia totalitaruli cen-tralizebul-gegmiuri ekonomikisaken mibruneba. amas me xazs vusvam imisaTvis, rom bevri laparakobs erTs da akeTebs meores, muSaobs isev Zveli inerciiT. sabazro meurneobisaken aRebuli politikuri kursi Seuqceva-dia, momavali mas ekuTvnis.

radikaluri, Rrmad gaazrebuli, mecnierulad dasabuTebuli ekonomikuri reformis, Tavisufali me-warmeobis, privatizaciis ganviTarebis gziT! – aseTia Cveni arCevani da Cveni pasuxi zogierTi politikuri partiisa da organizaciis, saxelmwifo sabWos wevris Tu amomrCevlis eWvebsa da emociebze, agreTve ukacravad pa-suxia, zogierTi populistisa da socialuri demagogis gamoxtomebze da gamosvlebze. es politika Camoyali-bebulia erTniSnad da Tavisufalia yovelgvari oraz-rovnebisagan.

meoTxe. saWiroa stabilizacia, inflaciisa da de-valvaciis daZleva. es ki mxolod safinanso da fuladi sistemis radikaluri reformis Sedegad aris SesaZlebe-li. unda avamoqmedoT damoukidebeli fulad-sakredito meqanizmi, avamaRloT sabanko sistemis efeqtianoba.

mexuTe. aucilebelia fasebis politikis Teoriisa da praqtikis damuSaveba sabazro ekonomikis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. momaragebiTi da gamanawilebeli sistemis nacvlad unda SemoviRoT Tavisufali vaWroba, TandaT-anobiT, etapobrivi gziT, kanonzomierad unda movxsnaT saxelmwifo SezRudvebi fasebze, sameurneo kavSirebze, eqsportsa da importze, sagareo-ekonomikur urTierTo-baze. gansakuTrebuli zrunvis sagania eqsportis stim-ulireba. am mxriv SevecdebiT originaluri da gabeduli sistema SemogTavazoT.

meeqvse. saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtorebSi unda gan-vaviTaroT Tavisufali mewarmeoba, gegmazomierad davaC-qaroT privatizacia. sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlisaT-vis saWiroa SevqmnaT marTvis saTanado struqturebi, Sesabamisi institucionaluri wanamZRvrebi.

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meSvide. gadaudebeli saqmea ekonomikis yvela seqto-ris demonopolizacia da decentralizacia da am gziT konkretul, Tavisufal sabazro urTierTobaTa ganvi-Tareba. ra Tqma unda, saxelmwifo struqturebis, maT So-ris, saministroebis, departamentebis funqciebis sru-li Secvla, kardinaluri Secvla. dRes es struqturebi praqtikulad aferxeben sabazro ekonomikis principebze gadasvlas. yvelaferi axleburad unda gaiazros Cvenma parlamentma, misma Tavmjdomarem da axalma mTavrobam. am mxriv arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs saxelmwifo sabWos dekrets monopoliuri saqmianobis SezRudvisa da konkurenciis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, romelic amas winaT miviReT.

merve. saWiroa erovnuli ekonomikis struqturis reforma, ekonomikur politikaSi prioritetul mimar-Tulebis swori gansazRvra da stimulireba, saqarTve-los ekonomikisa da msoflio ekonomikis integraciuli procesebis ganviTareba, msoflio da regionalur ba-zrebSi SeRweva da iq damkvidreba, samamulo warmoebis produqciis konkurentunarianobis amaRlebis, market-ingis, sabazro koniunqturis Seswavlisa da gamoyenebis gziT. axla Cven es SeiZleba maRalfardovan frazebad gveCveneba, magram 2-3 wlis Semdeg yvelaferi es realoba iqneba. Cven mogvixdeba swored realurad vibrZoloT am poziciebze gadasvlisaTvis.

mecxre. aucilebelia arsebuli ekonomikuri defor-maciebis daZleva, araefeqtiani sawarmoebis TandaTano-biT Sekveca, maTi racionaluri reorganizacia, krizisis pirobebSi perspeqtiuli sawarmoebisaTvis finansuri daxmarebis gaweva, optimaluri proteqcionizmis poli-tikis Camoyalibeba da a.S.

ekonomikis dargSi pirveli da meore etapebis pro-gramaTa ganxorcielebas, vfiqrobT didad Seuwyobs xels ucxouri kreditebisa da ucxouri investiciebis dargSi gonivruli politikis gatareba. aucilebelia ucxouri investiciebis stimulireba. ucxouri kapitalis racio-naluri da gabeduli mozidvisa da efeqtianad gamoy-

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enebis gareSe SeuZlebelia laparaki ekonomikis swraf ganviTarebaze.

ucxouri finansuri daxmarebis misaRebad aucilebe-lia saerTaSoriso kontaqtebis gafarToeba, ucxouri kapitalis xelsayreli dabandeba saqarTvelos ekonomi-kaSi, investiciebisaTvis saTanado pirobebis Seqmna, gan-sakuTrebuli civilizebuli ekonomikuri wesrigis dam-yareba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ucxoeli biznesmenebi ar daabandeben TavianT kapitals respublikaSi.

saqarTvelo dRes saerTaSoriso sabanko-safinanso da sakredito organizaciebis, maT Soris msoflio bank-isa da saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis wevria. es didi warmatebaa, magram saWiroa maTTan nayofieri TanamSrom-loba, mniSvnelovani proeqtebis SemuSaveba da ucxouri kapitalis mozidva maT dasafinanseblad, investorTa daintereseba.

unda CamovayaliboT dasavleTis tipis Ria ekono-mikuri sistema, raTa SevqmnaT safuZveli saqarTvelos ekonomikis evropul da msoflio ekonomikur sistemebSi efeqtianad integrirebisaTvis.

uaxloes kvireebSi unda damTavrdes ucxoeTis inves-ticiebis Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis SemuSaveba. saWiroa ucxoeTis investiciebis grandiozuli stimulireba. amasTan unda gvaxsovdes, rom zedmetia laparaki respub-likis ekonomikaSi ucxoeTis kapitalis seriozul daban-debaze politikuri arastabilurobisa da rTuli krimi-nogenuri mdgomareobis pirobebSi.

xeli unda SevuwyoT eqsperimentis wesiT Tavisufa-li ekonomikuri zonebis Seqmnas. msoflioSi am mxriv mdidari gamocdilebaa dagrovili da amgvar ekonomikur saqmianobas didi momavali aqvs.

gansakuTrebuli politikis gatareba mogviwevs yo-fil sabWoTa respublikebTan, romlebic dRes damou-kidebel qveynebs warmoadgenen. saWiroa maTTan ormx-rivi urTierTxelsayreli xelSekrulebis gaformeba, zedmeti ekonomikuri da politikuri barierebis moxs-na, maqsimalurad liberaluri pirobebis SenarCuneba,

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radganac winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi davkargavT dRevandel Cvens ekonomikasTan istoriulad adaptirebul uzarma-zar da ekonomikurad xelsayrel bazars, sanedleulo resursebs, rasac Tanamedrove pirobebSi, radikaluri reformis pirvel etapze sasicocxlo mniSvneloba aqvs Cveni ekonomikis normalurad funqcionirebisaTvis.

SemuSavebulia da xorcieldeba saxelmwifo qonebis privatizaciis programa. mas Tavisi strategia da taq-tika gaaCnia: is iTvaliswinebs socialuri jgufebis in-teresebis gonivrul balanss, magram xSirad spontanur xasiaTs atarebs da amdenad aucilebelia privatizaciis samarTlebrivi regulireba civilizebuli kanonmde-blobis doneze. es pirvel rigSi axali parlamentis mov-aleobaa.

aq or tendeciasTan gvaqvs saqme: erTi mxric, saba-zro ekonomikis Seqmnis daCqarebis mizniT saWiroa Ria konkursebisa da auqcionebis saSualebiT pirvel rigSi wvrili sawarmoebis da momsaxurebis sferos obieqtebis swrafi gayidva, Wianurdeba es procesi. da unda giTx-raT, rom praqtikulad bevri sawarmo ukve gayidulia, kulisebSi xdeba es yvelaferi, bevrgan darCa mxolod saxelmwifo abra da es imis gamo moxda, rom Cven davagvi-aneT, ver movaxerxeT droze dagvewyo es procesi. meore mxriv, unda daviwyoT didi sawarmoebis aqcionireba. ukve gamoqveynebulia saprivatizaciod gamoqveynebuli sawarmoebis nusxa.

amJamad mimdinareobs SerCeviTi privatizacia. es pirveli etapia. axlo momavalSi, meore etapze, unda dai-wyos masobrivi privatizacia. es gardauvali procesia, amas moiTxovs ekonomikis sasicocxlo interesebi. pri-vatizaciis ganxorcielebisaTvis aucileblad migvaCnia: pirveli, ufaso saprivatizacio anabrebis, vauCerebis gacema. erTi mxriv, es niSnavs socialuri samarTlia-nobis principebis ganxorcielebas, radgan TiToeuli mcxovrebi iRebs Tavis wils (vauCeris saxiT) im saxalxo qonebidan, romelic privaticaziis programiT gaiyide-

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ba da kerZo seqtorSi gadava. meore mxriv, yovel mcx-ovrebs saSualeba eZleva SeiZinos aqciebi da garkveuli tipis mesakuTre gaxdes. meore, sawarmoTa muSakebs unda mieniWoT erTgvari prioriteti, mieceT garkveuli wili Tavisi sawarmos sakuTrebaSi, SevuqmnaT SeRavaTiani pirobebi sawarmos qonebis SesaZenad, davicvaT ufro konkurentunarian mdidarTa ekonomikuri eqspansiisa-gan. mesame, privatizaciaSi monawileobis ufleba unda mivceT ucxoel investorebs, ufro SemoqmedebiTad unda mivudgeT aqciebis sakontrolo paketis problemas. aq yvela SemTxvevaSi erTi standarti ar gamodgeba.

aqciebis sakontrolo paketis gansazRvrisas Cven xan 50% viRebT zRudeT, xan 51%-s, zogi sawarmo aucilebe-lia saxelmwifo da erovnuli interesebis dasacavad. im sawarmoebSi aqciebis sakontrolo paketi Cvens xelT unda iyos, zogan es ar aris aucilebeli. CvenTan, samwux-arod, bevrgan xdeba yvelafris absolutizacia, yvela-fris standartizacia, maT Soris yvela midgomis. aq am-jerad ufro sxva, saqmisadmi SemoqmedebiTi midgomebia saWiro.

Cveni gansakuTrebuli zrunvis sagania privatizaciis gonivruli ganxorcieleba agrarul seqtorSi, agrosam-rewvelo kompleqsebSi. aq wydeba qarTuli soflis bedi da mTeli saqarTvelos qalaqis da soflis mosaxleobis kvebis produqtebiT momaragebis problema.

amitom ekonomikis agraruli seqtoris, agrobizne-sis, agrosamrewvelo kompleqsis ganviTarebas, privat-izaciis ganxorcielebas soflis meurneobaSi, swori agraruli politikis SemuSavebas saxelmwifosaTvis sa-sicocxlo mniSvneloba aqvs.

aq daSvebuli Secdoma did socialur da erovnul ubedurebad SeiZleba iqces. amitom gvmarTebs didi si-frTxile windaxeduleba da SorsmWvreteloba. saWiroa am sakiTxebze meti kontaqtebi da konsultaciebi ara marto saxelmwifoebriv stuqturebTan, Sesabamis samin-istroebTan, departamentebTan, aramed dainteresebul

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politikur partiebTan, kerZo mewarmeebTan da sazo-gadoebriv meurneobebTan. asociaciebis, agrobiznesis warmoamdgenlebTan, fermerebTan, glexobasTan da a. S.

saqarTvelos ekonomikis agraruli seqtoris gan-viTarebaSi Tavisi sityva unda Tqvas saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiam, saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiam, agrarulma universitetebma da kolejebma, sxva samecniero da saswavlo centrebma. mis-asalmebelia, rom amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi ukve eu-flebian sasoflo-sameurneo fermis gaZRolis praqtikas axalgazrda qarTveli fermerebi. es muSaoba unda gafar-Tovdes, unda daveufloT mowinave msoflio gamocdile-bas, Teoriasa da praqtikas.

savaluto fondi, evropis banki, msoflio banki da mravali sxva saerTaSoriso organizacia, bevri evro-puli qveyana gvpirdeba did daxmarebas, gvTavazoben ufasod aswavlon Cvens axalgazrdebs, daexmaron maT, gaiaron is aucilebeli gza da etapi, romelic saWiroa safermero meurneobis mowyobisaTvis.

agraruli reformis safuZvels warmoadgens war-moebis saSualebaTa privatizacia, pirvel rigSi miwis privatizacia. soflis meurneobaSi, agromrewvSi saxel-mwifo sakuTrebis gverdiT mZlavri, konkurentunariani, kerZo sakuTrebis damkvidreba da ganviTareba.

agraruli reformis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi da tendenciebi rTul suraTs qmnian. pirveli, saWiroa mi-wis reformis bolomde miyvana, miwis yidva-gayidvaze gaumarTlebeli SezRudvebis moxsna. yidva-gayidvas unda daeqvemdebaros ara marto sasoflo-sameurneo sa-vargulebi aramed sawarmo daniSnulebis miwebic. es me-tad faqizi politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri da moralur-fsiqologiuri problemaa. misi gadawyveta dakavSirebulia, ara marto, ekonomikis, aramed adami-anis sulis gardaqmnasTan, es meore ki – pirvelze rTu-lia. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT qarTveli kacis, guTnisde-dis gansakuTrebul siyvaruls miwisadmi, – misTvis xom miwa ara marto marCenalia, aramed dedaa, dedamiwaa, – es

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reforma Rrmad gaazrebulad da windaxedulad unda ganvaxorcieloT. reformam ar unda gamoiwvios glex-ebis gaRatakeba. piriqiT, glexi unda gamdidrdes, man SeZlebulad unda icxovros. qalaqis mkvidrTac rogorc ityvian, fexi mSobliur miwaze unda edgaT, isini unda davainteresoT sofliT, miwis nakveTebiT, ojaxis sarCos moyvaniT, agarakebiT da a. S.

unda gvaxsovdes, rom miwis privatizacias, romelic CvenTan winaswar mosamzadebeli samuSaoebis gareSe dai-wyo, Tan sdevs uaryofiTi movlenebi. maTi daZleva Sesa-Zlebelicaa da aucilebelic.

rogorc cnobilia, mTeli msoflio miwaTmoqmedTa qveyanas gveZaxis. Cven unda gavxdeT msoflioSi klasiku-ri miwaTmoqmedebis qveyana, saqmiT unda gavamarTloT is saxeli, romelic msofliom Segvarqva. amitom amTaviTve gvmarTebs mecnierulad dasabuTebuli, Tanamedrove civilizaciis doneze gaazrebuli, erovnuli agraruli politikis ganxorcieleba. amis safuZveli miwis gegma-zomieri privatizaciaa.

meore, dauyovnebliv, daCqarebuli tempebiT unda ganxorcieldes agrosamrewvelo kompleqsis samrewve-lo da momsaxure dargebis gonivruli, etapobrivi pri-vatizacia da demonopolizacia sabazro ekonomikis formirebis mizniT. pirvel etapze da albaT Semdgomac saxelmwifo seqtoris da saxelmwifo dakveTis moderni-zebuli sistema nawilobriv mainc unda SevinarCunoT.

iqidan unda gamovdiodeT, rom meurneobis im yvela formas aqvs arsebobis ufleba, romelic maRalproduq-tiuli Sromis garantiebs qmnis. amitom gaumarTlebe-lia soflad maRalrentabeluri sawarmoebis xelaRebiT daSla.

mesame, agraruli ekonomikis reforma, saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris axal safuZvelze Camoyalibeba moiTx-ovs Sesabamisi institucionaluri cvlilebebis Setanas da dakanonebas ekonomikis marTvis sistemaSi rogorc vertikalur, ise horizontalur WrilSi.

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meoTxe, saWiroa soflis meurneobaSi, gadamamuSaveb-el mrewvelobaSi, mTel agrosamrewvelo kompleqsSi sa-bazro infrastruqturis Seqmna, sabazro koniunqturis mecnieruli Seswavla, bazrisa da warmoebis, bazrisa da momxmareblis urTierTobaTa srulyofa, sabazro moTx-ovnilebis dakmayofilebis uzrunvelyofa, produqciiT bazris gajereba.

mexuTe, axali ekonomikuri sistemis Camoyalibeba gamoiwvevs soflad Zirfesvian socialur cvlilebebs. saWiroa am cvlilebebis kanonzomieri marTva. gaCndebi-an soflad mesakuTreni, Tavisufali mewarme, fermerebi, maT mier daqiravebuli socialuri jgufebi. saWiroa saxelmwifom, axalma parlamentma miiRon iseTi civi-lizebuli kanonmdebloba Sromis dargSi, rom gamoir-icxos adamianis uflebebis darRveva, gansakuTrebiT im adamianebisa, romlebic daqiravebuli Sromis procesSi iqnebian CarTulni. mTavrobam, iusticiis saministrom, sxva saxelmwifoebrivma struqturebma, sakrebuloebma, gamgeblebma, praqtikulad unda aamoqmedon kanoni. Ti-Tonac kanongamgoneni unda iyvnen da kanongamgone unda gaxadon TiToeuli moqalaqe.

yvela civilizebul qveyanaSi daqiravebuli Sromis anazRaurebas aregulirebs ara imdenad kerZo mewarmis voluntaristuli gegma, ramdenadac kanoni. Cven civili-zebuli, moqmedi kanonis qveyana unda viyoT da maSin ada-mianis uflebaTa dacva warmoebis sferoSi garantirebu-li iqneba.

Cven moqalaqeTa saerTo keTildReobis sazogadoebis Seqmnaze unda vizrunoT.

radikaluri ekonomikuri reformis ganxorcieleba soflad da qalaqad SeuZlebelia, rogorc vTqviT, sa-Tanado fuladi da sagadasaxado politikis SemuSavebis gareSe. aucilebelia inflaciis SeCereba da biujetis realuri dabalanseba. ramdenime Tvis win saqarTveloSi aramcTu realuri, qaRaldze normalurad Sekowiwebu-li biujetic ar arsebobda. axla viwyebT krizisidan ga-

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mosvlas, magram imdenad nela, rom es mosaxleobisTvis TiTqmis SeumCneveli rCeba.

ekonomikis gamosacocxleblad saWiroa SemoviRoT dabegvris iseTi progresuli sistema, romelic xels ar SeuSlis, aramed, piriqiT, gamoacocxlebs Tavisufal bazars, kerZo mewarmeobas, saerTod warmoebas. warmoe-bis aRmavlobis gareSe zedmetia laparaki ekonomikisa da finansebis gajansaRebaze. am sakiTxis optimaluri gadawyveta, arsebuli kanonebis gadasinjva da axali kanonebis miReba momavali parlamentis saqmea.

sagadasaxado sistema saxelmwifoebriv struqtura-Ta qvakuTxedia.

aucilebelia saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis siste-maSi fuladsakredito politikis srulyofa sabazro ekonomikis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, fulis masis mimo-qcevis iseTi daregulireba, rom jer Semcirdes, sab-olood ki gamoiricxos, erTi mxriv, inflacia, meore mxriv, – warmoebis dacema. fulis masis mimoqcevis op-timaluri regulacia garkveulwilad marTavs sabazro ekonomikas. saWiroa moqnili, optimaluri saproceso politika, bankTaSorisi dakreditebis ganviTareba, ar-aefeqtiani sabiujeto programebis Semcireba, sakredi-to emisiis masStabebis da sakredito bazris gonivruli marTva, sabazro sistemaSi damkvidrebuli berketebisa da meTodebis ukeT gamoyeneba.

am programis ganxorcieleba praqtikulad niSnavs erTi formaciis meore formaciiT Secvlas. unda gvaxso-vdes, rom es TviTmizani ar aris, aramed is gamowveulia warmoebis ufro maRali donis Seqmnis aucileblobiT da saboloo jamSi sayovelTao keTildReobis misaRwevad.

gaeroSi gamosvlisas vTqvi da axla aq minda gavim-eoro: msoflio bankma, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondma, sxva saerTaSoriso finansurma organizaciebma swrafi ekonomikuri reagirebis Zalebi da saxsrebi unda Seqmnan. es saWiroa demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis gadasarCenad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ekonomikuri krizisi gamoiwvevs

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iseTi masStabebis ryevebs da Sinagan biZgebs politikur sferoebSi, rom demokratia diqtaturaSi gadaizrdeba. amitom, saWiroa ara marto optimaluri ekonomikuri do-qtrina, aramed srulfasovani politikuri doqtrinac.

III

mimdinare wlis martSi saqarTveloSi iseTi poli-tikuri mdgomareoba damxvda, rogoric erT cnobil fi-losofiur formulaSia mocemuli: yvelas omi yvelas winaaRmdeg. es formula, mogexsenebaT, asaxavs politi-kur situacias saxelmwifos Seqmnamde. pirdapir unda giTxraT, rom im dReebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ar ar-sebobda. civilizebuli saxiT is dResac ar arsebobs. es saxelmwifo unda avaSenoT da momdevno arCevnebi swored am mizans emsaxureba.

rogori unda iyos es saxelmwifo?TiTqos yvela partias da politikoss Tavisi proeq-

ti aqvs am sakiTxze. mec maqvs Cemi Sexedulebebi am prob-lemaze. Sorsa var idealisagan, magram, mogexsenebaT, TviT platonis idealuri saxelmwifos modelic ar iyo idealuri.

vsargeblob SemTxveviT, rom Cveni Sexvedra mecniere-baTa akademiaSi mimdinareobs da erTxel kidev minda is-toriisa da eTnografiis, filosofiis, ekonomikisa da samarTlis da sxva samecniero-kvleviT institutebs, pir-vel rigSi humanitarul mecnierebaTa warmomadgenlebs, vTxovo aqtiuri monawileoba miiRon momavali qarTu-li saxelmwifos koncefciis fundamentur, strategiul problemaTa kvlevaSi mogvawodon samecniero-praqtiku-li rekomendaciebi, koncefciebi, daskvnebi.

amomrCevlebi mekiTxebian: rogoria respublikis par-lamentis Tavmjdomared asarCevi kandidatis politiku-ri doqtrina?

misi ZiriTadi parametrebia: Tavisufleba, demokra-tia, konstitucia, parlamenti, adamianis uflebaTa deklaracia, pluralizmi, sityvisa da presis, politiku-

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ri partiebisa da organizaciebis Seqmnis da moqmedebis Tavisufleba. sxva demokratiuli uflebebi, is principe-bi, rasac gaero da civilizebuli msoflios progresu-li politikuri mrwamsi da kultura aRiarebs.

yovelive am sikeTes Cven vpirdebiT mosaxleobis yve-la jgufs, erovnul umciresobebs, saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes.

me viziareb demokratiuli xelisuflebis samad gayofis princips: sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebeli, sa-samarTlo (maT Soris konstituciuri sasamarTlo). me bevri ram minda gaviTvaliswino monteskies, rusos, jefersonis da sxva gamoCenil moazrovneTa politiku-ri filosofiidan, msoflio praqtikidan, saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis sagulisxmo tradiciebidan da qar-Tuli erovnuli politikuri azris istoriidan.

saSinao politikis ZiriTadi parametrebi mocemulia politikur, ekonomikur, socialur, samarTlebriv, samx-edro, kulturul da religiur koncefciebSi, rac am si-tyvaSia mokled CarTuli. zogierT problemaze ukve vis-aubreT, zogierT maTganze qvemoT gveqneba saubari.

rogori gziT ar unda viaroT, es cnobilia. gamoc-dilebam gvaswavla.

me davibade da gavizarde, ufro meti aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi vemsaxurebodi unitarul, totalitarul, militaristul saxelmwifos, vimyofebodi im giganturi warmonaqmnis olimpoze, viyavi ra movlenaTa epicentr-Si, me mivedi erTaderT swor daskvnamde: ase cxovreba ar SeiZleba, yvelaferi Tavidan bolomde dalpa, yvelaferi unda Seicvalos. mas aqeT am ideas vemsaxurebodi da vem-saxurebi dRes.

saSinao politikaSi umTavresia demokratiuli gar-daqmnebi, erovnuli konsensusi da Serigeba, konfliq-tebis mSvidobiani mowesrigeba, sabazro ekonomikis Cam-oyalibeba da normalurad funqcionireba, pirovnebis Tavisufleba, adamianis uflebebis dacva, erovnuli um-ciresobebis mimarT evroTaTbiris farglebSi aRebul valdebulebaTa Sesruleba da sxva.

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rac Seexeba sagareo politikuri koncefciis Zir-iTad parametrebs, isini ori ZiriTadi komponentisa-gan formirdeba: es aris saqarTvelos diplomatia da sagareo ekonomikuri da mecnierul-kulturuli urT-ierTobani.

saqarTvelos sagareo politikis ZiriTadi postula-tia: yvela saxelmwifosTan keTili, urTierTxelsayreli kavSirebi, miumxrobloba sxva saxelmwifoebis saqmeebSi Caurevloba, aqtiuri neitraliteti, xalxTa da saxel-mwifoTa Soris urTierTobis dargSi msoflio civili-zaciis monapovris aRiareba da pativiscema.

mTavaria sagareo politikis strategiuli da taqti-kuri orientirebis sworad gansazRvra. es aris dinami-urad cvladi politikuri fenomeni, romelic yoveldRe moiTxovs koreqtirebas, daxvewas, srulyofas, magram erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio idealebisadmi erTgu-lebas.

momaval parlaments, mis Tavmjdomares, ministrTa kabinets, sagareo saqmeTa saministros, sagareo ekonomi-kur uwyebas didi muSaobis gaweva mouwevT saqarTvelos saSinao da sagareo politikis msoflio Teoriisa da praqtikis doneze asayvanad.

Cvens diplomatias aqvs garkveuli warmatebebi. Cvens istoriul mezoblebTan: TurqeTTan xelmowerili gvaqvs xelSekruleba megobrobis, TanamSromlobisa da keTil-mezoblobis Sesaxeb, iranTan gegmazomierad viTardeba orive qveynisaTvis xelsayreli urTierToba.

aqtiurad viTardeba TanamSromloba evropis qveynebTan, farTovdeba kavSirebi israelTan, arabeTis qveynebTan. gansakuTrebuli gulTbilobiT xasiaTdeba Cveni megobroba germaniis federaciul respublikasTan, amerikis SeerTebul StatebTan.

gaeroSi xazgasmiT aRvniSne da aqac vambob: kargi sa-fuZveli aqvs Cayrili saqarTvelos urTierTobas somx-eTTan, azerbaijanTan, CrdiloeT kavkasiis mTel rig re-spublikebTan, ukrainasTan.

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saqarTvelosTvis sasicocxlo mniSvneloba aqvs Ta-nasworobisa da partniorobis safuZvelze normalur diplomatiur urTierTobas ruseTTan.

ruseTis politika, garkveuli azriT, winaaRmdego-brivia. Tu obieqturad, arsebuli realuri sinamdvil-iT vimsjelebT, ruseTisa da saqarTvelos strategiul, erovnul interesebSi araa winaaRmdegoba, isini emTxveva kidevac erTmaneTs. es yvelaze kargad soWisa da moskovis cnobil xelSekrulebebSi aisaxa. aq saTanadod unda mi-vuzRoT prezident elcins.

Cven kvlavac mzad varT patiosnad viTanamSromloT Cvens did mezobelTan. diax, patiosnad! mqonda ra saqme did politikasTan msoflio masStabiT, me yovelTvis vcdilobdi Cemi kolegebis absoluturi ndoba damem-saxurebina. me ar minda am princips vuRalato ruseTTan mimarTebaSic. samagierod, Cven aseTive patiosnebas mov-iTxovT Cveni partniorebisagan.

unda giTxraT, rom afxazeTis konfliqtTan dakav-SirebiT ruseTis politika kritikas ver uZlebs. saqarT-velosTvis ra mniSvneloba aqvs, vin asuldgmulebs afxaz-ur eqstremizms, separatizms da qarTvelTa moZuleobas? parlamenti Tu reaqciulad ganwyobili zogierTi gener-ali, Tuki prezidenti uZluria Seasrulos Tavisi dana-pirebi?!

am bolo dros warmoiSva siZneleebi ekonomikur sferoSic. calkeuli ekonomikuri problemebis mogvare-bisas Cvengan SefarviT politikur daTmobebs moiTxoven. unda ganvacxadoT, rom Cven Raribi qveyana varT, SimSili da gaWirveba kars mogvdgomia, Sinauri aSlilobac did siZneleebs gviqmnis, magram daCoqils da xelgawvdils ve-ravin gvixilavs. veravin Selaxavs Cvens erovnul Rirse-bas.

miuxedavad imisa, rom dRes viTareba daZabulia, me mainc mjera, rom ruseTis politika saqarTvelos mimarT pozitiurad Camoyalibdeba da Camoyalibdeba igi or-Tave xalxis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Cvens region-Si mSvidobis da stabilurobis uzrunvelsayofad.

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rac Seexeba rusi erovnebis mosaxleobas, me mTeli pa-suxismgeblobiT vacxadeb: isini (samxedro momsaxureTa da maTi ojaxebis CaTvliT) Cveni Tanamoqalaqeni arian, bevri maTgani Cveni Tanamemamulea, aqaa dabadebuli da gazrdili, amitom calkeuli generlebis demagogiuri gancxadebebi saqarTvelos rusi mosaxleobis interese-bis dacvis Sesaxeb, saWiro ar aris, saqarTvelos xeli-sufleba iseve daicavs maT kanonier uflebebs, rogorc qarTvelTa uflebebs.

Cven aseTsave pasuxismgeblobas vkisrulobT Cveni Zmebis: somxebis, azerbaijanelebis, afxazebis, berZnebis, osebis, ukrainelebis, ebraelebis, qurTebis da yvela sxva erovnebis moqalaqeTa mimarT, vinc Cvens dalocvil qarTul miwaze cxovrobs.

gaeroSi me davayene sakiTxi Savi zRvisa da kavkasiis regionis qveynebis koleqtiuri uSiSroebis sistemis Se-qmnis Sesaxeb. amave dros saWiroa uSiSroebis efeqtiani globaluri sistemis Camoyalibeba, regionaluri da msoflio sistemebis gonivruli balansi.

momaval wels gaeros mudmivi warmomadgenloba gaix-sneba TbilisSi da is mniSvnelovan adgils daikavebs Cveni regionis cxovrebaSi da aq adamianTa uflebebis dacvis, erovnul umciresobaTa problemebis samarTliani mowes-rigebis saimedo instrumenti gaxdeba.

saWiroa daiweros saqarTvelos mravalaTaswliani diplomatiis istoria, Seiqmnas qarTuli diplomati-is Teoriisa da praqtikis samecniero centri, qarTvel diplomatTa kadrebis momzadebis erovnuli kera – qar-Tuli diplomatiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis instituti.

unda miviRoT moqalaqeobis kanoni adamianis ufleba-Ta saerTaSoriso normebisa da evropuli standartebis doneze. es axali parlamentis pirveli rigis amocanaa.

minda erTi problema davayeno sakiTxis ganxilvis wesiT: iqneb SemoviRoT ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTaT-vis ormagi moqalaqeobis statusi. dae, yvela sazRvarga-reT mcxovrebi qarTveli patrioti imave dros saqarTve-

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los saxelmwifos moqalaqe iyos.dRes politikaSi erTmaneTs ebrZvian dromoWmuli

konservatoruli, avtoritaruli da totalitaruli reJimisa da axali, demokratiuli, humanuri wyobilebis istoriuli Zalebi. istoriis mTavar politikur mamoZ-ravebel faqtors demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis Zalebi warmoadgens, maT ekuTvnis momavali.

politikuri diqtaturis nangrevebze sabolood mkvidrdeba demokratiuli, parlamenturi qarTuli saxelmwifo. es tradiciuli gagebiT arc federaciaa da arc konfederacia. es aris urRvevi, axali tipis erTiani qarTuli saxelmwifo, romelic gulisxmobs avtonomiu-ri formirebebis arsebobas sazRvrebis xelSeuxeblobi-sa da teritoriuli mTlianobis pirobebSi.

me avtonomiebis momxre var, magram arian Zale-bi – avtonomiis mowinaaRmdegeni. midis politikuri diskusiebi am sakiTxze. aris sakmaod didi nawili Cve-ni sazogadoebisa, romelic Tvlis, rom avtonomiebis aseTi saxiT arsebobas gamarTleba ara aqvs. me piradad momxre var imisa, rom avtonomiebi arsebobdes erTiani, mTliani da Zlieri saqarTvelos, qarTuli saxelmwifos CarCoebSi.

mimdinare politikuri Tu samxedro bataliebis miR-ma Cven istoriis ganviTarebis magistraluri, strategi-uli mimarTuleba unda davinaxoT da davicvaT. Zvelisa da axlis istoriul da filosofiur brZolaSi axali imarjvebs, magram, samwuxarod, didi sisxlisa da msxver-plis fasad.

jefersoni ambobda, amerikuli demokratiis sicocx-lis xe sisxliT aris morwyulio. qarTuli demokrati-is sicocxlis xec, xe cnobadisa, keTilisa da borotisa, Cvenda samwuxarod, sisxliT moirwyo. is mamulisaTvis gaRebuli sisxlia.

Cveni politikuri da samarTlebrivi Sexedulebe-bi gulisxmobs axali tipis demokratiuli, erovnuli saxelmwifos Seqmnas, saqarTveloSi demokratiuli ti-pis axali sazogadoebis formirebas msoflio civili-

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zaciis miRwevebis gaTvaliswinebiT, axali konstituciis miRebas, axali tipis parlamentis struqturis, muSao-bis stilisa da meTodebis SemuSavebas, marTlwesrigis damkvidrebas, axali msoflio wesrigis doneze, saqarT-velos moqalaqis statusis SemoRebas, axali qarTuli pasportebis gacemas da sxva.

amomrCevelTa werilebidan, depeSebidan, winasa-arCevno masalebidan Cans, rom saqarTvelos mcxovre-blebs ainteresebT, Tu rogor warmoudgenia parlamen-tis Tavmjdomaris postze asarCev kandidats momavali parlamentis struqtura, misi funqcionireba, muSaobis formebi, stili da meTodebi, komisiebis saqmianoba, dep-utatis statusi, kanon-proeqtebis SemuSavebis proce-dura, partiul fraqciebTan, opoziciasTan, amomrCev-elTan urTierToba, maTi ganawesis xorcSesxma, msoflio parlamentebTan TanamSromloba da sxv.

am sakiTxze mokled Tu gavcemT pasuxs. vityodi, rom msoflios yvela tipis parlaments vicnob, maT Soris aSS, didi britaneTis, safrangeTis, germaniis, iaponiis da sxva mowinave demokratiuli qveynebis parlamentebs, araerTxel Sevxvedrivar maT mesveurebs, gavsulvar maTi maRali tribunidan. minda davarwmuno amomrCevle-bi, TiToeuli TqvenTagani, Tu agvirCeven, SevecdebiT, yvelafers viRonebT imisaTvis, rom saqarTvelos axali parlamenti msoflio demokratiuli parlamentebis miR-wevaTa koncentrirebul gamoxatulebas warmoadgendes. aseTia Canafiqri.

Cveni momavali parlamenti msoflios yvelaze de-mokratiul parlamentTa doneze unda dadges. es aris Cemi cxovrebis erT-erTi mizani, Cemi politikuri filo-sofiis erT-erTi umTavresi postulati.

parlamentis saarCevno debulebaze muSaobisas saxelmwifo sabWo isaxavda erT mTavar mizans: Seeqmna amomrCevlebisaTvis Tavisufali nebis, xolo arCevneb-Si monawile partiebisa da individebisaTvis – maTi Ses-aZleblobebis maqsimaluri gamovlenis garantiebi. Cven gvinda parlamentSi warmodgenili iyos yvela ZiriTadi

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politikuri partia da Zala, romlebic xalxs sakuTari miswrafebebis gamomxatvelad miaCnia.

swored am mizanma ganapiroba saarCevno debulebis Taviseburebani, maT Soris – parlamentis Tavmjdomar-is arCevis SemoTavazebuli wesi. es novacia arCevnebSi monawile politikuri Zalebis SeTanxmebis Sedegi iyo, maTi koleqtiuri nebis gamomxatveli aqcia da ara vin-mes mier Tavs moxveuli iuridiuli novela. ra Tqma unda, saarCevno debuleba, romelic saxelmwifo sabWom Ses-Tavaza xalxs, naklovanebebisagan dazRveuli ver iqneba, magram gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom igi xangrZlivi Sromis, kompromisebis nayofia da asaxavs im sinamdviles, romel-Sic amJamad Cveni qveyana imyofeba.

momavalma parlamentma, rogorv vTqviT, unda moamza-dos da SeimuSaos axali konstitucia, romelSiac qar-Tuli da Tanamedrove parlamentarizmis gamocdilebis safuZvelze aisaxeba xelisuflebis da mmarTvelobis umaRlesi da adgilobrivi organoebis struqtura, marTlmsajulebis sistema, erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi mowyobis, moqalaqeobis, moqalaqeTa uflebebisa da Tavi-suflebebis fundamenturi sakiTxebi.

parlamentis mier mowonebuli konstituciis pro-eqti, albaT, unda iqces sayovelTao-saxalxo ganxilvis sagnad, mxolod amgvarad momzadebuli da damtkicebu-li konstitucia SeiZleba gaxdes qveynis socialuri da politikuri cxovrebis stabilurobis, demokratiis, qveynis erTianobis, teritoriuli mTlianobis, moqa-laqeTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis myari garanti.

konstituciuri problemebi ver gadawydeba argumen-tirebuli mecnieruli daskvnebis gareSe. darwmunebuli var, axali konstitucia saqarTvelos mravalsaukuno-vani politikuri da iuridiuli kulturis Sesatyvisi dokumenti iqneba, magram mis SemuSavebas da miRebas dro sWirdeba.

vidre konstituciis proeqti momzaddebodes da miiRebodes, albaT, parlamentma unda miiRos sakanon-mdeblo aqti, romelic qveyanaSi Seqmnili umZimesi poli-

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tikuri, socialuri da ekonomikuri viTarebis gaTval-iswinebiT moawesrigebs xelisuflebis da mmarTvelobis umaRlesi da adgilobrivi organoebis Seqmnisa da saqmi-anobis sakTxebs. es unda iyos kanoni „saxelmwifo xelisu-flebis Sesaxeb“.

saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis forma, romelic am kanon-ma unda ganamtkicos, mesaxeba rogorc parlamenturi respublika. mocemul etapze swored es forma Seesabame-ba qveyanaSi Seqmnil politikur ZalTa Tanafardobas, saarCevno debulebis moTxovnebs, dekember-ianvris mov-lenebis suliskveTebas.

momavali parlamenturi respublika mesaxeba, ro-gorc saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da mmarTvelobis or-ganoebis iseTi struqtura, sadac parlamenti politi-kuri cxovrebis mTavari organoa. igi eweva ara mxolod sakanonmdeblo saqmianobas, aramed axorcielebs umaRles kontrols aRmasrulebel xelisuflebaze. kontroli xorcieldeba sami ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT: saxelmwifo saxsrebis xarjvaze, mTavrobis saqmianobis kanonierebasa da mTavrobis Semadgenlobaze, anu sakadro politikis saxiT. esaa is ZiriTadi sadaveebi, riTac parlamentma unda ganaxorcielos Tavisi xelisuflebis uzenaesoba.

imaze, Tu raoden efeqtianad Seasrulebs am fun-qciebs parlamenti, bevradaa damokidebuli cxovrebis stabiluroba saxelmwifoSi. Tumca CvenSi parlamenta-rizmis erTgvari gamocdileba ukve arsebobs, dasamali araa, rom profesiuli parlamentisagan jer kidev Sorsa varT. parlamentarizmi Taviseburi kulturuli movle-naa, anu samarTlebrivi, zneobrivi, politikuri norme-bisa da tradiciebis sistemaa, romlebic xangrZlivi praqtikiT unda Camoyalibdes. amis gareSe SeuZlebelia demokratiis ganviTareba, saxelmwifo marTvis civili-zebuli formebis damkvidreba.

minda yvela politikuri partia davarwmuno imaSi, rom ara marto umravlesobis, aramed umciresobis ufle-bebic momaval parlamentSi konstituciurad garantire-buli iqneba.

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umaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi organo Tavisi arse-bobiT unda iZleodes pluralizmisa da mravalparti-ulobis stimuls.

mravalpartiuloba avtoritarizmisagan sazogadeo-bis dacvis erT-erTi ZiriTadi meqanizmia. Cven dainter-esebuli unda viyoT politikuri partiebis formirebiT, maTi ganviTarebiT. momavali parlamenturi cxovreba me mesaxeba, ara rogorc umravlesobis demokratia, ar-amed rogorc konsensusis, kompromisis, politikuri az-rovnebis sinTezis Zieba. Sesabamisad, jer xelisuflebis Sesaxeb kanonSi, Semdeg konstituciaSi unda Camoyalib-des saTanado iuridiuli garantiebi parlamentSi par-tiuli jgufebisa Tu fraqciebis uflebaTa uzrunvel-sayofad.

udavod WeSmaritebaa, rom cxovrebis SedarebiT sta-biluri pirobebis uzrunvelsayofad, iseT viTarebaSi, rogorSiac amJamad saqarTvelo imyofeba, aucilebelia Zlieri mmarTveloba. bunebrivia, wamoiWreba kiTxva, ro-gorRa unda SevuxamoT Zlieri centralizebuli mmarT-veloba xelisuflebaTa danawilebis klasikur doqtri-nas, romelic demokratiis ZiriTadi principia?

xelisuflebaTa danawilebis doqtrinas axasiaTebs moqniloba. igi saukeTesod exameba ama Tu im qveyanaSi Seqmnil konkretul viTarebas. swored konkretul is-toriul garemoebebTan SexamebiT danerges igi saxelmwi-foebriv praqtikaSi sxvadasxva qveynebis politikosebma, kerZod, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis konstituciuri sistemis mamamTavrebma.

sagulisxmoa, rom xelisuflebaTa danawilebis do-qtrina Tavis wminda klasikuri formiT, arcerT saxelm-wifoSi ar damkvidrebula. SeiZleba gavixsenoT Tundac am doqtrinis amerikuli nairsaxeoba, romelic cnobilia „Sekaveba-gawonasworebis“ sistemis saxelwodebiT.

mocemul istoriul etapze xelisuflebaTa danaw-ilebis koncefciis Cveneuli variantis mizani unda iyos Zlieri, centralizebuli mmarTvelobis Seqmna, romelic uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos erTianobas, teritoriul

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mTlianobas, saxelmwifoebriv uSiSroebas, moqalaqeTa uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis, maTi mSvidobiani cxovre-bis dacvas, erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebis dacvis ga-rantiebs.

saxelmwifo xelisuflebis danawilebis principi ki ar gamoricxavs, aramed, piriqiT gulisxmobs kidec sx-vadasxva sferos organoebis erTobliv monawileobas umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi. cxadia, aman ar unda gamoiwvios sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebeli da sasamarTlo funqciebis aRreva da Sesabamisi organoebis damoukideblobis Seryeva.

saxelmwifo xelisuflebaTa danawilebis doqtri-na sulac ar gulisxmobs raRacnairi samxelisuflebia-nobis Seqmnas. xelisuflebis wyaro aris xalxi da Sesa-bamisad uzenaesi saxelmwifo xelisuflebac erTiania. arsebiTia, moxdes funqciaTa gamijvna da urTierT-gawonasworeba, raTa arcerT organos ar mieces Seuz-Rudavi Zalaufleba.

iseT viTarebaSi, romelSiac amJamad saqarTvelo imy-ofeba, arsebobs gadaudebeli amocanebis wre, romlebsac erTmaneTisgan sruliad damoukideblad verc parlamen-ti gaarTmevs Tavs da verc aRmasrulebeli xelisufle-ba. bunebrivad warmoiSveba iseTi meqanizmis Seqmnis aucilebloba, romelsac parlamentisgan deligirebuli eqneba samarTaldamcavi, kontrolisa da organizatoru-li funqciebi gansazRvrul sakiTxebze da gansazRvruli vadiT, amasTanave igi uzrunvelyofs aRmasrulebeli or-ganoebis SeTanxmebul koordinirebul funqcionirebas. saxelmwifo meqanizmis aseTi rgoli mesaxeba ara vinmes marto erTpirovnuli xelisuflebis, aramed kolegial-uri organos saxiT, romelic pasuxismgebeli iqneba par-lamentis winaSe. es unda iyos axali tipis saxelmwifo sabWos msgavsi warmonaqmni parlamentis Tavmjdomaris xelmZRvanelobiT, 10-15 kacis SemadgenlobiT.

araorazrovnad minda ganvacxado, aseTi organos farglebSi, kategoriulad moviTxov, Seiqmnas Tavdacvis saxelmwifo sabWo an erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWo, ro-

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melsac parlamentis Tavmjdomare uxelmZRvanelebs. bo-lo movlenebma daadastures, rom Cven davuSviT uxeSi politikuri Secdoma, roca am ramdenime Tvis win uari vTqviT aseTi institutis Seqmnis aucileblobaze. aseTi rgolis Seqmna aucilebelia Tundac imitom, rom sapar-lamento respublika iyos Zlieri, myari da daculi.

logikuria daisvas kiTxva: rogor sazogadoebas vaSenebT? ra aris es? wminda kapitalizmia Tu SeiniSneba socializmisken mibrunebis tendenciebi?

vaSenebT erovnul saxelmwifos civilizaciis Ta-namedrove moTxovnebis, Tanamedrove demokratiuli standartebis gaTvaliswinebiT. me 1988 wels, erT-erT Cems gamosvlaSi, niu-iorkSi vTqvi, rom momavlis sazo-gadoeba iqneba sinTezi imisa, rac ki ram progresuli Seuqmnia kacobriobas yvela sazogadoebriv-politiku-ri, socialur-ekonomikuri formaciis dros, Tavisi gan-viTarebis yvela etapze. es politikuri filosofia unda daedos safuZvlad saqarTvelos axali saxelmwifos mSen-eblobas.

qarTuli saxelmwifos mSeneblobis koncefciaSi kon-centrirebuli gamoxatuleba unda hpovos Cvenma istori-ulma tradiciam, eris inteleqtma, erovnulma sulierma energiam da msoflio gamocdilebis SemoqmedebiTad aT-visebis unarma. unda davamtkicoT, rom Cven ara marto dawinaurebuli civilizebuli qveynebis gamocdilebis aTviseba da gameoreba ZalgviZs, aramed misi Semoqmedeb-iTad ganviTarebac.

politikurma partiebma da saparlamento fraqciebma aqtiuri monawileoba unda miiRon mTavrobis formire-baSi, ministrebis portfelebis ganawilebasa da sxva in-stitucionalur saqmianobaSi. arCevnebi jer ar Catareb-ula, magram ministrebis portfelebis ganawilebisaTvis ukve midis brZola kuluarebSi.

amomrCevlebi mekiTxebian: rogor warmoudgenia kan-didats sasamarTlo xelisuflebasTan parlamentis urT-ierToba?

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saWiroa ara marto xelisuflebis demokratiuli dayofa, diferencireba sam damoukidebel nawilad: sakanonmdeblo (parlamenti), aRmasrulebeli (saxelm-wifo sabWo, ministrTa kabineti) da sasamarTlo (kon-stituciuri sasamarTlo, senati, magistratura da sxv.), aramed maTi saqmianobis koordinacia da warmarTva kon-stituciisa da kanonis uzenaesobis safuZvelze, winaaRm-deg SemTxvevaSi politikuri struqturebis funqcioni-rebaSi dauZleveli disbalansi gveqneba.

kanonma „saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb“, axalma konstituciam gansakuTrebuli adgili unda dauTmon respublikaSi WeSmaritad damoukidebeli sasamarTlo xelisuflebis Camoyalibebas.

rogorc sakanonmdeblo, ise aRmasrulebeli orga-noebis saqmianobaSi kanonierebaze kontrolis funqcia unda daekisros konstituciur sasamarTlos. konsti-tuciuri sasamarTlo, uzenaes sasamarTlosTan, saolqo da adgilobriv sasamarTlosTan erTad unda Seadgendes respublikis sasamarTloebis sistemas, romlis organi-zaciuli xelmZRvaneloba unda daekisros erT organos. igi Seasrulebs dasavluri magistraturis sabWos fun-qciebs. es saxelwodeba pirobiTia, amaze imsjelebs ax-lad arCeuli parlamenti, mTavaria arsi.

SemdgomSi, albaT, mosamarTleebs (da ara marto maT) mieniWebaT uflebamosileba konstituciur sasamarTlo-Si aRZran sakiTxi ama Tu im kanonis arakonstituciurad cnobis Sesaxeb.

srulfasovani sasamarTlo xelisuflebis formireba Seadgens sasamarTlo reformis sagans, romlis ganxor-cieleba uaxloesi momavlis amocanaa.

parlamenti gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT unda moeki-dos adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis mowesrigebas. TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis uflebamosilebaTa wre saWiroa ganisazRvros ise, rom maT SeZlon qvemdebare teritoriaze damoukideblad gadawyviton adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis yvela ZiriTadi sakiTxi. saparlamento

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arCevnebis Semdeg, rac SeiZleba swrafad unda SevudgeT adgilobriv mmarTvelobis organoebis arCevnebisaTvis mzadebas da es procesi ar unda gaWianurdes.

mTavroba, xelisuflebis yvela ierarqiuli done kanongamgone unda iyos. ara pirovneba, ara partia, ar-amed kanoni unda marTavdes qveyanas. unda SevqmnaT saqa-rTvelos samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo. konstituciisa da kanonis uzenaesoba samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos kredo da safuZvelTa safuZveli unda iyos.

dRes amomrCevlebs metad awuxebT destabilizacia, terori, kriminogenuri situaciis garTuleba.

me mimaCnia, axali, civilizebuli wesrigis damyare-ba SeuZlebelia, Tu ar iqneba Zlieri xelisufleba, Tu ufro efeqtianad ar amoqmedda policia, sasamarTlo, prokuratura, advokatura, sainformacio-sadazvervo samsaxuri centrSi da adgilebze. am saqmeSi didi roli unda Seasrulon sakrebuloebma da gamgeobebma.

unda davZlioT iseTi samarcxvino seni, rogoricaa adamianis motaceba, fulis gamoZalva, qrTami, reketi, mafiozuri formirebebis parpaSi maT Soris politika-sa da ekonomikaSi, narkobiznesi, yaCaRoba, Zarcva, ban-ditizmi da mravali sxva negatiuri movlena, romlebic katastrofiT emuqreba qveyanas.

erovnuli uSiSroebis struqturam, romlis Sesax-ebac zemoT mogaxseneT, unda SegvaZlebinos wesrigis damyareba, ganukiTxaobisa da qaosis mdgomareobidan ga-mosvla.

Tu Cems winadadebas amomrCevlebi xmis micemiT daadastureben, me Sevecdebi mosaxleobis mxardaWer-aze dayrdnobiT, parlamentis, mTavrobis TanadgomiT, Sevuqmna adamianebs cxovrebisa da Sromis normaluri pirobebi.

ra Tqma unda, aRmasrulebel sistemaSi udidesi da umniSvnelovanesi samuSao unda Seasrulos mTavrobam, romlis dakompleqtebasac, darwmunebuli var, Cven yve-lani udidesi pasuxismgeblobiT movekidebiT.

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IV

axalma parlamentma da axalma mTavrobam mSromelTa masebis, yoveli adamianis socialuri dacvis dasabuTebu-li, politikurad misaRebi da ekonomikurad realuri programa unda SeimuSaon da ganaxorcielon. es unda iyos socialuri procesebis marTvis politikuri in-strumenti.

amJamad socialur sferoSi mimdinareobs Zveli sazo-gadoebis klasebisa da socialuri fenebis rRveva da ax-ali socialuri struqturebis Camoyalibeba. es obieqtu-ri, gardauvali, istoriuli movlenaa. istoriis arenaze sxva Zalebi gamodian. mkvidrdeba sabazro ekonomika, konkurencia, aqedan gamomdinare yvela politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri SedegiT.

dRes socialur Zvrebs axlavs axali socialuri Za-lebisa da jgufebis formireba. gaCndnen biznesmenebi, fermerebi, menejerebi, bankirebi, milionerebi da a.S. am process gonivruli politikis doneze sWirdeba marTva. axleburad dgeba Tanasworobisa da samarTlianobis problemebi.

Cven unda vifiqroT, unda vizrunoT Cveni qarTuli biznesis formirebisaTvis. didi biznesis gareSe ar iqne-ba sabazro ekonomika, magram es swored qarTuli biznesi unda iyos. unda moxdes qarTveli biznesmenis formireba, romelsac eqneba gansakuTrebuli pasuxismgebloba Tavi-si qveynisa da xalxis winaSe, gansakuTrebuli pasuxismge-bloba ekonomikis, kulturis da sulieri cxovrebis mimarT da a.S.

dRis wesrigSi dgas qarTuli biznesisa da qarTveli biznesmenis, mamuliSvilis formirebis problema.

saxelmwifo sabWos, mTavrobas, piradad me, migvaCnia, rom amomrCevlebs, xalxs simarTle unda vuTxraT imis Sesaxeb, rom sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis pirvel etaps sazogadoebis didi nawilis garkveuli gaRaribeba mohyveba. es bazris, konkurenciis Tanmxlebi obieqturi procesia da versad wauvalT mas. es mkacri sinamdvilea.

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parlamentma, xelisuflebam amTaviTve unda izrunon imisaTvis, rom aviciloT yvelaze uaresi da umZimesi so-cialuri Sedegebi, pirvel rigSi SimSili da adamianTa gaRatakeba. es problemaTa problemaa.

socialuri programa ekonomikasa da politikaSi miR-weuli warmatebebis koncentrirebuli gamoxatulebaa. socialuri programa ajamebs imas, Tu ras aZlevs sazoga-doeba adamians da adamiani – sazogadoebas. amitom pir-vel rigSi adamianTa socialuri dacvis Cemeuli gageba, ekonomikuri reformis pirvel etapze, gulisxmobs iseTi politikis gatarebas, romelic saqarTvelos yvela moqa-laqes uzrunvelyofs saarsebo minimumiT (komunaluri momsaxureba, kveba, xelfasi, tansacmeli a. S.). saarsebo minimumi ki mecnierul doneze unda ganisazRvros.

saWiroa sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi biujetis optimalurad dabalanseba, pirveli moTxovnilebis sa-gnebiT, kvebis produqtebiT da sxva saqonliT bazris ga-jereba moxmarebis samedicino (fiziologiuri) normebis doneze, adamianis sxva moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofileba.

produqtebis moxmarebis normebis erovnuli da msof-lio standartebis Sedareba gviCvenebs, rom mosaxleobis momaragebis da produqtebis moxmarebis Tvalsazris-iT Cven dRes erT-erT bolo adgilze varT evropaSi da CamovrCebiT aziis mraval qveyanas, bevr ganviTarebad saxelmwifosac ki. mware sinamdvilea, magram ers simar-Tle unda vuTxraT.

Seqmnili viTareba emuqreba cocxali da momavali Taobebis janmrTelobas qarTveli eris demografiul perspeqtivas, mcirdeba Sobadoba, izrdeba mcirewlovan-Ta sikvdilianoba. saSiSroeba elis erovnul genofonds. Tu es procesebi ar SevaCereT socialuri da erovnuli katastrofaa mosalodneli.

Cven mciremiwawyliani qveyana varT da saqarTvelos ramdenime Tves Tu yofnis sakuTari warmoebis kvebis pro-duqtebi. Cven importze varT damokidebuli. importi up-iratesad ucxour valutas moiTxovs. ucxouri valuta ki ekonomikis daqveiTebis, warmoebis erTi mesamediT da-

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cemisa da sxva mizezebis gamo, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo xazinas ar gaaCnia. iZulebuli varT jerjerobiT mivm-arToT upiratesad Zvel ekonomikur kavSirebs, ufro samaneTo zonis bazars, vidre sadolaro an samarko ekonomikuri sivrcis qveynebs. mniSvnelovani faqtoria is daxmareba, rasac evropa da aSS gviweven. Tu mivaRw-evT politikur stabilizacias, Tu movwesrigdebiT, Tu vicxovrebT ise, rogorc normaluri xalxi da normalu-ri erebi cxovroben, Cven kidev ufro did daxmarebas mi-viRebT evropisagan, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebisagan, sxva qveynebisagan. es erTi.

meore. aucilebelia inflaciis SeCereba, sabazro fasebisa da moqalaqeTa myidvelobiTi unaris dabalanse-ba, maTi urTierTSesabamisobaSi moyvana, saojaxo biuje-tis inflaciuri da devalvaciuri krizisidan gamoyvana, fasebisa da xelfasebis proporciuli zrda.

me zemoT ukve vTqvi, kidev gavimeoreb: fasebi unda gaTavisufldes, magram paralelurad amisa unda izrde-bodes xelfasebi, pensiebi, stipendiebi.

mesame: umuSevroba sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi, samwuxarod gardauvali, negatiuri movlenaa. dRes saqa-rTveloSi 70 aTasi umuSevaria. momaval wels es cifri kidev ufro gaizrdeba. unda ganvaxorcieloT umuSev-robasTan brZolisa da umuSevarTa socialuri dacvis sagangebo programa. am sakiTxze muSaoben mTavroba da saxelmwifo sabWo, Sesabamisi saministroebi da departa-mentebi. saWiroa ufro intensiuri da efeqtiani muSaoba am mimarTulebiT.

meoTxe. saWiroa siRaribis zRvars miRma darCenili, mcireSemosavliani fenebis socialuri dacva, kompensa-ciebis sistemis srulyofa. dRes siRaribis zRvars miRma imyofeba saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 20-25 procenti. es eris socialuri ubedureba da imave dros socialurad feTqebadi masaa.

mexuTe. rogorc vTqvi, unda vsrulvyoT gadasaxa-debis sistema, vauCerebis, serTifikatebis, bonebis Se-moRebisa da gamoyenebis praqtika da sxv. cnobisaTvis:

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ruseTis mTavrobis 1 vauCeri 10 aTasi maneTi Rirs. ruse-Ti am mizniT 2 trilionze met maneTs xarjavs. metad did-ia vauCerizaciis sirTuleebi saqarTveloSi, magram misi ganxorcieleba aucileblobas warmoadgens. es mosaxle-obis socialuri dacvis erT-erTi qmediTi RonisZiebaa.

meeqvse. saWiroa studenti da moswavle axalgazrdo-bis, omisa da Sromis veteranebis, mravalSviliani ojax-ebis, oboli, udedmamo bavSvebis, Sromis unardakargul-Ta, mosaxleobis sxva fenebis socialuri dacvis farTo programis realizacia. saxelmwifo fondebis paralelu-rad unda Camoyalibdes kerZo sapensio fondebi, samedi-cino dazRvevis kompaniebi, Sromis birJebi, saqvelmoqme-do dawesebulebebi, aucilebelia dasaqmebis axali tipis samsaxurebis Seqmna.

me darwmunebuli var, rom kerZo fondebis formire-baSi monawileobas miiReben Cveni ucxoeli partniorebi da ucxoeli kolegebi, romlebsac perspeqtiulad mi-aCniaT saqarTvelosTan ekonomikuri TanamSromloba, arseboben sxvadasxva umdidresi msoflio fondebi, unda davamyaroT maTTan kavSirebi. es arxi efeqtianad unda gamoviyenoT.

gansakuTrebiT mindoda meTqva studentobaze, moswav-le axlagzardobaze. yvela rezervi, yvela SesaZlebloba unda avamoqmedoT saqarTvelos xvalindeli dRis uz-runvelsayofad. axalgazrdobas patieba unda vTxovoT imisaTvis, rac ufrosma Taobebma misTvis ver gaakeTes, magram me mjera, rom ukeTesi dro mova, 21-e saukunis mijnaze saqarTvelo erT-erTi saintereso maRalganvi-Tarebuli da uzrunvelyofili qveyana iqneba. amas ki mx-olod yvela Taobis, maT Soris axalgazrdobis aqtiuri SromiT, swavliT da TaobaTa TanadgomiT mivaRwevT, Cemo umcroso megobrebo! axalgazrdobis sakiTxi – sakiTxTa sakiTxia CvenTvis.

axalgazrdobis socialuri dacva mTeli eris saqmea. me mivmarTav qarTvel dedebs, qarTvel qalebs, rom-

lebic erT-erTi umTavresi mamoZravebeli Zalaa Cveni sazogadaebisa, Cveni ZarRvia, rogorc ityvian, Cveni

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Zlierebis wyaroa. me kargad vici TiToeulma Cvengan-mac SesaniSnavad icis, ramdeni cremli iRvreba, ramdeni ubedureba trialebs irgvliv, rogori mZime wuTebi da mZime dReebi dgas Tqvens ojaxebSi. magram me imedi maqvs Tqveni sulgrZelobisa, Tqveni vaJkacobisa, Tqveni Tav-dadebisa, Cveni qveynis winaSe. me imedi maqvs imisa, rom Tqven am urTules dReebSi, gansakuTrebiT 11 oqtombers, dadgebiT iq, sadac Cveni xalxia da gadawyvetT arCev-nebis sakiTxebs ise, rogorc es Tqveni ojaxebis, Svilebis, SviliSvilebis interesebs Seesabameba.

meSvide. unda amaRldes mTavrobis, politikuri par-tiebis, konstruqciuli opoziciis, profkavSirebis, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis roli mSromelTa socialur dacvaSi. saWiroa am mimarTulebiT samTavro-bo struqturebis muSaobis ukeT koordinireba da ukeT koreqtireba. me ukve gamovTqvi azri imis Sesaxeb, rom mizanSewonilia konstruqciuli cvlilebebi moxdes sam-Tavrobo struqturebSi, kerZod, gaiyos janmrTelobis dacvisa da socialuri uzrunvelyofis uwyebebi, rom Ti-Toeulma maTganma ukeT Seasrulos maszed dakisrebuli funqcia.

merve. aucilebelia ekologiuri garemos dacva, masStaburi RonisZiebebis gatareba. es problemaa. par-lamenti, darwmunebuli var, daamtkicebs saxelmwifo ekologiur programas, moawyobs saxalxo referendums am sakiTxze.

mecxe. xelfasebis fasebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanisa da kerZod, fondebis Seqmnis dafinansebis evropuli da amerikuli mtkicebebisa da modelebis gamoyenebis gziT. umtkivneulod unda ganxorcieldes ufaso da fasian sa-medicino momsaxurebasa da fasian saSualo da umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaze gadasvla, garkveul masStabeb-Si ufaso ganaTlebisa da samedicino daxmarebis qselis SenarCunebiT. niWieri da unariani axalgazrdoba eris saunjea. arc erTi axalgazrda ar unda daiCagros, yve-las farTo gza unda gaexsnas kulturisa da ganaTlebi-saken. niWieri axalgazrdobis socialuri dacvis mizniT

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saxelmwifom gansakuTrebuli RonisZiebebi unda gaata-ros. niWi ar unda daekargos ers.

dRis wesrigSi dadgena saxalxo ganaTlebis, saSualo da umaRlesi skolis reforma. exla es sistema TiTqmis stiqiurad viTardeba, rac Zvirad ujdeba qveyanas. axali parlamentis, axali xelisuflebis erT-erTi pirveli nabiji am sferos mowesrigeba unda iyos.

rogorc vTqvi, aseve gardauvalia eris sasikeTod janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis Zirfesviani reformac.

samarTlebriv saxelmwifoSi socialur dacvas eqvem-debareba ara marto calkeuli socialuri fenebi, aramed mosaxleobis yvela fena. esaa Cveni koncefciis ZiriTadi arsi.

aseTia xalxis socialuri dacvis sferoSi pirveli etapis amocanebi, pirveli etapi krizisiTa da anarqiiT moculi eris socialurad gadarCenis programas gulisx-mobs.

meore etapze ki socialuri dacvis politika cxovre-bis xarisxis filosofiaze unda avagoT. es ki cxovrebis donis msoflio standartze orientacias niSavs.

V

konkretul socialur gamokvlevebSi, amomrCevel-Ta werilebSi aSkarad aris gamokveTili sakiTxebi, ro-goria parlamentis Tavmjdomared asarCevi kandidatis Sexedulebani erovnuli Tavdacvis dargSi.

saqarTvelos samxedro doqtrina civilizebuli, humanuri da mSvidobismoyvarulia. mas gaaCnia Tavisi politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri da samxedro-Ta-vdacviTi aspeqtebi. Cven aqtiuri neitralitetis poli-tikas vicavT da aqtiuri Tavdacvis poziciaze vdgavarT, magram sakadris pasuxs gavcem yvela agresors sakuTar Zalebsa da erTa msoflio Tanamegobrobaze dayrdnobiT.

Znelia am Temaze auRelveblad laparaki dRes, rode-sac saqarTvelos calkeul regionebSi omi mZvinvarebs.

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es isedac rTuli problemaa, magram mas dRes zed-metad arTulebs, erTi mxriv, destabilizacia, romel-ic sufevs respublikaSi da, meore mxriv, saqarTvelos Secvlili geopolitikuri mdgomareoba damoukideblo-bis miRebis Semdeg. Zveli garantiebi moiSala, axali Se-qmnili ar aris, gardamavali periodi ki metad arastabi-luria da saSiSfeTqebadi.

faqtia: Tavisuflebis mopovebaze ufro Znelia misi dacva, radganac Tavisuflebis mopoveba xangrZlivi, ma-gram erTjeradi istoriuli aqtia, misi dacva ki – ma-radiuli. miT ufro sapatio misia akisria saqarTvelos armias, sahaero da sazRvao qvedanayofebs, jariskacebs, oficrobas, generalitets.

saqarTveloSi dRes, erTi mxriv, aqa-iq gvaqvs samo-qalaqo omis kerebi, meore mxriv, praqtikulad mimdin-areobs samamulo omisaTvis mzadeba, mesame mxriv, eT-nokonfliqtebSia gadazrdili mwvave, politikuri, ekonomikuri da socialuri krizisebi. da es yvelaferi saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobas emuqreba.

maSasadame, armia da floti, romlebsac Cven axla vqmniT, pirvel rigSi unda emsaxurebodnen saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa da teritoriuli mTlianobis, res-publikis saxmeleTo, sazRvao da sahaero sazRvrebis, re-spublikis konstituciuri, demokratiuli wyobilebis, erovnuli usafrTxoebis dacvas.

saqarTvelos politikuri orientacia TandaTanobiT dasavluri, upiratesad evropacentruli da amerikacen-truli xdeba. es politikis strategiuli mimarTulebaa, magram is ar aris mimarTuli mesame qveynebis winaaRmdeg. es srulebiT ar niSnavs tradiciuli megobruli kavSire-bis gawyvetas istoriul mezoblebTan.

Cven Tu xeli aviReT istoriul mezoblebTan – ruseT-Tan, TurqeTTan, ukrainasTan, iranTan, somxeTTan, azer-baijanTan, Crdilo kavkasiis xalxebTan Tanaarsebobaze, TviTon ver viarsebebT. maSasadame, Cveni samxedro do-qtrina, Cveni saerTaSoriso samxedro kavSirebi mxolod TavdacviTi, humanuri da civilizebuli unda iyos. isi-

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ni arasodes ar unda iyvnen mimarTuli aramcTu Cveni me-zoblebis, aramed saerTod arc erTi mesame mxris mimarT, Tu mesame mxare Cvens winaaRmdeg agresias ar mimarTavs.

dRes Cven rTul arastabilur geopolitikur gare-moSi vimyofebiT, sadac erTmaneTs ejaxeba msoflios giganturi saxelmwifoebis, civilizaciebisa da funda-menturi religiuri da ideologiuri moZraobebis samk-vdro-sasicocxlo interesebi. amas iTvaliswinebs Cveni saxelmwifo doqtrina.

unda Camoyalibdes saqarTvelos erTiani da mxolod erTiani SeiaraRebuli Zalebis da samxedro mrewvelo-bis Seqmnis Tanamedrove koncefcia. saqarTvelos armiisa da sazRvao da sahaero flotis, samxedro mrewvelobis Seqmnis doqtrinas safuZvlad unda daedos gonivruli sakmarisobis idea.

saerTo evropuli da amerikuli normebis Sesabamis-ad qveynis Tavdacvis Zalebi ar unda aRematebodes mTeli mosaxleobis 0,6-0,8%-s. vfiqrobT, saqarTvelos armiis piradi Semadgenloba mSvidobianobis dros 20-25 aTas kacs ar unda sWarbobdes. omianobis dros ki qudze kaci unda dadges fexze.

unda amaRldes Tavdacvis saministros roli da avtoriteti, sakvanZo Tanamdebobebi profesionalebma unda daikavon.

ruseTis armiis calkeuli qvedanayofebi Tu moisur-veben saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Semadgenloba-Si Sesvlas, es unda CavTvaloT uaRresad dadebiT da saWiro nabijad. es aris Tanamedrove armiis swrafad da iafad Seqmnis erT-erTi nacadi gza.

rac Seexeba ruseTis armiis beds saqarTveloSi, me araerTxel aRminiSnavs da exlac minda vTqva: Cven sakiTx-is civilizebuli, normaluri molaparakebis gziT gad-awyvetis momxreni varT.

afxazeTis ambebSi uaRresad negatiurad gamoi-kveTa zogierTi rusi generlis roli. gvarebi me ukve davasaxele. iseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba, rom saqarTve-losTan mimarTebaSi igi imave „avRanuri“ principiT xe-

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lmZRvanelobs. aseTi „megobrebis“ meoxebiT daikaves eqstremistebma da gadamTielebma gagra, ganTiadi, le-seliZe. isini amaod fiqroben, rom pensiaze gasvlis Sem-deg „gansakuTrebuli damsaxurebisaTvis“ maT danapireb adgil-mamuls uboZeben qarTul miwaze.

fsouze, saqarTvelos WiSkarTan qarTuli jari Cadgeba. darwmunebuli var, rom ruseTis zogierTi uma-Rlesi rangis saxelmwifo moRvawe gaigebs, Tu ras niS-navs saxelmwifo suvereniteti da ra mniSvneloba aqvs sazRvars suverenuli saxelmwifosaTvis.

Cemi mkacri SeniSvnebi ar exeba saqarTveloSi ganlage-bul, TqvenTvis kargad cnobil samxedro formirebebs, maT mxedarTmTavrebs. isini respublikaSi darCebian im vadebisa da statusis farglebSi, romlebic ruseT-saqa-rTvelos xelSekrulebiT ganisazRvreba. xolo roca isi-ni datoveben saqarTvelos, Cven es Zalian gvinda, rom maT Tan waiRon keTili mogonebebi Cvens xalxze, mis kultur-aze, humanizmze.

sasurvelia daarsdes saqarTvelos samxedro aka-demia.

saqarTvelos erovnuli armia unda TanamSromlobdes msoflios demokratiuli qveynebis armiebTan, natosTan, ruseTisa da TurqeTis armiebTan, unda swavlobdes Tana-medrove msoflio samxedro gamocdilebas, is aRWurvi-li unda iyos Tanamedrove SeiaraRebiT, strategiiTa da taqtikiT. is mSvidobis, Tavisuflebisa da demokratiis armia unda iyos.

saqarTvelom unda miiRos yofili amierkavkasiis samxedro olqisagan Tavisi kanonieri wili: sabrZolo teqnika, materialur-teqnikuri da saswavlo bazebi, Savi zRvis flotis Sesabamisi wilebi da sxva qoneba. am sakiTxze dadgenileba ukve miiRo saxelmwifo sabWom, romelic usaTuod unda ganxorcieldes, magram amas dro sWirdeba.

erTxel kidev minda vTqva, Cvens mezoblebTan urT-ierTobis gamwvaveba saqarTvelos erovnul interesebs ar Seesabameba.

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damoukidebeli saqarTvelo mTvareze ver gadasaxl-deba. unda mas es Tu ar unda, man unda icxovros ruseTis da TurqeTis, sxva mezoblebis gverdiT. amitom keTil-mezobluri urTierToba gvmarTebs orive did qveyanas-Tan. keTil urTierTobas ruseTTan da TurqeTTan, sxva mezoblebTan gonieri qarTvelisaTvis alternativa ar gaaCnia.

dRes mwvaved dgas oficerTa erovnuli kadrebis momzadebis sakiTxi. Cven migvaCnia, rom saWiroa: pirveli. saqarTvelos armiaSi moviwvioT is qarTveli oficrebi, romlebic amJamad ruseTis SeiaraRebul jarSi msaxuro-ben, axla 150-200 axalgazrda amTavrebs samxedro aka-demias. yvela am axalgazrdas vTxovT Camovidnen da emsax-uron TavianT samSoblos, Cven SevuqmniT aq maT saTanado pirobebs. meore. aucilebelia gaformdes saTanado kon-traqtebi saqarTvelos armiaSi ucxoeli specialistebis mosawvevad, saWiroa natos da neitraluri qveynebis armiebis gamocdilebis aTviseba. mesame. ar gagvaCnia erovnuli armiisaTvis saTanado materialur-teqnikuri baza, amitom, – ramdenadac ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes opozicia am azrs, – sxva gza ara gvaqvs, jerjerobiT unda gamoviyenoT ruseTis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Sesabamisi bazebi qarTuli jaris wvrTnisa da formirebisaTvis, am armiis meTaurebi da generlebi.

Cven gvesmis opoziciis gulistkivili, magram maTac unda icodnen, rom saqarTvelos samxedro sabWoSi, mTav-robaSi maTze naklebi patriotebi da mamuliSvilebi ar sxedan. Cven kargad gvesmis, rom saWiroa ucxoeTis SeiaraRebuli jarebis gayvana, magram yvelafers Tavi-si dro aqvs, drois gansazRvras ki isev dro sWirdeba. politikaSi imas ki ver gaakeTeb rac gsurs, aramed rac SesaZlebelia.

qarTveli xalxis samxedro genia saqveynod aris aRi-arebuli. daviT aRmaSeneblis armia ara marto samxedro TvalsazrisiT iyo uZlieresi, aramed moraluri Tval-sazrisiTac. Cven unda avaRorZinoT Cveni erovnuli armi-is patriotizmis, humanizmis, samSoblosaTvis Tavgan-

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wirvis grZnobis tradiciebi, ganvamtkicod disciplina, SevqmnaT strategiuli da taqtikuri azrovnebis Tana-medrove Teoria da praqtika, saTanado daskvnebi gamov-itanoT warumateblobidan, mxedvelobaSi maqvs saomari moqmedeba gagrasTan da misi Sedegebi.

Cven didad vafasebT saqarTvelos gvardias, mxedri-onis, sxva samxedro formirebebis istoriul misias. amasTan, kategoriulad vayenebT sakiTxs erTiani kargad organizebuli, kargad gawvrTnili armiis Seqmnis Sesax-eb. axali etapi axal amocanebs gviyenebs. axal amocanebs axali Tanamedrove armia sWirdeba, erTiani xelmZRvane-lobiT erTiani mmarTvelobiT. TandaTanobiT unda gada-videT nebiT daqiravebulTa institutis damkvidrebaze, es yvelaze efeqtiani formaa samxedro mSeneblobisa.

VI

Cvens xalxs, amomrCevlebs awuxebT eTnokonfliqte-bi, cxeli wertilebi respublikis rukaze. xelisuflebam unda SeimuSaos eTnokonfliqtebis daZlevisa da erovne-baTaSoris konsensusis miRwevis programa. es savsebiT SesaZlebelia.

farTo sazogadoebriobam kargad icis afxazeTis konfliqtis gamomwvevi mizezebi, krizisis mTavari ten-denciebi da Sedegebi. afxazma eqstremistebma da sep-aratistebma afxazeTSi daamkvidres destabilizacia, anarqia da qaosi, daarRvies saqarTvelos konstitucia, arakanonierad „aRadgines“ 1925 wlis e.w. afxazeTis kon-stitucia da saSiSroeba Seuqmnes saqarTvelos terito-riul mTlianobas, SesZles uprecedento politikuri, ekonomikuri da samxedro krizisis provocireba. me kidev vimeoreb, iq qarTuli jari sabrZolvelad ar Sesula. Cven ar vapirebdiT aravisTan brZolas, arc afxazebTan, arc rusebTan. Cvens jars hqonda Tavisi misia saTanado magistralebis da komunikaciebis dacva da a.S. magram afxazma eqstremistebma SesZles provocireba Setake-

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bebisa da Semdeg ukve SeuZlebeli gaxda am konfliqtis daZleva. afxazeTis konfliqtis gadaWris e.w. „afxazuri programis“ analizi gviCvenebs, rom is antikonstituci-uri da antidemokratiulia da amdenad civilizebuli politikisTvis miuRebeli.

dRes afxazeTSi Seqmnili viTareba istoriuli kon-fliqtebis ganviTarebis Sedegia, mas Rrma fesvebi aqvs warsulSi.

Tu sworad ver gavaanalizebT iq mimdinare pro-cesebs verasodes ver davaregulirebT maT. kargad unda gaverkveT Sinagan da garegan faqtorebSi, rom swori politika SevimuSaoT.

pirveli. afxazeTis saSinao konfliqti gamwvavda da is gadaizarda e.w. kavkasiis mTis xalxTa konfeder-aciis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis agresiaSi, agresiam aneq-siis xasiaTi miiRo da dRes interventebi akontrole-ben gudauTisa da gagris raionebs. maT fexqveS gaTeles saerTaSoriso samarTlis civilizebuli normebi da bar-barosobas da vandalizms avlendnen dapyrobil terito-riaze adgilobrivi mosaxleobis mimarT. aseTia prob-lemis faqtologiuri mxare.

meore. saWiroa am faqtebis interpretacia. lokalu-ri samoqalaqo omisa da eTnokonfliqtebis kerebi ga-daizarda masStabur saomar moqmedebaSi da omma saqarT-velosTvis samamulo xasiaTi miiRo, aqedan gamomdinare yvela socialuri da politikuri SedegiT.

mesame. vin dgas qarTvelTmoZule afxazi eqstrem-istebis ukan? pirvel rigSi e.w. kavkasiis mTis xalxTa konfederacia, romelic amJamad Tavs kavkasiis xalxTa konfederaciad asaRebs da romelsac Sors mimavali geg-mebi gaaCnia. ruseTis bevrma xelmZRvanelma es problema bolomde jerjerobiT ver gaacnobiera da amitom am mov-lenebSi sxva mimarTulebiT ereva.

kbilebamde SeiaraRebul razmebSi romlebic afxazi eqstremistebis mxareze ibrZvian, umravlesobas ruseTis moqalaqeni warmoadgenen.

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konfederaciis jarebi afxazeTis konfliqts kavka-siis meore omis erT-erT epizodad miiCneven. meore omis erT-erTi Sedegi, maTi CanafiqriT, saqarTvelosagan afx-azeTis CamoSoreba unda gaxdes.

afxazeTSi omis mizezi am problematikaSi unda veZe-boT, siyalbea imis mtkiceba, rom afxazeTis konfliqti TiTqos dekember-ianvris movlenebma warmoSves. am kon-fliqtis gamomwvevi mizezebi ufro Rrmaa.

saqarTvelos jarebis dislokaciis Secvla afxazma eqstremistebma da Sanibovis konfederaciis daqirave-bulma bandebma omis sababad gamoiyenes. omis namdvili mizezi ki is aris, rac zemoT mogaxseneT: saqarTvelos teritoriis xelyofa, afxazeTis CamoSoreba saqarTve-losagan.

bevri cdilobs konfliqtis mizezebi religiuri faqtoriT axsnas. amasTan dakavSirebiT vacxadeb: Cve-ni damokidebuleba musulmanur xalxebTan didi xania garkveulia. Cven gvinda megobroba da Zmoba yvela mus-limanTan, yvela Turqulenovan qveyanasTan da xalxTan, radganac zogadsakacobrio idealebi erTia da ganuy-ofeli: humanizmi, demokratia, Tavisufleba, Zmoba, mego-broba erTianad Zvirfasia yvelasTvis ganurCevlad sar-wmunoebis, erovnebisa da rasisa.

Cven vebrZviT reaqciul moZRvrebebs: musulmanur fundamentalisturi iqneba is, bolSevikuri Tu faSis-turi warmomavlobisa.

mTavari sakiTxia ra vakeToT? erTi mxriv, aqtiurad unda CavrToT afxazeTis konfliqtis mSvidobian mow-esrigebaSi gaeros swrafi reagirebis SenaerTebi, ev-roparlamenti, natos samSvidobo Zalebi, saerTaSoriso organizaciebi, maT Soris helsinkis moZraoba, msoflio informaciis saSualebebi. unda giTxraT, rom guSin Sed-ga gaeros uSiSroebis sabWos sxdoma, romelmac imsjela afxazeTis konfliqtis Taobaze, sxdoma mTeli ori saa-Ti mimdinareobda. ganxilvas safuZvlad Cveni gancxade-ba daedo. Segvatyobines, rom uaxloes dReebSi Camova gaeros generaluri mdivnis piradi warmomadgeneli, spe-

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cialuri delegacia gaeros generaluri mdivnis moadgi-lis xelmZRvanelobiT imisaTvis, rom gaerkves afxazeTSi Seqmnil mdgomareobaSi da dagvexmaros mis samarTlian mowesrigebaSi. meore mxriv, unda Sesruldes SeTanxmeba afxazeTis konfliqtis mowesrigebis sakTxze. aq gansa-kuTrebulia ruseTis pasuxismgebloba.

konfliqtis gadaWra saxedro gziT, samwuxarod, dRes TandaTanobiT aqtualur xasiaTs iRebs. amisTvis mzad unda viyoT.

afxazeTis konfliqtis politikuri gziT mowesri-gebis aucilebeli pirobaa afxazTa da ucxoel daqirave-bulTa razmebis dauyovnebliv dabruneba im poziciebze, romlebic maT pirveli oqtombrisaTvis eWiraT. sxvanai-rad axali dokumentebis miRebas, axali gancxadebebis deklarirebas azri ara aqvs.

me ar gamovricxav afxazeTis konfliqtis mogvare-baSi, Semdgom etapze Savi zRvis qveynebis aliansis, gan-sakuTrebiT ki TurqeTis ufro aqtiur monawileobas. mosasinji samuSao ukve Sesrulda. dae, ruseTic monaw-ileobdes, dae, TurqeTmac Tqvas Tavisi sityva, Savi zR-vis auzis qveynebis aliansmac, radganac safrTxe, romel-ic arsebobs, didia, iseTi potencialisaa, rom SeiZleba saerTaSoriso konfliqtSi gadaizardos.

Cven upiratesobas vaniWebT Serigebis strategiasa da taqtikas, moviTxovT „mesame Zalis“ daTrgunvas, e.w. mTiel xalxTa konfederaciis sajariso SenaerTebis gay-vanas saqarTvelos teritoriidan.

Cven gaeros maRali tribunidan ganvacxadeT, rom afx-azeTi – saqarTvelos ganuyofeli teritoria iyo, aris da iqneba mudam! is saqarTvelos wmidaTawmida, ZirZveli miwaa.

Cven arasodes ar SevurigdebiT qarTvelTa diskrimi-nacias afxazeTSi, e.i TviT saqarTveloSi.

me gaeroSi vTqvi, afxazeTis parlamentSi erTi afx-azi deputatis asarCevad saWiro iyo amomrCevelTa sam-jer naklebi xma vidre qarTveli deputatis asarCevad, es

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xom afxazTa eTnodiqtaturaa afxazeTSi mcxovreb qarT-velebis mimarT?!

„mTielTa da gadamTielTa konfederaciis“ daqirave-buli jaris intervencia saqarTveloSi erTxel da samu-damod unda aRikveTos.

ruseTis parlamentis mier afxazeTSi Seqmnili kon-fliqtis Sesaxeb miRebuli rezolucia saqarTvelos sa-Sinao saqmeebSi uxeSi, uprecedento Carevis nimuSia da mas SeiZleba Sors mimavali negatiuri Sedegebi mohyves ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobaSi.

miuxedavad negatiuri movlenebisa, Cveni politika pozitiuri da moqnili unda iyos. politikur cnobi-erebaSi ar unda gavaigivoT afxazi separatistebi, eqs-tremistebi da afxazi xalxi. eqstremistebis bandebTan brZolaSi afxazi xalxis jansaRi Zalebi gverdiT unda amoviyenoT. me kidev erTxel vacxadeb: ar arsebobs iseTi problemebi qarTvelTa da afxazTa urTierTobaSi, ro-melTa mogvareba ar SeiZlebodes.

me Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom qarTveli da afxazi xalxebi dasZleven am konfliqts. Cems istoriul opti-mizms realuri safuZveli gaaCnia. amis garantias iZleva qarTvel-afxazTa megobrobis istoriuli tradiciebi.

saWiroa afxazeTis permanentuli konfliqtebis mog-varebaSi afxazeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa rolis axlebu-ri gaazreba da politikaSi maTi aqtivobis amaRleba.

me niu-iorkSic da moskovSic ganvacxade, rom SeTqmulebaSi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg monawileoben ara marto CrdiloeT kavkasiis mTielTa daqiravebuli razmebi, aramed ruseTis reaqciuli Zalebic, maT So-ris e.w. „wiTel-mixakisferi“ reaqcia, romelic hkravs alianss ukidures fundamentalistebTan Sinazrdil fa-SizmTan da separatistebTan.

afxazeTis sakiTxSi Cven unda ganvasxvavoT ruseTis prezidentisa da parlamentis poziciebi, progresuli da reaqciuli Zalebis moqmedeba.

gaero male ganixilavs erovnul umciresobaTa ufle-bebis deklaraciis proeqts. me davayene sakiTxi erovnul

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umciresobaTa ara marto uflebebis, aramed pasuxismge-blobis Sesaxebac. Cemi Rrma rwmeniT ar arsebobs ufle-bebi pasuxismgeblobis gareSe.

saqarTveloSi arsebobs meore didi konfliqturi gordias kvanZi. es Sida qarTlis, samaCablos, e.w. samxreT oseTis konfliqtia. am konfliqtis politikuri mog-varebis istoriuli gakveTili da gamocdilebac bevrs gvaswavlis. aucilebelia dRevandeli mdgomareobis obieqturi Sefaseba, momavlis perspeqtivebis sworad gansazRvra, qarTveli da osi xalxebis saukunoebrivi megobrobis aRdgena.

cxinvalis zonaSi konfliqtis mSvidobiani mowesri-gebis Sedegebi unda ganvamtkicoT. unda aRvniSno am zo-naSi mSvidobiani gziT konfliqtis mogvarebis pirvel etapze ruseTis da gansakuTrebiT Crdilo oseTis xelmZ-Rvanelobis erTi nawilis konstruqciuli roli.

eris sasicocxlo problemebis damuSavebaSi poli-tikur institutebTan erTad didi roli unda Seasru-los mecnierebaTa akademiam. unda daarsdes erovnul urTierTobaTa, eTnikur umciresobaTa da avtonomiur formirebaTa problemebis Semswavleli centri. saWiroa strategiuli da taqtikuri, samecniero-praqtikuli re-komendaciebis SemuSaveba.

me mivmarTav saqarTveloSi mcxovreb yvela xalxs, movuwodeb maT TanamSromlobisa, Zmobisa da megobro-bisaken, arCevis SemTxvevaSi, parlamentis da misi Tavm-jdomarec iZlevian maTi uflebebis dacvis srul garan-tiebs.

yvelam unda gavigoT, rom yofili prezidenti da misi mfarvelebi xels gviSlian xalTa megobrobis ganmt-kicebaSi. maT mier datrialebuli tragedia politikur apokalifss gvagonebs. ramdeni kacia daRupuli maT mier inspirirebul konfliqtebSi, maT Soris samxedro kon-fliqtebSi?! ramdeni miliardis zarali miayenes maT saqa-rTvelos ekonomikas? es metad samwuxaro, damafiqrebeli uaryofiTi tendenciaa. magram am negatiurma movlenebma pozitiuri procesic daaCqares: mraval partiad, poli-

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tikur da eTnikur banakad daSlili eri gaerTianda samS-oblos dasacavad, moxda eris saocari konsolidacia.

qarTvel ers gansacdelis Jams gverdSi amoudgnen saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi erovnuli umciresobebis war-momadgenlebi, isini SeiaraRebul formirebebSic monaw-ileoben. did madlobas veubnebiT yvela maTgans am maRa-li tribunidan. es Cveni didi istoriuli monapovaria da mas arasodes daiviwyebs xalxTa Zmobis qarTuli matiane.

VII

dRes, samwuxarod Rrma kriziss ganicdis ara marto ekonomika da politika aramed kulturac. amitom xeli-suflebis doneze muSavdeba programa mecnierebisa da kulturis dargSi, romelic qarTveli eris mecnierebis ganaTlebis, kulturis aRorZinebasa da msoflio civi-lizaciasTan mis sisxlxorceulad dakavSirebas isaxavs miznad.

me unda giTxraT, rom iseTi patara qveyana rogorc saqarTveloa, ver gava fons, ver gava msoflio da evro-puli standartebis doneze, Tu mecniereba ar aRorZinda. es Zalian didi kapitalia. Cveni erovnuli potenciali, inteleqtualuri potenciali Zalian maRalia. swored aq, am sferoSi gvaqvs imedi Cveni sazRvargareTeli mego-brebisa da partniorebis daxmarebisa. didi samecniero centrebi evropaSi mzad arian CvenTan iTanamSromlon, daexmaron Cvens axalgazrdobas, aiTvisos mecnierebis miRwevebi. didi mecnieruli progresis gareSe Cven ver mivaRwieT did ekonomikur progress. es unda davimaxsov-roT da mecniereba Cveni yoveldRiuri sazrunavi unda iyos.

radac ar unda dagvijdes, unda ganvaxorcieloT kul-turuli krizisis daZlevis erovnuli programa. erTxel vTqvi da axlac vimeoreb: qarTvelma xalxma unda ixsnas kultura, kulturam unda ixsnas qarTveli xalxi. qar-Tuli kulturis xsnis komitetis Seqmnas didi erovnuli mniSvneloba eqneba.

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qarTuli kultura, mogexsenebaT, erT-erTi uZvelesi da unikaluri kulturaa msoflioSi. ar SeiZleba qarT-veli kacis guli kanonieri siamayis grZnobiT ar aivsos roca Tvals avlebs mSobliuri kulturis istorias. 23 saukunis winaT Seiqmna qarTuli anbani. 1600 wlis winaT miviReT qristianoba. 15 saukunis win daiwera dRemde SemorCenili pirveli qarTuli mxatvruli nawarmoebi. V saukuneSi gvyavda didi, msoflio mniSvnelobis filo-sofosi petre iveri (fsevdo dionise areopageli). IV-VI saukuneebSi ukve gvqonda fazisis, ufro gvian gelaTisa da iyalTos akademiebi. XII saukuneSi Seiqmna aRmosavlu-ri renesansis genialuri qmnileba „vefxistyaosani“, rus-Taveli dantes mTeli saukuniT uswrebs win.

WeSmaritad msoflio mniSvnelobisaa Cveni mecniere-ba, literatura, xelovneba, musika, arqiteqtura, Te-atri, kino, qoreografia, mxatvroba... romeli erTi davasaxelo! didia miRwevebi materialuri da sulieri kulturis yvela dargSi, sportSi.

Cven vamayobT saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiiT, Tanamedrove qarTveli mecnierebiT, romelTa saxelebs msoflio icnobs.

amocana imaSi mdgomareobs, rom yvela Taobam aiT-visos erovnuli civilizaciis monapovari, kulturis sulieri kapitali, unda moaxdinos ara marto misi re-producireba, aramed Tavisi wvlilic unda Seitanos mecnierebis, ganaTlebis, kulturis ganviTarebaSi, wi-naaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi gawydeba droTa kavSiri da SeCer-deba progresi. aseTia JamTa svlis ulmobeli kanoni.

parlamentma, xelisuflebam, ganaTlebis saminis-trom, kulturis saministrom, mecnierebaTa akademiam, universitetebma, SemoqmedebiTma kavSirebma aqtiuri monawileoba unda miiRon qarTuli enis, qarTuli kul-turis, qarTuli mecnierebis, mwerlobis, xelovnebis aRorZinebisa da ganviTarebis kompleqsuri globaluri, erovnuli programis SemuSavebasa da xorcSesxmaSi.

saqarTvelo ukve gaxda iuneskos wevri. saWiroa iune-skosTan TanamSromlobis erovnuli programis SemuSaveba.

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mizanSewonilad mimaCnia sazRargareT mxovreb qarT-velTa msoflio kongresis Catareba TbilisSi. msofli-os qarTvelTa saerTaSoriso mudmivmoqmedi asambleis daarseba Cvens dedaqalaqSi, filialebiT niu-iorkSi, parizSi, londonSi, moskovSi, peterburgSi, stambol-Si...

unda vizrunoT erovnul umciresobaTa kulturebze: qveynis civilizebulobis done erovnul umciresobebze zrunvaSic, sxva xalxTa kulturebisadmi damokidebuleb-iTac ganisazRvreba.

Cveni valia dRes saxelmwifo zrunva ar movakloT qa-rTuli wignis, qarTuli saxelmZRvaneloebis gamocemas. masebisTvis xelmisawvdomi unda gavxadoT isini.

izrdeba presis, radios, televiziis, informaciis saministros amocanebi. unda gavicnobieroT dadebiTi da uaryofiTi tendenciebi am dargSi, realurad Seva-fasoT msoflio informaciul omSi, koncefciaTa da ide-aTa brZolaSi Cveni monawileobis reitingi da perspeq-tivebi.

saqarTvelos presa, radio, televizia, sainforma-cio saagentoebi, informaciis saSualebaTa mTeli siste-ma msoflio standartebis doneze unda muSaobdes, unda vizrunoT maT materialur-teqnikur bazaze.

arCevnebis dReebSi unda SevqmnaT da momavalSi mud-mivad unda moqmedebdes msoflio sainformacio samsax-uri, unda movawyoT telexidebi sxvadasxva qveynebis dedaqalaqebTan, msoflio kulturul centrebTan.

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademias unda hqondes SemoqmedebiTi kontaqtebi msoflios yvela wamyvani qvey-nis akademiebTan; yovelwliurad unda ewyobodes msof-lio qarTvelologTa kongresi TbilisSi. saqarTvelom unda iswavlos msoflio da evropuli masStabis poli-tikuri, mecnieruli kongresebis, festivalebis, olimpi-adebis, bankebisa da saerTaSoriso safinanso centrebis xaziT mniSvnelovan SekrebaTa, forumTa maspinZloba.

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VIII

qristianul msofliosTan saqarTvelos demokrati-uli saxelmwifos urTierTobaSi didi rolis Sesruleba SeuZliaT qarTul eklesias, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos, uwmindessa da unetares ilia II-s.

qristianuli morali kacobriobis civilizaciis udidesi monapovaria. me mivmarTav yvelas, visac swams RmerTi: giyvardeT moyvasi Tqveni!

lamazia Cveni miTic da realobac.mogexsenebaT, saqarTveloSi qristianoba, rogorc

saxelmwifo religia 337 wels iqna miRebuli, magram pir-veli qristianebi dasavleT saqarTveloSi jer kidev I saukuneSi gamoCndnen. saqarTvelo RvTismSoblis wilx-vedri qveyanaa.

qristianulma religiam moitana qarTuli mesianu-ri suli da qarTvelis rwmena erovnuli Zalebisad-mi. X saukunis qarTveli poeti ambobs: meored mosvlis Jams RmerTi qarTul enaze ganikiTxavso msoflios. me vfiqrob, es mxolod poeturi metaforaa da ar vici, gan-ikiTxavs Tu ara am enaze RmerTi msoflios, magram ar rwmenam rom gadaarCina qarTuli ena, qarTveli eri, – es faqtia.

unda gavufrTxildeT qarTul enas, suverenuli saqa-rTvelos saxelmwifo enas, rusTvelis enas, ilias, akakis, vaJas, galaktionis enas. davicvaT qarTuli kulturis Zeglebi.

cnobilia qarTuli tolerantizmi, stumarTmoyva-reoba, humanizmi.

saqarTveloSi mudam Tanaarsebobdnen sxvadasxva re-ligiebi: qristianoba, islami, iudaizmi, eklesia, sinago-ga, meCeTi.

qristiani mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis karze moR-vaweobdnen mahmadiani poetebi, filosofosebi, moaz-rovneni. es qarTuli istoriuli tradiciaa da isto-riuli gakveTilia. dRes, rogorc arasdros, saWiroa

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religiaTa Tanaarseboba humanizmisa da kacTa modgmis gadasarCenad, saqarTvelos rogorc civilizebuli qvey-nis, saerTaSoriso prestiJisa da avtoritetis gansamt-kiceblad, msoflio politikasa da kulturaSi saTanado wvlilis Sesatanad.

parlamentma, xelisuflebam yvelaferi unda iRonon eris, enisa da rwmenis gadasarCenad qarTuli sulis kaTarzisisa da renesansisaTvis.

qalbatonebo da batonebo! megobrebo!me isev parlamentis arCevnebis Temas vubrundebi. pirveli, ris Sesaxebac minda vTqva gaxlavT sityva

amomrCevlis pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb. nu daviviwyebT rogori urTulesi daZabulobis da naxevrad qaosis pirobebSi cxovrobs Cveni qveyana. aseTi mdgomareobidan misi gamoyvana SeuZlia Rirseuli deputatebiT Sevsebul parlaments. dRes metad, vidre odesme gvWirdeba fut-kariviT mSromeli, saqmiani, mcodne, ganaTlebuli da pa-tiosani xalxi.

demagogebma da populistebma, moTafluli sityvebis ostatebma, iaffasianma kritikosebma da politikanebma waryvnes qveyana. iyaviT frTxilad!

gTxovT, Zvirfaso megobrebo, marTlac da Svidjer gazomeT da erTxel gasWeriT. Tqvens arCevanze iqneba damokidebuli saqarTvelos bedi, misi xvalindeli dRe.

meore: minda icodeT, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris xalxis mier arCevis idea mekuTvnis ara me, aramed saxel-mwifo sabWos.

me, Tu amirCeven am sapatio Tanamdebobaze vecdebi ga-vamarTlo xalxisa da saxelmwifo sabWos es didi ndoba, mTeli Zal-Rone, energia, gamocdileba movaxmaro axali demokratiuli, Tavisufali, damoukidebeli, suverenu-li saqarTvelos aSenebas.

me minda Cemi eri yvelaze mdidari da bednieri eri iyos msoflioSi, uRrublo iyos misi xvalindeli zeca.

uwyvetia Cveni istoriis droTa kavSiri. awmyo Sobi-li warsulisagan, aris mSobeli momavlisa, – laibnicis

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am sityvebiT gvmoZRvravs aw da maradis eris mama didi ilia.

– ara kacs hkla! – gveubneba qristianuli morali. sisxli arasodes ar unda daiRvaros, magram Tu daRvri-li sisxlis Sewynareba mainc SesaZlebelia, mxolod im-itom, rom mas eris uzenaesi idealebis ganxorcieleba iTxovs msxverplad. gamarTleba ara aqvs, magram misaRebi axsna moepoveba.

marad naTelSi amyofos gangebam mamulisaTvis dace-muli yvela gmiri. fexze adgomiT pativi vceT maT xsovnas.

Cven is eri varT, vinc Seqmna msoflio humanizmis xalxuri Sedevri „leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa“. gaxsovT rogor dastiris qarTveli deda Tavis daRupul Svils da ra sityvebs ambobs: iqneba vefxvis dedai Cemze mwareda tiriso. Cven is eri ara varT, sxvisi tkivili ar gaviz-iaroT. Cven yvela dedis tkivili gvawuxebs.

saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomare, me viqnebi is, Tu sxva, ara marto da ara mxolod qarTvelTa, aramed saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela xalxis lideri unda iyos. aseTia Cemi Sexeduleba.

Tavdeba meore aTaswleuli qristes dabadebidan. kidev ramdenime weliwadi da daiwyeba qristianuli kacobriobis istoriaSi mesame aTaswleuli, saqarTvelo Seabijebs 21-e saukuneSi. metad mniSvnelovani istori-uli gzagasayaria. ori saukunisa da ori aTaswleulis gzajvaredinia. es saocar pasuxismgeblobas akisrebs qa-rTveli eris cocxal Taobebs.

gadavavloT Tvali saqarTvelos istorias, CavwvdeT mis filosofiur suls, rogorc didi ivane javaxiSvi-li, CavwvdeT msoflio istoriis suls. faqtologia Ta-visTavad istoria rodia, faqtis filosofiuri inter-pretaciidan iwyeba istoriis arsisa da sazrisis wvdoma. daveufloT am xelovnebas, CavwvdeT istoriulisa da logikuris dialeqtikas da ufro did samsaxurs gavuw-evT mSobliur ers, deda-saqarTvelos, msoflio civili-zacias, erTa Tanamegobrobas.

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eris mama, didi ilia WavWavaZe aris CemTvis erisadmi mamuliSviluri samsaxuris etaloni. is iyo da aris eris goneba da sindisi.

me profesiiT da mowodebiT istorikosi da pedagogi, politikosi da diplomati gaxlavarT, adamianuri arse-biT – patrioti, humanisti, mamuliSvili. Cemi oponen-tebis gasagonad minda vTqva, rogorc didi galaktioni ityoda: wveTi sisxlis ar aris CemSi ara qarTvelis. qar-Tulia Cemi sityvac, grZnobac da saqmec.

me minda am maRali tribunidan ers vuTxra: WirSic da lxinSic, marad da yvelgan, mSobliuro saqarTvelov me var SenTana!

yvela politikur partias movuwodeb politikuri konsensusisa da civilizebuli TanamSromlobisaken, ers – konsolidaciisaken, xalxebs – Zmobisa da megobrobisak-en!

dae, nanatri mSvidoba da bedniereba samaradJamod damkvidrdes qarTul miwaze!

vaSenoT­axali,­demokratiuli­saqarTvelo­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqa-rTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 10­ oqtomberi.­ –­ N210–211(490).­ –­1,2,3,4,5­gv.

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gaeros generalur mdivans mis aRmatebulebasbaton butros butros galis

pativcemulo b-no generaluro mdivano, kvlav mim-dinareobs da sul ufro farTo masStabs iZens samxedro agresia, romelic CrdiloeTidan SemoWrilma daqirave-bulma da afxazma separatistebma gaaCaRes saqarTvelos – gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis suverenuli wevri saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg. dRemde, mSvidobiani dadebiTi Sedegebi ar mohyolia.

okupirebuli teritoriidan sarwmuno wyaroebidan miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, aq mimdinareobs mSvido-biani mosaxleobis masobrivi Jleta, wameba, gaupatiure-ba da sxva araadamianuri moqmedeba. Znelia imis dajere-ba, rom aseTi barbarosuli aqtebi xdeba meoce saukuneSi.

saqarTvelos mTavrobis saxeliT minda Tqveni meSveo-biT mivmarTo uSiSroebis sabWos wevrebs ganixilos omis borotmoqmedebaTa gamomkvlevi komisiis Seqmnis sakiTxi, raTa Seswavlil da mogrovebul iqnes saqarTveloSi Ca-denil araadamianur qmedobaTa mamtkicebeli faqtebi. saqarTvelo mzad aris yovelmxriv iTanamSromlon aseT komisiasTan da moawodos mas fotosuraTebi, video-filmebi, TviTmxilvelTa Cvenebebi da sxva Sesabamisi saW-iro masala.

minda gacnoboT, rom analogiuri weriliT mivmar-TeT uSiSroebis sabWos Tavmjdomares da vTxovT, gaevre-celebina igi sabWos oficialuri dokumentis saxiT.

neba momeciT, b-no generaluro mdivano, dagidas-turoT Cemi uRrmesi pativiscema Tqvendami.

eduard­SevardnaZe,saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomare.

gaeros­ generalur­ mdivans­ mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ butros­butros­galis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­oqtomberi.­–­N210–211(490).­–­7­gv.

304

eduard SevardnaZe: xvalidan yvelam unda ig rZnos udidesi pasuxismgebloba

qveynis mo mav lisaTvis

1992 wlis 11 oqtombris teleinterviu

daixsomeT es dRe, 1992 wlis 11 oqtomberi Cvens isto-riaSi darCeba, Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno, – Tqva batonma eduard SevardnaZem interviuSi, romelic saqarTvelos televizias misca 11 oqtombers, gvian RamiT, arCevnebis damTavrebis Semdeg, roca ukve cnobili gaxda, rom arCev-nebma warmatebiT Caiara da erTsulovnad dauWires mx-ari mis kandidaturas axali parlamentis Tavmjdomaris postze.

es dRe, – ganagrZo man, – marto Semobrunebis mo-menti ki ar aris Cvens cxovrebaSi, aramed WeSmariti demokratiis damkvidrebis momaswavebelia da me mas im imedebis da rwmenis dRes davarqmevdi, ra imedebiTa da rwmeniTac movida sazogadoebrioba saarCevno yuTebTan.

me yuradRebiT vadevnebdi Tvals arCevnebis mimdin-areobas da did siamayes da sixaruls vgrZnobdi, rom saarCevno ubnebSi modiodnen, Tumca gatanjul-gawame-bulni, magram ara dabeCavebulni, rTuli cxovrebiT daRlil-daqanculni, magram ara waqceulni, aramed mxne da medgari adamianebi da maTs TvalebSi brwyinavda imis rwmena, rom saqarTvelos swored iseTi momavali eqneba, rogoric Cven gvinda, romelzec vocnebobT.

me SemiZlia muxli movidriko Cemi xalxis winaSe da qedi movuxaro mas sibrZnis gamoCenisa mimteveblobisaT-vis. ra gaWirvebas ar gauZlo, ra ubedureba ar datrial-da mis Tavze, magram mainc gvendo da erTaderTi swori gza airCia – gza, romelmac samSvidobos unda gaiyvanos.

marTali giTxraT, mTlad darwmunebuli ar viyavi, Tu aseTi mxardaWera iqneboda, magram xalxis sibrZne mainc mwamda. amitom, Tumca aqeT-iqidan iTxovdnen gadagvedo arCevnebi, mainc dabejiTebiT moviTxovdiT mis Catarebas. Cemi varaudi da prognozi aqac gamarTlda da es ormagad

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sasixaruloa, radgan msoflio praqtikaSi, albaT, ver monaxav iseT qveyanas, romelsac aseTi qaosis pirobebSi, rogorc CvenSi iyo, amdagvari arCevani gaekeTebinos.

bednieri var, rom aseTi mxardaWera moxda, amas udide-si mniSvneloba aqvs, radgan Cven ar movatyueT msoflio, romelic gvendo, Tumca SeeZlo arc gvndoboda. msof-liom Cveni micemuli sityva irwmuna da Cven misi ndoba gavamarTleT. es mTavaria, radgan mxarSi dagvidgnen da gvidganan evropisa da amerikis udidesi saxelmwifoe-bi, mxarSi gvedgnen da amieridan kidev ufro gvedgebi-an saerTaSoriso politikuri da ekonomikuri organi-zaciebi. amitom var madlobeli yvelasi. vimeoreb, axla Cveni sindisi maT winaSe sufTaa – rasac maT davpirdiT yvelaferi SevasruleT.

Cven davadeqiT demokratiis gzas. es udidesi ris-ki iyo SfoTiani qveynis pirobebSi, radgan meore gza mxolod avtoritarul reJimTan midis. magram Cven mx-olod swori, mxolod perspeqtiuli gza avirCieT da mas davadeqiT. axla ki yvelaferi Cvenzea damokidebuli. ma-gram, axla, albaT, veRaraferma veRar unda SegviSalos xeli, radgan xalxis pozicia gamoxatulia. me gamakvirva Cveni sazogadoebis aqtiurobam. gamakvirva, ra bejiTad idgnen es daqanculi adamianebi grZel rigebSi saarCev-no ubnebTan. me vnaxe rigSi mdgari invalidebi, SeuZlod mdgari xalxi... es iyo saocari movlena. amitom darCeba igi Cvens mexsierebaSi, yvela Cveni mokeTis mexsierebaSi, aseTi aqtiuroba iyo yvelgan, moskovSic ki, sadac uamra-vi Cveni respublikis moqalaqe mivida warmomadgenloba-Si gamarTul saarCevno ubanSi; aqtiuroba iyo afxaz-eTSi – soxumSi, gulrifSSi, TviT oCamCireSi, pirdapir frontis xazze, sadac axla saqarTvelos, afxazeTis bedi wydeba. madloba am adamianebs, romlebic aseT viTareba-Si ar kargaven politikur sibrZnes.

gamaoca cxinvalis regionma, iqaurma gatanjulma xalxma, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – am regionSi TiTqmis ar darCenila amomrCeveli, rom Tavisi vali ar moexados. ase moxda cxinvalSic, sadac garkveulma Zaleb-

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ma „akrZales“ arCevnebSi monawileoba, magram mainc Sevi-da iq xalxi da moiTxova xmis micema.

aRarafers vambob Cvens aWaraze, sadac amomrCev-elTa TiTqmis 90% mivida saarCevno yuTebTan. aseve iyo TbilisSi, respublikis bevr raionSi.

me vTvli, 11 oqtombers imedis dRe unda daer-qvas-meTqi. es ki niSnavs, rom xvalidan yvelam unda ig-rZnos udidesi pasuxismgebloba qveynis momavalisaTvis, maT Soris – mec. yvelaze cudi xalxis imedgacruebaa da RmerTma nu qnas es dagvemarTos. xalxma axal kurss, Zalian Znel kurss dauWira mxari da Cven ara gvaqvs ufleba misi imedi ar gavamarTloT.

ra unda gakeTdes uwinaresad? xval an zeg unda Seiqm-nas uSiSroebis, erovnuli Tavdacvis sabWo. Cveni yofa axla samamulo oms hgavs. amitom Cemi da Cveni axlad ar-Ceuli deputatebis pirveli nabijebi is iqneba, rom qvey-anaSi damyardes wesrigi. vimeoreb, axla mTavaria wes-rigis damyareba. Zalian male unda igrZonos xalxma, rom movida kanonieri xelisufleba da igi bolos mouRebs yovelgvar ukanonobas da usamarTlobas, banditizms, narkomanias, sxva danaSauls. Cven yvelaferi unda viRo-noT saimisod, rom xalxis mdgomareoba SevamsubuqoT, mo-dis zamTari, rTuli periodi, amitom imis minimumi mainc unda mivceT xalxs, rac sWirdeba. Tu amas movaxerxebT es didi bedniereba iqneba.

aRiniSna ra saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi sxvadasx-va erovnebis mosaxleobis aqtiuroba arCevnebis dRes, batonma eduard SevardnaZem rusulad Tqva: me minda didi madlierebiT mivmarTo respublikis sxvadasxva erovnebis moqalaqeebs – rusebs, somxebs, azerbaijan-elebs, ebraelebs, osebs, berZnebs, qurTebs, afxazTa im nawils, romlebmac am Znelbedobis Jams mxari dauWires Cvens demokratiul kurss. kvlav vadastureb Cems adre naTqvams, rom mravalerovani saxelmwifos mSeneblo-bis Cemeuli Sexeduleba, razec maTTan mqonda saubari da rasac davpirdi, ar Seicvleba, da igi uTuod xorcs Seisxavs.

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arCevnebSi monawileobis saerTo maCvenebeli, winas-wari monacemebiT, 78-80 procentia, – Tqva Semdeg eduard SevardnaZem, – 7 raionSi arCevnebi ar gamarTula. magram am raionebis mosaxleobasTan gabutvas ar vapireb. kargad mesmis maTi mdgomareoba da mjera: gaivlis cota dro, da roca yvelaferi dawynardeba, isinic ityvian TavianT si-tyvas. amrigad, Tu saerTo maCvenebels am raionebis amom-rCevelTa procentul raodenobas gamovaklebT, 70 pro-centi mainc gamodis. klasikur demokratiul qveynebSic ki 50-60 procenti did gamarjvebad iTvleba. amitom arCevnebis Sedegebi friad damajerebeli da STambeWda-via.

saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­xvalidan­yvelam­unda­igrZnos­udidesi­pasux-ismgebloba­qveynis­momavlisaTvis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­oqtomberi.­–­N212–213(492).­–­1,5­gv.­

308

axla Zalze mniSvnelovania gavamarTloT medebi

eduard SevardnaZis preskonferencia

12 oqtombers TbilisSi, sastumro „metexis“ sakon-ferencio darbazSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem, romelmac wina dRiT gamarTul respublikis parlamentis arCevnebSi, ro-gorc parlamentis Tavmjdomaris postis kandidatma, amomrCevelTa xmebis absoluturi umravlesoba miiRo, gamarTa preskonferencia qarTveli da ucxoeli Jurnal-istebisaTvis.

preskonferenciis gaxsnisas eduard SevardnaZem madlierebis sityvebiT mimarTa yvela sazRvargareTel eqspert-meTvalyuresa da masobrivi informaciis sa-SualebaTa warmomadgenlebs, romlebic Camovidnen saqa-rTveloSi imisTvis, rom msoflios gaagebinon simarTle saqarTvelos, aq mimdinare procesebis, arCevnebis msvle-lobis Sesaxeb, romlebsac rogorc man Tqva, istoriuli mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelos bedisaTvis. saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem didi da gulwrfeli madlierebis sityvebiT moixsenia saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, respub-likis yvela moqalaqe, romlebmac axlandeli Znelbedo-bis miuxedavad, dauWires mxari axal xelisuflebas, mis kurss – demokratiul gardaqmnebs rom isaxavs miznad, da aqtiuri monawileoba miiRes axali parlamentis arCev-nebSi.

eduard SevardnaZem kmayofilebiT gausva xazi amom-rCevelTa did procents, romlebmac miiRes monawileo-ba kenWisyraSi dReisaTvis TviT iseT cxel regionSic ki, rogoric aris afxazeTi, axsna es imiT, rom adamianebs CaesaxaT imedi, igrZnes, rom axali xelisufleba SeZlebs konfliqtis mogvarebas avtonomiur respublikaSi. axla Zalze mniSvnelovania, ganacxada man, gavamarTloT es imedebi. aRiniSna, rom amomrCevelTa Zalze didi procen-tia dafiqsirebuli im regionebSic, sadac kompaqturad

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cxovroben erovnul umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebi. rogorc arCevnebis winaswarma Sedegebma cxadyves, ara marto qarTvelebma, aramed rusebma, somxebma, azerbai-janelebma, osebma, berZnebma, ebraelebma, qurTebma, yvela erovnebaTa warmomadgenlebma aqtiurad daadastures, rom erTguloben im rTul, magram perspeqtiul demokra-tiul gzas, romelsac adgas saqarTvelo da apirebs kvla-vac mtkiced iaros am gziT.

Seexo ra dReisaTvis respublikis winaSe mdgom prob-lemebs, eduard SevardnaZem dawvrilebiT ilaparaka im sirTuleebze, romlebic warmoiqmna ruseTTan urT-ierTobaSi. man, kerZod, damswreT acnoba, rom dRisiT Sedga misi satelefono saubari ruseTis federaciis prezidentTan boris elcinTan, romelmac miuloca mas damajerebeli gamarjveba arCevnebSi. am saubris dros, Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, ganvixileT agreTve Cveni momavali Sexvedris sakiTxi. igi SeiZleba gaimarTos xval an ramdenime dRis Semdeg, aRniSna man. yvelaferi damokidebulia imaze, Tu raoden swrafad dasruldeba muSaoba dokumentis proeqtze, romelic unda miviRoT am Sexvedraze. erTi ram cxadia, Tqva e. SevardnaZem: ax-ali dokumenti uTuod unda uwyobdes xels jer kidev 3 seqtembers moskovSi afxazeTis Sesaxeb Cvens mier xel-moweril SeTanxmebaTa ganxorcielebas. kiTxvaze, Tu sad SeiZleba gaimarTos saqarTvelosa da ruseTis xelmZR-vanelTa umaRlesi donis Sexvedra, eduard SevardnaZem daasaxela soxumis raioni.

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomarem upa-suxa JurnalistTa mraval kiTxvas.

axla­Zalze­mniSvnelovania­gavamarTloT­imedebi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­oqtomberi.­–­N212–213(492).­–­1­gv.

310

eduard SevardnaZe: Cven yvelas erTi didi mdi nareRa dagvrCa gadasacuri da, mjera,

er Tad gadavcuravT

orSabaTis tradiciuli radiointerviu

– mivesalmebi radiomsmenelebs da uwinaresad, rac unda vTqva, es aris didi madlierebis sityvebi im sayovelTao ndobis gamo, romelic xalxma arCevnebis dros gamomicxada. darwmunebuli brZandebodeT, rom mTeli Cemi codna da ga-mocdileba, darCenili sicocxlis yoveli wuTi Cveni qvey-nis damoukideblobisaTvis zrunvas moxmardeba, – ganacxada orSabaTs, 19 oqtombers saqarTvelos respublikis parla-mentis Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem Tavis tradici-ul interviuSi radiokomentator nato onianTan.

is saqarTvelo, romlis xelmZRvanelic adre viyavi, da dRevandeli Cveni qveyana rogorc ca da dedamiwa ise gansx-vavdeba erTmanTisagan. im wlebSi Cven ar vicodiT, Tu ase male moxdeboda yvelaferi, ase male mivaRwevdiT Tavisu-flebasa da damoukideblobas da sruliad axali qveynis mSeneblobas SevudgebodiT.

roca oTxmociani wlebis miwuruls da oTxmocdaaTiani wlebis damdegs ukve naTeli gaxda, rom sabWoTa kavSiri veR-ar iarsebebda, vxedavdi, rom misi rRvevis procesi da axali qveynis formireba TandaTanobiT unda momxdariyo da misi marTvis sadaveebi xelidan ar gagveqceoda... magram, samwux-arod, es ase ar moxda. amitom am uzarmazarma saxelmwifo warmonaqmnma, romlis yvela ujredi erTmaneTTan iyo dakav-Sirebuli, erTianad daiwyo rRveva yvela doneze da mis civ-ilizebul kalapotSi moqceva ukve aRaraviTar Zalas aRar SeeZlo. amitomac davdeqiT aseTi mZime amocanebis winaSe. marTalia, Cven axla bednieri varT, rom nanatr Tavisufle-bas mivaRwieT, rogorc ityvian, „Cveni Tavi Cvenadve gveyud-nis“, magram igi Zalian ZviradRirebuli bednierebaa. kvlav arsebobs cxeli wertilebi saqarTvelos rukaze, faqto-brivad iseT omSi varT Cabmuli, rom mas SeiZleba samamuloc ki ewodos, magram, simarTle giTxraT, axla ufro imedianad

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var ganwyobili, vidre am ori-sami Tvis winaT. es ki arCev-nebis Sedegia, romlis drosac Cvenma xalxma didi sibrZne da windaxeduleba gamoiCina. faqtobrivad moxda jansaRi Zalebis konsolidacia, risTvisac virjebodiT da riskenac yvelas movuwodebdiT. gamoerkvnen TviT iseTi adamianebic ki, romlebsac rTul politikur situaciaSi garkveva uWir-daT. es Zalian damaimedebeli procesi gaxlavT da man Ses-aZloa Cvens Semdeg winsvla didi sargebloba moutanos. amitom mjera, rom uTuod moviSuSebT Wrilobebs, ekonomi-kaSic mivaRwevT Zvrebs, da, rac mTavaria, xalxs Sevumsub-uqebT mdgomareobas, romelsac nanatr TavisuflebasTan erTad mZime xvedri ergo wilad. amisaTvis Cven yvelaferi unda viRonoT.

Seexo ra mimdinare kviris mTavar amocanebs, saqa-rTvelos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem Tqva, rom afxazeTis movlenebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garda, romlebic faqtobrivad yoveldRiur daZabul muSaobas moiTxovs, am kviraSi erT-erTi mTavari amocana iqneba respublikis parlamentis sxdomis mowveva da xeli-suflebis sakiTxis gadawyveta. Cveni mTavroba muSaobs, igi Seasrulebs Tavis movaleobas, magram wesi wesia. meorec, Cven gadasawyveti gvaqvs Sidasaparlamento funqciebi, komisiaTa funqciebi, urTierToba aRmasrulebel xelisu-flebasTan. es iseTi sakiTxebia, romlebzec diskusiis droc ki ar gvrCeba, rac SeiZleba swrafad unda gadavwyvitoT. upirveles yovlisa unda miviRoT kanoni xelisuflebis Ses-axeb. Cven parlamenturi respublika varT da parlamenti iqneba is mTavari rgoli, sadac unda gadawydes Cveni qveynis ganviTarebis bevri sakiTxi. magram, Tu Cven Zlieri xeli-sufleba ar gveyola, gagviWirdeba. amitom Zlieri xelisu-flebis Seqmnas did mniSvnelobas vaniWebT.

Cvens qveyanaSi arsebuli mravalpartiuloba bunebrivi movlenaa da amas realurad vuyurebT, magram imedic gvaqvs, rom partiuli interesebi saerTo-saqveyno interesebs ar daupirispirdeba da mTavar sakiTxebze did dros ar davx-arjavT. dro axla Cveni yvelaze didi deficitia, aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem.

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afxazeTis movlenebze saubrisas respublikis parla-mentis Tavmjdomarem iq Seqmnil viTarebas ukiduresad daZabuli uwoda. Cven xelT gvqonda SesaniSnavi baza, rom mSvidobiani politikuri meTodebiT gadagvewyvita iqauri sakiTxebi, – Tqva man, – es iyo moskovSi 3 seqtembers xelmow-erili xelSekruleba, magram samwuxarod, am dokumentisad-mi ara marto afxaz liderTa mxridan, aramed TviT ruseT-Sic ki ar arsebobs erTgvarovani damokidebuleba. ruseTis prezidentis azrs bevri iziarebs ruseTSi, bevrma moiwona misi aseTi wingadadgmuli nabiji, magram imdeni wyalqveSa meCeTi aRmoCnda, rom winsvla Seferxda. faqtobrivad ki is miviReT, rom es xelSekruleba Sirmad gamoiyenes, raTa gagraze Seteva daewyoT, Cveni Zalebi ki amisTvis mzad ar aRmoCndnen. axla ruseTis saSuamavlo misia Sesustebulia. ruseTs faqtobrivad aRar darCa bevri rezervi, rom es misia Seasrulos. afxazeTis konfliqtis mogvarebis sakon-trolo komisiis ruseTis warmomadgenelma wevrebma, rom-lebic gudauTasa da soWSi moqmedebdnen, Tavisi misia ver Seasrules, radgan sakiTxebis Zalismieri meTodebiT gamoy-enebas dauTmes ufro metad mTeli TavianTi yuradReba da politikurma meTodebma ukana planze gadaiwia. maT cxinva-lis regionis variantis gadmoReba scades afxazeTSi. afx-azeTi ki sul sxva regionia. amitom es varianti ar gamodga. samwuxarod, maTi darwmuneba gaWirda.

Semdeg saubari Seexo saerTaSoriso gamoxmaurebebs afxazeTis movlenebTan dakavSirebiT. saerTaSoriso sazo-gadoebrivi azri, Tqven amCnevT, Cvens sasargeblod aris, – aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem. – Cemi azriT, sayovelTao mxardaWera pova Cemma im mosazrebam, rom erT-erTi didi safrTxe TanamedroveobisaTvis, romelmac SesaZloa didi saerTaSoriso areuloba gamoiwvios, eqstremizmTan Ser-wymuli separatizmis. nela, magram ruseTSic iwyeben imis gagebas, rom marto iugoslaviaSi da saqarTveloSi ki ara, SesaZloa es sakiTxi iqac dadges da didi vneba moutanos mas.

amitom, roca separatizmze vlaparakob (da Cven yve-lafers viRonebT imisaTvis, rom CvenTan igi ar arsebob-des), es imas ki ar niSnavs, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovreb xalx-

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ebs wavarTmevT Tavis uflebebs. ara, me vgulisxmob imas, rom Cven sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso stand-artebis mixedviT unda vimoqmedoT da es standartebi unda gaxdes CvenTan mcxovrebi yvela erovnebis adamianTa ufle-bebis dacvis garanti. magram isic unda gvaxsovdes, rom, roca erovnul umciresobaTa uflebebzea laparaki, iqve ar unda gvaviwydebodes maTi pasuxismgeblobac erTiani qveynis mSeneblobaSi. isini yvelani erTad unda zrunvad-nen misi winsvlisa da ayvavebisaTvis da es maTi uflebebis dacvis sawindaric iqneba. me ramdenjerme vTqvi da axlac minda gavimeoro, – Tqva Semdeg eduard SevardnaZem, – rom demokratiis erT-erTi sazomia adamianis uflebebis dacva, saerTod adamianisa da ara marto erovnuli umciresobisa. amitom, Tu Cven, vTqvaT, afxazeTSi marto afxazTa inter-esebis dacvisTvis vizrunebT (Tumca, es zrunva, cxadia, saW-iroa) da sxvebis interesebs daviviwyebT, es karg Sedegamde ar migviyvans. amitom, vimeoreb, yvela adamianisaTvis zrun-va, yvela erovnebis adamianTa uflebebis dacvaa saWiro.

radiokomentatoris kiTxvaze, Tu rogor ganviTardeba movlenebi samegreloSi, saqarTvelos respublikis parla-mentis Tavmjdomarem Tqva, rom kontaqtebi da molaparakeba iqaur ZalebTan mimdinareobs, amitom mSvidobiani gziT am saqmis mogvarebis gzebi amowuruli ar aris. bevri maTgani fiqrobs, rom wavides afaxazeTSi da iq moixados vali saqa-rTvelos winaSe. Cemi monacemebiT, – Tqva man, – soxumSi Ses-aZloa moxdes kidev erTi Sexvedra xelisuflebis warmomad-genlebsa da am razmebis liderTa Soris. Tumca aqamde aseTi Sexvedrebi bevri iyo, magram sasurveli Sedegi ar moutania. arada, kargi iqneboda, rom SeTanxmeba momxdariyo, – dasZina man. – me mjera, rom am kuTxis mosaxleoba gamoiCens sibrZnes da gambedaobas, ar dauWers mxars sxva mimarTulebiT am pro-cesebis ganviTarebis cdas da monaxavs Tavis misias erTiani saqarTvelos mSeneblobis saqmeSi. me Zalian ganvicdi, rom aseTi aranormaluri viTarebaa samegreloSi – zugdidSi, walenjixaSi, nawilobriv CxorowyuSi. ori kviraa iq puric ki ar gamomcxvara. mosaxleoba ukiduresad gaWirvebulia. samwuxarod, iq verafris Setana ver xerxdeba. Cven gvaqvs

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amJamad imis saSualeba, rom raime mivawodoT am kuTxes, sa-dac amJamad afxazeTidan gadmosuli ltolvilebic arian, magram wesrigi Tu ar damyarda da am samsaxurebs muSaobis elementaruli pirobebi ar SeeqmnaT, araferi gamova.

wesrigi saWiroa yvelgan. mafiasTan brZola rTuli iqne-ba, magram unda ganvasxvaoT erTmaneTisagan mafia da biznesi, maT Soris Zalian didi sxvaobaa. biznesi TviTon aris daint-eresebuli, rom mafia ar arsebobdes, magram es ukanaskneli seriozuli movlenaa, es marto puris rigebs ar exeba. puri TbilisSi imdeni cxveba, rom rigebi ar unda arsebobdes, ma-gram puris Setana Wirs maRaziebSi. asevea sawvavis Semota-nis saqmec. es sferoebi axla garkveuli pirebis xelSia da isini cdiloben imdeni Semoitanon, ramdenic didi fasebis SenarCunebas uzrunvelyofs. aseT xalxs biznesTan, cxadia, saerTo araferi aqvs. amitom, roca Zlier xelisuflebaze vlaparakob, mis funqciaSi swored aseTi movlenebis wi-naaRmdeg principul moqmedebasac vgulisxmob. organizebu-li danaSauli arc erT qveyanaSi ar rCeba dausjeli. amasTan dakavSirebiT xSirad ixseneben Znel dros da amboben, erT mdinareSi kaci orjer ver Sevao. politikoss ar SeuZlia marto dinebas mihyves da ar miiRos meore gadawyvetileba, rom dinebis sawinaaRmdegodac iaros da moerios. es, cxa-dia, rTuli saqmea, radgan SesaZloa dineba iseTi mZlavri iyos, rom ver gauZlos, magram cda ar unda daaklos. roca samSobloSi vbrundebodi, vicodi, rom Zalian xSirad unda mevlo dinebis winaaRmdeg, axla ki, vfirob, es saWiro aRar iqneba, radgan Cven yvelas erTi didi mdinareRa dagvrCa ga-dasacuri, da mjera – mas erTad gadavcuravT.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­yvelas­erTi­didi­mdinareRa­dagvrCa­ga-dasacuri­da,­mjera,­erTad­gadavcuravT­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­20­oqtomberi.­–­N215­(494).­–­1,2­gv.

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qarTulad gamoica „Cemi arCevani“

axlaxan gamomcemloba „ganaTlebam“ gamosca Tana-medroveobis gamoCenili sazogado da politikuri moRvawis eduard SevardnaZis wigni – „Cemi arCevani“ („demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis dasacavad“).

avtori mogviTxrobs Tavisi cxovrebisa da saqmia-nobis Sesaxeb. gansakuTrebuli adgili eTmoba eduard SevardnaZis moRvaweobas did politikaSi – msoflios erT-erTi udidesi saxelmwifos, yofili sabWoTa kav-Siris sagareo saqmeTa ministris postze mis muSaobas.

„Cemi arCevani“ ukve gamoica 15 qveyanaSi – germaniaSi, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, safrangeTSi, inglisSi, iaponiaSi, ruseTSi da sxv.

wigns axlavs avtoris winasityva, romelsac qvemoT gTavazobT:

am wignis saqarTveloSi gamocemis iniciatorebma mTx-oves winasityvaoba damewera. ar gamomivida (jojoxeTu-ri mouclelobis gamo). gadavwyvite ramdenime sityviT Semovifarglo. raRa Tqma unda, am frazebs winaTqmis pretenzia ara aqvs.

Cemma keTilma megobarma hans-ditrix genSerma Tbilis-Si yofnisas mis mSobliur qalaq haleSi Cveni mogzauro-ba gaixsena. me mas marTlac mivmarTe sevdianma da gul-dawyvetilma (razec viyavi guldawyvetili, sxva dros vityvi), meRirseba, ki saqarTveloSi gimaspinZlo-meTqi? imasac vityvi da genSeric damidasturebs: roca Cven Ta-namedroveobis urTules problemebs vixilavdiT, dauWe-riaT momentebi, roca me gansaxilveli sakiTxis nacvlad sxva saganze gadamitania fiqri. mqonda aseTi „fiqriani pauzebi“ didi dialogis drosac ki da me genSerisTvis gamimxelia, rom am wamieri „gamoTiSvis“ mizezi Cemi sam-Sobloa-meTqi.

gangebam ase ineba: patara qveynis, mcirericxovani eris warmomadgeneli im giganturi saxelmwifoebrivi warmonaqmnis olimpze aRmoCnda, romelsac sabWoTa kav-

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Siri erqva. am umaRlesi gadasaxedidan, mTeli planeta rom xelisguliviT moCanda, Cemi Tvalmargaliti, Cemi saqarTvelo Tavisi TvalismomWreli kiafiT Semaxsenebda Tavs. igi meubneboda: iyav frTxilad, imoRvawe Rirseu-lad, akeTe sxva xalxebisTvis is, rasac Seni qveynisaTvis moimoqmedebdio.

RmerTmani, vcdilobdi am Segonebis erTguli vyo-filiyavi. rogor SevZlo es, nawilobriv am patara wigni-danac Cans. ufro meti saTqmeli da dasaweri momavlis saqmea.

Cemo mkiTxvelo, me araerTxel miTqvams, rom samSob-loSi me davbrundebi mTeli Cemi ganvlili gziT, dam-saxurebebiTa da SecdomebiT, mTeli Cemi tvirTiTa da politikuri kapitaliT. yvelaferi, rac gamaCnia, ra-sac Sevqmni da rasac davwer, saqarTvelos kuTvnilebaa. davbrundebi imisaTvis, rom aRarasodes davtovo Cemi qveyana, movaxmaro mas darCenili Zalebi, codna, gamoc-dileba, saxeli da dideba, aRiareba Cemi (Tu ki aseTi fenomeni arsebobs msoflioSi.

Cemo mkiTxvelo, Cemo qveyanav, Znelbedobis Jami dagvadga. rom gadavrCeT, bewvis xidze unda viaroT. es SesaZlebelia. axla mTavaria ar SevdrkeT, sasowarkve-Tas ar miveceT, mxari mxars mivceT, erTmaneTs gavufrTx-ildeT, erTmaneTi davindoT.

saqarTvelo RvTiswili qveyanaa, mas gadaSeneba ar uweria. me Rrmad mwams, rom Cven vivliT humanizmis, demokratiis gziT da avaSenebT axal, Tavisufal, damou-kidebel da bednier saxelmwifos.

eduard­SevardnaZe.20.09.92­weli.

Tbilisi.­

qarTulad­gamoica­„Cemi­arCevani“­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­21­oqtomberi.­–­N216­(495).­–­1­gv.

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axali saqarTvelos saamayod!

qarTuli Turqologiis patriarqs akademikos sergi jiqias

Rrmad pativcemulo batono sergi, guliTadad mo gilocavT

dabadebis dRes Cveni qveynis gamoCenil mecniersa da sazogado

moRvawes.

mTeli Tqveni Segnebuli cxovreba Tqven qarTuli mecnierebis

winsvlasa da aRmavlobas miuZRveniT.

didi qarTveli mamuliSvilebis ivane javaxiSvilis, korne-

li kekeliZis, akaki SaniZis, giorgi axvledianis mier mironcxebu-

li moqalaqe, mecnieri da moRvawe, sruliad axalgazrda, Tur-

qologiis safuZvlebis dasaufleblad stambolis universitetSi

brZandebodiT mivlinebuli, sadac didi mondomebiT SeiswavleT

qarTul-Turquli istoriul-literaturuli urTierTobani.

jer kidev naxevari saukunis winaT Tqven Tbilisis universi-

tetSi CamoayalibeT Turqologiis kaTedra, mogvianebiT ki akade-

mikos giorgi wereTelTan da sxva gamoCenil mecnierebTan erTad

iyaviT universitetSi aRmosavleTmcodneobis fakultetisa da

Semdgom, aRmosavleTmcodneobis institutis Seqmnis Taosani. am

institutSi dRemde ucvlelad xelmZRvanelobT Turqologiis

ganyofilebas.

Tqven udidesi aRiareba mogitanaT „gurjistanis vilaieTis

didi davTris“ publikaciam da mecnierulma analizma, agreTve

sxva fundamenturma naSromebma, romlebic qarTuli mecnierebis

saganZurSi Sevida.

kidev erTxel gilocavT dabadebis dRes. janmrTelobas da

bednierebas gisurvebT Tqven da Tqvens ojaxs. idRegrZeleT Cveni

sayvareli qveynis, axali saqarTvelos saamayod da sasikeTod.

pativiscemiT

eduard­SevardnaZe.

axali­saqarTvelos­saamayod!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­res-publika.­–­1992.­–­22­oqtomberi.­–­N217­(496).­–­1­gv.

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Zlieri parlamenti ar gamoricxavs Zlier xelisuflebas

eduard SevardnaZis 26 oqtombris radiointerviu

axla mTeli qveyana parlamentis Sekrebas elodeba, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem Tavis tradiciul radioint-erviuSi orSabaTs 26 oqtombers radiokomentatorTan nato onianTan saubarSi, roca ganvlili kviris movlene-bi gaaanaliza. – parlamentis pirveli sxdoma gaimarTeba mas Semdeg, rac centraluri saarCevno komisia, romelic axla intensiurad muSaobs, gamoacxadebs saboloo Sede-gebs.

Cven gvakritikeben, TiTqos parlamentis Sekreba gaWi-anurda. magram arCevnebis saboloo Sedegebis Sejamebis procesi rTuli gamodga, centralurma saarCevno komi-siam detalurad unda gaarkvios yvelaferi, maT Soris – gaugebrobebic. amitom parlamentis sxdomis mowvevis ufleba ara gvaqvs. es muSaoba axla mTavrdeba da or-sam dReSi sxdoma gaimarTeba.

vTqvi da axlac vimeoreb: Cveni mTavari sazrunavi is aris, rom Cvenma axalma parlamentma swrafad miiRos kanoni xelisuflebis Sesaxeb, romlis miRebazec bevrad aris damokidebuli ramdenad radikaluri iqneba cvli-lebebi sakadro politikaSi. zogadad, Cemi Sexeduleba iseTia, rom garkveuli Zvrebi unda moxdes, es am rTuli etapisaTvis aucilebelia. amitom vTxov yvelas – moikri-boT moTmineba da davelodoT am kanonis miRebas, romlis Semdegac yvelaferi Camoyalibdeba.

me momxre var principisa, rom saqarTvelo saparla-mento respublika iyos, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – romelsac Zlieri aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba eyoleba. Zlieri parlamenti ar gamoricxavs Zlier xelisuflebas. demokratias dacva sWirdeba. madloba RmerTs, axla par-lamenti gvyavs, xelisufleba ki unda Seiqmnas.

Tqven gaxsovT, am Temaze iyo kamaTi, Tu rogori gziT wavsuliyaviT. maSinac prezidentis arCevis winaaRmdegi

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viyavi. ise unda gavakeToT, rom xelisufleba parlamen-tis dauzaraleblad gavaZlieroT. xedavT, ra dramatu-li winaaRmdegobebia ruseTSi, rogor Znelad wydeba um-niSvnelovanesi problemebi. Cven gvaqvs imis saSualeba, rom Cvenive situaciisa da mdgomareobis Sesabamisi mod-eli SevqmnaT da es saSualeba unda gamoviyenoT.

Seexo ra am dReebSi ruseTis jarebis Stabis Senobas-Tan gamarTuli mitingis da manifestaciis moTxovnebs. eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom am Temaze saubrisas yovelTvis unda viTvaliswinebdeT drois faqtors da sworad virCevdeT mas. gadawyvetilebac maSin unda mivi-RoT, roca saamiso dro dadgeba. amJamad ki, iseTi xana gvidgas da, vfiqrob, iseTi dro modis, rom yvela aspeq-tis, yvela niuansis gauTvaliswineblad raime nabiji ar unda gadavdgaT da am sakiTze gadawyvetileba ise ar unda miviRoT.

metsac vityvi: Cven araviTari ufleba ara gvaqvs Tbilisi sahaero Tavdacvis sistemis gareSe davtovoT! Tu romelime organizacias aqvs raime sxva saSualeba am sakiTxis gadasawyvetad, mzad var moviwvio da ganvixilo igi, magram manamde qalaqs daucvels ver davtovebT. Cven-Tan axlo regionebSi arian Zalebi, romlebsac SeuZliaT dagvbombon kidec... mere am saqmes mitingi veRar uSvelis.

radiokomentatoris SekiTxvaze, Tu ra uSvelis afx-azeTSi Seqmnil viTarebas, eduard SevardnaZem SeniSna: Cemi azriT, pirvel rigSi gviSvelis afxazur-qarTuli urTierToba. me mjera, – Tqva man, – dadgeba dro, roca orive eri Tavis beds TviTonve gadawyvets, yovelgvari ucxo Carevis gareSe, magram axla jer es dro ar damdga-ra. amitom yvela sxva faqtori, romlebic aqaur viTare-baze moqmedebs, uTuod unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli. pirvel rigSi es gaxlavT ruseTis faqtori, aviRoT saqa-rTvelo-ruseTis sazRvari: is, rom ruseTs ar hqonda Ca-ketili, albaT wagvlekavdnen. amitom zogjer CurCuliT rom amboben, ra undaT, ratom monawileoben am sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSio, ar aris seriozuli msjeloba.

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TviT saerTaSoriso organizaciebic ar arian jer mzad imisTvis, rom Caerion am saqmeSi, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – magram, rac maT gaakeTes sakiTxis ganxil-viT, rezoluciis miRebiT dawyebuli da keTili nebis misiebis gamogzavniT damTavrebuli, aman xeli Seuwyo Cveni poziciebis gamagrebas. es didi garantia iyo CvenT-vis, romelsac angariSi unda gauwion afxazeTSic da ruseTSic.

Cven amJamad am saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan rTul pirobebSi urTierTobis praqtikas gavdivarT. xval iqneb mSvidoba iyos Cvens miwaze, amitom Tavdacvis meti garan-tiebi gvWirdeba. mogexsenebaT, natos statusi faqto-brivad axal Tvisobriv mdgomareobaSi gadadis, amitom aseTi sakiTxebisadmi midgoma aseTi strategiuli mdgo-mareobisadmi midgomis nawilia.

Seexo ra amJamad ruseTSi Seqmnil politikur vi-Tarebas, eduard SevardnaZem gulistkivili da SeS-foTeba gamoTqva ukanaskneli movlenebis gamo. is, rac ruseTSi xdeba, iseve mawuxebs, rogorc yovelive is, rac Cvens qveyanaSi mimdinareobs, – Tqva man, – radgan ru-seTTan mravalmxriv varT dakavSirebuli, es ekonomiku-ri kavSirebi iqneba Tu kulturuli. amitom Cven unda vilocoT, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, imisTvis, rom ruseTSi demokratiulma Zalebma gaimarjvon. saxalxo deputat-Ta yrilobis gadadeba boris elcinma ver SeZlo. es imas niSnavs, rom seriozuli brZolaa mosalodneli. magram vimedovneb, rom ruseTis prezidenti, gamoiyenebs Tavis rezervebs, pirvel rigSi saprezidento xelisuflebas; meorec – mas SeuZlia daeyrdnos samxedro kompleqsSi arsebul udides saR Zalebs (sabednierod, isini iq bev-rni arian), romelTa interesebi demokratiisaken ixreba. es aris mecnierTa gavleniani sfero, Wkviani xalxi. ami-tom maTTan SekavSireba SesaZlebelia. maTi Zala serio-zuli dasayrdeni SeiZleba gaxdes. me mimaCnia, rom boris elcinisa da arkadi volskis urTierToba garkveul-wilad efeqtiani iqneboda.

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Semdeg eduard SevardnaZem respublikis zamTri-saTvis mzadebis problemebze isaubra, da aRniSna, rom, rac resursebi arsebobs yvelaferi amoqmeddeba, raTa mosaxleobas zamTris gadatana gauadvildes. 10-15 dRe-Si Semova evropis kreditebiT SeZenili produqtebis 4-5 Tvis maragi; es kreditebi aqamde ar daxarjula. ise, iyo azri, rom igi arCevnebis win dagvexarja da maSin Se-mogvetana, magram kargia, rom ase ar gavakeTeT, ar iqne-boda swori. sxvanairad gagvigebda amas Cveni xalxi da marTalic iqneboda.

rac Seexeba gaTbobas, TandaTan vagvarebT urTier-Tobas TurqmeneTTan da azerbaijanTan am saqmeSi da, vfiqrob, didi problema ar unda Segveqmnas.

magram aris erTi marTlac didi problema, romelic gadasawyveti gvaqvs. mogexsenebaT dRiTidRe matulobs fasebi gazsa da sxva energo resursebze, CvenTan ki fasebi ucvlelia. amitom, Tu ar gavzardeT xelfasebi, pensiebi, stipendiebi da sxva saxis anazRaurebani da samagierod ar gavaTavisufleT fasebi, Zalian gagviWirdeba. ratom ar gvyofnis puri, roca igi winandelze bevrad ufro meti cxveba? imitom, rom misi respublikis farglebs gareT gadineba didia da dRiTidRe izrdeba. ase gaaqvT fqvilic. puris aseTi barbarosuli xarjva Cven axla ar SegviZlia.

siZneleebi bevria. momavali xelisufleba bevr aseT siZneleebs miiRebs, magram yvelaferi unda gavakeToT imisaTvis rom xalxs minimumi mainc mivceT da urTulesi yofa SevumsubuqoT.

saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

Zlieri­parlamenti­ar­gamoricxavs­Zlier­xelisuflebas­ /­Sevar-dnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 27­ oqtomberi.­ –­N221(500).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: ruseTis jaris saqar Tve lodan gayvana normaluri,

civilizebuli gziT unda gadawydes

25 oqtombers saRamos saqarTvelos parlamentis Tav-mjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem interviu misca saqarTve-los televizias da gamoxata Tavisi damokidebuleba 23 oqtombers TbilisSi ruseTis jarebis dajgufebis Sta-bis SenobasTan gamarTuli mitingisa da manifestaciis monawileTa moTxovnebisadmi.

– am mitingze da manifestaciis dros, rogorc vici,

ori sakiTxi gamoikveTa, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – pir-veli exeba afxazeTSi myof ruseTis sajariso nawilebs. momitingeebma kategoriulad moiTxoves, rom ruseTis jarebi ar unda ereodnen saqarTvelos Sinaur saqmeebSi. marTlac am jarebis zogierTi generlis misiiT afxaz-eTSi faqtobrivad izRudeba Cveni Zalebi da uwinaresad es exeba monopolias sahaero sivrceze. Cvens aviacias isi-ni afrenis uflebas ar aZleven. am moTxovnas momitingee-bi sruliad samarTlianad ayeneben da mec vuerTdebi maT. mimaCnia, rom saWiroa am saqmeSi damyardes wesrigi. Cven varT patroni am sivrcisa da Cvenve unda ganvsazRvrav-deT misi gamoyenebis wessac. es elementaruli ambavia da sxvas amis uflebas verc mivcemT.

magram meore sakiTxia momitingeTa moTxovna saokupa-cio jarebis da maTi gayvanis saqmeSi, ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem. – me minda vTxovo yvela momitingesa da mani-festaciis monawiles, agreTve saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs, rom am sakiTxze saubrisas meti pasuxismgebloba gamoiCi-non, radgan saqarTvelo faqtobrivad omSia Cabmuli da damatebiT problemebs nuRa Seqmnian. am sakiTxSi pa-suxismgebloba gvekisreba yvelas. vTqvaT, miveciT aseTi winadadeba ruseTis mxares da man realurad Seasrula igi, daiwyo jarebis gayvana. xom unda gvqondes winas-war gaazrebuli, ra praqtikul Sedegebs mogvitans igi. minda saqarTvelos mosaxleobam icodes, rom ruseTis es

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nawilebi CvenTan erTad ageben pasuxs saqarTvelos sahae-ro sivrcis dacvisaTvis. es gaxlavT sahaero Tavdacvis urTulesi sistema, romelic mravali miliardi maneTi Rirs, uZvirfasesi da uiSviaTesi teqnika, romlis Seqmna did saxelmwifoebsac ki uWirT. es sistema uTvalTvalebs mTel sivrces, afiqsirebs yvela moZraobas da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gadascems aviagamanadgurebelTa eskadre-lias, rom Sesabamisi zomebi miiRon. es sistema uzustesi avtomaturi reJimiT muSaobs. amitom isic unda gvaxso-vdes, rom Cven jer ara gvyavs aseTi eskadriliebi.

vTqvaT, es teqnika Cven gadmogvces, dagvitoves. ra moxdeba amiT. sul erTia, ver gamoviyenebT, misi amT-visebeli aravin gveyoleba da yvelaferi dagvengreva, rogorc es bevrs mosvlia. es Cveni simdidrea da mas ga-frTxileba sWirdeba, gafrTxileba ki is iqneba, rom erTi wlis Tu ori wlis manZilze aviTvisoT es sistema da mere davitovoT, rom gveqnes sakuTari Tavis dacvis saSuale-ba. Tu es ar gveqneba, maSin, marTlac, nebismiers SeuZlia Tbilisi „ubedurebis zonad“ gamoacxados da realurad amisaTvis mxolod ramdenime TviTmfrinavi iqneba saWiro.

aqedan gamomdinare, gvaqvs Tu ara ufleba, rom aseTi araseriozuli nabiji gadavdgaT? daskvnebis gamotana Zneli ar unda iyos.

Cemi oponentebi, albaT, metyvian: ai, batono, geTanx-mebiT, es asea, es jarebi darCnen, magram sxvebi wavidneno. amasTan dakavSirebiT minda vTqva, rom aseTi procesi Tan-daTanobiT isedac mimdinareobs da sakmaod intensiura-dac. magram Tu sxvebs gaiyvanT, amasac waiReben, radgan es sistema maTi TavdacvisTvisac xom aris saWiro? Tu TviTon aRar iqnebian, Tavdacvac aRar dasWirdebaT. ami-tom, vimeoreb, es ar aris advilad gadasawyveti sakiTxi da misi gadaWra molaparakebis gareSe ar SeiZleba. es moxdeba mas Semdeg, roca ruseTTan did xelSekrulebas davdebT, roca ganvsazRvravT maTi gasvlis vadebs, Tu ramden xans unda darCnen isini. ruseTis mxare axlac Ta-naxmaa, rom sahaero Tavdacvis nawilebi ormag daqvemde-barebaSi iyos. amitom ar unda SevejibroT erTmaneTs, vin

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ufro didi patriotia. vimeoreb, isini SeiZleba aqedan gavidnen, magram Cven davrCebiT sruliad daucavi.

amitom, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – movuwodeb yvelas: es ar aris mitingze gadasawyveti sakiTxi. es Cve-ni saerTo sivrcis, saerTo saxlis dacvis sakiTxia. Tqven gaxsovT, ra ubedureba dagvatyda Tavs gorSi, roca mc-dari gadawyvetilebis gamo Cveni SesaniSnavi axalgaz-rdebi davkargeT, romlebmac teqnikis ZaliT warTmeva scades. me mesmis, rom, Tu sadme respublikis gareT te-qnikis gatanas Seecdebian, iq morigeoba unda dawesdes da ar mivceT amis ufleba, magram calkeul nawilebze Tavdasxma, samxedro manqanebis xelyofa sruliad unda gamoiricxos. Cven Cveni omi gveyofa, imas unda mivxedoT da axali omis wamowyeba ruseTis samxedro nawilebTan kargs arafers mogvitans, ar aris saWiro, miT umetes, rom arc Seesabameba Cvens kulturas, Cvens tradiciebs.

yvelaferi unda gadawydes normaluri, civilizebu-li urTierTobis farglebSi.

merwmuneT, ruseTis jarebi, roca Cven vityviT, maSin gavlen, magram Cven ar unda SevcdeT, rodis warmovTqvaT es sityvebi. Cven jer sakuTari jaric ki ara gvyavs, arc Sesabamisi kadrebi gvyavs, gamocdilebac gvWirdeba, ami-tom aCqareba aras gvargebs.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ruseTis­jaris­saqarTvelodan­gayvana­normal-uri,­civilizebuli­gziT­unda­gadawydes­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarT-velos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­oqtomberi.­–­N221(500).­–­1,2­gv.

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qveynisTvis am Znelbedobis Jams

mimarTva mecxvareebs

Zvirfaso mecxvareebo!saqarTvelos respublikis axlad arCeuli parlamen-

tisa da mTeli qarTveli xalxis saxeliT mogmarTavT qvey-nisaTvis am Znelbedobis Jams Tqven, Cven saxelovan mecxva-reebs, rTuli da vaJkacuri dargis muSakebs, gamoiCinoT Cveuli sibrZne da yovelive Rone ixmaroT yizlaris saZovrebze cxvris gamosazamTreblad. respublikis xe-lisufleba yvelafers iRonebs cxvris gadayvanis usa-frTxoebisTvis, mecxvareebisa da maTi ojaxis normalu-ri sayofacxovrebo pirobebis Sesaqmnelad.

momTabare mecxvareobis SenarCunebas udidesi mniS-vneloba aqvs Cveni xalxisaTvis, miT umetes – yazbegis, duSeTis da axalgoris mosaxleobisaTvis, metic – ganap-irobebs am raionebis demografias, tradiciebs da xalx-is xasiaTs.

gvwams, Zvirfaso mecxvareebo, rom pirnaTlad moix-diT vals Tqveni samSoblos winaSe.

dae, mudam gfaravdeT RmerTi.

e.­SevardnaZe.

qveynisTvis­am­Znelbedobis­Jams­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­re-spublika.­–­1992.­–­27­oqtomberi.­–­N221(500).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: qarTuli kultura yo vel dRiuri zrunvis sagani unda

iyos da iqneba kidec

rogor movuaroT da gadavarCinoT qarTuli kultu-ra, ra unda viRonoT, yvela im siZneleTa gadasalaxavad, amJamad ase mZime tvirTad rom awevs respublikis Semo-qmedebiT kavSirebs, kulturul-saganmanaTleblo dawe-sebulebebs, uwyebebs. am da sxva aqtualur sakiTxebze gaimarTa Rrma da dainteresebuli sja-baasi qarTuli kulturis gadarCenis komitetis 26 oqtombris gafar-Toebul sxdomaze. mis muSaobaSi monawileobdnen qarTu-li kulturis TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebi, saxelmwifo sabWos wevrebi, respublikis mTavrobis, saministroebis xelmZRvanelebi. sxdoma Sesavali sityviT gaixsna qarTu-li kulturis gadarCenis komitetis Tavmjdomarem, saqa-rTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem eduard Sevard-naZem.

– yvelam kargad viciT, ra umZimes da urTules pirobebSi cxovrobs dRes Cveni xalxi, – Tqva man. – ar aris gadaWarbebuli is gamoTqma, rom TiTqmis samamulo omis pirobebSi gvixdeba muSaoba, Tavis dacva, erovnu-li Rirsebis gadarCena da, miuxedavad amisa, imedismom-cemia is, rom Cveni sazogadoebrioba, Cveni eri fiqrobs ara marto dRevandel dReze, aramed – xvalindelzec, imaze, rogor icxovros xval, ras davutovebT STamomav-lobas, rogor qveyanas avaSenebT da rogor gavasrulebT am saukunes. Cven yvelani ise varT ganwyobili, rom axal saukuneSi saqarTvelo Seabijebs rogorc sruliad ax-ali qveyana, romelsac sruliad sxva sazogadoeba eyole-ba. amaze fiqrobs dRes Cveni xalxi, miuxedavad gaWirve-bisa, SimSilisa, miuxedavad imisa, rom TiTqmis yoveldRe iRupebian Cveni eris saukeTeso Svilebi. da raoden didi sulieri simxnevea saWiro imisaTvis, rom xalxma ifiqros xvalindel dReze. Cveni eris es saukeTeso Tviseba – ime-di, rwmena 11 oqtombris arCevanSi gamoixata. me Sevxvdi

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ucxoeTidan Camosul meTvalyureebs, gamocdil poli-tikur moRvaweebs, romlebic araerT qveyanaSi yofilan, daswrebian arCevnebs. isini gulwrfel gakvirvebas ga-moxatavdnen: ar gvegona, aseT viTarebaSi xalxi amgvar erTsulovan mzadyofnas Tu gamoiCenda, roca laparaki demokratiuli qveynis mSeneblobazeao. mravalma maTgan-ma moiwera werili. gamogzavna oficialuri daskvnebi. male cnobili gaxdeba arCevnebis saboloo Sedegebi. is, rac moxda 11 oqtombers rogoradac unda ganviTardes movlenebi saqarTveloSi, mainc gvaZlevs uflebas vTq-vaT, rom Cvens xalxs ar uweria gadaSeneba, Cven unda gadavrCeT, uaxloes momavalSi avaSenoT iseTi saxelm-wifo, romelzec vocnebobdiT saukuneTa manZilze. aseT urTules pirobebSi mniSvnelovani da damaxasiaTebe-lia Cveni xalxisaTvis is, rom dRes Cven kulturaze, mis gadarCenaze vmsjelobT. vmsjelobT imaze, Tu rogor vixsnaT kultura ara marto Cveni xalxisaTvis, aramed msoflio civilizaciisaTvis, radgan igi am civilizaci-is erT-erTi unikaluri, ganumeorebeli Semadgeneli naw-ilia. am Znelbedobis Jams Cveni xalxi fiqrobs, rom msof-lios ar daekargos erT-erTi unikaluri monapovari. ai, aseT saocar fenomenTan gvaqvs saqme – erTi mxriv, – didi gaWirveba, omi, sisxlisRvra, win – mZime zamTari, SimSi-li gvelis, da meore mxirv – xalxis mzadyofna aSenos demokratiuli wyobileba, da sazogadoebis saukeTeso nawili ikribeba, raTa imsjelos kulturis gadarCenaze. Cveni sulieri samyaros gamdidrebaze. yovelive amisaT-vis minda madloba gadavuxado Cvens xalxs, yvelas, vinc gvendo da kvlavac gvendoba.

ar davmalav da getyviT – afxazeTSi kvlav daZabu-li viTarebaa. dResac iyo mcdeloba, rom ucxoelTa daqiravebuli razmebi SemoWriliyvnen, magram Cvenma SeiaraRebulma formirebebma gaarTves Tavi rTul amo-canas. es kidev erTxel mowmobs, rom gamoTqma – samamu-lo omis mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiTo – sworia. aseTi farTo SemadgenlobiT Cveni Sexvedra pirvelia, – Tqva dasasrul batonma eduard SevardnaZem. – Tu RmerTma

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xeli mogvimarTa, ufro xSirad, ufro gafarToebuli SemadgenlobiT unda SevxvdeT erTmaneTs. Semdeg sxdom-aze informaciebi gaakeTes qarTuli kulturis Tvalsa-Cino warmomadgenlebma – kulturul dawesebulebaTa da uwyebaTa, SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebis xelmZRvanelebma, mecnierebma, saministroTa xelmZRvanelebma, Teatris, kinosa da musikis moRvaweebma – irakli ciciSvilma, leri meZmariaSvilma, vaxtang beriZem, Tamaz gamyreliZem, rezo amaSukelma, nodar lomourma, roin metrevelma, zurab maxaraZem, nikorwmindelma episkoposma daviTma, guram fanjikiZem, giga lorTqifaniZem, Tengiz buaCiZem, elguja amaSukelma, jansuR Carkvianma, eldar Sengelaiam, rezo CxeiZem, daTo maRraZem, aleqsandre qanTariam, sulxan nasiZem, Temo gocaZem, aleqsi maWavarianma, saqarTvelos respublikis finansTa ministris pirvelma moadgilem koba popiaSvilma, konservatoriis proreqtorma rusu-dan wurwumiam da sxvebma. TiToeuli maTganis gamosvlas wiTel zolad gasdevda azri imis Taobaze, rom upirve-lesi savizito baraTi, romliTac qarTveli eri unda warsdges msoflios civilizaciis winaSe, aris mwerloba da xelovneba. amitom erisa da xelisuflebis Zalisxmeva unda moxmardes kulturis ganviTarebas, radgan mwer-loba, xelovneba ekuTvnis xalxs, ekuTvnis saxelmwifos. perspeqtiulia iuneskosTan urTierToba. iTqva imis Ses-axebac, rom vercerT qveyanaSi ver inaxavs Tavs kultura, magram saxelmwifos daxmarebiT igi viTardeba. mwvaved daisva is sakiTxi, rom kulturul-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi, SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebi, Teatrebi unda ganTavisufldnen saxelmwifo gadasaxadebisagan, droulad iqnes miRebuli gadawyvetileba, rom saqarT-velos Teatrebi sabiujeto organizaciebad gadaiqcnen. sxdomaze farTo msjelobis sagnad iqca qarTuli xuroT-moZRvruli da werilobiTi Zeglebis movla-patronoba da dacva, kinosa da mxatvrobis, Teatris, musikaluri cxovrebis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro RonisZie-baTa xorcSesxmis aucilebloba. gamoTqva mosazreba, rom am didi fizikuri da sulieri SeWirvebis Jams, saxelm-

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wifo biujetidan unda gamoiyos garkveuli Tanxa qarTu-li kulturisaTvis. dRes or frontze gvixdeba brZola: qarTveli xalxi kvlav unda SemovabrunoT didi qarTuli kulturisaken da davicvaT qarTuli miwa-wyali. bevri daeca am omSi. poetma jansuR Carkvianma dasva winadade-ba gakeTdes raRac aRmniSvneli im Rirseuli adamianebi-saTvis, romlebic sisxlis ukanasknel wveTamde icavdnen qarTul miwasa da qarTul kulturas. cnobilia, rom saqarTvelos kulturis fondTan arsebulma sazogadoe-ba „Tbiliselma“, misma SesaniSnavma, mandilosnebma daiw-yes „oqros fondis“ Seqmna. es didi mamuliSviluri saqme yovelmxrivi mxardaWeris Rirsia. Cveni gadaudebeli amocanaa, aRiniSna sxdomaze, SevinarCunoT SesaniSnavi qarTuli tradiciebi, romlebsac emuqreba ganadgure-bis, gaqrobisa da dakninebis safrTxe.

gamomsvlelebma bevri sayuradRebo winadadeba daayenes da mraval saWirboroto problemas Seexnen, ma-gram mTavari TiToeuli maTganis gamosvlaSi mainc iyo xelSewyoba erovnuli mSvidobis miRwevisaTvis, eris kulturis, misi sulieri Zalisa da efeqtianobis Se-narCuneba-gaZliereba, mTlianad qarTuli kulturis gadarCena da ganviTareba:

sxdomis Sedegebi Seajama batonma eduard Sevard-naZem. man, kerZod Tqva: savsebiT sworad aRiniSna is, rom kulturas saxelmwifo, xalxi, kanoni unda icavdes da kanoni unda iyos misi fari. aseTi kanoni – mTeli komp-leqsi kanonmdeblobisa – unda miviRoT da Cven es unda vTxovoT axal parlaments. SevecdebiT, kulturuli cx-ovrebis, mecnierebis sakiTxebi iyos axali parlamentis da Cveni qveynis xelmZRvanelobis yuradRebis centrSi. xSirad gaigoneb, ai, qveyana iwvis, Tqven ki kulturisT-vis moicaleTo. es obivateluri laparakia, es obivate-lobaa. Cven am gzas ar unda davadgeT. rogorc unda gvi-Wirdes, Cven unda vifiqroT kulturaze. saqme exeba Cvens momavals, Cvens sulier siwmindes, sispetakes, gawmendas. vfiqrob, rom Tavis droze SemTxveviT rodi iTqva ubrwy-invalesi da umSvenieresi fraza, mSveniereba samyaros

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gadaarCenso. mwams, rom es Seicavs udides filosofias, cxovrebiseul ganzogadebas da igi Cvens dRevandel sinamdviles miesadageba. yvelaferi unda viRonoT imi-saTvis, rom ar Sewydes es majiscema, rom kultura moq-medebdes. igi yoveldRiuri zrunvis sagani unda iyos da iqneba kidec. umTavresi amocanaa is, rom gadavideT namd-vil saqmeebze, cocxal, konkretul nabijebze kulturis gadarCenis saqmeSi. ar aris normaluri movlena, roca saxelmwifo sabWos, mTavrobis sxdomebze araerTxel gaismoda sakiTxi kulturis dawesebulebebis gadasaxa-debisagan ganTavisuflebis Sesaxeb. Tu es sakiTxi ar ga-davwyviteT, albaT, lamaz frazebs araviTari mniSvnelo-ba ara aqvs. ar msurs imis Tqma, TiTqos viRacas ar unda am sakiTxis gadawyveta. aseTi daZabuli finansuri krizisis pirobebSi es rTuli saqmea. magram erTad unda veZeboT gza am sakiTxis mosagvareblad. kultura ver gadarCeba finansuri bazis mougvareblad. aq iTqva, rom finansTa saministro da kultura partniorebi unda viyoTo. diax, kulturis, partniorebi unda iyvnen finansTa saminis-tro, banki, kerZo bankebi. iq, gulSematkivari xalxi unda iyos, romelic iseve gaiTavisebs kulturis problemebs, rogorc kulturis TiToeuli moRvawe. Tu Semoqmedeb-iTma kavSirebma, Teatrebma ar mohkides xeli bizness, fi-nansuri baza ver Seiqmneba. biznesi dainteresebuli unda iyos imiT, rom misi mosvla am sferoSi waxalisdeba. unda Seiqmnas kanonmdebloba. samuSao gegmaSi Cven gvaqvs ase-Ti Tema – qarTuli kultura da qarTuli biznesi. moma-vali bizness, axal ekonomikas, sabazro ekonomikas ekuT-vnis. ukan mobruneba SeuZlebelia. qarTveli biznesmenis kategoria gansakuTrebuli unda iyos da amisTvis mTel-ma sazogadoebriobam unda izrunos. Semdeg qarTuli kulturis gadarCenis komitetis Tavmjdomarem ilapa-raka raionuli TeatrebisaTvis aucilebeli sakiTxebis mogvarebaze, qarTuli eklesiis, misi xelmZRvanelobis keTil damokidebulebaze kulturis mimarT. gulist-kiviliT iTqva, rom ar unda SeveguoT sakuTar qalaqSi Camongreul Senobebs, danagvianebul quCebs, iTqva isic,

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rom rac gvaqvs imasac ver vuvliT. – me vnaxe, – aRniSna ba-tonma eduard SevardnaZem, – elguja amaSukelis namuSe-vari – daviT aRmaSeneblis Zegli. igi TiTqmis mzad aris. merab berZeniSvilTan aseve vnaxe daviT aRmaSeneblis Zegli, qeTevan wamebulis qandakeba – SesaniSnavi nawar-moebi, romelmac SemZra. ratom ar vdgamT am qmnilebebs, saWiroa am saqmis mogvareba. mTlad nu davisawylebT Tavs, aris xalxi, romlebic sxedan, raRacas akeTeben, es unda gamovaCinoT. es im biWebsac sWirdebaT, romlebic iq sisxls Rvrian. meti optimizmi, meti rwmenaa saWiro. axali qveynis mSeneblobaSi meti iniciativa unda gamovi-CinoT. Tu Cveni cnobili moRvaweebi xvdebodnen ruseTis, ukrainis frontebze meomrebs, ratom ar vdgavarT iq, sadac Cveni biWebi omoben. soxumSi Cvenma meomrebma Se-mogvCivles, adamianuri sityva mogvenatrao. ratom ar unda CavideT maTTan, mec TqvenTan erTad wamoval, guli gavuTboT maT, igrZnon, rom isini samSoblos damcvele-bi arian. xelovnebam am mZime dReebSi Tavisi sityva unda Tqvas. – minda dagarwmunoT, – Tqva dasasrul batonma eduard SevardnaZem, – im didi mxardaWeris sapasuxod Tqven da Cvenma xalxma rom aRmomiCineT arCevnebSi, rom-lis gamarTva erovnuli gmiroba iyo, am gmirobis sapa-suxod yvelafers viRoneb qarTuli kulturis, qarTuli literaturis aRmavlobisaTvis.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­qarTuli­kultura­yoveldRiuri­zrunvis­sa-gani­unda­iyos­da­iqneba­kidec­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­res-publika.­–­1992.­–­28­oqtomberi.­–­N222(501).­–­2­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas baton suleiman demirels, TurqeTis respublikis premier-ministrs

batono premier-ministro, neba miboZeT mTeli qarTveli xalxis saxeliT guliT-

adad mogilocoT Tqven da Tqveni saxiT megobar Turq xalxs didi erovnuli dResaswauli – TurqeTis respub-likis 69-e wlisTavi.

CemTvis dauviwyaria Cveni Sexvedrebi, saubrebi da azrTa Sejereba, rasac Sedegad mohyva saqarTvelosa da TurqeTs Soris TbilisSi dadebuli mniSvnelovani xelSekrulebebi. am dokomuntebs Cven movawereT xeli, riTac didi pasuxismgebloba vitvirTeT Cveni erebis winaSe, da Rrmad mwams, rom xels Seuwyobs maT winsvlas demokratiuli, socialur-ekonomikuri, kulturuli ganviTarebis gzaze, Cveni erToblivi Zalisxmeva, romlis mizania regionSi mSvidobisa da stabilurobis damyare-ba, ueWvelad keTil nayofs gamoiRebs erTa urTierToba-Si civilizebuli, humanuri principebis damkvidrebis, nebismieri problemis mSvidobiani mowesrigebis saqmeSi.

vsargeblob SemTxveviT da did madlobas mogaxsen-ebT im guliTadi molocvisaTvis, romelic gamomigza-vneT parlamentis Tavmjdomared arCevasTan dakavSire-biT. gisurvebT bednierebasa da janmrTelobas piradad Tqven, da mTeli qarTveli eris saxeliT – ayvavebasa da warmatebebs megobar Turq xalxs.

gulwrfelad Tqveni

eduard­SevardnaZe.

mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ suleiman­ demirels,­ TurqeTis­ respub-likis­ premier-ministrs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.

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Sexvedrebi axalgazrdobasTan sistemur xasiaTs miiRebs

ase ganacxada saqarTvelos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem, 27 oqtombers, stu-denturi da axalgazrduli organizaciebis warmomadgen-lebTan gamarTul Sexvedraze.

ra awuxebs uwinares yovlisa, qarTvel axalgazrdobas? samSoblos, misi teritoriuli xeluxleblobis, erTiano-bis, im megobrebisa da amxanagebis bedi, romlebic iaraR-iT xelSi Tavganwirulad ebrZvian momxdur mters, imaTi xvedri, imaTi xvedri, vinc Tavisi sicocxle samSoblos sakurTxevelze miitana, vinc ltolvilis mware mware bedi igema.

aranakleb ainteresebT maT sakuTari da mTlianad Tavi-anTi Taobis momavali, is, Tu rogor SeZlebs SemdgomSi ga-naxorcielos Tavisi idealebi, gamoiyenos miRebuli codna da argos mSobliur qveyanas.

– minda mogesalmoT da madloba giTxraT am iniciativ-isTvis, – Tqva batonma, eduard SevardnaZem. – Cveni Sexvedra aucilebeli iyo da ufro adre unda Semdgariyo, magram ver moxerxda gasagebi mizezebis gamo. minda Cveni saubari arao-ficialuri, gulwrfeli iyos, moicvas yvela is sakiTxebi, romlebic erTnairad gvawuxebs dRes yvelas. mogexsenebaT, ra viTareba Seiqmna dekember-ianvris ambebis Semdeg. isic iciT, rom Cveni oponentebi amtkiceben, TiTqos, Tu saqarT-velos garkveuli warmatebebi aqvs saerTaSoriso sarbiel-ze, saSinao problemebi mougvarebelia da cota ram keTdeba maT mosagvareblado. me ar viziareb maT azrs. vfiqrobT, rom iseT pirobebSi romelSic Cven gvixdeba muSaoba, bevri xelisufleba ver miiRebda gadawyvetilebas, Caetarebina Tavisufali arCevnebi. Cven Zalze gabeduli nabiji gada-vdgiT, Tanac maSin, rodesac realurad idga sazogadoebis ornawilad sabolood gaxleCis saSiSroeba. sabednierod, yovelive warmatebiT dagvirgvinda. 11 oqtomberma es cxa-dyo. saerTaSoriso meTvalyurenic aseTive azris arian da TavianTi saboloo daskvna gamogzavnes kidec.

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Cemi azriT, arCevnebis Sedegad, miviReT Cveni xalxis konsolidaciis, SekavSirebis, erTsulovnebis faqtori. swored es aris imis sawindari da garkveul imeds gvaZlevs, rom axlad arCeuli parlamenti ase Tu ise, gadaWris arse-bul problemebs, im did amocanebs, romlebic Cvens winaSe dgas.

ar davmalav, mdgomareoba uaRresad rTulia. gansa-kuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac afxazeTSi moxda.

Semdeg parlamentis Tavmjdomarem upasuxa axalgazr-debis kiTxvebs, konkretuli Sefaseba misca afxazeTisa da osur problemebs, ilaparaka am problemebis mSvidobianad gadawyvetis gzebis Ziebaze, amave dros, gancxada: nuravis egoneba, TiTqos SevegueT gagris da ganTiadis dakargvas, ara da ara. didi mniSvneloba eniWeba xalxis Serigebas, ga-nagrZo man, – sabednierod, amis faqtic gvaqvs, TiTqosda ramdenime dReSi gaerkva viTarebaSi galis raionis mosax-leoba. maT 150-kaciani razmi Sekres da daqiravebuli moTa-reSeebis sakmaod saSiSi banda mospes. kidev 500-ma kacma ga-nacxada survili iaraRiT xelSi daicvas Tavisi miwa-wyali da gaamagros soxumis misadgomebi.

parlamentis Tavmjdomaris da axalgazrdobis dia-logSi didi adgili daeTmo Tavdacvis sabWos Seqmnas da mis misias, saxelmwifoSi wesrigis damyarebas, ekonomiku-ri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas, ruseTTan urTierTobas, pirvel etapze regularuli qarTuli armiis, xolo Semdeg, profesiuli armiis Seqmnas, axlad arCeuli parlamentis struqturas, sakadro politikas, da axalgazrdobis prob-lemebs.

gaimarTa marTlac gulwrfeli da gulTbili saubari, romelmac naTlad warmoaCina mTavrobis udidesi dainter-eseba axalgazrdobis momavliT, saqarTvelos aRorZinebasa da ganaxlebaSi maTi konkretuli monawileobiT.

Sexvedrebi­ axalgazrdobasTan­ sistemur­ xasiaTs­ miiRebs­ /­ Se-vardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.

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Cveni erToblivi Zalisxmeva ueWveladkeTil nayofs gamoiRebs

mis aRmatebulebas baton TurguT ozals,TurqeTis respublikis prezidents

guliTadad vulocav Tqvens aRmatebulebas da Tqveni saxiT megobar Turq xalxs erovnul dResaswauls – Tur-qeTis respublikis 69-e wlisTavs.

kmayofilebiT minda aRvniSno, rom ukanasknel xans urTierTobani Cvens qveynebsa da xalxebs Soris orive mxarisTvis sasargeblod da nayofierad viTardeba. mt-kiced mwams, rom es TanamSromloba mniSvnelovnad Seu-wyobs xels uSiSroebisa da stabilurobis atmosferos damyarebas kavkasiaSi da Savi zRvis regionSi, keTil-dReobas moutans regionSi mcxovreb yvela xalxebs.

saqarTvelom gaakeTa uryevi arCevani – iaros demokratiuli, samarTliani, civilizebuli gziT da yve-la Tavisi problema gadawyvitos mSvidobiani meTodeb-iT, adamianis uflebebis pativiscemisa da politikuri dialogis safuZvelze. es aris Cveni gza da warmoqmnili sirTuleebis miuxedavad Cven mas ar gadavuxvevT.

vsargeblob SemTxveviT da did madlobas mogaxsen-ebT 1992 wlis 11 oqtombers saqarTveloSi gamarTuli parlamentis arCevnebis SedegebTan dakavSirebiT Tqveni gulTbili molocvisTvis. gisurvebT, batono preziden-to, bednierebasa da janmrTelobas.

guliTadi pativiscemiT

eduard­SevardnaZe.

Cveni­ erToblivi­ Zalisxmeva­ ueWvelad­ keTil­ nayofs­ gamoiRebs­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.­

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eduard SevardnaZe: axla saWiroa, rac SeiZleba swrafad dakompleqtdes

xelisufleba, parlamentis struqturebi da dauyovnebliv SevudgeT CvenTvis saarsebo

sakiTxebis gadawyvetas

1992 wlis 2 noembris radiointerviu

– gasuli Tve rTuli da daZabuli iyo, – Tqva saqarT-velos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem tradiciul radiointerviuSi komentator nato onianTan saubris dros, roca ganvlili movlenebi gaaanaliza. – da es Tve marto imiT ki ar iyo rTuli, rom puris rigebi idga qalaqSi, aramed imiTac, rom xelisu-flebam ver SeZlo raime mniSvnelovani Zvrebi moexdina Cvens cxovrebaSi, magram arCevnebis Semdeg seriozuli samzadisi daiwyo imisaTvis, rom parlamentis pirveli sxdomebi karg doneze gaimarTos, rom rac SeiZleba swra-fad dakompleqtdes xelisufleba, parlamentis struq-turebi da dauyovnebliv SevudgeT CvenTvis saarsebo sakiTxebis gadawyvetas.

yvelaferi unda gavakeToT imisaTvis, rom sayovel-Taod gacxadebuli sityvebi demokratiis Sesaxeb mar-to liton sityvebad ar darCes da saqmiT ganmtkicdes. amitom did imeds vamyarebT parlamentis pirveli sesi-is muSaobaze, romelic oTxSabaTisaTvis aris daniSnu-li, – ganacxada eduard SevardnaZem. da Tqva, rom Zalian bevri ram iqneba imaze damokidebuli, Tu ra saqmianad gaimarTeba es sxdomebi; Cven axla faqtobrivad saomar viTarebaSi mogvixdeba muSaoba da aucilebelia yvela deputati grZnobdes gansakuTrebul pasuxismgeblobas raTa ar davkargoT dro kamaTsa da diskusiebSi da mivi-RoT saWiro gadawyvetilebebi. pirvel rigSi unda mivi-RoT kanoni xelisuflebis Sesaxeb da SevqmnaT safuZveli Zlieri parlamentisaTvis, raTa SevZloT Cvens qveyanaSi mimdinare movlenebSi gardatexis Setana. es exeba afxaz-

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eTsac da sxvasac. amitom, vimeoreb, saWiroa yvelam erTad movkidoT xeli am problemaTa gadaWras da davaCqaroT maTi mowesrigeba.

Seexo ra ruseTis jarebis statuss da samxedro obi-eqtebze Tavdasxmis faqtebs, eduard SevardnaZem Tqva: rom faqtebi, romlebic xdeba, SeuTavsebelia Cveni dRe-vandeli mdgomareobisa da saerTod Cveni yofisaTvis (wuxelac moxda Tavdasxma ruseTis jaris obieqtze, gai-taces iaraRi). SeuTavsebelia-meTqi, imitom vambob, rom gvirTulebs isedac Znel mdgomareobas. mogexsenebaT, ar gvaqvs dalxinebuli viTareba afxazeTSi, cxinvalis re-gionSic aris garTulebebi da vinc unda sCadiodes amas, unda axsovdes, rom cecxls eTamaSeba. araerTxel miTq-vams da axlac yvelas gasagonad vambob: es sakiTxebi unda gadawydes mxolod Cveni interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT, raTa gamoiricxos yvela garTuleba.

radiokomentatoris SekiTxvaze, rogor afasebs same-greloSi moqmedi eqsprezidentis momxre SeiaraRebu-li razmebis meTaurTa gancxadebebs, dadgnen afxazeTSi erovnuli jaris gverdiT da daicvan qveynis saerTo interesebi, eduard SevardnaZem Tqva: egreT wodebuli „zviadistebis“ Cveni erovnuli saqmeebisaken Semobrune-ba axali ambavi ar aris. afxazeTi da misi dedaqalaqi amis magaliTia. iq Zalian bevri iyo aseTi xalxi da gavlenac didi hqondaT. magram axla iq amaze aravin aRar lapara-kobs, yvela gaerTianda da afxazeTisaTvis ibrZvis. rac Seexeba qobaliebis razmebs, Cven jer kidev adre, roca afxazeTSi SeiaraRebuli konfliqti arc arsebobda, ma-Sin vawarmoebdiT molaparakebas vaxtang da jemal qo-baliebTan, raTa rogorme daeyaraT iaraRi da Tavidan agvecilebina garTulebebi samegrelos regionSi. mani-festic gamovacxadeT, romliTac faqtobrivad SevundeT yvelas, maT Soris 24 ivnisis movlenebis monawileebsac.

magram axla, roca Cven gviWirs da aseTi ram xdeba, Zalian kargia. es imas niSnavs, rom swori viyaviT, sxva nabijebi rom ar gadavdgiT. marTalia, 200 kaciT meti

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gveyoleba Tu naklebi afxazeTSi, amas, SeiZleba, arc hqondes mniSvneloba, magram aseT faqts mivesalmebi. miT umetes, rom aq axla yvelgan iqmneba axali batalionebi. saocreba xdeba galSi. minda mivesalmo galelebs, rom-lebmac dainaxes Tu ara safrTxe, saqarTvelos erTiano-bas rom Seeqmna, erT muStad Seikrnen. mTeli samurzayano darazmes.

ase rom, roca qobaliebis gancxadebaze vlaparakobT, samxedro Zalas ki ar vgulisxmobT, aramed im mTavar mo-ments, rom saqarTveloSi yvelas aqvs da eZleva kidec ufleba dadges samSoblos sadarajoze. Rrmad mjera, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – rom qobaliebi gulwrfelni arian, aseT gancxadebas rom akeTeben, da maT aseve gulwr-felad surT Cadgnen samSoblos erTianobis SenarCunebis samsaxurSi.

vimeoreb, es ar aris is Zala, romelsac SeuZlia Cven raime gvavnos. magram ara mgonia, rom maTi iaraRi saqarT-velos winaaRmdeg Semobrundes. rac Seexeba imas, TiTqos viRacas afxazeTSi wasvlis Semdeg unda maTi ganadgure-ba, es ar aris seriozuli laparaki, radgan, Cven mier aqamde gadadgmuli yvela nabiji, piriqiT, sul sxva ra-meze metyvelebs. da saerTod, me arc aseTi laparakis da arc aseTi nabijis momxre var. Cven yvelas SevuqmniT imis pirobebs, rom emsaxuros Tavis samSoblos. cxadia, arse-bobs raRac moraluri formebi da valdebulebebi imaT winaSe, visTanac dakavSirebuli iyavi da arc es unda da-viviwyoT, rom maTac sWirdebaT moTaTbireba groznoSi... arc amis winaaRmdegi var, oRond Cadgnen qveynis da xalx-is samsaxurSi.

Seexo ra saqarTveloSi arsebuli avtonomiis sta-tusis Sesaxeb eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna: me vici, rom marto Tengiz kitovani ar fiqrobs ase, aris garkveuli jgufebi, romlebsac dRevandeli Cveni avtonomiuri da-nayofebi komunistur gadmonaSTad miaCniaT, da maTi az-riT, es unda gamoswordes. piradad me ase ar vfiqrob arc afxazeTis da, miT umetes, arc aWaris mimarT. sazogadoe-bis didi nawilic am azrisaa. gaivlis dro, Cven davlag-

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debiT da unda vifiqroT imaze, rom isini realuri avton-omiebi gaxdnen, mieceT farTo uflebebi, mowesrigdes, dalagdes, da gaimijnos kidec Cveni urTierTobani. ra cudi damokidebulebac ar unda gvqondes afxaz separat-istebTan, isini afxaz xalxSi ar unda avurioT. iq axla TviTon afxazebi aRdgnen imisaTvis, rom ixsnan TavianTi xalxi, fiqroben, erovnuli xsnis komitetic Seqmnan, Cven yovelmxriv davuWerT mxars maT Zalisxmevas, rom erTxel da samudamod vicodeT: afxazebi da qarTvelebi erTad cxovrobdnen am miwaze da erTad unda vicxovroT, radgan Cven naTesavebi varT da naTesavebs veravin ver SeuSlis xels erTad icxovron, sxvaTa Soris verc is ambebi, rac separatistebma da eqstremistebma dagvmarTes. batoni Tengiz kitovanis bevr mosazrebas viziareb, magram am azrs ver gaviziareb, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem. – mis gancxadebas mohyva cxinvalis regionis osTa liderebis gancxadebebic. magram Cven axla am sakiTxs ar vixilavT. cxinvalis regionSi laparakia or xalxs Soris urTier-Tobis aRdgenaze, iq dangreuli meurneobis da saerTod yofis mowesrigebaze, saerTo Serigebaze. rac Seexeba ad-ministraciul dayofas, es meore etapze dasayenebeli da gadasawyveti sakiTxia. ise ki, Cemi azri aseTia: is, rac xelovnurad aris Sekowiwebuli, ar unda arsebobdes.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZem SeSfoTeba gamoTqva CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi Seqmnili viTarebis gamo da aR-niSna, rom am regionSi mdgomareobis mosalodneli gar-Tulebis Sesaxeb man ramdenjerme gamoTqva Tavisi prog-nozi. konfliqti inguSebsa da osebs Soris seriozuli konfliqtia, – Tqva man. – ruseTma iq sadesanto nawilebi gadasxa, raTa konfliqtSi Cabmuli mxareebi gamijnon. magram, Cemi azriT, es aqcia dagvianebulia. sisxli ukve daiRvara, mTeli rigi poziciebi inguSebma daikaves. axla sisxlisRvris Sewyvetac rom moxerxdes, problema mainc darCeba. CrdiloeT kavkasiis am regionSi momxdar kon-fliqts SeuZlia dagvazaralos, radgan iq gadis CvenT-vis sasicocxlo rogorc satransporto, ise gazsadeni magistralebi. Tu mxareTa molaparakeba moxerxda, Cven

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SeiZleba miviRoT monawileoba mowesrigebaSi. amasTan, roca Cveni mezobeli xalxebi aseT mdgomareobaSi aR-moCndnen erTmaneTTan, Cveni saSinao problemebis mow-esrigeba SesaZloa gaadvildes, magram amisTvis saWiroa realurad moqmedi Zlieri xelisufleba.

Seexo ra ruseTSi mimdinare movlenebs da mixeil gorbaCovis gamosvlas televiziiT, edurd SevardnaZem aRniSna: ara mgonia, iyos imis didi perspeqtiva, rom mix-eil gorbaCovi daubrundes did politikur asparezs. me ar vamarTleb arc elcins, da arc gorbaCovs, erTma-neTTan Widilma am or politikur moRvawes seriozuli ziani moutana. Tu mixeil gorbaCovi dainteresebulia, maSin orivem unda daiviwyos yovelgvari wyena da mixe-dos problemebs. maTgan Zalian didi safrTxea mosalod-neli. arastabiluri ruseTi yovelTvis did safrTxes warmoadgens, me es gaerTianebuli erebis organizaci-aSic vTqvi, magram roca amaze vlaparakob, samwuxarod, ver vxedav, rom vinme grZnobdes am safrTxes.

me imis Tqma ki ar msurs, rom yvelaferi xelidan wasuli da dakargulia, ara, Tu prezidenti am proble-mebs droulad mohkidebs xels mas SeuZlia ganamtkicos poziciebi, radgan umalve povebs mxardaWeras rogorc Sin, ise gareT. oRond, vimeoreb, male unda mohkidos xeli am saqmes. ruseTSi demokratiis gamarjvebiT Cvenc upirvelesad varT dainteresebuli, da, marTalia, bev-ri ramis gakeTeba ar SegviZlia, magram survilic cotas rodi niSnavs.

radiokomentatoris kiTxvaze, rogor gadawyvets momavali parlamenti sxdomebis televiziiT translaci-is sakiTxs, – eduard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom parlamentis muSaobis msoflio gamocdilebiT, sxdomebis pirdapi-ri translacia arsad ar xdeba. Tu ar vcdebi, inglisSi daapires, magram imedi ar gaumarTldaT da aRar gaagr-Zeles es saqme. televiziiT pirdapiri translacia zRu-davs parlamentis wevrebs imaSi, rom sakiTxTa ganxilva Tavisuflad da absoluturi gulaxdilobis viTarebaSi mimdinareobdes, radgan aseT dros parlamentis wevri

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angariSs uwevs Tavis mxardamWer auditorias. amitom piradad me ara var imis momxre, rom sxdomebi mTlianad gadaices. da amas imitom ki ar vambob, rom sazogadoebis politizirebis problema mawuxebs, ubralod vfiqrob, rogori iqneba misi Seguebis elementi, roca sxdoma Sesa-Zloa mTel dRes gagrZeldes. ris Sedegadac televiziis ori programidan erTi, isic mTavari, mas daeTmoba. me ase vfiqrob, magram yvela parlamentari rodi fiqrobs ase. samwuxarod, me umciresoba var. amitom am sakiTxs parla-menti gadawyvets. magram marto es ar mawuxebs, mawuxebs is, rom sxdomebi sanaxaobad ar iqces. televiziis faqto-ri mas sanaxaobiT elfers mianiWebs da ar minda, rom es Cvens parlaments daemarTos. cxadia, unda iyos repor-taJebi, gaSuqdes ZiriTadi sakiTxebi, unda momzaddes siuJetebi. magram, ara mgonia, rame movigoT imiT, rom es erTi, ori an sami kviris manZilze gagrZeldes, mosawyeni gaxdeba.

esec ar iyos, jer ar viciT Cveni deputatebis Ses-aZleblobani, xolo televizia SeiZleba SemzRudavi faqtori gaxdes. aseTi faqtorebi ki rac SeiZleba nakle-bi unda iyos, – Tqva dasasrul eduard SevardnaZem.

saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­axla­saWiroa,­rac­SeiZleba­swrafad­dakomp-leqtdes­ xelisufleba,­ parlamentis­ struqturebi­da­dauyovneb-liv­SevudgeT­CvenTvis­saarsebo­sakiTxebis­gadawyvetas­/­Sevard-naZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­3­noemberi.­–­N225(504).­–­1­gv.

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qveynis gaTavisufleba ar aris martooden droSis aRmarTva

saqarTvelos respublikis parlamenti muSaobas Seudga

[...]sxdomaze sityva warmoTqva saqarTvelos parlamentis

Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem.me miznad ar damisaxavs, aRniSna man, – warmovdge Tqvens

winaSe programiT. bevri ram Cemi mosazrebidan imis Taoba-ze, Tu rogor unda imuSaos parlamentma, Tu rogor warmo-midgenia parlamenturi respublika, is amocanebi, romlebic dRes Cveni qveynisa da xalxis winaSe dgas, ukve iTqva Cems winasaarCevno gamosvlaSi da amis gameoreba dRes saWirod aRar mimaCnia. ufro mizanSewonili iqneba dRes mxolod ramdenime principze SevCerde da es iqneba zogadi aRniSvna imisa, rac Cven yvelas erTad gvawuxebs.

neba miboZeT mogmarToT yvelas – Cvens xalxs, saqarT-velos yvela moqalaqes, vinc esoden didi ndoba gamomicxa-da Cveni qveynisaTvis aseT Znelbedobis Jams. piradad me TerTmeti oqtombris arCevnebSi Cems gamarjvebaSi vxedav Cveni xalxis saukeTeso Tvisebebs – didsulovnebas, dauo-kebel swrafvas Tavisuflebisaken, demokratiisaken. ama-Si vxedav Cveni xalxis saocar bunebas, mis sulgrZelobas, mis windaxedulobas, mis unikalur unars mimteveblobisa. am sityvas gansakuTrebiT vusvav xazs, radgan yvelam kar-gad iciT, vin var, ra gza gaviare da riT movedi dRevan-del dRemde. Cvens xalxs SeeZlo eTqva, Cven gvirCevnia sxva pirovneba, pirovneba, romelic ar aris damZimebuli Zveli tvirTiT, pirovneba, romelic axal sunTqvas moitans Cvens cxovrebaSi. erT masalaSi, romelic gamoqveynda, me vTqvi, rom davbrundi Cems qveyanaSi, raTa Cems xalxs vemsaxuro, vTqvi, rom mqonda saSualeba vyofiliyavi im olimpze, rome-lic meWira yofil ssr kavSirSi da romlis gadasaxedidanac xelisguliviT moCans samyaro, me iq yofnam bevri ram momca.

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Cems qveyanaSi davbrundi mTeli Cemi gamocdilebiT, tan-jva-wamebiT gamovlili gziT, imiT rac xdeboda Cems sul-Si, Cemi warmodgenebiT samyaroze. es gza ki sulac ar iyo ueklo da uSecdomo. davbrundi garkveuli damsaxurebiT, avtoritetiT qveyanaSi da msoflioSi da gTxovT es tra-baxad ar CamomarTvaT. Cemi msoflmxedvelobis gardaqmna Cems xalxs ar gamorCenia, yvelaferi es mxedvelobaSi miiRo da ndoba gamoucxada im kacs, romelic cameti wlis ganmav-lobaSi aq komunistur organizacias xelmZRvanelobda, es saocari ndobaa. minda davarwmuno Cemi xalxi, dagarwmu-noT Tqvenc – yvelafers viRoneb, mTel Cems Zalebs, codnas, gamocdilebas – Secdomebic xom gamocdilebaa – movaxmar demokratiuli saqarTvelos mSeneblobas. garwmunebT, rom ase iqneba. nayofs gamoiRebs es muSaoba TqvenTan erTad, amas momavali gviCvenebs.

arCevnebi, romelzec Cven bevrs vlaparakobdiT da garkveul imedebs vamyarebdiT, gaimarTa. bednieri var, aseT parlamentTan gvaqvs saqme da xelisuflebis umaRles orga-noSi warmodgenilia mTeli politikuri speqtri, metad Tu naklebad mniSvnelovani partia, bloki, damoukideblebi, yvela raionis warmomadgeneli. arCevnebSi aravin ar dam-arcxebula, gaimarjva Cvenma xalxma, saRma azrma, demokrati-isa da Tavisuflebisaken swrafvam. arCevnebis dRes Cven ndobis dRe, rwmenis dRe davarqviT, Cven movipoveT yvelaze Zvirfasi, risi mopovebac SeuZlia adamians – xalxis rwme-na da xalxis ndoba. Svidi-rva Tvis manZilze Cven movipoveT msoflio aRiareba TiTqmis yvela qveynisa, yvela saxelmwi-fosi. Cven movipoveT msoflios progresuli kacobriobis erTsulovani mxardaWera, es ori umniSvnelovanesi monapo-vari, ori faqtori gvaZlevs Zalas da garantias, rom Sevas-rulebT yvelafers, rasac davpirdiT Cven xalxs. swored es aris udidesi monapovari saqarTvelos demokratiisa da Ta-visuflebisaTvis.

winasaarCevno kamaTis dros, ganagrZo eduard Sevard-naZem. bevri oratori aRniSnavda, rom garkveuli mxardaW-era movipoveT sagareo politikaSi, rac Seexeba saSinao politikas igi xelisuflebas saerTod ar gaaCnia. me am

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Tezisis irgvliv ar vdaobdi, dRes ki SemiZlia Sevedavo. Cvens winaSe idga urTulesi amocana – unda migveRwia Cveni sazogadoebis gamTlianebisaTvis, unda SegvZleboda da Sev-ZeliT Cveni sazogadoebriobis ZiriTadi nawilis konsol-idacia, erTiani, ganuyofeli saqarTvelosaTvis brZola. dRes ufro imedianad gamoviyurebiT, vidre ramdenime xnis winaT.

arCevnebis Sedegebi miuTiTebs, rom Cven erT-erTi amo-canis nawili mainc gadavwyviteT. es aris 11 oqtombris arCevnebis Sedegebi. am tendenciam erTianobisTvis zrun-vam Tavisi Sedegi mogvca. es mxolod pirveli nabijebia. 11 oqtombris istoriuli mniSvneloba isic aris, rom Cvenma xalxma kargad gaarCia, sad aris yalbi demokratia, rome-lia yalbi demokratiisaken mimavali gza, da romelia gza taZrisken, rogorc es baton Tengiz abulaZis filmSia, gza namdvili demokratiisken. am kiTxvas gaeca pasuxi. samar-Tliani iqneba, Tu vityvi, rom Cveni xalxi sxeuliT grZnobs, sad simarTlea da sad – siyalbe. madloba yvelas, vinc gza gaukafa demokratiisken Cvens laSqrobas, Cvens saxalxo moZ-raobas.

urTules droSi, uZneles pirobebSi vcxovrobT. – Tqva Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem. – amJamad afxazeTSi Cveni biWebi iRupebian. guSin afxazeTSi TxuTmeti biWi daiRupa. maT Soris – 5 avRaneli. avRaneTi moiares da aq daiRupnen... da mainc, miuxedavad am Znelbedobisa, erovnu-li gmiroba iyo. roca daviwyeT laparaki demokratiuli gzis Ziebaze. Cven unda avaSenoT, yovel mizez gareSe, Sevqm-naT demokratiuli struqturebi.

ori amocana dgas Cveni parlamentis winaSe: uzrunve-lyos kanonis uzenaesoba qveynis, parlamentis, demokrati-is, moqalaqeTa dasacavad, maTi uflebebis dasacavad, maTi mTavari uflebis – sicocxlis dasacavad. Cven unda SevqmnaT Zlieri xelisufleba parlamentTan erTad, Zlieri xelisu-fleba, romelic parlamentis winaSe valdebulia da amiT erTxel kidev esmeba xazi parlamentis uzenaesobas.

demokratias dacva sWirdeba – es araerTxel Tqmula, misi dacva Zvirad ujdeba xalxs. im demokratiisgan dacva,

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romlis ylortebi saqarTveloSi axla gamodis kvirtebidan. unda Seiqmnas qmedunariani xelisufleba, romelic daicavs qveyanas, SeZlebs misi erTianobis SenarCunebas.

parlamentisa da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis formireba, – aRniSna Semdeg batonma SevardnaZem, – xde-ba saomar da samobilizacio pirobebSi. didi mniSvneloba eniWeba xelisuflebis efeqtianobas, mTeli Zalebis konce-tracias im amocanebis gadasawyvetad, romlebic qveyanas da xalxs gadaarCens.

ilaparaka ra gardamavali etapis qarTuli modelis Ta-viseburebebze, romelic ar aris, xelisuflebis klasikuri gamijvnis magaliTi, batonma eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom avtorTa mier SemoTavazebul xelisuflebis proeqts igi aqtiurad uWers mxars, Zlieri xelisufleba gamor-icxavs yovelgvari avtoritarizmis gamovlinebas diqtat-urisken miswrafebas.

– xalxi elodeba muSaobas, saqmian midgomas, unayofo da TviTmiznuri diskusiebis uaryofas. am darbazis gareT, sxva saqarTveloa, sadac xalxi iRupeba, SimSilobs; skolebi normalurad ver muSaoben, saavadmyofoebs medikamentebi ar hyofniT, bevri SimSiliT iRupeba, kultura daRupvis pirzea. yovelTvis Tvalwin unda gvedgas Cveni realuri qveyana, is xalxi, romelmac, Cven warmogvgzavna.

is modeli, romelsac gvTavazoben, gulisxmobs, rom umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo organos xelmZRvaneli garkveu-li formiT iTavsebs sxva funqciebsac. SeiZleba aq uceb yve-la ver gaerkves. roca am azris formirebaze vfiqrobdiT, viTvaliswinebdiT imas, rom Cven gvaqvs mware gamocdileba sxva saxelmwifoebisa, roca gauTavebeli omi xelisufleba-sa da parlaments Soris mZime SedegebiT mTavrdeba. am mZime etapze gvinda vuTxraT Cvens xalxs, rom parlamentis uzen-aesobis pirobebSi vimoqmedebT efeqtianad, raTa xedavdes xalxi, rom aris xelisufleba, romelsac SeuZlia win waruZ-Rves ers. axla ramdenime umTavresi problemaa, romelTagan umTavresia omis damTavreba, saomari viTarebis damTavreba, magram damTavreba Rirseulad, ise, rogorc es Cvens saxelm-wifoebriv interesebs Seesabameba. marto erTi eris inter-

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esebs ar vgulisxmob, aramed saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yve-la erovnebis adamianebsac, romlebsac sWirdebaT erTiani Zlieri saxelmwifo. am miznisaTvis Cven erTad unda viyoT.

Tavis sityvaSi, batonma eduard SevardnaZem farTo adg-ili dauTmo erTiani erovnuli jaris mSeneblobis gadaude-beli amocanis analizs – saxeli da dideba yvelas vinc ibrZ-vis saqarTvelos sadarajoze, vinc Tavi gaswira, – aRniSna saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem. es Zala rom ara, is mxedarTmTavrebi rom ara, romlebic am biWebs miuZRvian, katastrofamde mividodiT. Cven gvWirdeba kargad gawvrT-nili qarTuli armia, erTiani jari. erTiani armiis mSeneb-loba unda gaxdes yvela ojaxis sapatio zrunvis sagani, Tu gvinda seriozulad vilaparakoT qveynis erTianobasa da Tavisuflebaze. da Tu es proeqti miRebuli iqneba, upir-velesi amocanaa moiZebnos organizaciuli forma, rom uax-loes xanSi qveyanaSi davamyaroT wesrigi. gaumarTlebelia is, rac dRes saqarTveloSi xdeba. kapiki iqneba Cveni fasi, Tu uaxloes dReebSi ver vagrZnobinebT xalxs, rom wesrigs davamyarebT, raTa adamians ar eSinodes normalurad icxov-ros, quCaSi gamovides, bolo mouRos banditTa TareSs. vi-sac SeuZlia ibrZolos CvenTan erTad, mzad varT yvelasTan viTanamSromloT.

unda SevqmnaT socialuri dacvis realurad moqmedi in-stitutebi. sabazro ekonomikas erTbaSad ar moaqvs dovla-Ti, Cven axla am ekonomikis anbans vswavlobT. aseT pirobebSi mniSvnelovania iyos iseTi warmonaqmnebi, rom mivceT adami-ans cxovrebisaTvis aucilebeli saWiro minimumis garantia.

ilaparaka ra fasebis ganTavisuflebaze, batonma edu-ard SevardnaZem Tqva, rom respublikis xelmZRvanelobis gadawyvetilebiT, fasebi gaizrdeba, magram Sesabamisad gaizrdeba xelfasebic. es ori paraleluri procesi ganuy-ofeli da gauTiSavi unda iyos.

roca msoflios qveynebis saqarTvelosTvis daxmarebis sakiTxs Seexo, batonma eduard SevardnaZem, kerZod Tqva: rom ar yofiliyo is samocdaaTi milioni ekiu, romelic ev-rogaerTianebam gamoyo, Cven pirvel ianvars SimSiliT da-viwyebdiT. amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis kongresis gad-

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awyvetilebiT, Cven miviRebT 40 milion dolars, TurqeTi dagvpirda 50 milion dolars. es Tanxebi avsebs biujets da gvaZlevs saSualebas, mivceT Cvens xalxs saarsebo minimumi.

Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem ilaparaka kul-turis xsnis komitetis Seqmnis aucileblobaze, imaze, rom ar SeiZleba davuSvaT adamianis sulieri gaRaribeba, gansa-kuTrebuli zrunva gvmarTebs qarTuli kulturis, qarTu-li mecnierebis, qarTuli azrovnebis skolis gadasarCenad, im mecnieruli mimarTulebebis gadasarCenad, romlebic unikaluria msoflio masStabiT. esec Cveni yoveldRiuri zrunvis sagani iqneba.

eduard SevardnaZis gamosvlaSi didi adgili daeTmo ekonomikis problemebs, kerZod, privatizacias, romelzec bevri laparakia, magram praqtikuli nabijebi jerac ar ga-dadgmula, xalxma rigianad verc ki gaigo, ra aris privat-izacia.

sagareo politikis sakiTxebs rom daubrunda, batonma eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom ufro aqtiurad unda vi-TanamSromloT msoflio da evropis bankebTan, romlebic SeZlebdnen ufro meti daxmarebis gaRebas imisTvis, rom movamzadoT ekonomikis, soflis meurneobis da social-uri sferos realuri programebi. magram am programebis damuSaveba Wianurdeba, omis pirobebSi ki maTi drouli formireba unda moxdes. es erT-erTi umTavresi amocanaa. Cven gvWirdeba, rom kreditebi sxva qveynebidanac miviRoT. amas ki dro unda. saWiroa xelisuflebis calkeulma warmo-madgenlebma imogzauron, xelSekrulebebi gaaformon, Seqm-nan baza imis gaTvaliswinebiT rac Cvens erovnul interesebs Seesabameba. uwinaresad, Cven mezoblebTan unda Camovayali-boT urTierToba. haerSi Camokidebuli ar unda iyos ruseT-Tan urTierToba. uaxloes xanebSi unda SevuTanxmdeT ruse-Tis xelmZRvanelobas da movaweroT xeli or qveyanas Soris did xelSekrulebas, ganisazRvros statusi im jarebis aq yofnis Sesaxeb, romelzedac axla bevrs laparakoben. Cven demokratiul ruseTs calkeul moRvaweebTan ar vaigivebT. qarTveli xalxi mxars uWers demokratiulad arCeul ruse-Tis prezidents.

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Cven swor gzas vadgavarT TurqeTTan urTierTobaSi, iranTan urTierTobaSi, romlis prezidentisagan amaswinad werili miviReT da SeiZleba erT TveSi vizitic moewyos am qveyanaSi. kargi urTierToba gvaqvs somxeTTan, azerbaijan-Tan, evropis qveynebTan, amerikasTan. xSirad mekiTxebian, amerikaSi demokratebma rom gaimarjvon, ra moxdebao. buSi, beikeri Cveni megobrebi iyvnen da maTgan didi daxmarebac miviReT. Seicvleba Tu ara amerikis administraciis kursi saqarTvelos mimarT? arCevnebis win Cven gvqonda saTanado kontaqtebi amerikis dRevandel arCevnebSi gamarjvebu-li xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan. maT mogvces garan-tia imisa, rom amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis TanamSrom-loba saqarTvelosTan ufro mWidro da realuri gaxdeba. vfiqrob, rom amerikis axlandeli administracia Seecdeba meti yuradReba dauTmos ara marto saqarTvelos, aramed mTels kavkasias, mis mimdebare regions, im procesebs, rom-lebic viTardeba yofili ssr kavSiris teritoriaze. ax-landeli administracia Seecdeba, mokle droSi gansazRv-ros Tavisi politika da strategia. am mxriv, guli sagules unda gvqondes. aRarafers vambob germaniis, iaponiis, evro-pis qveynebis dainteresebaze saqarTveloTi.

Tavisi sityvis dasasruls, batonma eduard SevardnaZem erTxel kidev moaxsena madloba im mxardaWerisa da ndobi-saTvis, romelic qarTvelma xalxma mas gamoucxada.

[...]

qveynis­ gaTavisufleba­ ar­ aris­ martooden­ droSis­ aRmarTva­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­5­noemberi.­–­N227(506).­–­1,2­gv.­

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eduard SevardnaZe: Cven yvelaferi unda viRonoT imisTvis, rom Rirseulad

gamovideT afxa zeTis omidan, romelSic amdeni xalxi iRupeba

tradiciuli saorSabaTo radiointerviu

– parlamentis muSaobis pirveli dReebiT kmayofili var, – ganacxada orSabaTs, 9 noembers Tavis tradiciul radiointerviuSi saqarTvelos respublikis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem komentator nato onianTan saubrisas. – parlamentma, Cemi azriT, SeTanxmebulad imuSava da ar unda gvikvirdes, rom iq azrTa sxvadasxvaoba sufevda. aseTi sxvadasxvaoba sazo-gadoebrivi anareklia da iq arsebul ganwyobilebas gamox-atavs. erTgvari daZabulobac, romelic Tan axlda parla-mentis muSaobas, amiTve unda aixsnas. erTi sityviT, SemiZlia vTqva, rom parlamenti normalurad, swored ise Seudga muSaobas, rogorc unda Sesdgomoda. Cven mokle xanSi Sev-ZeliT reglamentis miReba. bevri didi gamocdilebis mqone parlamenti ver moaxerxebda amas ase mcire droSi isic aseT viTarebaSi. Cven miviReT kanoni saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb. es aucileblad gasakeTebeli saqme iyo, radgan 1921 wlis konstitucia, romelic adre aRvadgineT, ver amoqmed-da, ver gvexmareba, amitom Cveni mTavari dasayrdeni axali kanoni iqneba, is Seasrulebs droebiT am funqcias.

me minda didi madloba vuTxra Cvens parlaments Tavisi funqciebis ase operatiulad CamoyalibebisaTvis da imisT-visac, rom daakanona erovnuli uSiSroebis instituti, romelmac saSualeba unda mogvces respublika Rirseulad gamoviyvanoT saomari mdgomareobidan, – ganagrZo saxelm-wifos meTaurma. – Cven am institutze Zalian did imedebs vamyarebT da muSaoba faqtobrivad ukve dawyebulia. guSin Cvenma erovnulma sabWom ukve Camoayaliba im programis mo-naxazi, romliTac unda ixelmZRvanelos da imoqmedos. al-baT cota dro damWirdeba, rom am programaze wavimuSao

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da mere mas parlaments warvudgen. am struqturis Camoyal-ibebiT didi saqme gakeTda. Tqven iciT, rom aseTi instituti yvela qveyanaSi moqmedebs.

parlamentis sxdomaze premier-ministris daniSvnis pro cedurasTan dakavSirebiT radiokomentatoris mier dasmul SekiTxvaze saxelmwifos meTaurma aRniSna, rom aseT procedurasac gagebiT unda SevxvdeT xolme. xmisdamTvle-li teqnikis gaumarTaobaSi telemayureblebic darwmund-nen. wina dRes gvian Ramemde mogvixda muSaoba, cxare kamaTi iyo, am kamaTSi yvelam ver miiRo monawileoba. Cven ki gvindo-da yvelas gamoexata Tavisi pozicia, amitom gadavwyviteT, kenWisyra ufro damSvidebul atmosferoSi Catarebuliyo.

SeiZleba sxvadasxva iyos damokidebuleba pirovnebisad-mi, xelmZRvanelisadmi, am SemTxvevaSi mTavrobis me Taurs vgulisxmob, magram aseT dros erTi ram unda gvaxsovdes, rom roca am damokidebulebas amJRavnebs, xalxi Tavisi pi-raduli ekonomikuri mdgomareobiT xelmZRvanelobs da, aqedan gamomdinare, afasebs yvelafers, Tu rogoria mdgo-mareoba mis sofelSi, qalaqSi. mdgomareoba ki, mogexsene-baT, saxarbielo ar aris. amitom, vimeoreb, amas Cven am gage-biT unda SevxvdeT.

vfiqrob, – Tqva saxelmwifos meTaurma, – rom parlamen-tis wevrTa umravlesoba, didi nawili saRad moazrovnea da mjera, maTTan bevri seriozuli gadawyvetileba winaaRmde-gobis gareSe iqneba miRebuli.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZe Seexo afxazeTSi Seqmnil vi-Tarebas da aRniSna, rom misi, rogorc saxelmwifos meTau-ris da mTavarsardlis movaleobaa, dReidan Seudges muSao-bas imisaTvis, rom Rirseulad gamovides am omidan. sadac amdeni xalxi iRupeba. CemTvis, aRniSna man. axla Znelia vTq-va yvelaferi, rasac movimoqmedeb, magram vityvi imas, rom Cveni yvela rezervi, mTeli resursebi maqsimalurad unda amuSavdes. axla Cven vqmniT sabWos struqturebs, isini samx-edro saqmis specialistebiT da konsultantebiT dakomple-qtdeba.

pirveli, rac unda gavakeToT, mec da mTavrobamac, is aris, rom movTxovoT yvelas, Seasrulos dakisrebuli mova-

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leoba. unda giTxraT, bevri Cveni xelmZRvaneli am movaleo-bas ise ver asrulebs, rogorc saWiroa. soxumis magaliTi aviRoT. qalaqi ukiduresad autanel mdgomareobaSi aR-moCnda – wyali ar aris, transporti ar muSaobs, sinaTle ara aqvT. aseTi situacia Cveni xelmZRvanelebisTvis, cxadia, sagangebo unda yofiliyo da is ministrebi, romlebsac es sakiTxebi exebaT, dauyovnebliv unda Casuliyvnen iq, TviT cecxlis xazze gasvlac rom gamxdariyo saWiro. es igive postia, sadac axla isini unda idgnen. aravis ar aqvs ufle-ba, saqme miatovos da axla aseTi fufunebis neba misces saku-Tar Tavs. ufro metic, guSin gavige, rom mTeli Tve, Turme, soxumSi gazi ar yofila, sadRac gazsadeni gawyvetila, aR-dgenaze ki aravis ufiqria...

axla is droa, rom yvelam iRonos is, rac SeuZlia md-gomareobis gasaumjobeseblad, maT Soris, Sesabamis zomebs miiRebs Tavdacvis saxelmwifo sabWoc. Tu ase ar moxda, me mgoni, parlamenti dagviWers mxars, rom vuTxraT am xalxs, sxvebs dauTmon adgili.

Seexo ra saqarTveloSi gaeros droebiTi warmomadgen-lobis gaxsnis faqts, eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom am faqts didi mniSvneloba aqvs Cveni respublikisTvis. am war-momadgenlobis funqcia is iqneba, rom gaeros da sxva saer-TaSoriso institutebs miawodos sakuTari operatiuli informacia, romlis obieqturobaSic eWvis Setana ukve aRaravis SeuZlia. warmomadgenlobas axla Tavisi ofisi sWirdeba, iseve, rogorc mTeli rigi qveynis saelCoebs, rom-lebic Senobebis miRebas elodebian. samwuxarod, gviWirs, am saqmeSic – Senobebi zogi gayidulia, zogi gaCuqebuli.

parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ Cven­ yvelaferi­unda­ viRonoT­ imisTvis,­rom­Rirseulad­gamovideT­afxazeTis­omidan,­romelSic­amdeni­xalxi­iRupeba­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 10­noemberi.­–­N231(510).­–­1,3­gv.

352

baton bil klintons

pativcemulo batono klinton,neba miboZeT, suliTa da guliT mogilocoT amerikis

SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentis postze arCeva.minda virwmuno, rom Tqven mier Tqveni didi qvey-

nisaTvis gamocxadebuli axali starti aseTive didad sasikeTo iqneba msofliosaTvis, sadac dRes WeSmaritad epoqaluri cvlilebebi xdeba.

axali damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebi, romlebmac Ta-visuflebisa da demokratiis gza airCies, da maT Soris – Cemi samSoblo saqarTveloc, imediT Sehyurebs amerik-is SeerTebul Statebs, romlis Zliereba da ayvaveba yov-elTvis iyo dasayrdeni imaTTvis, vinc axal horizontebs eswrafvis.

gisurvebT did warmatebas.gulwrfelad Tqveni

eduard­SevardnaZe.

baton­bil­klintons­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.

353

baton jorj buSs

Zvirfaso jorj,mizezTa da mizezTa gamo ver SevZeli mepasuxa Tqvens

bolo werilze, romelSic SeSfoTebas gamoTqvamdiT saqarTvelosa da kavkasiaSi Seqmnili situaciss gamo da matyobinebdiT, Tu ra nabijebi gadadgiT Cvens mxarda-saWerad.

Tqvendami Cemi madliereba scildeba werilSi aR-niSnuli sakiTxebis farglebs. Tqveni guluxvi da keTili JestiT – sasursaTo daxmarebis gamoyofiT – Tqven imedi CausaxeT krizisiTa da omiT gawamebul adamianebs.

Cvenma urTierTobam, Cvenma kontaqtebma, Cvenma Ta-namSromlobam SesaniSnavi nayofi gamoiRo. partnioro-bis urTierTobam, romelSic mec vmonawileob, msoflios axali horizontebi gadauSala. Tqven bevri ram gaakeTeT amisaTvis. damTavrda „civi omi“, daimsxvra „rkinis far-da“, daingra xalxTa Soris kedlebi. „udabnos qariSxal-ma“ SeaCera agresori. uamravma qveyanam, da maT Soris Cem-ma samSoblobam, damoukidebloba moipoves.

Tqveni es damsaxureba martooden istoriis kuTv-nilebad ar darCeba, igi bevrad gansazRvravs awmyosa da momavals.

gisurvebT bednierebas Tqven da Tqvens axloblebs.imedi maqvs, Cven kvlav SevxvdebiT erTmaneTs.gulwrfelad Tqveni

eduard­SevardnaZe.

baton­jorj­ buSs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.

354

gaerTianebuli erebis generalur mdivans misaRmatebulebas b-n butros butros galis

pativcemulo b-no generaluro mdivano!neba miboZeT, kidev erTxel gamovTqva mTeli qarTve-

li xalxis da piradad Cemi udidesi madlierebis grZnoba Cems qveyanaSi da mTel msoflioSi mSvidobis ganmtkice-bisaTvis mimarTuli Tqveni didi Zalisxmevis gamo.

saqarTvelom didi madlierebiT aRiqva gaeros faqtebis damdgeni misiis CamobrZaneba, rogorc mniS-vnelovani nabiji konfliqtis mSvidobiani mogvarebis gzaze, iseve, rogorc am delegaciis ori eqspertis darCe-na saqarTveloSi am mimarTulebiT Semdgomi RonisZie-bebis gatarebis mizniT:

viTareba saqarTveloSi kvlav daZabulia. faqtia, rom saqarTvelom keTilsindisierad Seasrula moskovis 3 seqtembris SeTanxmebis is valdebulebebi, romlebsac sistematurad arRveven molaparakebis danarCeni mxa-reebi. saqarTvelos respublika iswrafvis ganuxrelad Seasrulos yvela is valdebuleba, romelic man ikisra, rogorc gaerTianebuli erebis origanizaciis wevrma.

didia gaeros, agreTve evropuli struqturebis daintereseba Cveni problemebiT, Tumca, samwuxarod, dRes Cven ar SegviZlia vilaparakoT afxazeTis konfliq-tis mowesrigebisaTvis gadadgmul konkretul nabijeb-ze. arada konfliqti ar cxreba, dapirispireba Rrma-vdeba. msxverpli matulobs. afxazi separatistebi da daqiravebuli sxva qveynis moqalaqeni kvlav axorcieleb-el mniSvnelovan samxedro operaciebs, yoveldRiurad matulobs daRupulTa ricxvi, saqarTvelo aivso afxaz-eTidan gamoqceuli ltolvilebiT.

kvlav da kvlav, Cven udides imedebs vamyarebT saer-TaSoriso organizaciebis da pirvel rigSi gaeros uSiS-roebis sabWos swraf da qmediT moqmedebaze, vinaidan, saubedurod, drois limiti kritikul zRvars aRwevs. vici, gaeros SesaZleblobebic garkveulad SezRdulia, magram uSiSroebis sabWos mier miRebuli rezoluciis

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kvlav dadasturebac ki dadebiTi nabiji iqneboda kon-fliqtis mowesrigebis brZolis am etapze.

samwuxarod, Cemi prognozi kavkasiaSi konfliqtis arealis gafarToebis Sesaxeb ukve cxadi xdeba. mogex-senebaT, rom CrdiloeT oseTsa da inguSebs Soris ukve namdvili omi daiwyo. regionSi ki TiTqmis ar arsebobs realuri meqanizmi aramc Tu am omis Cacxromisa, aramed lokalizebisac ki. kidev erTi kavkasiuri omi katastro-fas moaswavebs ara marto kavkasiisaTvis.

iugoslaviis magaliTi kidev erTxel adasturebs, Tu ra damangreveli Sedegebi mohyva dayovnebas. miT umetes, rom kavkasia, iugoslaviisagan gansxvavebiT, evropis per-iferiaze imyofeba, igi sul cota xnis winaT eziara da-moukideblobas da garkveulwilad yamirs warmoadgens saerTaSoriso Zalebis TanamSromlobis TvalsazrisiT. aq farTomasStabiani omis dawyebis SemTxvevaSi misi Se-Cereba gacilebiT ufro rTuli amocana iqneba msoflio TanamegobrobisaTvis.

gTxovT, kidev erTxel miapyroT Tqveni yuradReba aR-niSnul mdgomareobas, raTa ufro qmediTi, praqtikuli nabijebi gadaidgas dRevandeli msofliosaTvis ase saW-iro mSvidobisa da stabilurobis uZneles gzaze.

Rrma pativiscemiT,

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­Tavmjdomare,­saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­meTauri

eduard­SevardnaZe.

gaerTianebuli­ erebis­ generalur­ mdivans­ mis­ aRmatebulebas­ b-n­butros­butros­galis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.

356

maradiuli poezia

asi wlis galaktion tabiZe

didi galaktioni, rogorc yovelTvis, saqarTvelosTan aris!

dRes saqarTvelos Znelbedobis Jams, omisa da gaWirve-bis dros, Cven gansakuTrebuli suliskveTebiT aRvniSnavT galaktionis dabadebis asi wlisTavs, radgan igi im biWebis poetia, romelnic icaven saqarTvelos, im moxucebis poetia, romelTac uWirT da scivaT, im ymawvilTa poetia, romelnic jerac ar dabadebulan, magram movlen da axal saqarTvelos aaSeneben.

swored amitom, rac ar unda iyos da rogorc ar unda gviWirdes, axal saqarTveloSi Cven Tavisi unda mivagoT im did poets, romelmac qarTuli sulis tkiviliani istoria dautova STamomavlobas, maradiuli poezia, romelic dRe-sac upasuxebs Cvens tkivilebs, Cvens swrafvas mSvenierebi-saken, amaRlebisaken, adamianurobisaken.

galaktionTan Cemi Taobis adamianTa damokidebuleba Tavdapirvelad qrestomaTiul xasiaTs atarebda. CvenTvis da piradad CemTvis, igi upiratesad revoluciis poeti iyo, misi mexotbe, misi tribuni, cxovrebaSi ki – iqneb sakmaod mouwyobeli, bohemuri pirovnebac.

magram arc erTi da arc meore ar iyo galaktioni. iyo da arc iyo. Cven vxedavdiT mas aseTad da am kuTxiT mxolod imitom, rom Cveni TvalTaxedva iyo SezRuduli, Cven sxvag-varad danaxva ar SegveZlo, sxvagvarad mosmena ar SegveZlo, – aseTi iyo Cveni Tvali da aseTi – Cveni yuri.

wlebis Semdeg, me vrwmundebi, rom igi marto maSin ki ar iyo ucnobi CvenTvis, aramed axlac mniSvnelovanwilad uc-nobad rCeba, radgan igi yovelTvis upasuxebs dros, da Cven mxolod imis danaxva ZalgviZs, ris saSualebasac dro da Ta-vad Cveni codna, niWi da intuicia gvaZlevs.

Cven gavizardeT galaktionis qrestomaTiul leqsebze, Cven zepirad viciT es leqsebi, magram CvenTvis aravis us-

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wavlebia iseTi leqsebi, rogoricaa „brma cali TvaliT“ an „orad gaipo wiTeli klde“. Cven axalgazrdobaSi arc wagvi-kiTxavs es leqsebi, radgan didi poetis SemoqmedebaSi veZeb-diT da vkiTxulobdiT imas, ris danaxvasac gvikarnaxebdnen, rac Cven aRzrdiT unda dagvenaxa.

adre arasdros SemimCnevia, rom jer kidev ocian wleb-Si uTqvams galaktions meoce saukuneze – „es saukune me-fistofeli“, arc Cvens qveyanaze naTqvami SemimCnevia – „samSoblo Savi liuciferis“, sadac arasdros ar yofila nazareveli.

aTi wlis win galaktionis oTxmocdaaTi wlis iubiles-Tan dakavSirebiT vwerdi:

„galaktioni cxovrebaSi WeSmariti revolucioneri iyo. revoluciis medroSe da momRerali gaxldaT, amave dros man poeziaSic moaxdina revolucia. revolucioneri – cxovrebaSi, revolucioneri – poeziaSi, revolucia iyo misi stiqia. aseTi giganturi figuraa galaktioni“.

axlac am azrze vdgavar, magram erTi damatebiT: galak-tionma revoluciaSi isic dainaxa, rac, samwuxarod, yovel revolucias axlavs – sisxli, cremli, tkivili. man igrZno tragizmi revoluciisa da ganWvrita misi tragikuli Sede-gebic, rac, marto mis qveyanas ki ara, Tavad masac Seexo mTe-li ulmobelobiT.

geniosebi ubralo mkiTxvelTagan gansxvavebiT, movlen-ebs bevrad ufro srulad da Rrmad aRiqvamen. isini, sxeu-liT amwamierobis tyveni, suliT maradiulobas esaubrebian da Cven, ubralo mokvdavT, mxolod eqo gvesmis am saubrisa. am eqos mosmenasac didi niWi unda, RvTiuri sxivis anarek-lis danaxvas ki – maxvili Tvali.

didi poezia did mkiTxvelTan erTad iqmneba.amrigad, Cven, rogorc mkiTxvelni, valSi varT galak-

tionis winaSe. magram ara mxolod galaktionis. Cven valSi varT qarTuli mwerlobis, qarTuli xelovnebis winaSec, radgan faqtobrivad xelaxlaa gadasaazrebeli qarTuli xelovnebisa da mwerlobis istoria, Tavisi siRrmiseuli plastebiT, Tavisi piruTvneli SefasebebiT, Tavisi axlobe-li Tu Soreuli kavSirebis warmoCeniT, rogorc sakuTar,

358

ise msoflio kulturis tradiciebTan.xelaxla gadaazrebaze, piruTvnel Sefasebebze rom

vlaparakob, mxedvelobaSi maqvs xangrZlivi mecnieruli kvlevis, winamorbed da Tanamedrove SemoqmedTa sulSi wvdomis Rrma procesi; WeSmaritebis da samarTlianobis dadgenas da aRdgenas faqizi suli da umaRlesi erovnuli pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba sWirdeba. RmerTma dagvifaros axali „kampaniebisa“ da „laSqrobebisagan“. WeSmaritebis taZarTan mxolod WeSmariti mecniereba migviyvans.

ase rom, iqneb swored isev galaktionma, misi asi wlis iubilem gvibiZgos aqeT – SevxedoT sinamdviles ise, ro-gorc is aris.

Cveni sinamdvile ki rTulia, mravalferovani, winaaRm-degobebiT aRsavse. Cvens qveyanas warsul codvaTagan ganw-mendis Jami daudga. sikeTe, kacTmoyvareoba, ZmaTa siyvaru-li – qarTvelTa es odindeli Tvisebebi: kvlav daimkvidreben TavianT adgils Cveni xalxis cnobierebaSi. magram ganwmen-dis gza mravali siZnelis daZlevaze gadis, sinaTlisaken mavalis xvedri tanjvaa. WirTa Tmena, SeWirvebis laRad da Rirseulad atana gvmarTebs gansakuTrebiT dRes, Cveni sam-Soblosa da eris didi gamocdis Jams.

1925 wels galaktioni sasowarkveTiT kiTxulobda: „rogor SeviZloT uRvTismSobloba?“ es iyo sabediswe-ro SekiTxva, romelsac Cvenma samSoblom – RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilma qveyanam, sisxliTa da vedrebiT gasca pasuxi. rogorc vnaxeT, marTla ar SeiZleba uRvTismSoblod cx-ovreba, ar SeiZleba unazarevelod cxovreba, ar SeiZleba usiyvarulod cxovreba.

saqarTvelo dRes ubrundeba Tavis Tavs.da didi galaktionic, rogorc yovelTvis, masTan aris.

maradiuli­poezia.­asi­wlis­galaktion­tabiZe­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­noemberi.­–­N236(515).­–­1­gv.

359

eduard SevardnaZe: msofliom jer kidev ver gaigo, ras niSnavs eqstremizms Serwymuli

separatizmi. am movlenas verc ruseTSi misces saTanado Sefaseba

16 noembris radiointerviu

gasuli kvira metad mravalferovani movlenebiT aRin-iSna, imdenad dinamikurad viTardeboda movlenebi, rom Wirs analizi, – Tqva saqarTvelos respublikis mTavrobis meTaurma – parlamentis Tavmjdomarem eduard SevardnaZem orSabaTs, 16 noembers tradiciuli radiointervius dros komentator nato onianTan saubarSi. – upirveles yovlisa, yuradRebas ipyrobs CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi mimdinare mov-lenebi, Cemi azriT, rac iq moxda, unda momxdariyo da amis Taobaze me ukve mqonda saubari gaeroSi gamosvlis dros. rogorc Cans, raki ar moxerxda iq mimdinare procesebis marTva, ar moiZebna viTarebis ganmuxtvis saSualebani, am process win veraferi ver daudgeboda. rogorc ityvian, saqme aqamde bunebrivad unda misuliyo.

ramdenjer vTqvi da axlac minda gavimeoro, – xazi gaus-va saxelmwifos meTaurma, – rom msofliom jer ver gaigo, Tu ras niSnavs eqstremizms Serwymuli separatizmi. am movlenas verc ruseTSi misces, samwuxarod, saTanado Se-faseba. arada, kvlav vimeoreb, es procesi udides safrTxes uqadis mTel msoflios. mogexsenebaT, es procesi kavkasia-Si daiwyo da iugoslaviaSi gagrZelda. Cemi azriT, ruse-Ti seriozulad unda Caufiqrdes am process da misces mas aseve seriozuli Sefaseba. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi momxdari erTi kviris movlenebi imas mowmoben, rom ruseTma am saqmes mohkida xeli, es ukve aSkarad Cans. magram ara mgonia, rom ruseTis CeCneTisadmi damokidebuleba omSi gadaizardos. es mZime movlena iqneba TviT ruseTisaTvis da, cxadia, ufro uaresi CeCneTisaTvis, magram daZabuli viTareba am region-Si darCeba. iseTi STabeWdileba rCeba, rom ruseTma ver Se-Zlo raime dadebiTi zemoqmedeba moexdina kavkasiis xalxTa konfederaciis moRvaweobaze, samarTlebrivi Tvalsazris-

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iT dasaxulma misma RonisZiebebma, SeiZleba iTqvas, piriqiT, uaresi Sedegi moitana da es momentic uTuod sayuradReboa da vfiqrob, ruseTi amas unda Caufiqrdes.

rac Seexeba ruseT-ukrainis urTierTobas, romel-ic ganvlil kviraSi kvlav yuradRebis centrSi moeqca, me vfiqrob, igi ar miiRebs dramatul xasiaTs, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem. – am ori qveynis istoria, orive xalxis bedi ise mWidrod aris erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli, rom es momente-bi daZlevs yovelgvar winaaRmdegobas. ise erTi momentic uTuod uSlis xels am urTierTobas – es damoukidebeli qveynebis Tanamegobrobis arseboba gaxlavT. Tanamegobroba rom ar iyos, es ori qveyana ufro advilad monaxavda saerTo enas. is faqti, rom Cven ar viCqareT TanamegobrobaSi Sesv-la, uTuod Cveni kursis gamarjveba iyo, – dasZina eduard SevardnaZem.

Semdeg saubari Seexo ruseTis samTavrobo delegaciis Camosvlas saqarTveloSi, romelic saqarTvelos mxaresTan amJamad molaparakebas awarmoebs or qveyanas Soris didi xe-lSekrulebis dasadebad, saxelmwifos meTaurma xazi gausva am misiis did mniSvnelobas da aRniSna, rom, Tumca es misia cota dagvianebulia, magram, rogorc ityvian, sjobs gvian, vidre arasdros.

saerTod ruseTma, dagvianebiT daamyara CvenTan diplo-matiuri urTierTobac, dagvianebiT daniSna Tavisi elCic saqarTveloSi, amiT, me mgoni, ruseTma bevri veraferi moi-go da SeiZleba arc araferi waugia, magram is faqti, rom ruseTis elCi ramdenime TviT gvian gamoCnda saqarTvelo-Si, vidre, vTqvaT, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis, anda ger-maniisa, es ukve cota raimeze ar metyvelebs.

saerTod ki unda vTqva, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – rom ruseTis elCi sakmaod karg STabeWdilebas tovebs. me SevniSne, rom igi grZnobs yovelive amas, razec zemoT vlapa-rakobdi da amTaviTve Seecdeba, albaT, aqtiuri muSao-biT moaxdinos yvelafris kompensacia. aseTive poziciazea samTavrobo delegaciac, romelic did xelSekrulebaze muSaobs. da rogori damokidebulebac unda hqondes Cveni sazogadoebis nawils ruseTis politikisadmi, misi saqa-

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rTveloSi ganlagebuli jarebis statusisadmi, ruseTis faqtoris gareSe Cveni mdgomareoba SeiZleba kidev ufro garTuldes, jer kidev moqmedi ekonomikuri kavSirebi rom gadaiWras, Cven kidev ufro uares viTarebaSi aRmovCndeb-iT. ai, aseTi poziciidan unda mivudgeT ruseTTan urTier-Tobis sakiTxebs.

komentatoris SekiTxvaze, Tu rogor Seafasebda saxel-mwifos meTauri parlamentis komisiebisa da misi Tavmj-domareebis arCevasTan dakavSirebiT Seqmnil sazogadoe-briv azrs, eduard SevardnaZem dasZina, rom ar aris saWiro aseTi momentebis dramatizeba. zogs moswons es arCevnebi, zogs ar moswons. es axali demokratiisaTvis Cveulebrivi procesia. muSaobis momentSi gamoCndebian es adamianebi. mTavari is aris, rom miuxedavad sirTuleebisa, parlamenti Seudga muSaobas da Tavi gaarTva wamoWril problemebs.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZe Seexo puris fasebis gazr-dasTan dakavSirebul problemas da aRniSna, rom fasebis momatebis paralelurad saxelmwifom gamoyo sakompensacio Tanxebi da Tu isini ar aris miRebuli, es adgilobriv xe-lisufalTa danaSaulia da pasuxi maT unda movTxovoT. ra Tqma unda, Cvenc unda CavixedoT am saqmeSi, magram, vimeoreb, pasuxismgebloba adgilobriv xelisuflebas ekisreba.

radiokomentatorma ganvlili kviris movlenebidan ga-mohyo satelefono saubari, romelic saqarTvelos saxelm-wifos meTaursa da amerikis axlad arCeul prezidents bil klintons Soris gaimarTa.

– amasTan dakavSirebiT ar minda bevri vilaparako, – aR-niSna eduard SevardnaZem, – magram am faqtiT dasturdeba, rom saqarTvelosa da amerikas Soris urTierToba araTu gacivdeba da Seferxdeba, aramed kidev ufro gafarTovdeba da gaRrmavdeba, es ki TavisTavad Zalian saintereso faqtia. Cven rom angariSs gviweven, amerikis prezidentis im fra-zebidanac Cans, romlebic man Cveni Semdgomi saubrebis da urTierTobis formebs miuZRvna.

win didi problemebi gvidevs, – Tqva eduard Sevard-naZem, – parlamentSi gansaxilvelia afxazeTis sakiTxi, ro-melsac me cota sxvanairad vuyureb, vidre Cemi kolegebi,

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pirdapir vambob, me yvela sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi vmonawil-eobdi, romelic afxazeTs Seexeboda da SemiZlia bevri ra-mec davibralo, magram umjobesia es gaakeTos specialur-ma komisiam, romelic amaze muSaobs. man unda gviTxras, Tu ratom dayovdna Cveni Zalebi soxumSi. da ras akeTebdnen iq oTxi dRis manZilze, vimeoreb, amas imitom ki ar vambob, rom pasuxismgeblobas vixsni, realur situacias vafiqsireb. rac Seexeba gudauTas, es sakiTxi ufro rTuli gaxlavT, radgan winaswar ar iyo garkveuli urTierToba iq dislocirebul ruseTis samxedro SenaerTebTan. me ar vici, aqvT Tu ara saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebs cecxlTan TamaSis aseTi ufle-ba. axla iseTi droa, rom gadabraleba-gadmobraleba erTg-var senad gadaiqca da yvelam erTad unda vecadoT, rom am senisagan ganvikurnoT. samwuxarod, damnaSavis iq Zebna, sad-ac ar unda eZebde, sisxlis gamodenis survili, Tu SeiZleba aseTi gamoTqma vixmaroT, axla bevrs aqvs. amis Taobaze xval gveqneba saubari parlamentis sxdomaze. saerTod ki, albaT, cota droa saWiro, rom yvelaferSi mSvidad gaverkveT. es cota dro unda moviTminoT.

Seexo ra mTavrobis kabinetis ganaxlebis sakiTxs, saxel-mwifos meTaurma aRniSna, rom es parlamentis gadasawyveti sakiTxia. piradad Cemi mosazreba ki is gaxlavT, – Tqva man, – rom igi moiTxovs gadaxalisebas. ar minda vTqva, rom yvela unda wavides, magram iq unda movides iseTi xalxic, romel-ic swrafad moaxerxebs adaptacias, rom Sedegebic swafadve miviRoT. baton siguasTan konsultaciebi ukve gvqonda da, vfiqrob, am kviraSi sakvanZo momentebi unda Seivsos. vne-baTaRelva axla am sakiTxebze didia, imasac amboben, TiTqos iqneba gaficvebi, protestebi, es araseriozul laparakad mimaCnia. Cven aseT sakiTxebs im kuTxidan unda SevxedoT, Tu ras fiqrobs xalxi, Tu vis uWers mxars. Tu xalxi dauWers mxars, maSin yovelgvar muqaras gavugebT.

mTavaria, amTaviTve mivxedoT zamTris problemebs. me vfiqrob, es zamTari zogierT sakiTxSi cota ukeTesi iqneba, Tu raime ubedureba ar datrialda. respublikis momarage-ba gaziT uzrunvelyofili unda iyos. saxsrebi gamoiZebna, miliardebia gadaricxuli TurqmeneTSi. amasTan, rogorc

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ki saSualeba iqneba, Cven am sakiTxze molaparakebas daviw-yebT iranTan. aseTive radikaluri zomebi iqneba miRebuli eleqtroenergiiT momaragebisaTvisac. samwuxarod, didi siZneleebia sawvaviT momaragebaSi. vici, ra Rirs benzini, rogor wvalobs xalxi, magram saubedurod, Cveni resursebi faqtobrivad amowurulia. me araerTxel gamovTqvi SeniS-vna saqnavTobkoncernis mimarT. radgan vTvli, rom SeiZle-boda saqme ukeT gvqonoda, rom ara tyuilebi. meubnebodnen, amdeni Semova, imdeni Semovao, da araferic ar Semovida. saerTod, rogorc Cans unda gamovimuSaoT raRacnairi mk-acri midgoma aseTi tyuilebisadmi.

guSin baTumSi galxdiT, – ganagrZo eduard Sevard-naZem, – viyavi navTobgadammuSavebel qarxanaSi. es Zalian mniSvnelovani rezervic, samwuxarod, gamouyenebelia. ase-vea sursaTze. viareT evropaSi, vilaparakeT kontraqtebze, mere gaZvirda yvelaferi da davrCiT ase. ar vici, ras mivaw-ero aseTi ram – Cvens ususurobas Tu upasuxismgeblobas?

axla ratom ar aris gamoyenebuli baTumis navTobgadam-muSavebeli qarxnis rezervebi? madloba RmerTs, Cven Cveni sakuTari navTobic mogvepoveba, magram misi baTumis qarxa-naSi miwodeba gaZnelda, radgan zestafonidan dawyebuli, vidre baTumamde pirdapir „nadiroben“ am navTobsadenze, amtvreven da xvreten mas, rogorc ki navTobs gavuSvebT. guSin lanCxuTSi gaburRes es milsadeni. samwuxarod, adg-ilobrivma organoebma ver SesZles am faqtebis Tavidan ac-ileba. rogorc Cans, mogviwevs Tavdacvis sabWos sxdomaze gamoZaxeba yvela am raionis adgilobrivi xelmZRvanelo-bisa da unda mieces maTs pozicias Sesabamisi Sefaseba. sxva gza ara gvaqvs.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ msofliom­jer­ kidev­ ver­ gaigo,­ ras­ niSnavs­eqstremizms­ Serwymuli­ separatizmi.­ am­ movlenas­ verc­ ruseTSi­misces­saTanado­Sefaseba­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­17­noemberi.­–­N236(515).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: saqarTvelos dRes mravalprofiliani politika sWirdeba

orSabaTis radiointerviu – 23 noemberi

mivesalmebi radiomsmenelebs, vulocav yvelas gior-gobis dResaswauls da miuxedavad imisa, rom mZime droa, visurveb, am dRes mSvidoba Seetanos yvela maTganis ojaxSi, – Tqva saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem radioko-mentator nato onianTan saubris dasawyisSi. Semdeg man gaanaliza ganvlili kviris movlenebi. kerZod, aRniSna, rom ganvlili dReebi marTlac datvirTuli da daZabu-li iyo. parlamentma moismina Cemi moxseneba afxazeTTan dakavSirebiT. es iyo cda, gagveazrebina yovelive, Tu ra moxda afxazeTSi, ratom aRmoCnda CaTreuli saqarT-velo am Sinaur konfliqtSi, ratom Seetaknen erTmaneTs afxazebi da qarTvelebi, ra problemebia amJamad da aris Tu ara am problemebidan gamosavali. me parlamentSi gamosvlis dros vTqvi da axlac vimeoreb – is gamosvla xmamaRali fiqri ufro iyo, vidre ukve napovni gamosava-li, magram amisaTvis cda ki namdvilad ar dagviklia.

parlamentma Seqmna specialuri komisia afxazeTTan dakavSirebiT. es komisia gaagrZelebs muSaobas da Seqm-nis dokuments, romelic saparlamento dokumenti iqneba Tavisi daskvniT, winadadebebiTa da rekomendaciebiT, Tu rogor davaRwioT Tavi Seqmnil mdgomareobas. ase rom, praqtikuli muSaoba am sakiTxze intensiurad iwyeba.

gudauTaSi miRweuli SeTanxmeba cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb mainc dadebiTi movlenaa, – aRniSna eduard Se-vardnaZem, radgan am monakveTze iyo usiamovno Setake-bebi. me ar minda, romelime mxare davadanaSaulo, magram es incidentebi xdeboda ruseTis jaris nawilebsa da qa-rTuli jaris nawilebs Soris. SeTanxmebiT, vfiqrobT, am movlenebs adgili aRar eqneba. saerTod ki ukanasknel xans saqarTvelos teritoriaze dislocirebuli ruse-Tis jarebis raodenoba TandaTan mcirdeba, – ganagrZo

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saxelmwifos meTaurma, – amJamad, roca am samxedro olq-ma jarebis dajgufebis saxelwodeba miiRo, misi piradi Semadgenloba or-samjer naklebia winandelTa Sedare-biT da maTi raodenobis klebis es seriozuli tendencia SenarCunebuli iqneba.

amasTan, aris jarebis iseTi saxeobani, romelTa darCeniT Cven TviT unda viyoT dainteresebuli. es aris sahaero Tavdacvis da sasazRvro dacvis nawilebi. ruse-Tis jaris statusze molaparakebis pirveli raundi TbilisSi ukve gaimarTa, meore raundi moskovSi gagr-Zeldeba da, albaT, gadawydeba, Tu ra statusi eqnebaT ruseTis jarebs. am sakiTxze SesaZloa diskusiebi parla-mentSic gaimarTos.

Seexo ra parlamentis muSaobas, parlamentis Tavmj-domarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma Tqva, rom moumzadebe-li sakiTxebis ganxilvas parlamentSi Zalian didi dro miaqvs, arada, dro CvenTvis axla yvelaze Zvirfasia, saerTod ki parlamentis muSaoba uTuod nayofieri iyo. faqtobrivad, Cven daviwyeT samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos mSenebloba. saxelmwifo kanonis miReba didi da serio-zuli nabiji iyo am etapze. miviReT reglamenti, romlis ganxilvasac bevr parlamentSi kvireebi sWirdeba; ganvix-ileT da miviReT kanoni aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis Sesaxeb, Tu rogori unda iyos mTavrobis struqturebi. iyo ori azri, rom an mTlianad SegvenarCunebina isini, an mTlianad ganaxlebuliyo. orive es azri Sejerda da par-lamentma dRevandeli dRis Sesabamisi gadawyvetileba miiRo. amitom vafaseb Cvens muSaobas optimisturad. da Tuki mis muSaobaSi teleekranTan msxdom sazogadoebas jer kidev bevri ram ar moswons, mjera, esec droebiTi ambavia. yvelaferi momwifdeba da dalagdeba.

yvelaze mtkivneuli sakiTxi axla mTavrobis kabinetis Seqmna galxavT, – ganagrZo eduard SevardnaZem, – Tu vin unda wavides da vin unda darCes. aris aseTi azric, rom, Tu mTlianad ar Seicvala, araferi ar gakeTdeba. Cemi piradi mosazrebiT, kabineti unda Seicvalos. vfiqrob amas unda SeveguoT. axla omia da swrafi reformebi

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aucilebelia, sxva yaidis xalxia saWiro. movZebniT Tu ara maT, es meore sakiTxia, magram amisaTvis konsulta-ciebi baton siguasTan grZeldeba. me vfiqrob, bevri sain-tereso mosazreba ukve arsebobs. ar vici, gaiziarebs Tu ar mas parlamenti, magram, mimaCnia, rom iseve, rogorc parlamentSia, mTavrobaSic unda iyvnen warmodgenili ZiriTadi politikuri Zalebi, romlebic CvenTan erTad ikisreben amJamad arsebuli mdgomareobidan gamosvlis umZimes pasuxismgeblobas. simarTle giTxraT, quCaSi ga-mosvla meuxerxuleba. puris rigebi, ubenzinoba, gaWir-veba, da siduxWire, uamravi ram aklia xalxs. bevri, rac unda gakeTebuliyo, ar gakeTda. ase mgonia, yvelaferi es Cemi bralia... Tumca, esec aris – saxelmwifos meTauri yvelaferze agebs pasuxs.

radiokomentatoris SekiTxvaze, Tu rogor Sea-fasebda saxelmwifos meTauri ruseTTan momavali didi xelSekrulebis gamo gamoTqmul mosazrebas, TiTqos ax-ali georgievskis traqtati mzaddebodes, eduard Se-vardnaZem, kerZod, dasZina: sakiTxis aseTnairad dayene-ba, rogorc zogierTi msjelobs, ar SeiZleba. axla sxva droa, Sua saukuneebi ar aris, amitom am mxarisaken unda gvqondes orientacia Tu im mxarisaken, ase pirdapir Tqma swori ar iqneboda. amJamad manevrirebis saSualebebi ganusazRvrelia. amitom saqarTvelos dRes mravalpro-filiani politika sWirdeba. gulubryviloba iqneba, rom uarvyoT ruseTis samecniero potenciali, Tundac samxedro Tvalsazrisi. zogierTis azriT, dResve unda avdgeT, natos davukavSirdeT da amiT yvelaferi dam-Tavrdeba. magram es ase ar aris. marTalia, perspeqtiva-Si natos funqciebi Zalian gafarTovda, magram am funq-ciasTan bevri jer mxolod Teoriul stadiaSia. pirvel rigSi es exeba politikur konfliqtebs, romelTa gad-awyvetaSi natos misia, vimeoreb, Teoriul CanasaxSia da Tavisi SesaZleblobebiT Cvenamde rom moaRwios, did dro dasWirdeba. amitom axla imis Tqva, rom ruseTTan yovel-gvari urTierToba unda gavwyvitoT da amerikasTan unda viyoT, ar aris mTlad seriozuli msjeloba. espaneTs aTi

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weli dasWirdeba imisaTvis, rom evrogaerTianebaSi Car-Tuliyo, portugalias – 12. ase advilad ar xdeba, rom dawer gancxadebas da maSinve wevrad migiReben. Cven gan-sazRvruli unda gvqondes da gvaqvs kidec Cveni saerTo orientacia farTo gagebiT – es gaxlavT evropuli kul-tura, evropuli civilizacia. amitom saqarTvelo aRar unda moxvdes mTlianad vinmes gavlenaSi da aRarc mox-vdeba, radgan axla sxva wesrigia msoflioSi. Tu ruseTi iseT nabijs gadadgams rogor nabijzec zogierTebi gva-frTxileben, maSin TviTon ruseTi dakargavs yvelafers, TviT aRmoCndeba izolaciaSi. amitom mas ar SeuZlia zurgi Seaqcios msoflio wesrigis aseT process, Tuki ra Tqma unda, ruseTSi sxva Zala ar gaimarjvebs. magram, merwmuneT, es sxva Zala iseve saSiSia msofliosaTvis, ro-gorc saqarTvelosaTvis.

Semdeg saubari Seexo galaktionis 100 wlisTavis iubiles, romelic axlaxan gaimarTa. me gamovxate Cemi damokidebuleba am movlenebisadmi da minda gavimeoro, aRniSna man, rom galaktioni Cemi ocnebis poetia. igi rev-oluciis simbolo gaxlavT. me romelime konkretul rev-oluciaze ki ar vlaparakob, aramed dRevandel, xvalin-del da maradiul gardamqmnel, srulmyof Rirebulebebs vgulisxmob, romliTac Cven vsazrdoobT da kidev mrava-li Taoba isazrdoebs.

– Tqveni damokidebuleba religiisadmi da xarT Tu ara monaTluli? – hkiTxa radiokomentatorma.

– var monaTluli, magram ara adreul asakSi. es ri-tuali uwmindessa da unetaresTan, baton ilia meor-esTan aris dakavSirebuli da Cemi naTlobis saxeli gax-lavT giorgi. Cems kabinetSi RvTismSoblis xatia. adre Cems samuSao kabinetebSi sxva suraTebic yofila. maSin me mjeroda im xatebisa, magram, minda giTxraT, eWvebic mqonda. saerTod xati ar aris imis niSani, rom ganwmen-dili xar. ganwmenda msoflmxedvelobrivi evoluciis Sedegia. magaliTad, me aravin ar maiZulebda partiidan gavsuliyavi. aqamde Cemi msoflmxedvelobiT mivedi da am gziTve kardinalurad Seicvala Cemi damokidebuleba

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religiisadmi, qristianobisadmi. sxva bevr raimesac exe-ba es. Tu Cven amas Cvens xalxze ganvavrcobT, maSin Segvi-Zlia vTqvaT, rom aseTma evoluciam, aseTma rwmenam unda gadagvarCinos.

Cven yovelTvis uzenaesi Zalis TvalTaxedvis areSi varT da igia Cveni qcevis, Cveni yofis msajuli. Tu es daviviwyeT, codvas CavidenT sakuTari sulis, xalxis, qveynis winaSe. Cveni yoveldRiuri cxovreba im uzenae-si Zalis gansjis sagania, rasac unda vakeTebdeT, is yve-lafers xedavs.

ganwmendis es procesi winaaRmdegobrivi iyo da aris. SesaZloa bevr rames ver CavwvdiT, SeiZleba bevri ram ise ver gavakeTeT rogorc saWiro iyo, magram axla im uzen-aesis monawileobis gareSe sayovelTao ganwmenda ar mox-deba. amitom TiToeuli Cvengani pirovnulad aseTi Seg-nebiT unda mivides am gagebasTan.

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­saqarTvelos­dRes­mravalprofiliani­poli-tika­sWirdeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­noemberi.­–­N241(520).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: Tu xeli ar gavanZrieT, araferi gveSveleba

orSabaTis radiointerviu 30 noemberi

ganvlili kviris movlenebs gansakuTrebuli mniSvn-eloba eqneba momavali saqarTvelosTvis. Cven maTi moms-wre varT da isini Cveulebriv mimdinare movlenebad migvaCnia, magram mere, rac dro gava, maTi mniSvneloba sul ufro gaizrdeba da Taobebi mixvdebian, rom am mov-lenebma udidesi roli Seasrula demokratiuli saqarT-velos mSeneblobaSi. Cven axla gvyavs parlamenti, gvyavs mTavroba da maTi Camoyalibeba iseTive rTul da mZime droSi gvixdeboda, rogor droSic parlamentis arCev-nebis Catareba mogvixda. magram, madloba RmerTs, ukve gvaqvs saSualeba meti dro xalxze, qveynis mZime mdgomare-obidan gamoyvanaze fiqrs davuTmeT. axla konkretuli RonisZiebebis droa da ara fuWi paeqrobisa. simarTlis garkvevis survili, romelic aseTi kamaTis dros Cndeba xolme, bunebrivia, magram igi SurisZiebaSi ar unda ga-daizardos. parlamentis wina sxdomaze, romelsac ar veswrebodi, aseTi ram faqtobrivad moxda. Cven axla ara varT mzad imisaTvis, rom vqeqoT erTmaneTis ganvlili gza. TviT im axalgazrdebma, romlebic parlamentSi mov-idnen, Zalian rTuli da Zneli gza ganvles da, vfiqrob, es Tundac amitom ar aris saWiro. amasTanave ar minda, rom wina parlamentis msgavsi ram gakeTdes. Cven axla swor gzas vadgavarT da am gzidan ar unda gadavuxvioT. aseT Znelad asaxsnel movlenebze msjeloba ki sasurveli su-lac ar aris, radgan igi Crdils ayenebs parlaments. Cven unda gvaxsovdes Tu ra Crdili miadga saqarTvelos wina parlaments amgvari laparakiT da ara marto mas. igive moxda baltiispireTSic. amitom gvmarTebs sifrTxile.

axlaxan vTqvi da axlac minda gavimeoro, Cemi rwmeniT, Cveni yoveli nabiji uzenaesis TvalTaxedvis areSia. is yovlisSemZlea da gviSvelis, magram Tu xeli ar gavanZ-rieT araferi ar gveSveleba. Cven gviSvelis Tavdadebu-

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li Sroma da sazRvargareTis qveynebis daxmareba. es dax-mareba rom ar yofiliyo, Cveni mdgomareoba ufro rTuli iqneboda. Cven SegveZlo sazRvargareTidan aqamde ufro meti ram migveRo, magram, ukve vTqvi, rom bevri ram ver gavakeTeT amisaTvis. Tumca dakarguli araferia, SeiZle-ba am naklis gamosworeba. es exeba puris maragsac. male imdeni unda Semovides, rom SiSi, romelic amasTan daka-vSirebiT arsebobs, aRar iqneba. oRond misi ganawileba uTuod samarTlianad unda moxdes da saamiso formebze unda vifiqroT. mere kidev gveqneba saSualeba evropaSic viSovoT raime, ruseTTanac gaformdeba ekonomikuri xe-lSekruleba...

samwuxarod, ruseTTan urTierTobaSi mxolod calmx-rivi damokidebuleba Warbobs da Cven axla ara varT mzad imisaTvis, rom am gziT viaroT. mapatieT, me daviRale amgvar diletantizmTan brZoliT. rac ufro davaCqa-rebT ruseTTan ormxrivi didi xelSekrulebis dadebas, miT ufro male gveqneba meti SeRavaTi.

axla citrusebis didi mosavali gvaqvs da misi gasaRe-bis problema dadga. sad unda gavitanoT igi? evropas da sxvasac citrusiT ver gavakvirvebT. ese igi gvrCeba ruseTis bazari. amitom, vimeoreb, droa gadavlaxoT sa-kuTari winsvlis Semaferxebeli Cveni es Sinagani bari-eri da mivxvdeT, rom amgvari urTierToba aucilebelia CvenTvis da ruseTisTvisac.

Seexo ra saqarTvelos erTiani jaris Camoyalibebis problemas, saxelmwifos meTaurma Tqva: sabednierod, er-Tiani qarTuli jaris Seqmna qvemodan daiwyo -afxazeTs vgulisxmob. iq arsebuli yvela samxedro formireba ukve erTian sardlobas emorCileba. iq axla isini gaformdnen rogorc korpusi da am am korpuss hyavs Tavisi sardali da Stabi. SesaZloa iyos darCenili raime Seusabamoba, mT-lad idealurad yvelgan ar iyos saqme, magram mTavari is aris, rom es procesi daiwyo da korpusis gaformeba mox-da. Tavdacvis ministris pirvel moadgiled da sardlad dainiSna general-leitenanti anatoli kamkamiZe. amiT saerTo armiis organizaciuli struqtura Camoyalibda.

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sirTule gvaqvs TbilisSi. bevrs ar surs yazarmebSi Sesv-la. vimeoreb, es siZnele aris, da albaT, amas dedaqalaqSi yvela grZnobs, amitom, im elementebis sakiTxi, romlebic axla gvardielebis saxeliT sargebloben da moqmedeben, unda gadawydes da, vfiqrob, mere igi organizaciuladac gadawydeba.

radiokomentatoris kiTxvaze, Tu ra zomebs iRebs saqarTvelos xelisufleba gagris zonaSi darCenili qa-rTuli moasxleobis dasacavad, saqarTvelos meTaurma Tqva: gagra da leseliZe Cveni tkivilia. RmerTma icis, Cven iq saomrad ar wavsulvarT. Cven Tavs mogvaxvies da CagviTries am omSi, da maTac, vinc es gaakeTa es Zalian Zvirad daujda. Cven bevri TanamoZme davkargeT. me ar minda axla im zomebze visaubro, romlebsac Cven viRebT am okupirebul teritoriaze. arc im xalxs Cavagdeb sa-frTxeSi, vinc gvexmareba. vimeoreb, Cven arasodes ar vi-yaviT saomari operaciebis gaZlierebis momxreni, magram oCamCiris zonaSi bolo xans kvlav iyo iseTi gamoxdome-bi, rom iZulebuli viqnebiT gavaZlieroT saomari opera-ciebi.

Semdeg saxelmwifos meTauri Seexo afxazeTSi Seqm-nili xelisuflebis axali struqturebis urTierTobis Sesaxeb eWvebs, TiTqos aq SeiZleba moxdes raime konfliq-ti, araviTari safuZveli ara aqvs. iq samxedroebs aqvT up-iratesoba, maT Soris, marTvis sakiTxebSic, magram mTav-robac saWiroa da saxelmwifo ministris institutic. batoni xaindrava SesaniSnavi pirovnebaa, mas saukeTeso kontaqtebi aqvs yvelasTan, maT Soris afxaz inteligen-ciasTan. ase rom, yvela maTgani Seucvlelia Tavis adgil-ze. me piradad Sevxvdi yvelas da mjera, rom maTi muSao-ba kolegialurad warimarTeba da piradi interesebi saxelmwifo interesebze maRla arasodes ar dadgeba.

Semdeg saubari Seexo saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi sx-vadasxva erovnebis adamianTa urTierTobis sakiTxebs. saxelmwifos meTaurma didi kmayofilebiT aRniSna, rom es urTierTobebi ar gamrudda TviT aseTi didi Znelbe-dobis Jamsac ki, rogoric axla gvidgas, da aris amis

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damadasturebeli uamravi faqti. me axlaxan televiziaSi Sexvedrisas aRvniSne, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – rom yoveli aseTi faqti unda gamoviyenoT am urTierTobaTa gasaRrmaveblad. yoveli aseTi naperwkali unda gavaRviv-oT, rom misi siTbo da naTeli yvelas gadaswvdes. ramdeni qarTveli Seifares afxazebma, da piriqiT; ramdeni faqti viciT osTa da qarTvelTa aseTive damokidebulebisa. ai, aseTi faqtebi Seavsebs Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi mowyo-bis saganZurs. mjera, gava es mZime dro da normalurad vicxovrebT. amas winaT, saavadmyofoebSi daWrili meom-rebi movinaxule, – ganagrZo saxelmwifos meTaurma. – da iq vnaxe erTi rusi axalgazrda, romelic orjer daiWra saqarTvelos interesebisTvis brZolaSi. qvemo qarTlis raionebSic kargi moZraobaa, rom azerbaijaneli axal-gazrdebi dadgnen afxazeTSi Cvens meomarTa gverdiT.

iyo informacia, TiTqos afxazTa mxares e.w. Turqi mesxebi ibrZvian, magram me maqvs faqtebi, roca es xalxi Cvens gverdiT dasadgomad aris mzad. somxebis Tanad-gomis magaliTebi ki iciT.

xalxSi axla aris ganwyobileba, rom saWiroa Zlieri xeli, da amas imiT asabuTeben, rom mobezrdaT es uwesri-goba, magram diqtatorul principebs me mxars ar davuW-er da arc SeiZleba aseTi pirobebi Seiqmnas Cvens yofaSi. Cven cota dro gvWirdeba, rom yvelaferi movawesrigoT, radgan, axla ukve gvyavs kanonieri xelisufleba, gveqne-ba kargi kanonebi da unda iyos maTi kargi Semsrulebeli, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas. ese igi, gvWirdeba Zlieri xeli-sufleba da Cven aseT donemde unda avmaRldeT.

– aris Tu ara mosalodneli axali saxelmwifo ga-datrialeba? – hkiTxa radiokomentatorma saxelmwifos meTaurs.

– ucnauri kiTxvaa, upasuxa man, – ar vici, swori iqneba Tu ara am Temaze laparaki, amdeni gadatrialebis Semdeg. iqneb gulSi vinme marTlac fiqrobdes amas, magram, unda giTxraT, axla avantiurebis da gadatrialebis dro ar aris, da vinme rom Seecados kidec, Tundac is, visac re-aluri Zalaufleba aqvs, Tundac saxelmwifos meTauric

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iyos (xandaxan saxelmwifos meTaurebic gamodian xolme gadatrialebis iniciatorebad), xalxi walekavs. raRa dros gadatrialebaze laparakia. axla imaze unda iyos laparaki, rom droulad davamTavroT omi da amisaTvis miviRoT sagangebo zomebi, raTa yvelaferi gakeTdes afx-azeTSic da sxvaganac. axla imaze fiqris dro ar aris, Tu vin romeli posti unda daikavos. amitom, ara mgonia, es realuri safrTxe iyos. Tu vinmes es awuxebs, SeuZlia mSvidad iyos da imasac vurCevdi: nuRar fiqrobs amaze da am fiqrSi dros nu kargavs. es axla ar aris realuri safrTxe saqarTvelosaTvis, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem.

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­Tu­xeli­ar­gavanZrieT,­araferi­gveSveleba­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­dekemberi.­–­N245(524).­–­1­gv.

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ikvaleba qarTuli gza demokratiisaken

reportaJi parlamentis sxdomidan

interviu parlamentis TavmjdomaresTan – saxelmwifos meTaurTan eduard SevardnaZesTan

guSin, sxdomebs Soris, Sesvenebisas Sedga, foieSi, „demokratiuli ubraloebis“ reklamirebis

gareSe. bunebrivad.

ramdenime wuTis win, parlamentma xuTi axali minis-tri daamtkica.

– ministrTa kabinetis axali Semadgenlobis formire-ba faqtobrivad damTavrda. ra grZnoba Warbobs TqvenSi, batono eduard?

ra grZnoba Warbobs? gamoucdelobis miuxedavad, parlamenti mainc Tavis simaRleze aRmoCnda da ministr-Ta kabineti, Cveni pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, dakomp-leqtda sakmaod sainteresod da kargad. es laparakobs imaze, rom parlamentarTa arCevaSi xalxi ar Semcdara. Tumca, gamoucdelobis elementi arsebobda da aris. bunebrivia es.

– axali mTavrobis am SemadgenlobaSi eqsperimentis elementic aris? Tu ara?

– CvenTan axla yvelaferi eqsperimentebTanaa dakav-Sirebuli. TviT arCevnebic, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris da saxelmwifos meTauris arCevac, parlamentis Semadgen-lobac, kabinetis dakompleqtebac sxvadasxva partiebisa da blokebis warmomadgenlebisagan da ase Semdeg. yve-laferi eqsperimentia. me vTqvi, rom es qarTuli gzaa demokratiisaken.

– winasaarCevno Sexvedraze TqviT.– diax, qarTuli gzaa. ar aris es arc xmauriani fra-

za da arc is, rom msoflio politikis praqtikaSi raRac axal sityvas vambobT, magram...

– magram aris.

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– aris. da amis Tqma ar unda gveridebodes. Cven im gziT mivdivarT, romelic Cvens realur pirobebs esadageba da, bunebrivia, rom Cven ukeT gvesmis, vidre, Tundac, evropul institutebs, Cveni realoba da Cveni Tavisebu-rebani. Cemis azriT, bednierebaa, rom Cven ar gveSinia am siaxleebis, ucnobi gzebis, xandaxan sruliad araordi-naruli gadawyvetilebebis. ai, magaliTad, Cvenma sayov-elTao-saxalxo arCevnebma evropaSi ironiuli Sefasebac ki gamoiwvia: ra aris es, msgavsi araferi gvinaxavso! axla ki miaCniaT, rom es nabiji Zalian Wkvianuri iyo. evropaSi amJamad bevri Tvlis, rom igive meTodi yofili sabWoTa kavSiris sxva qveynebSi rom gamoeyenebinaT, SesaZlebe-lia, ar yofiliyo is gauTavebeli omi parlamentsa da aR-masrulebel xelisuflebas Soris, romelmac bevri dro daakargvina am qveynebs.

– batono eduard, droebiTi mTavrobis praqtikulad mTeli Semadgenloba wavida. guli xom ar gwydebaT am xalxze? Zalian Znel periodSi erTad giwevdaT muSaoba.

– damnaSaved vgrZnob Tavs, am xalxs rom ver Sevxvdi. bevri maTgani Rirseuli adamiania. mjera, rom isini Ta-vianT Sesaferis adgils daikaveben Cven sazogadoebaSi. warsulTa Soris arian iseTebic, visac darCenis ufle-ba ar hqonda. xalxs ase miaCnda – isini unda wasuliyvnen. parlamentis simwife da sibrZne imaSic gamoixateba, rom igi arc aq Secda.

manamde ki, rogorc giTxariT, parlamenti ministrTa kabinetis ramdenime vakantur adgilze ministrebs amt-kicebda, oTxdRiani Sesvenebis Semdeg.

dasawyisSive emociuri muxti sxdomaze deputatma baramiZem Seitana: saqarTveloSi omi da am omis Sesaxeb sxdomebis dawyebis win informacia movisminoTo.

TiTqos am winadadebas upasuxao, batonma eduard SevardnaZem deputatebs erovnuli uSiSroebisa da Tav-dacvis sabWos wuxandeli sxdomis Sesaxeb miawoda mokle informacia, miRebulia gadawyvetilebebi – zogi samxe-dro, zogi – politikuri, erTica da meorec arc Tu sa-jarod gamosatani.

omia.

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amosunTqvamde

saqme arc ise cudadaa, rogorc Cans. gacilebiT uare-sadaa.

Cvens socialur gaWirvebaze da saxelmwifosa da ojaxis biujetis erTian usaxsrobaze mogaxsenebT.

ki, – demokratiulma xelisuflebam moaxerxa da erT-naxevarjer gagvizarda muSa-mosamsaxureebs saSualo xe-lfasis msyidvelobiTi unari.

magram, ra donidan?Caxedvac ki saSiSia im ormoSi, romelSic Cagvyara da

Cagvaqcia postkomunisturi xelisuflebis „ekonomikur-ma politikam“: farTod reklamirebuli fasebis stabili-zaciis Sedegad, 1992 wlis dasawyisisaTvis, mosaxleobis msyidvelobiTi unari ise daeca, rom ruseTi ra aris, iqa-ur doneze 4-5-jer dabla aRmovCndiT, gaormagda imaTi ricxvi, vinc TiTo kilogramze nakleb xorcsa da Saqars moixmarda, isini ki, vinc 300 gram karaqs Zliv-ZlivobiT gaswvdeboda, ukve samjer metni arian wina welTan Se-darebiT.

aseT pirobebSi (sxvas yvelafers Tavi davaneboT) movida mTavrobis axali kabineti, romlis personalur Semadgenlobas ager meore kviraa, amtkicebs parlamenti.

arCeulebs ulocaven gulwrfelad. marTlac, didi pativia.

magram...magram problemebis am warRvnaSi, maTac da parlamen-

tisTvis maT warmdgenTac, upirveles yovlisa, madloba unda vuTxraT TanxmobisaTvis, daTanxmebisaTvis.

yvela ver gabedavda

murTaz zankalianma (vinc sxdomis translacias uyu-rebda, dagvemowmeba) vaWrobis ministrad wardgenisas deputatebs gaando – vyoymanobdio Tanxmobis micemas.

– ratom, batono murTaz?

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saqarTvelos respublikis vaWrobis axalma ministr-ma, romelmac amosunTqvac ver moaswro kenWis yris Sem-deg, gvipasuxa:

– axlac, ar vici, swori gavakeTe Tu ara piradad Ce-mTvis. guSin Svidis naxevarze SemomTavazes es Tanamde-boba. profesiis TvalsazrisiT ar meSinia, gamocdilebac maqvs. Cemi pozicia ase yalibdeba – jer saqarTvelo gada-varCinoT, mere mivxedoT sakuTar Tavs da ojaxs. radgan vgrZnob, rom raRacis gakeTeba mainc SemiZlia, amitom davTanxmdi. Tu ar gamomivida, damerwmuneT, arc gadad-goma gamiWirdeba.

seriozul muSaobaze Cvens dargSi maSin SeiZleba laparaki, rodesac moixsneba saomari da kriminogenuli situacia.

– SevZlebT ki saqarTvelos gadarCenas? Tqven xom adamianTa biologiuri gadarCena axseneT sxdomaze.

– Cven faqtobrivad gadarCenilebi varT. sad gadavr-CiT iciT? roca fasebis liberalizacia gamovacxadeT da bazarSi produqti ar gamoilia, maSin gadavrCiT. Cven SevZlebT, rom SimSiliT ar movklaT Tanamemamuleebi. sakmarisia, gadavwyvitoT navTobproduqtebisa da puris sakiTxi da gadarCenilebi varT. maRal fasebs ki sabazro ekonomika moawesrigebs. ufro zustad, sabazro ekono-mikisa da arsebuli ekonomikis kargi SexamebiT Cven Sev-ZlebT gadarCenas. es aris „ura-optimizmi“. amis ara mar-to imedi maqvs, aramed vxedav, am procesebs.

ese igi, mainc saqme arc ise cudad yofila, rogorc Cans, rodesac vaWrobis ministrs gadarCenis imedi aqvs.

dainteresebulma adamianebma ician, rom sagareo ekonomikur urTierTobaTa komitetis Tavmjdomaris posti, sportuli terminologia rom movixmoT, pirve-li cdiT ver iqna aTvisebuli. zustad erTi kviris Tavze parlamentis barieri warmatebiT daZlia meore kandi-datma – Teimuraz mamacaSvilma, romelic, rasakvirve-lia, umal JurnalistTa rkalSi moeqca.

– ra emocia geZalebaT am wuTSi sxvaze metad?

378

–gaorebuli grZnoba maqvs, radgan, saqme, romelic mandes, rTuli da sapasuxismgebloa. gasakeTebeli ua-mravia, amitom, didi mniSvneloba eqneba imas, Tu rogor davakompleqtebT koleqtivs, romelmac es tvirTi unda zidos.

ise, emociaze metad am wuTSi fiqri meZaleba: respub-likaSi xorblis Semotanaze pasuxismgebloba Cven dag-vakisres. parlamentSi bankidan mivedi, akreditivi iyo gasaxsneli. aqedanac isev iq mivdivar, amitom am wuTSi mTlianad am problemiT var dakavebuli.

imaze ufro mniSvnelovani, vidre moZmis dapurebaa, araferi gveguleba. baton Teimurazs bankisaken gzas vu-locavT da warmogidgenT konstantine salias, romelic es-esaa turizmis komitetis Tavmjdomared daamtkices. „samomavlod imedianad var ganwyobili“, – Tqva man.

– ras efuZneba Tqveni optimizmi?– Cveni orive xalxis – qarTvelTa da afxazTa go-

nierebas. Rrmad mwams da mjera, rom yvelaferi Tavis ri-giT wava, yvelaferi mogvardeba, goniereba gaimarjvebs da bolosdabolos vicxovrebT ise, rogorc gvekadreba.

– rogor ggoniaT, saqarTvelo momavalSi gaxdeba didi turizmis qveyana?

– jer mSvidoba unda damyardes. vidre qveyanaSi omia, Soreul perspeqtivaze ki ara, xvalindel dReze ar Sei-Zleba laparaki. ise, rasakvirvelia, yvelaferi unda vi-RonoT imisaTvis, rom gavxdeT aseTi qveyana, es saxelm-wifo biujets Zalze sasikeTod daetyoba.

parlamentis sxdomis dawvrilebiT angariSs saqin-formis Cveni kolegebi warmogidgenen gazeTis dRevan-del nomerSi.

galina­xarebaSvili,armaz­ZaliZe,

„sr“­saparlamento­korespondentebi.

ikvaleba­qarTuli­gza­demokratiisaken­/­SevardnaZe­eduard­;­[Cai-wera]­ xarebaSvili­ galina,­ ZaliZe­ armaz­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respub-lika.­–­1992.­–­2­dekemberi.­–­N246(525).­–­1,2­gv.

379

radikaluri gardaqmnebis gziT

axlad Seqmnili ministrTa kabinetis pirveli sxdomidan

rogorc viuwyebodiT 2 dekembers gaimarTa axlad Seqmnili ministrTa kabinetis pirveli sxdoma, romel-mac ganixila amJamindeli etapis saWirboroto social-ur-ekonomikuri sakiTxebi.

sxdomaze sityva warmoTqva saqarTvelos saxelmwi-fos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem.

– sakiTxebis dRevandeli ganxilva, – Tqva, kerZod, man, – adasturebs, rom Cven viTarebis gaumjobesebaze ki ar unda vilaparakoT, aramed radikalur gardaqmnebze. viTareba iseTia, rom aseTi gzebis Zieba dakavSirebulia urTules movlenebTan, urTules pirobebTan. dRes Cven praqtikulad saqme gvaqvs axal kabinetTan Tavisi Semad-genlobiT, da Tvisebrivi gansxvaveba wina kabinetisagan is aris, rom dRevandeli mTavroba, ministrTa kabineti, saxelmwifos meTauri kanonieri, xalxis arCeuli arian, da TavisTavad es Zalian bevr rames niSnavs. uwinaresad es niSnavs, rom ministrTa axali kabineti, romelsac ga-mocxadebuli aqvs xalxis arCeuli parlamentis ndoba, mi-zanswrafulad gaazrebulad, gabedulad unda moqmedeb-des, operatiulad unda wyvetdes sakiTxebs, romlebic Cvens winaSe dgas. axali kabineti, axali xelisufleba ufro metad unda iyos darwmunebuli sakuTar ZalebSi, sakuTar TavSi, mas xalxis mandati aqvs. Cven yvelaferi gavakeTeT imisaTvis, rom aviciloT is sabediswero Sec-doma, romelsac ver ascdnen yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebi, sadac gaTavebeli Widilia parlamentsa da aR-masrulebel xelisuflebas Soris. Cven garkveuli mod-eli movZebneT. is, rom kanonierebi varT, aqtiuri moq-medebis garantiaa.

pirveli, rac minda giTxraT, es aris mWidro TanamS-romloba parlamentTan, Sesabamis saparlamento komis-

380

iebTan da, raRa Tqma unda, sxvadasxva struqturebTan, maT Soris saxelmwifos meTauris aparatTan, – Tqva edu-ard SevardnaZem. albaT, umaduroba iqneboda ar gveTq-va, rom yofili kabineti vice-premierebi batoni Tengiz siguas meTaurobiT, ministrebi urTules pirobebSi, omianobis periodSi, ase Tu ise garkveul bazas qmnid-nen da amdenad Tqveni moRvaweoba cariel adgilze ar iwyeba. amas me SemTxveviT ar aRvniSnav. cud stilad da meTodad mimaCnia, rom esa Tu is xelmZRvaneli muSaki Ta-vis moRvaweobas Tavisi winamorbedis lanZRva-ginebiT da kritikiT iwyebs. amisaTvis arc dro gvaqvs da arc Cve-ni xasiaTidan momdinareobs es. Cveni niWi da unari unda movaxmaroT mTavar saqmes cocxal, SemoqmedebiT, organi-zaciul-praqtikul sakiTxebs. amasTan, sawyisi etapisaT-vis dro ara gvaqvs. dRes yvela srul samuSao formaSi unda iyos da rac SeiZleba naklebi dro daixarjos imis qeqvaSi, Tu ra Secdomebi, ra gadaxrebi iyo. umTavre-si sazrunavi iyos mTavari mimarTulebebis gansazRvra, maTi Camoyalibeba, muSaobis meTodebis formireba. mxed-velobaSi maqvs yvela Cvenganis, uwinaresad saxelmwifos meTauris instituti, ministrTa kabineti.

ZiriTadad Cveni mizani is unda iyos, rom gaviaz-roT globaluri problemebi, marTvis problemebi, da-vamuSaoT isini mecnierulad, magram gvaxsovdes erTi ram: arc erTi globaluri sakiTxi ar gadaiWreba, ragind mecnierul donezec unda iyos gansazRvruli, Tu saminis-tro ver wvdeba detalebs, Tu ministrma ar icis detale-bi. sxvagvarad globalur problemebze laparaki liton frazebad darCeba. es rTuli procesia. es misia xelqve-iTebis amocana unda gaxdes, maT unda SeZlon amis gad-awyveta, magram mxolod maSin, roca isini darwmunebu-li iqnebian, rom es maTma ministrma icis, saqmis kursSia, warmodgena aqvs am detalebze da ministrs unari Seswevs saTanado organizacia gauwios delegirebis am rTul process.

yvela Cvenganis erT-erT seriozul naklad mimaCnia realuri cxovrebisagan garkveuli mowyveta. es nakli

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drom moitana. Cemi azriT, sul cota kviraSi or dRes, ukeTesia – sam dRes ministrebi, komitetebis Tavmjdoma-reebi unda iyvnen iq, sadac adamianis bedi wydeba, war-moeba iqneba es, skola, saavadmyofo Tu Teatri. maSin is detalebic gvecodineba da globaluri problemebic. erT-erTi umTavresi amocana is aris, rom rac SeiZleba swrafad moxdes adgilobrivi struqturebis formire-bac im moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, romlebsac axali kanoni gvikarnaxebs, male mivaRwioT am qveganayofebis gamar-Tul muSaobas.

biujetze – ase mwvaved rom dgas sakiTxi, – aRniSna batonma eduard SevardnaZem, – unda mogaxsenoT, rom ve-raviTar gamosavals ver vipoviT, Tu ar iqna axleburi midgoma – unari detalebSi wvdomisa, detalebidan ki globalurisaken winsvla. Cven ar viciT, ras da ramdens vkargavT, ra resursebi gvaqvs – dawyebuli liToniT da damTavrebuli makulaturiT. dro aris aseTi, omianobaa da amisaTvis arc ki gvcalia. is faqti, rom citrusebis did mosavals ver viyenebT imisTvis, rom respublikaSi raime SemovitanoT, imaze metyvelebs, rom Cveni resurse-bi da SesaZleblobebi gaazrebuli ar gvaqvs. es ar niS-navs imas, rom SevuzRudoT damoukidebloba da avtono-mia sawarmoebsa da organizaciebs. es resursebi kargad unda vicodeT da organizaciebs davexmaroT, rom ufro meti sargeblobis koeficientiT moixmaron TavianTi dovlaTi. Tu qveyanaSi wesrigi ar iqna, araviTari biuje-ti ar imuSavebs. magaliTad, Tu ar amuSavdeba sagadasaxa-do sistema, araviTari biujeti ar Sedgeba. yvelaferi es iqneba qviSaze agebuli da marto qaRaldze darCeba. ra-dac unda dagvijdes, unda SevZloT sagadasaxado kanon-mdeblobis srulyofa da am sistemisa da kanonmdeblobis Sesruleba. saxelmwifo salaroSi rom araferi Semodis, es imis dasturia, rom saxelmwifo Tavis funqcias ver as-rulebs saxelmwifos Tavdacvis unari ver eqneba, Tu ar muSaobs misi sagadasaxado sistema. mimaCnia, rom uaxloe-si dReebis, uaxloesi kvirebisTvis Cveni saerTo amocanaa srulvyoT sagadasaxado kanonmdebloba da SevqmnaT imis

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garantiebi, rom yvela asrulebdes da emorCilebodes am sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobas.

Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem Tavis sityvaSi vrceli adgili dauTmo sabaJo samsaxuris mniSvnelo-bas, sabaJo sistemis amuSavebas, romelsac SeuZlia Semo-savlis sakmaod seriozuli wyaro gaxdes. saxelmwifos meTaurma Tqva, rom aucilebelia saavtomobilo traseb-ze wesrigis damyareba.

– es trasebic, – Tqva Semdeg man, – Semosavlis wyarod unda iqces. bevri ram unda gaakeTon sakanonmdeblo or-ganoebma, kanonSemoqmedebiTma organizaciebma, sakon-trolo sistemam.

seriozuli instituti unda gaxdes sagadasaxado inspeqcia. dRes finansTa saministros ar unda hqondes ufro seriozuli amocana, vidre is, rom sagadasaxado inspeqcias Tavisi adgili miuCinos. yvela qveyanaSi igi maRal safexurzea. es is institutia, romelic sabiuje-to Semosavlis miRebis garantiaa. es problema gadadebas ar eqvemdebareba, rac SeiZleba Cqara unda gadawydes. yve-laferi unda Camoyalibdes uaxlesi samuSao gegmis sax-iT. dRes ukve gamoikveTa, rogor mdgomareobaSia Cveni biujeti, ar var darwmunebuli, rom biujetze zrunviT iwyeba da amiT mTavrdeba yvela ministris samuSao dRe. sxvagvarad, uamisod, araviTari damoukidebloba da ar-aviTari Tavdacva ar iqneba. Tu Cven kvlavac gabedulad vivliT progresuli reformebis gziT, gveqneba stabili-zacia, gaCndeba rezervebi, miviRebT bankisagan, calkeu-li qveynebisagan. oRond TviTonac xeli unda gavanZrioT. msoflio eknomikur centrebs Cvenze mZime mdgomareobaSi myofi qveynebi gamouyvaniaT rTuli situaciidan – Cvenc aseve dagvexmarebian, Tu maT eqnebaT rwmena, rom yoveli dolari saqmiani kacis, mcodne moRvawis xelSi moxvdeba, romelmac icis misi yadri da pasuxismgeblobac aqvs im fondis winaSe. amas arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs.

Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem Tavis sityvaSi didi adgili dauTmo warmoebis sferos gamococxlebis sakiTxebs da igi upirveles amocanaTa rigSi Caayena, –

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mTeli Cveni sazogadoeba unda Semobrundes warmoebisak-en, – aRniSna man, – ekonomikisaken, exeba Tu ar exeba mas, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, pirvelklaseliT dawyebuli da pensioneriT damTavrebuli, yvelam unda ifiqros ekono-mikaze, finansebze, biujetze. mxolod maSin SeiZleba mokle droSi raRac efeqti miviRoT.

ilaparaka ra sawarmoebis axleburad muSaobis stil-sa da meTodebze, privatizaciis sakiTxebze, saxelmwifos meTaurma xazi gausva, rom wina planze sawarmoebis saqmi-anobaSi unda iyos wamoweuli komerciuli sawyisebi. esec axali drois damaxasiaTebelia. Tu saxelmwifo sawarmos SeuZlia imuSaos gamarTulad, rentabelurad, maSin misi privatizeba ar unda viCqaroT. iq sxva procesebi wava, privatizacia sxva etapze daiwyeba, Tu aseT sawarmoebs surT SeinarCunon arsebuli ekonomikuri, finansuri in-stitutebi, saxelmwifo biujetis interesebi wina planze unda daayenon. saxelmwifo seqtorma unda ifiqros bi-znesze – saxelmwifo da kerZo biznesze. saxelmwifo biz-nesi SeiZleba iseve saintereso iyos sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi, rogorc kerZo. es sulac ar niSnavs imas, rom reformebisadmi erTgvari skeptikuri damokidebuleba CamovayaliboT. saWiroa davZlioT namdvili radikalu-ri reformebisadmi primitiuli, provincialuri damok-idebuleba, vimoqmedoT gabedulad da swrafad, radgan Cvens gankargulebaSi Zalian cota droa.

Tavis sityvaSi batonma eduard SevardnaZem pirveli rigis amocanad dasaxa sasursaTo programis SemuSaveba. – es problemebi Cven gvaRelvebs da gvawuxebs, – Tqva man. unda SevZloT Cveni saSualebebis gaTvla da imis gaan-gariSeba, Tu realurad risi Semotana SegviZlia. pirvel rigSi imaT unda davuWiroT mxari, visac risime Semota-nis saSualeba da amis niWi da unari aqvs. privatizaciis drosac maT unda mivceT upiratesoba. es kanonad unda iqces da maSin SeiZleba gamosavali gamovZebnoT.

Semdeg saxelmwifos meTaurma ilaparaka ekonomikis saministros rolsa da daniSnulebaze, romelmac garda imisa, rom unda gaaanalizos arsebuli situacia, unda

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mogvawodos garkveuli mosazrebebi, dagvisaxos krizisi-dan Tavis daRwevis realuri gzebi.

Seexo ra energetikuli uzrunvelyofis programas, saxelmwifos meTaurma wamoayena rigi praqtikuli wina-dadebebi, romelTa realizacia saSuria energetikaSi, – aRniSna man, – unda iyos moklevadiani programa, rac am zamTrisa da adre gazafxulisaTvis aris saWiro, da ufro grZelvadiani, perspeqtiuli gegmebi.

Tavis sityvaSi man ufro farTo adgili dauTmo miwis privatizaciis sakiTxebs, romlebic sakmaod swrafi tem-piT ganxorcielda. batonma eduard SevardnaZem aRniSna, rom qalaqebis yvela mcxovrebs, visac aqvs survili fexi daadgas miwas, daamuSaos igi, unda mivceT miwis raRac raodenoba, yovelmxriv wavaxalisoT es moZraoba – moZ-raoba soflisaken. Tuki vinmes moundeba, Tuki vinmes Seu-Zlia Toxi daiWiros xelSi, imuSaos miwis nakveTze, saku-Tar ojaxs SeaSvelos xeli, maT mxari unda davuWiroT. amaze unda ifiqroT soflis meurneobis saministrom, raionebis gamgeblebma, saxelmwifos meTaurma dadebiTi Sefaseba misca am mxriv kaxeTSi gadadgmul nabijebs.

aseTi rTuli cxovrebis pirobebSi mxedvelobidan ar unda gamogvrCes Cveni sazogadoebis socialurad yvelaze daucveli nawili – pensionerebi, studentebi, bavSvebi, aRniSna Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem. – Sesabamisi saministroebi am xalxis interesebis sadara-joze unda dadgnen da agrZnobinon maT, rom mTavrobas ara aqvs ufro didi da mTavari sazrunavi, vidre am ada-mianebze zrunva. ar unda gavurbodeT mwvave sakiTxebs. me sindisi mqejnis, roca vxedav, ra xdeba puris rigeb-Si. unda mivideT iq, sadac puris rigebia, avuxsnaT da gavagebinoT mizezebi, bodiSi mainc movuxadoT maT. Tu ase ar moviqceviT, axali mTavroba Zalian male daZvel-deba da amas ki iciT rac mohyveba. unda vifiqroT iseT uzarmazar rezervze, inteleqtualur simdidreze, ro-goricaa Cveni mecniereba. ra devs maT laboratoriebSi, rac SeiZleba xval-zeg, erTi wlis Semdeg saqmeSi CavdoT, amaze naTeli warmodgena ar gvaqvs. gansakuTrebiT minda

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gamovkveTo mecnierebaTa akademiis da mecnierebisa da teqnikis komitetis roli. batonma eduard SevardnaZem maRali Sefaseba misca bioqimiis institutis mecnieru-li kvlevis Sedegebs, sadac bevri sasikeTo da sasargeb-lo saqme keTdeba. man agreTve moiyvana rusTavis azotis qarxnis magaliTi, romelic evropuli standartebis do-neze momuSave sawarmoa.

saxelmwifos meTauri Seexo Cveni yofis erT-erT um-wvaves problemas – ltolvilTa problemas, da aRniS-na, rom ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis komitetebma, yve-la saministrom garkveuli Zvrebi unda moaxdinon maTi problemis mogvarebis saqmeSi.

batoni eduard SevardnaZe SeCerda agreTve saqarT-veloSi saelCoebisaTvis Sesaferisi Senobebis gadace-mis sakiTxze da gamoTqva rwmena, rom saministroebi da komitetebi gagebiT moekidebian am prestiJul problemas da Seuqmnian saelCoebs muSaobis saTanado pirobebs.

saxelmwifos meTaurma ilaparaka umTavres prob-lemaze – saministroebisa da uwyebebis, ra Tqma unda, mTavrobisa da saxelmwifos meTauris aparatis muSao-bis samxedro reJimze gadayvanaze. es reJimi niSnavs, rom yvela unda muSaobdes ise, rogorc Seefereba saomar viTarebas. saqarTveloSi namdvili omia, aRniSna man. – Cven yvelaferi gavakeTeT imisaTvis, rom omi ar yofili-yo. afxazeTSi saomrad ar SevsulvarT. Cven igi Tavs mogvaxvies. yvelaferi gavakeTeT imisTvisac, rom omi Sewyvetiliyo da konfliqti mSvidobianad mogvarebu-liyo. es ki imisaTvis, gamoiyenes, rom gagra wagvarTves. iyo kidev impulsebi imisa, rom dagvewyo molaparakeba, magram sofel koCaraSi amowyvites aTobiT qarTveli, gadawves saxlebi. pirdapiri damiznebiT cecxli gauxsnes soxumis bazars. daiRupnen da daiWrnen adamianebi. es mox-da mas Semdeg, rac batoni arZinba dabrunda moskovidan. visTan aqvs konkretulad mas saqme, Tqven kargad iciT. iq arsebobs frTa, romelic iseve ebrZvis elcins, rogorc Cven, iseve ebrZvis ruseTis demokratias, rogorc qar-Tul demokratias.

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pirveli jgufi SeiaraRebuli moxaliseebisa Tbili-sidan ukve gaemgzavra. wava sxva jgufebic, Tu omia, omi unda iyos. roca Seigneben, rom omi ar SeiZleba, maSin davjdebiT mosalaparakeblad. mTeli Cveni saqmianoba Tavdacvis interesebze unda iyos gaangariSebuli. Cven axla gviWirs, Tanxebi ara gvaqvs, iaraRi gvaklia. unda mivmarToT mTel Cvens mosaxleobas, im biznesmenebs, vinc fexi moidga, rom daexmaron am gaWirvebis Jams Cvens qvey-anas riTac SeuZliaT. Tu Tavdacvaa – Tavdacva unda iyos, am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT. xalxma unda icodes, vin riT dagvexmareba, ra Semoitana, raSi daixarjeba TiToeu-li kapiki. Tu ase mivudgebiT problemas, garwmunebT, oms male davamTavrebT da maSin yvela sakiTxs mivxedavT. xan-grZlivad verc Cven viomebT da verc afxazebi.

es uazro omia. ise unda vqnaT, rogorc namdvili qa-rTvelebisa da afxazebis interesebi moiTxovs. es unda icodes yvelam. unda Seignon imaTac, vinc iq dgas, rom isini mTeli saqarTvelos yuradRebis centrSi arian da Tu ase vimoqmedebT, mokle droSi SegveZleba am krizisi-dan gamovideT da daviwyoT normaluri cxovreba. maSin ucxoeTis biznesic imuSavebs, kreditebsac miviRebT da cxovreba gaadvildeba.

batonma eduard SevardnaZem ilaparaka ruseTTan xe-lSekrulebis mzadebis Taobaze da aRniSna, rom am saqme-Si yvela saministrom da komitetma unda miiRos monaw-ileoba.

dasasrul batonma eduard SevardnaZem axlad Se-qmnil ministrTa kabinets miuloca is ndoba, romelic gamoucxada mas Cvenma xalxma, parlamentma, da gamoTqva rwmena, rom ministrTa kabineti imuSavebs kolegialu-rad da yvelafers gaakeTebs imisTvis, rom xalxis imedi gaamarTlos.

radikaluri­gardaqmnebis­gziT­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­re-spublika.­–­1992.­–­4­dekemberi.­–­N248(527).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: afxazeTis avtonomia unda iyos namdvili, realuri, xolo misi

xelisufleba – Tavisufali gziT arCeuli

7 dekembris radiointerviu

yvelaferi unda viRonoT imisaTvis, rom Rirseulad davamTavroT omi afxazeTSi. am daskvnamde misvla Ce-mTvis Zalian Zneli iyo, radgan yovelTvis kompromisis da Serigebis mkveTrad gamoxatul poziciaze videqi da vdgavar. magram axla, ZaliT Tavsmoxveul am omSi, Cveni analiziT, amis yvela Sansi amowurulia. unda gavake-ToT is, razec saqarTveloSi amJamad yvela ojaxi, yve-la moqalaqe ocnebobs da bolo movuRoT aseT viTarebas umoklesi gziT, Tundac igi ekliani iyos. sxva gamosava-li ar aris, – ganacxada saqarTvelos parlamentis Tav-mjdomarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem Tavis tradiciul radiointerviuSi komentator nato onianTan saubrisas. – amitom, – ganagrZo man, – saqarT-velom TviTon unda gadawyvitos skuTari bedi, unda da-icvas Tavisi damoukidebloba da teritoriuli mTlia-noba da visac rogor SeuZlia, yvelam Tavisi wvlili unda Seitanos am saqmeSi. vimeoreb, aseTi gadawyvetile-ba sakuTar TavTan WidilSi miRebuli gadawyvetilebaa da ar aris arc Cemi rwmena da arc gulisTqma. axla is-eTi droa, SemTxeviToba unda gamovricxoT, radgan igi Zalian Zviri dagvijda. afxazeTSi mimdinare operaciebs amJamad profesionalebi warmarTaven. maT SeswevT unari, yvelaferi sworad gaiazron da ise akeTon saqme. gvaqvs sakmarisi resursebic imisaTvis, rom rac SeiZleba male moxdes Canafiqris realizacia. cxadia, raime TariRze ar vlaparakob, arc afxazTa ganadgurebas vgulisxmob, rogorc amas gvabraleben eqstremistebi. me mxedveloba-Si maqvs procesebi, romlebic afxazeTSi daiwyo da Rr-mavdeba. iq, mogexsenebaT, Seiqmna mTavroba baton Tamaz nadareiSvilis meTaurobiT, romelic Seudga aqtiur saqmianobas. ukve moqmedebs xsnis komiteti, romelsac

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saTaveSi Caudga kargi mamuliSvili batoni lorik mar-Sania. igi marto ar aris da mas gverdSi daudgnen sxva afxazebic, maT Zalisxmevas mxars uWeren sxva erovnebaTa adamianebic. ase rom, daiwyo procesi, romelsac Sede-gad, Cveni azriT, aq normaluri viTarebis damkvidreba unda mohyves.

movlenebis aseTi ganviTarebis dros, kerZod, xval ra iqneba, amis Tqma Znelia, – ganagrZo eduard Sevard-naZem – magram saerTod, mimaCnia, rom yvelaferi unda dam-Tavrdes Rirseulad da, vimeoreb, es vinmes ganadgurebas ki ar aRniSnavs, aramed iseTi momentis dadgomas, roca SesaZloa, kvlav gamoCndes Sansi, romlis arsebobazec zemoT vlaparakobdi.

Seexo ra afxazeTis momavlis sakiTxs, saxelmwifo meTaurma gamoricxa am mxriv, raime problemebis, arse-boba. 1992 wlis 3 seqtembris SeTanxmebaSi, romelsac moskovSi movawereT xeli, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – aris Zalian kargi ideebi, romlebic demokratiis gan-viTarebas da Tavisufali arCevnebis Catarebas exeba. me vfiqrob, afxazeTSi unda SevinarCunoT avtonomia da es avtonomia unda iyos ara formaluri, aramed namdvili, realuri, oRond misi xelisufleba Tavisufali gziT unda iqnes arCeuli. Cemi azriT, qarTvelebsa da afxazebs Soris es iqneba bolo konfliqti.

Cven kvlav gvikiJineben imis gamo, Tu ratom SevediT afxazeTSi. Cans, zogierTi WeSmariteba aTasjer unda gavimeoro, rom gasagebi gaxdes. Cven afxazeTSi saomrad ar wavsulvarT. es ganzraxva rom gvqonoda, sxvanairad viqnebodiT momzadebuli da sam dReSi yvelaferi damT-vardeboda. aqedan gamomdinare, vimeoreb, ar SevsulvarT omisaTvis. magram rac Seexeba Cvens dRevandel samxedro potencials, igi sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom aq Seqmnil problemebs gavarTvaT Tavi. Cven sakmao samrewvelo da samecniero potencialic gagvaCnia, rom momavalsac ime-dis TvaliT vuyurebdeT. Cveni mecniereba iseT proeqtebs gvTavazobs, romlebic saerTaSoriso standartebs Sees-abameba.

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upasuxa ra, radiokomentatoris kiTxvas axlaxan azerbaijanSi gakeTebuli erTi gancxadebis Sesaxeb, saxelmwifos meTaurma ganmarta, rom, roca saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg arsebul SeTqmulebaze laparakobda, ar hyo-lia mxedvelobaSi azerbaijanis xelmZRvaneloba. me min-da, radiomsmenelebs vuTxra, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – rom ukanasknel xans, bevri sasikeTo nabiji gadaidga me-zobel azerbaijanTan urTierTobis gasafarToeblad. es Cveni megobari xalxia da momavalSic maTTan urTierTo-baSi am princips vuerTgulebT. axlaxan, saxalxo fron-tis yrilobaze gamosvlisas, azerbaijanis prezidentma batonma elCibeim xazi gausva saqarTvelosTan keTil-mezobluri urTierTobis aucileblobas, magram am yrilobaze iyo kritikuli gamosvlebic Cvens mimarT. vfiqrob, am gamosvlebs hqonda safuZveli. CvenTan mox-da azerbaijaneli mosaxleobis Seviwroebis calkeuli faqtebi, romlebsac Cven win aRvudeqiT da momavalSic ar davuSvebT. magram CvenTan momxdarma amgvarma calkeulma faqtebma, Tu saingiloSi momxdarma zogierTma ambebma vfiqrob, ar unda gaafuWos Cveni urTierToba da verc gaafuWebs.

Seexo ra ruseTis saxalxo deputatTa yrilobis mimdinareobas, saxelmwifos meTaurma, kerZod Tqva: vfiqrob, Cvens mier adre gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi ruse-Tis yrilobasTan dakavSirebiT, gamarTlda. me vambobdi, – aRniSna eduard SevardnaZem, – rom prezident elcins gauWirdeboda, magram mas qonda imis mizezebi da Ses-aZleblobebi, rom Zalaufleba ara Tu SeenarCunebina, aramed, ganemtkicebina kidec, oRond, amisaTvis msxver-plis gaReba mouwevs-meTqi. es msxverpli man gaiRo kidec da axla, Cans, misi poziciebi SenarCunebuli da myaria. vimeoreb, CvenTvis es ar yofila moulodneli. me vTqvi da vimeoreb, rom prezidenti elcini dRes ruseTSi namd-vilad aris demokratiis interesebis gamomxatveli, rac, cxadia, CvenTvis axlobeli pozicia gaxlavT.

Semdeg saubari Seexo qveyanaSi wesrigis damyare-bis RonisZiebebs. amasTan dakavSirebiT, saxelmwifos

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meTaurma aRniSna, rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministros spec-daniSnulebis danayofi Seudga am mxriv muSaobas. wesri-gi dedaqalaqSic damyardeba da respublikis trasebzec, maT Soris rkinigzazec.

is, rac axla sabaJoebSi xdeba (sxvaTaSoris unda vTq-vaT, rom sabaJoebi arc arseboben), es Cveni saxelmwifos sisustis maCvenebelia, – Tqva saxelmwifos meTaurma. arada, yvela normaluri qveyana amiT iwyebs arsebobas. am adgilebSi gamefebulia saocari uwesrigoba da saba-Jo samsaxuri kidec rom amoqmeddes, wesrigi mainc ver iqneba, Tu trasebze ar damyarda. amitom, es erTmaneTze gadajaWvuli procesebia. sabaJos uwyebis xelmZRvane-lad axla parlamentis wevri batoni qadagiSvili dain-iSna da, vimedovnebT, rom wesrigi gveqneba.

qveyanaSi mimdinare movlenebi, bunebrivia, parlamen-tis muSaobaze axdens gavlenas, magram parlaments jer-jerobiT yofnis imis windaxedulebac da sibrZnec, rom swori gadawyvetilebebi miiRos, – Tqva saxelmwifos meTaurma. Semdeg igi Seexo saparlamento fraqciebis Se-qmnis faqts da es movlena Seafasa, rogorc normaluri. fraqciebis Seqmnis faqti normaluri movlenaa. parla-mentSi aris dabali politikuri kulturis gamovlenis SemTxvevebi, magram es ar unda gvikvirdes, radgan, ase-Ti ram yvela qveyanaSi SeiZleba moxdes, winaaRmdego-brivi movlenebi yvelgan SeiZleba warmoiqmnas. magram es ar aris mTavari. raki amoqmeddnen Cveni saparlamento komisiebi, ukve arsebobs fraqciebi, muSaobs aparati, – mjera, yvelaferi dalagdeba, – dasZina dasasrul edu-ard SevardnaZem.

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­afxazeTis­avtonomia­unda­iyos­namdvili,­re-aluri,­xolo­misi­xelisufleba­–­Tavisufali­gziT­arCeuli­/­Se-vardnaZe­e.­;­saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­8­dekemberi.­–­N250(529).­–­1­gv.­

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gamocxaddes saxalxo moZraoba Tavdacvis fondis Sesaqmnelad!

saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomaris – saxelmwifos meTauris

mimarTva

saqarTvelos mosaxleobas, saqarTvelos farglebs gareT mcxovreb yvela Tanamemamules, respublikis

sawarmoebsa da dawesebulebebs, komerciul struqturebs, biznesmenebs

Znelbedoba saqarTvelos istoriuli xvedri, misi Si-naarsia. saqarTvelo georgia – miwaTmoqmedTa qveyanaa, igi arasodes yofila agresori. agresiis msxverpli da obieqti ki mravalgzis. dResac swored aseTi mZime dRe daudga Cvens qveyanas. amjerad is saSineleba, romelsac omi hqvia, sakuTari miwa-wylis erTianobisaTvis brZola, Cveni xvedria, Cvena varT am omis momswreni da TviTmxil-velni. am Znelbedobis Jams saqarTvelos TiToeuli moqa-laqis wmidaTa-wminda valia mTeli Tavisi niWi, unari da Zalisxmeva moaxmaros samSoblos erTianobisaTvis brZo-las. miT umetes, rom samSoblos uWirs, uWirs politiku-rad, ekonomikurad, fsiqologiurad. omi mxolod qudze kaci araa, arc samSoblos samsxverploze mitanili Cveni biWebis wminda sisxli. oms uzarmazari ekonomikuri re-sursebi sWirdeba, uzarmazari finansuri baza, romelic ase aklia Canasaxovan mdgomareobaSi myof Cvens saxelmwi-fos, mis armias.

yovelive zemoTanqvamidan gamomdinare, rogorc saxelmwifos meTauri, mivmarTav sruliad saqarTvelos da saqarTvelos farglebs gareT mcxovreb yvela Taname-mamules, gamocxaddes saxalxo moZraoba Tavdacvis fon-dis Sesaqmnelad. erovnul bankSi ukve gaixsna Tavdacvis fondis angariSi, sadac Cairicxeba mTeli is finansuri resursebi, romelTac am maRali miznisTvis gaiReben

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warmoeba-dawesebulebebi Tu kerZo pirebi, komerciuli struqturebi Tu saqarTvelosa da mis farglebs gareT moqmedi biznesmenebi, yvela, visTvisac Zvirfasia saqa-rTvelos momavali. mxolod am gziT SevZlebT mTeli Cveni ekonomikuri potencialis samSoblos dacvis in-teresebisaTvis maqsimalur amuSavebas. Tavdacvis fon-di organizacias gauwevs agreTve mosaxleobidan Tbili tansacmlisa Tu im sxva saWiro nivTebis Segrovebas, rom-lebic esoden aucilebelia dRes Cveni mebrZolebisa Tu ltolvilTaTvis.

vfiqrob, es nabiji, es Zalisxmeva erovnuli, patrio-tuli valis moxdis tolfasia. saqarTvelos yvela moqa-laqis, Cveni qveynis yvela megobrisaTvis.

Tavdacvis fondis saqmianoba saparlamento kon-trols daeqvemdebareba. zedmiwevniT zustad aRinusxeba Setanili saxsrebi Tu Sewirulobani, is, Tu konkretu-lad ras moxmardeba es yvelaferi. amis Sesaxeb sistemat-urad iqneba informirebuli farTo sazogadoebrioba.

fondis SeqmnaSi monawile qalaqebis, raionebis, war-moeba-dawesebulebebis siebi, im moqalaqeTa gvarebi, romlebic amas moisurveben, gamoqveyndeba presaSi.

dRes saqarTvelos uWirs da uWirs ara marto brZo-lis velze. es gaWirveba ki TiToeuli Cvenganis gaWir-vebaa. movuxmoT Cveni winaprebis suls, maT mware gamoc-dilebas da im saSualebebiT, rac gvaqvs, im ZaliT, rac gagvaCnia, davdgeT Cveni qveynis interesebis sadarajoze.

eduard­SevardnaZe.

redaqciisagan:­ Tavdacvis­fondis­ angariSia:­ 000700409­ –­ saqarT-velos­respublikis­bankis­saoperacio­sammarTvelo,­mfo­–­521006.

gamocxaddes­ saxalxo­ moZraoba­ Tavdacvis­ fondis­ Sesaqmnelad!­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­dekemberi.­–­N252(531).­–­1­gv.

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dialogi : saqarTvelo – italia

11 dekembers italieli Jurnalistebis TxovniT gaimarTa satelefono dialogi saqarTvelos parla-mentis Tavmjdomares – saxelmwifos meTaurs edu-ard SevrdnaZesa da cnobil italiel saxelmwifo moRvawe julio andreotis Soris, romelic pirdapi-ri eTeriT gadasca italiis radiom.

batoni julio andreoti miesalma baton eduard SevardnaZes da gamoTqva sixaruli, rom mieca saSuale-ba erToblivad azris gamoTqmisa msoflioSi mimdinare procesebis Sesaxeb.

SevardnaZe: – viziareb Tqvens azrs. mec mimaCnia, rom mogveca SesaniSnavi SesaZlebloba azris gaziarebisa. romeli problemiT daviwyoT?

andreoti: – Cemi azriT, pirvel rigSi, saWiroa Sevqm-naT politikuri dialogis klimati mTel msoflioSi, visaubroT mSvidobianad, gamovricxoT iaraRi, germani-is gaerTianebam ukve Seqmna mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis SesaZlebloba. mivesalmebi im faqts, rom evropis uSiS-roebis sabWom gadawyvita daxmarebis xeli gauwodos yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebs, pirvel rigSi mcire erebs. am qveynebSi arsebuli ekonomikuri Tu sxva problemebis daZleva da am saqmeSi maTdami daxmare-ba isev mSvidobis ganmtkicebis garantia iqneba. Tqveni azri?

SevardnaZe: – geTanxmebiT, mTel msoflioSi axla marTlac SesaniSnavi klimatia Seqmnili politikuri dialogisaTvis, pirvel rigSi, am gziT unda gadawydes yvela problema bolo dros moxda istoriuli Zvrebi, daZleulia winaaRmdegoba dasavleTsa da aRmosavleT qveynebs Soris, rac gamowveuli iyo politikisadmi klasobrivi midgomiT da misi ideologiizaciiT, ber-linis kedeli simbolurad yofda dasavleTsa da aRmo-savleTs rkinis fardiT. dRes sul sxva pirobebia. Segvi-

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Zlia vilaparakoT axal msoflio struqturebze. amaSi, Tqveni, batono andreoti, wvlili udaod didia.

Cven jer kidev ver gavacnobiereT, Tu ra moxda sabWo-Ta kavSirSi. daiSala es uazrmazari warmonaqmni da mis adgilas miviReT 15 damoukidebeli saxelmwifo. Tu msoflio ar gaiziarebs am movlenis mniSvnelobas, man SeiZleba uaryofiTi saxe miiRos. ruseTSi axla marTlac saxifaTo procesebi mimdinareobs. demokratiis gamar-jvebis SemTxvevaSi msoflio Tavisuflad amoisunTqavs, xolo Tu reaqciuli Zalebi gaimarjveben, amas civi omi mohyveba, romelic SeiZleba cxelSic gadaizardos.

andreoti: – geTanxmebiT, es marTlac saSiSi proce-sia, romelic yvelas gvaSfoTebs, radgan sabWoTa kav-SirSi birTvuli iaraRi jer arsebobs. saWiroa demokra-tiuli gziT negatiuri Zalebis gawonasworeba. pirvel rigSi, vTvli, rom saWiroa ganiaraReba.

SevardnaZe: – unda giTxraT, rom ganiaraRebis pro-cesis SeCereba damRupveli iqneba mTeli planetisaTvis. Tu yofil sabWoTa kavSirSi demokratiuli procesebi Seferxda, saqme totalitaruli sistemebis Seqmnisaken wava, rac SeiaraRebis axal talRas gulisxmobs. gania-raRebis procesis SeCereba mxolod demokratiuli Za-lebis damarcxebas SeuZlia.

andreoti: – iseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba, rom litvaSi arCevnebis Semdeg kvlav movida saTaveSi Zveli sistema. gorbaCovma londonSi Svideulis Sexvedraze Tqva, rom igi sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebs nel-nela miscemda Tavisuflebas, razec dasavleTi ar Tanxmdeboda, magram aRmoCnda, rom es qveynebi ar iyvnen mzad TavisuflebisaT-vis, gasagebia, rom komunisturma gzam Tavisi kvali yvel-gan datova. magram litvis magaliTma mainc gagvaoca.

SevardnaZe: – litvaSi mimdinare cvlilebebi kanon-zomieria. aqac iyo gulubryvilo damokidebuleba da-moukideblobisa da demokratiisadmi. iqac daaxloebiT iseTive procesi moxda, rogorc saqarTveloSi. xalxi daiRala populisturi dapirebebiT. da moiTxovs real-isturi politikis gatarebas. me vicnob litvis dRevan-

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del meTaurs brazauskass, romelic jer kidev uZraobis periodSi icavda demokratiul principebs da litvis damoukideblobisaTvis ibrZoda. misTvis mTavaria, ar Seilaxos pirovnebis Tavisufleba, adamianis uflebebi, ramac SeiZleba gadamwyveti roli Seasrula mis ukan dab-runebaSi. garda amisa, xalxs profesionalebi sWirdeba, vinc realurad SesZlebs damoukideblobis SenarCunebas. CvenTanac demokratiis droSiT populizmi da avtokra-tia damkvidrda, magram adamianebi swrafad gaerkvnen Se-qmnil mdgomareobaSi da saqarTvelo dadga im moRvawe-Ta mxareze, romlebmac, miuxedavad Tavisi warsulisa, demokratiis principebi aRiares umTavres orientirad. es ori movlena garkveulad erTmaneTs enaTesaveba.

andreoti: – ra axal azrs SemogvTavazebT?SevardnaZe: – vfiqrob, dRevandel msoflioSi ver

gaicnobieres safrTxe, romelic emuqreba mSvidobas eqs-tremistuli separatizmis saxiT. misi ganviTareba da gavrceleba katastrofa iqneba msofliosaTvis. vfiqrob, rom is konfliqtebi, romlebic dRes msoflios awuxebs, imitomac viTardeba, rom msofliom es safrTxe jer kidev realurad ver Seafasa. gaero da uSiSroebis evropuli struqturebi ver aRmoCndnen im simaRleze, rom am kon-fliqtebis mowesrigebaSi ufro aqtiuri roli Seasru-lon, arada, saWiroa am konfliqtebis lokalizacia da saboloo jamSi mowesrigeba. unda moxdes uSiSroebis sabWoSi da evropul struqturebSi damkvidrebuli zed-metad akademiuri stilis gadaxedva am konfliqtebisad-mi damokidebulebaSi. Sida konfliqtebi ki amasobaSi SeiZleba regionul uTanxmoebad iqces da ufro farTo masStabis konfliqtebSi gadaizardos. Cemi azriT, uSiS-roebis sabWom da evropis struqturebma ufro mraval-ricxovani sajariso formirebebi unda Seqmnan, raTa dagvexmaron konfliqtebis lokalizebaSi.

andreoti: – marTalia, arsebobs iseTi kritikuli mdgomareobac, romlis gadawyveta SeuZlebelia Zalis gareSe, mas Semdeg, rac yvela mSvidobiani gza amoiwure-ba. nato mudam mSvidobis misias asrulebda, magram bolo

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dros iugoslaviaSi mSvidobiani gziT rom aRaraferi gamovida, iZulebuli gaxda samxedro Zalebi Seeyvana. ma-gram TqvenTan saubridan iseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba, rom Tqven mainc politikuri dialogis momxre xarT.

SevardnaZe: – marTali brZandebiT, Cven dialogis Zalisa gvjera da ara Zalis politikisa. me mivesalmebi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis axal kurss natos rolis Sesaxeb, magram, roca konfliqti gardauvalia, natom SeiZleba ufro gadamWreli zomebic miiRos. magaliTad, saqarTveloSi mimdinare konfliqtSi Suamavlis roli ruseTs daekisra, rasac eWviT uyureben saqarTveloSi. aq rom evropis mSvidobiani SeiaraRebuli Zalebi moq-medebdnen, afxazeTis omi ukve damTavrebuli iqneboda. saWiroa ufro gabeduli moqmedeba, magram, ra Tqma unda, dialogs mainc udides mniSvnelobas vaniWebT.

andreoti: – natos xelmZRvanelobasTan Sexvedrisas saubari iyo imaze, rom unda Seqmniliyo axali institu-ti. natos mTavari mizania mSvidobis SenarCuneba. da, al-baT, amitomac aris saWiro misi ufro aqtiurad gamoyene-ba. male hamburgSi Sedgeba dasavleT evropis qveynebis Sexvedra, sadac dRis wesrigSi iqneba sakiTxi Tu rogor gadaiWras aRmosavleT evropaSi arsebuli problemebi.

SevardnaZe: – roca laparakia natos axal rolze, aqtiurad unda CaerTon yofili sabWoTa kavSiris is qveynebi, romlebic evropis kontinentze aris. me, pira-dad siamovnebiT miviRebdi monawileobas kamaTSi natos axali rolis Sesaxeb.

andreoti: – axalgazrdebi interesiT adevneben Tvals ganaxlebis procesebs?

SevardnaZe: – Cven saintereso axalgazrdoba gvyavs, romelsac mowinave poziciebi ekava demokratiisaTvis brZolaSi. mTavaria, rom isini gulgrili ar arian dRe-vandelobisadmi, ufro metic, isini gzebs eZeben, rogor gamoiyvanon qveyana krizisidan da gansazRvron sakuTari roli momavlis SenebaSi. bednieri var, rom aseTi Sesani-Snavi axalgazrdoba gvyavs.

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andreoti: – sanam ssrk-aSS Soris mdgomareoba daZ-abuli iyo, orive mxare cdilobda daxmareboda afrikis qveynebs, orive mxare Tavis maqsimums akeTebda politiku-ri dividendebis misaRebad. axla ki maT aravin exmareba. Tu Cven yvela erTad ar visaubrebT mSvidobaze, mTeli msoflio ar gaerTiandeba, Sedegs ver mivaRwevT. Tqven ras fiqrobT afrikis qveynebis problemaze?

SevardnaZe: – dasavleTsa da aRmosavleTs Soris mtrobis daZleva ar niSnavs, rom winaaRmdegobebi mTli-anad daZleulia, manam, sanam arsebobs:

1. eqstremistuli separatizmi. 2. ruseTSi total-itaruli reJimis reanimaciis safrTxe, 3. realuri wi-naaRmdegoba CrdiloeTsa da samxreTs Soris, anu wi-naaRmdegoba siRaribesa da simdidres Soris. es Zalze seriozuli sakiTxia, romelic Tu droze ar gadaiWra, dauZleveli da globaluri gaxdeba. iqneb saqarTvelom da italiam erToblivad gamoiCinon iniciativa da da-viwyoT didi dialogi CrdiloeTsa da samxreTs Soris, mxedvelobaSi maqvs afrikac. am winaaRmdegobis daZlevis gzebis mosaZebnad.

andreoti: – SesaniSnavi ideaa. albaT italiis mTav-robac dagveTanxmeba da iqneb am Temaze axlo momavalSi seminaric mogvewyo. Tqveni guSindeli gamosvla parla-mentSi Zalze SemaSfoTebeli iyo. Tqven TqviT, rom ru-suli jaris nawilebma saqarTvelos teritoriis nawili daikava. es Seesabameba sinamdviles Tu JurnalisTa fan-taziis nayofia?

SevardnaZe: – ruseTis jari samSvidobo misiiT Semov-ida afxazeTSi. samwuxarod, zogierTi nawili uxeSad ereva Cvens saqmeebSi. guSin am jaris TviTmfrinavebma mS-vidobiani mosaxleoba dabombes, daiRupa 11 kaci, me mainc vfiqrob, rom memarjvene generlebma isargebles ruse-Tis rTuli mdgomareobiT, imiT, rom prezidenti elcini dakavebulia sxva problemebiT.

andreoti: – samwuxarod, magram Tqveni saubris ton-ma, iseTi STabeWdileba datoves, TiTqos es civi omis da-sawyisia.

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SevardnaZe – diax, amis saSiSroeba marTlac arse-bobs. me guSin parlamentSi gavakeTe Cemi gancxadeba da gamovxate Cemi damokidebuleba ruseTSi mimdinare pro-cesebisadmi. vfiqrob, swori iyo rom elcinma referen-dumis sakiTxi daayena. Zneli saTqmelia, ra moxdeba 24 ianvramde, magram darwmunebuli var, Tu referendums dRes Caatarebdnen, elcini miiRebda mxardaWeras. es ki demokratiuli Zalebis Zlierebaze miuTiTebs. unda vTq-va, rom CemTvis ar iyo moulodneli guSindeli faqti, elementaruli analizic ki amaze miuTiTebda.

andreoti: – madlobas mogaxsenebT. Cven parlamenta-rebisagan SevqmniT jgufs im problemebis Sesaswavlad, rac Tqven daayeneT. saqarTvelos ekonomika ra mdgo-mareobaSia?

SevardnaZe: – Zalian mZime, SimSilis zRvarze varT. saqarTvelos ekonomika sabWoTa kavSiris danamati iyo. misi daSlis Semdeg martoni aRmovCndiT da Zalze gagvi-Wirda. madlobas vuxdiT italielebs, Tqvens mTavrobas, piradad Tqven mxardaWerisaTvis, saqarTveloSi gamog-zavnili humanitaruli daxmarebisaTvis. me mjera, rom Cvens qveynebs Soris ormxrivi urTierToba damyardeba. didi madloba.

dialogi­:­saqarTvelo­–­italia­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­dekemberi.­–­N253(532).­–­1,2­gv

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Cven gulgrili ver viqnebiT imis mimarT, rac ruseTSi xdeba

eduard SevardnaZis gancxadeba ruseTis movlenebis gamo

unda mogaxsenoT, rom CemTvis piradad, rac dRes xde-ba ruseTis saxalxo deputatTa yrilobaze, arc moulod-neli yofila da arc gasakviri. gancxadeba „wiTel-mixakis-ferTa“ mxriv realuri safrTxis Sesaxeb me araerTxel gamikeTebia. erT-erT Cems interviuSi, romelic gazeT „niu-iork taimss“ miveci, vTqvi, rom mas msoflio sazo-gadoebriobis mxardaWera sWirdeba. niu-iorkidan dab-runebis Semdeg moskovSi Sevxvdi ruseTis prezidents da is, cota ar iyos, nawyeni damxvda. man ganacxada, rom Cemi SiSi gadaWarbebulia. rogorc xedavT, es ase ar aris. Cemi azriT, ruseTis demokratiuli monapovrebi seri-ozuli kiTxvis qveS dadga. bunebrivia, es SeSfoTebas iwvevs da ara marto saqarTveloSi. Tqven, albaT, SeniS-navdiT yrilobis darbazSi Cveni e. w. „megobrebis“ e. w. fizionomiebs, romelTa gancxadebebi eqstremistTa da separatistTa mxardasaWerad araerTxel mogismeniaT. da ara marto gancxadebazea laparaki, aramed moqmedebeb-zec. mxedvelobaSi maqvs moqmedeba demokratiuli, Tavis-ufali, erTiani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg. referendumis idea, romelic prezidentma wamoayena, Cemis azriT, karga xnis nafiqria. me mgonia, prezidentma, elcinma gadadga is nabiji, rac unda gadaedga. swored ruseTis moqalaqeebma unda gadawyviton reformebis, demokratiis bedi da, sab-oloo jamSi, am saxelmwifos bedi. SeiZleba vinmem Tqvas, rom es gancxadeba cota naCqarevia. me ar gamovricxav, rom yrilobaze raRac kompromisis Zieba daiwyon, magram Cveni damokidebulebis gamoxatva imis mimarT, rac dRes xdeba, saxvaliod ar unda gadagvedo, radgan SeiZleba amas garkveuli mniSvneloba hqondes msoflio sazoga-doebrivi azris CamoyalibebaSi.

es pirveli, rac mindoda meTqva.

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saqarTvelos xelisuflebas araerTxel ganucxadebia, rom igi sisxlxorceulad aris dainteresebuli ruseT-Si demokratiul monapovarTa damkvidrebiTa da ganvi-TarebiT. Cveni valia erTxel kidev davadasturoT es Cveni sisxlxorceuli daintereseba demokratiis gamar-jvebaSi. ZalaSi rCeba Cveni araerTgzis gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, rom me piradad vendobi ruseTis prezidents da aqedan gamomdinarea im xelSekrulebaTa xelmoweris faqtic, romelic arcTu ise sadavo iyo Cveni sazogadoe-bisaTvis. isic minda vTqva, rom Cven uxilavi Tu xiluli ZafebiT seriozulad varT dakavSirebuli ruseTTan da amitomac ar SeiZleba gulgrili viyoT iq mimdinare pro-cesebisadmi.

mesame. me mgoni, msoflio sazogadoebrioba ar unda darCes gulgrili im yvelafrisadmi, rac ruseTSi xde-ba. gulgriloba SeiZleba Zvirad daujdes msoflios, Zalian Zvirad. msoflios sazogadoebrivi azris Camoy-alibeba demokratul gardaqmnaTa da am gardaqmnaTa li-derebis mimarT mxardaWeris TvalsazrisiT metad mniS-vnelovania. me mgonia, am seriozuli gamocdis dReebSi msoflios yvela politikurma Zalam unda gansazRvros Tavisi pozicia da gamoTqvas kidec. ra Tqma unda, es su-lac ar niSnavs ruseTis saSinao saqmeebSi Carevas. ruseT-Si demokratiul monapovrebze uaris Tqma, Cemis Rrma rwmeniT, axali „civi omis“ dawyebas niSnavs. es yvelaze ufro rbili Sedegia, rac SesaZlebelic aris da mosal-odnelic. rogori iqneba sxva Sedegebi, me mgoni, yvelas SeuZlia warmoidginos.

da meoTxe. ruseTTan dawyebuli molaparakeba, rom-lis meore raundic mimdinareobs axla da amiT es proce-si ar damTavrdeba, unda gagrZeldes. erTaderTi, rasac saqarTvelo moiTxovs, is aris, rom Sewydes ruseTis rea-qciuli Zalebis Careva saqarTvelos Sinaur saqmeebSi. me ar minda axla davazusto, Tu ras niSnavs es da rasTan aris dakavSirebuli, magram vfiqrob, rom sakiTxis ase dayeneba savsebiT kanonzomieri da samarTliania, obieq-turia. kidev vimeoreb, rom saqarTvelo, ra Tqma unda,

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ver iqneba gulgrili yvelafrisadmi, rac ruseTSi xdeba da, Cemis azriT, dReisaTvis ase SeiZleboda mas, saqarT-velos, mis xelisuflebas Tavisi azri Camoeyalibebina amis Taobaze.

Cven­gulgrili­ver­viqnebiT­imis­mimarT,­rac­ruseTSi­xdeba­//­saqa-rTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­dekemberi.­–­N253(532).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: afxazi separatistebi namdvilad iyvnen SeTqmuli mixakisfer

moZraobasTan da maTi aliansi eWvs aRar iwvevs

14 dekembris radiointerviu

– dRes marTlac aris imis safuZveli, rom afxazeTis omze vilaparakoT, Tumca mis mizezebsa da Sedegebze sau-bari jer naadrevia. oTxi Tve Sesrulda dRes, rac es Tav-smoxveuli omi mimdinareobs. am omisTvis separatistebi da eqstremistebi karga xans emzadebodnen da maT Tavi-anTi mxardamWerebic hyavdaT. yovelive amas ukve aexada farda, yvelaferi gamomzeurda, ganacxada saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma edu-ard SevardnaZem radiokomentator nato onianTan sau-barSi, roca ganvlili kviris, movlenebi gaaanaliza. – samwuxarod, omi afxazeTSi grZeldeba, magram Cven yovel Rones vxmarobT, da kvlavac vixmarT imisaTvis, rom igi Rirseulad davamTavroT ise, rogorc es erTiani saqarT-velos interesebs sWirdeba. minda gavamxnevo afxazi eqs-tremistebis mier dakavebul teritoriaze myofi adami-anebi da piroba mivce, rom maT upatronod ar davtovebT da amis imedi unda hqondeT. igive minda vuTxra Cvens me-brZolebs, mosaxleobas, romelmac xelSi iaraRi aiRo da ibrZvis, yvelas, visTvisac Zvirfasia samSoblos bedi da misTvis sicocxles swiravs.

Cven axlaxan movuwodeT yvelas, rom saWiroa Sevqm-naT erovnuli Tavdacvis fondi da misi daniSnuleba er-Tiani armiis SeqmnasTan iqneba dakavSirebuli. amjamad ara gvyavs armia, amitom, yvelafers Tavidan rom viwyebT, TviT am sawyis procesSi unda davamyaroT idealuri wes-rigi. cxadia, upirvelesad es exeba materialur-teqnikur da finansur mxares. axla am sferoSi yvelaferi stiqi-urad mimdinareobs, visac rogor moesurveba, ise miaqvs teqnika da avtomanqanebi sawarmoebidan, itaceben kerZo avtomobilebs – gaiZarcva Cveni mrewveloba, gaiZarcva xalxi. amitom, miviReT gadawyvetileba, rom omis saW-

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iroebis mizeziT Cadenili aseTi qmedeba unda Sewydes am-ieridan. Tuki saWiro iqneba, es unda moxdes mxolod mas Semdeg, roca miRebuli iqneba Tavdacvis sabWos da mTav-robis gankarguleba. erovnuli Tavdacvis fondi imisaT-vis aris aucilebeli, rom SeviZinoT saWiro iaraRi, xel-fasebi mivceT armiis nawilebs, dadga dro mebrZolebTan gaformdes Sesabamisi kontraqtebi, jariskacebma dadon fici da yvelaferi es ise gakeTdes, rogorc saWiroa. ar gamovricxav, rom gvyavdes daqiravebuli special-istebic, xalxi, romelic dagvexmareba da CvenTan erTad ibrZolebs; saxsrebi saWiroa afxazeTis omSi daRupul-Ta da dazaralebulTa ojaxebis dasaxmareblad da, ra Tqma unda, cota saxsrebi rodi dasWirdeba samxedro kadrebis momzadebas. cxadia, yvelafers, rac zemoT Cam-ovTvale, Cveni biujeti ver gaswvdeba da ver gauZlebs. swored aman gamabedina is Txovna, romliTac fondis Ses-aqmnelad Cvens xalxs mivmarTe, Tumca, vici misi udidesi siduxWirec da gaWirvebac. maxarebs, rom aseT pirobebSi myofma xalxma fondis Sesaqmnelad mainc gamoTqva namd-vili mzadyofna. moZraoba ukve daiwyo. guSin rusTavSi gaimarTa RonisZieba, romlis drosac 15 milioni maneTi Segrovda. asea TbilisSic, sxvaganac, es imedismomcemi faqtebia. mogexsenebaT, mTeli es Tanxebi Sedis fondSi, romlis angariSic erovnul bankSia gaxsnili. es imitom vqeniT, rom yoveli maneTi daniSnulebisamebr iyos gam-oyenebuli. me vTxove baton Wabua amirejibs, da igi Caud-ga am fonds saTaveSi. fondis gadanawilebis meqanizmic Camoyalibdeba da am ganwyobilebisadmi saparlamento zedamxedvelobac dawesdeba. ar gamovricxav, rom didma Tanxebma moiyaros Tavi, amitom SeiZleba Seiqmnas bankic, romelic dagvexmareba CamovayaliboT kargad gawvrT-nili profesiuli armia. Cven rom amisTvis zrunva adre dagvewyo, afxazeTis omi karga xnis damTavrebuli iqne-boda da amden msxverplsac ar gaviRebdiT.

Semdeg saxelmwifos meTauri Seexo wesrigs rkinig-zaze da Tqva, rom es sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani sakiTxi gadasawyveti. am ramdenime dRis winaT, Tbilis-soxumis

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sarkinigzo mimosvla aRvadgineT, es faqti sasixarulo iyo yvelasaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki soxumidan ltolvi-li mosaxleobisaTvis. xalxma SvebiT amoisunTqa, Tavisi naTesavebisa da axloblebis naxvis imedi mieca. magram teroristebma kvlav Seaferxes es saqme – aafeTqes xidi mdinare engurze. wuxel senakSic ganmeorda igive. ai, amas Svrebian saqarTvelos mtrebi, sxva Sefaseba SeuZle-belia. iZulebuli viqnebi, Tavdacvis sabWos winaSe da-vayeno sakiTxi da gamovce gankarguleba an brZaneba, rom amis Camdeni banditebi adgilze iqnen ganadgurebuli. viciT, es cudi brZanebaa, magram es faqtebi mimaCnia xalx-is mtrebis mier Cadenil qmedebad. da, rogorc mTavar-sardals maqvs ufleba, gamovce aseTi brZaneba.

Tqven gaxsovT, – Tqva Semdeg saxelmwifos meTaurma, – rom winaT Cven ukve gvqonda SemoRebuli sagangebo wesebi rkinigzaze. magram, samwuxarod, mas araviTari samarTle-brivi baza ar gaaCnda. axla amasac gavakeTebT. Seiqmneba satransporto policiis erTiani sistemac, romelSic Seva rkinigzis gasamxedroebuli dacva da mas avtomatu-ri iaraRic eqneba da mZime teqnikac. swored am policias miecema is brZaneba, zemoT rom mogaxsenebdiT. banditebs, samSoblos am mtrebs, surT welSi gawyviton Cveni qveya-na. Cven es unda gaviazroT. amitom gaerTainebul satrans-porto policiaze did imeds vamyarebT. mis mTavarsard-lad dainiSna gia gulua, igi Sinagan saqmeTa ministris moadgilec aris da rkinigzis departamentis ufrosis moadgilec iqneba tvirTzidvis usafrTxoebis dargSi. imedi maqvs, male rkinigzaze wesrigs davamyarebT.

Seexo ra ruseTSi Seqmnil situacias, saxelmwifos meTaurma aRniSna: ruseTSi mdgomareobis gamwvavebis zo-gierTi mizezis Taobaze am bolo xans, araerTi mosazreba gamovTqvi, kerZod, sazRvargareTis presaSic. Tu am gam-wvavebis mizezebs ruseTSi vinme ver xedavda, Zalian saw-yenia. Cemi azriT, destabilizacia SeiZleba yvelasTvis mZimed damTavrdes. kompromisi, romelic iq moxda da ro-melmac Seqmnili mdgomareobidan gamosvlisa da viTare-bis stabilizaciis swori gza dagvanaxa, prezidentis

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mier referendumis gamocxadebasTan aris dakavSirebu-li da Cemi azriT, simptomaturia yrilobis deputatTa wamyvani nawilis realistur poziciebze dadgomac. ma-gram isic unda gvaxsovdes, rom iq arian Zalebi, romelic afxaz separatistebs uWeren mxars, aris ruseTis gener-aliteti, romelic maT exmarebaT. yovelive amaSi kargad unda gaverkveT.

radiokomentatoris SekiTxvaze, Tu ra azrisaa prezidentyofilis evropis qveynebSi yofnis Sesaxeb, saxelmwifos meTaurma Tqva, rom evropaSi da sxvaganac bevr prezidentyofils umogzauria da gamsaxurdiac ar aris gamonaklisi. magram axla es aris sakmaod cnobili teroristis voiaJi, radgan ukve garkveulia yvelaferi, rom im rasobrivi teroristuli aqtebis organizator-ic TviTon iyo, Tumca, piradad ar monawileobda maTSi da ar isroda. evropam es unda gaigos. vici, rom iq mainc-damainc ar uyvarT teroristebi.

Semdeg eduard SevardnaZe Seexo gazeT „denSi“ gamo-qveynebul zurab aCbas werils, romelSic afxazeTi ruse-Tad aris gamocxadebuli da saTauric aseTi aqvs da Tqva: aseTi mosazreba axali ar aris. afxazebi epatiJebodnen rus generlebsa da oficrebs madlian qarTul miwaze, raTa aq dasaxlebuliyvnen da ebrZolaT qarTvelebis winaaRmdeg. aCbas publikacia erTxel kidev adasturebs im faqts, rom afxazi separatistebi namdvilad iyvnen SeTqmuli am mixakisfer moZraobasTan da maTi aliansi eWvs aRar iwvevs. amasTan dakavSirebiT, minda afxazebs vuTxra: droa gamoerkvnen, dainaxon da gaiazron, visTan aqvT saqme. axla soxumSi erTi afxazi moqalaqe mexuTe sarTulidan gadmoxta, Tavi moikla. werilSi, romelic datova, naTqvamia, sicocxles iswrafebs separatistTa moqmedebis winaaRmdeg protestis niSnad. umZimesi pro-testia. magram mwams, rom ase didxans ver gagrZeldeba, afxazebi TandaTan gamoerkvevian da mixvdebian, vin aris maTi mteri da vin – moyvare.

saxelmwifos meTaurma radiointervius dros didi yuradReba dauTmo respublikis dedaqalaqSi wesrigis

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damyarebis problemebs da Tqva, rom pirveli nabijebi am mxriv gadaidga, Tumca raime Sedegebze laparaki jer naadrevia. magram am mimarTulebiT muSaoba gagrZeldeba qalaqis aqtivTan yovelkvireul Sexvedrebze da moTx-ovnac kvlav seriozuli da Zalian mkacri iqneba, vidre sayovelTao wesrigi ar damyardeba. wesrigis damyareba dedaqalaqiT unda daviwyoT. Tu dedaqalaqSi iqneba wes-rigi, sxvaganac iqneba. amitom mivmarTav Tbiliselebs, rom Cven unda vuCvenoT saqarTvelos amis magaliTi. wesrigs ekonomikis gajansaRebac mosdevs. amis pirveli niSnebic aris. Cveni ekonomika TandaTan gamodis stag-naciis periodidan. saministroebi Seudgnen muSaobas, amoqmeddnen sawarmoebi. es didi imedia. axlaxans sain-tereso Sexvedra gvqonda mSeneblebTan, yvela mondome-bulia, rom SevinarCunoT Cveni samSeneblo potenciali, misi kadrebi, radgan mwams, mova dro, da mZlavri samSen-eblo organizaciebi kvlav dagvWirdeba, isini ar unda veZeboT sazRvargareT.

Semdeg saubari Seexo civi omis safrTxes, romlis sa-SiSroebaze saxelmwifos meTauris erT-erT gamosvlaSi iyo laparaki. civi omis safrTxe ruseTSi arsebul ara-stabilur viTarebas davukavSire, – ganmarta man, – ma-gram, Tu eqstremistul separatizms bolo ar moeRo da igi gavrcelda, maSin civi omi ki ara, SeiZleba cxeli omic daiwyos. sxvaTa Soris, telefoniT saubrisas am Cems mosazrebas daeTanxma batoni andreoti, romlis azrsac did angariSs vuwev. Semdeg eduard SevardnaZe Seexo ba-ton jon SalikaSvilis ZmasTan oTar SalikaSvilTan Sex-vedras da Tqva, rom igi saqarTveloSi Camovida rogorc Tavisi winaprebis STamomavali. igi Zalian saintereso pirovnebaa da miaCnia, rom saqarTvelo misTvis iseTive samSobloa, rogorc amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi.

– amas winaT kinematografistebTan Sexvedrisas Tqven gadatrialebaze laparakobdiT, magram imiT Semoifar-gleT, rom aRniSneT, Tu vinme gadatrialebaze fiqrobs, sakuTar sawolSi gadatrialdeso. magram gadatrialeba marto quCaSi tankebis gamosvlas ar niSnavs. xom ar aris

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mosalodneli, moxdes dapirispireba Tundac parlament-sa da mis Tavmjdomares Soris, Tqvensa da im parlaments Soris, romelsac miaCnia, rom igi ufunqciod darCa, radgan xelisuflebis uzurpacia Tqven moaxdineT? – hkiTxa radiokomentatorma.

– sxvaTa Soris, im frazidan erTi adgili gamotoves, – dasZina eduard SevardnaZem, – me vTqvi, rom, Tu vinmes gadatrialeba unda, gadatrialdes Tavis loginSi da romel gverdzec dawveba, imis mixedviT gansazRvros, Tu visTan sZinavs. es ambavi cota imitom ki ar gavaSarJe, rom maxvilsityvaobaze mqonda raime pretenzia, ara, me imas vgulisxmobdi, rom amJamad sruliad upasuxismgeblo adamianebs SeuZliaT laparaki raRac gadatrialebeb-sa da xelisuflebis sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebze. unda giTxraT, rom is Sexvedra kinematografistebTan Zalian saintereso iyo, rom sruliad ar imsaxurebda im geslian gamoTqmebs, zogierTi gazeTidan rom gaisma. TavisTavad is faqti, rom omianobis dros kinematografiis muSakebi xvdebian saxelmwifos meTaurs da, avia Tu kargi, saubari raRac doneze mainc mimdinareobs, TavisTavad ukve unda iyos misasalmebeli. amitom gamaoca, vimeoreb, zogierT gazeTSi gamoTqmulma RvarZlianma Sefasebam. me ar mlanZ-Ravdnen, magram im xalx uyenebdnen pretenzias, vinc iq sityviT gamovida. unda giTxraT, es sakmaod seriozuli gamosvlebi iyo. Cven omis mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT da aseTi pretenzia Sexvedrebs ar unda wavuyenoT, radgan isini SeiZleba mxolod simboluri iyos da maTac unda mi-vesalmoT. magram im RvarZlisagan, romelic CvenSia Cagu-bebuli, nu miwyens zogierTi Jurnalisti, unda gavTavi-sufldeT. es qveyanas sWirdeba da yvelam unda SevZloT aRviWurvoT axali pasuxismgeblobiT da ise SevxedoT omianobis xanas, romelic dRes Cvens qveyanas daudga da masSi cxovreba uxdeba.

rac Seexeba sxva formis gadatrialebas, Tu xelisu-flebis sxva formiT Secvlas, amis Taobaze me parlamen-tSi ukve vTqvi, rom Tu gamoCndeba iseTi adamiani, rome-lic SeZlebs saqmis ukeT gaZRolas, parlaments SeuZlia

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sakiTxi gadawyvitos. es Cveulebrivi movlenaa. sakiTxi idga imis Sesaxeb, rom parlamentis Tavmjdomaris ga-dayeneba unda gadawyvitos saxalxo referendumma, da es savsebiT kanonzomieria, radgan parlamentis Tavmj-domare xalxis mier aris arCeuli. me amis winaaRmdeg ga-movedi da vTqvi, rom Tu parlamenti moiTxovs, mec unda davemorCilo parlamentis nebas-meTqi. aseTi gziT yve-laferi SeiZleba moxdes. Tumca me aravis ar movuwodeb amisaTvis. mTavaria is, rom amaze ar unda iyos saubari. axla imaze unda vfiqrobdeT, Tu rogor gamovideT am omidan, rogor gaverTiandeT, rogor daviwyoT nor-maluri cxovreba, rogor vaSenoT qveyana da cota mainc rogor davexmaroT gaWirvebul adamianebs. axla qveynis gadarCenaze unda iyos laparaki, da ara raRac janyze, raRac gadatrialebaze.

me mgoni, sakmarisia, rac moxda, rac ganicada qarT-velma xalxma. droa, yvelaferi damTavrdes da daiwyos mSvidobiani cxovreba.

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ afxazi­ separatistebi­ namdvilad­ iyvnen­SeTqmuli­ mixakisfer­ moZraobasTan­ da­ maTi­ aliansi­ eWvs­ aRar­iwvevs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­dekem-beri.­–­N254(533).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: arcerTi nabiji ar unda gadaidgas Cveni erovnuli interesebis

sawinaaR mdegod

parlamentis 15 dekembris sxdomaze daisva sakiTxi moe-sminaT saxelmwifos meTauris informacia imis Taobaze, Tu ramdenad sworia is cnoba, romelic wina dRiT gaavrceles ruseTis radiotelekompaniam da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebma. laparakia imaze, TiTqos xelmowerili iyos xelSekruleba, romlis Tanaxmadac afxazeTidan unda gavidnen qarTuli sajariso SenaerTebi.

gTavazobT baton eduard SevardnaZis gamosvlas am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

dRes omia saqarTveloSi da amis Sexseneba albaT aR-aravis sWirdeba. vfiqrob, sainformacio saSualebebi da televizia gvaZlevs informacias, romelic ase Tu ise, re-alurad asaxavs sinamdviles. vici, bevri kiTxva daibada imis gamo, rom guSin ruseTisa da Cvenma televiziamac ga-dasca cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos miRweulia SeTanxme-ba qarTvelTa da afxazur mxareTa Soris Sexvedris dros. Tumca am diliT, me mgoni, wuxelac, iyo Tavdacvis saminis-tros reagireba, ganmarteba – ra iyo swori da ra ara. sanam praqtikul sakiTxebze gadavidode, erT principul sakiTx-ze SevCerdebi.

dRes, rodesac umZimesi mdgomareobaa Seqmnili, rode-sac yoveldRe matulobs msxverpli, vfiqrob, deputatebma eWvis qveS ar unda daayenon molaparakebis procesis gagr-Zelebis sakiTxi, misi Sewyveta ar SeiZleba, radgan mravalmx-riv aucilebeli da saWiroa. molaparakebebi aucilebelia, Tundac imitom, rom arian tyveebi, arian brZolaSi daRu-pulebi. kvlav mravali sakiTxia dRis wesrigSi, romlebzec mxolod molaparakebis Sedegad Tu mivaRwevT SeTanxmebas. aseTi Sexvedrebi aucilebelia. afxazeTi mainc erTiani or-ganizmia da SimSilis Tavidan asacileblad, sxva sakiTxebis mosagvareblad, SeTanxmebaa saWiro. yovelTvis ara, magram

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raRacis mogvareba mainc xerxdeba xolme. am bolo dReeb-Si, ara Cveni iniciativiT, faqtiurad daisva dRis wesrig-Si sakiTxi molaparakebis Sesaxeb: ra pirobebSi SeiZleba Sewydes cecxli da a.S. Tavdacvis sabWom imsjela da miiRo gadawyvetileba Sexvedris Sesaxeb, romelic Sedga gudau-TaSi. masSi samxedroebTan erTad monawileobdnen irakli baTiaSvili da avTandil ioseliani. miRweuli SeTanxmebiT cecxli sami dRiT Sewyda. Semdeg, meored daisva sakiTxi. am SemTxvevaSi, iniciativiT gamovidnen yofili amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis, amjerad ruseTis samxedro formirebebis xelmZRvanelebi. afxazTa mxare kvlav ayenebs sakiTxs mxare-Ta Sexvedris Sesaxeb, magram radgan pirvelma SeTanxmebam mxolod 3 dRiani SeTanxmebis saSualeba mogvca, amjerad, vifiqreT, rom momavali Sexvedra mxolod samxedroebis do-neze moewyos.

aseTi Sexvedrebi aqamdec gvqonda praqtikaSi, rac garkveuli miRwevebiT Tavdeboda. konfliqtis pirveli dRidanve Sexvedrebi hqondaT gia yaryaraSvils da sx-vebs. aseTi Sexvedra Sedga, masSi monawileobda avTandil cqitiSvili da ori warmomadgeneli saeqsperto jgufidan. afxazurma mxarem wamoayena Tavisi moTxovnebi, romelTac Tvlis sabazisod, da miaCnia, rom maT safuZvelze, SeiZle-ba kompromisis miRweva. qarTulma mxarem uaryo es, radgan centralur sakiTxad moTxovnaSi qarTuli jaris gamoyvana dgas. es sakiTxi jer kidev moskovis Sexvedraze daayenes. sa-magierod, amboben, rom ucxoel jariskacebs gaiyvanen afx-azeTidan da maT ruseTis jarebi Secvlian. es, ra Tqma unda, uaryofili iqna da SeTanxmeba mxolod cecxlis SewyvetiT, isic ramdenime dRiT Semoifargla. guSin 5-6 saaTis ganmav-lobaSi, Tavdacvis sabWom imuSava, moismina informacia. daveTanxmeT winadadebas cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb, magram ZiriTad sakiTxebSi Cveni pozicia ar Secvlila.

Cven migvaCnda da dResac migvaCnia, rom qarTuli jaris iq yofnis sakiTxi yvelaze principulia da poziciis Secvla gamoricxulia.

amitom, am molaparakebisaTvis Cven gansakuTrebuli mniS vneloba ar migviniWebia, ruseTis sainformacio sa-

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Sualebebisagan gansxvavebiT, es erTi, rigiTi molaparakeba iyo. mimaCnia, rom Sexvedrebi momavalSic unda gagrZeldes, unda ifiqroT, xvalindel dRezec.

SeiZleboda aseTi kursis aRebac: araviTari molapar-akeba-Sexvedrebi. omi omia da viomoT bolomde. me vfiqrob, rom saRi azris principebidan gamomdinare, saerTaSoriso praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT, es sakiTxi erT-erTi centra-luria. Sexvedraze, romelzec evrogaerTianebis TiTqmis yvela qveyanaa warmodenili, konfliqtis sakiTxi uaxloes xanebSi kvlav daismeva uSiSroebis sabWoSi, ganixilaven CvenTan specialurad Camosuli delegaciis muSaobis Sede-gebs. aseT viTarebaSi, dauSvebelia, rom saqarTvelom uari Tqvas molaparakebis procesze. Tumca es imas ar niSnavs, rom erovnuli interesebis sawinaaRmdego nabiji gadaidgas.

mdgomareoba garkveulad gaarTula cnobam imis Sesaxeb, rom Camoagdes Sveulmfrens. winaswari monacemebiT, saqarT-velos sajariso formirebebs am saqmesTan saerTo araferi aqvT. es im zonaSia, sadac saqarTvelos poziciebi ar aris. Tan Cveni teqnikuri saSualebebiT aseT manZilze Cveni mxare ver daazianebda Sveulmfrens.

Tumca, es rom momxdariyo, vTqvaT Camogvegdo, danaSau-li ar iqneboda, radgan miRweuli SeTanxmebiT, tyvarCelis mosaxleobisaTvis humanuri tvirTiT savse Sveulmfrene-bi jer soxumSi unda daSvebuliyvnen, sadac Seamowmebdnen tvirTs. radgan, am SemTxvevaSi afxazurma mxarem daarRvia SeTanxmeba, Cven gvqonda imis ufleba, rom gamogveyenebina Zala.

ruseTis informaciis saSualebebma ramdenjerme Secva-les am informaciis gadmocemis forma, nel-nela arbilebd-nen. unda giTxraT isic, rom Sveulmfrens acilebda su-25 markis ruseTis TviTmfrinavi. esec kanonis darRvevaa. ruseTis mxare uceremoniod arRvevs saqarTvelos xelisu-flebis mier dadgenil sahaero kodeqss. am TviTmfrinavebis TareSi Cveni qalaqebis Tavze barbarosuli aqciaa, qarTuli mxris winaaRmdeg. es gansakuTrebiT iTqmis oCamCires dabom-bvaze, sadac praqtikulad ar iyo saomari operaciebi. am aq-cias mSvidobiani mosaxleoba Seewira, 11 kaci. vimeoreb, hu-

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manuri daxmareba tyvarCelSi mxolod soxumis gavliT unda gaigzavnos.

axla erTi usiamovno procesis Sesaxeb. is nawilebi, romlebic gadaiRalnen (meomrebs janmrTeloba SeeryaT), gamodian konfliqtis zonidan. maT adgils sxvebi ikaveben. es procesi konfliqtis damTavrebamde ar unda Sewydes. erT-erTi samxedro monapovari is iyo, rom soxum-Tbiliss Soris sarkinigzo mimosvla gaixsna, ramac gagviadvila muSaoba. axla xidi isev aafeTqes. adre Tavs vikavebdi msgav-si gamoTqmebisagan, axla ki vacxadeb – saqme gvaqvs saqarT-velos mtrebTan. es im regionis mosaxleobis namoqmedari ar aris, es gamoricxulia. isini banditebi ar arian. es aris erTi jgufi – saqarTvelos mtrebi. isini adgilzeve ganad-gurdnen, yovelgvari ultimatumebis gareSe. am afeTqebam kvlav Segviqmna sirTuleebi jaris momaragebis sakiTxSi.

axla emociebTan dakavSirebiT.iqneb, parlamentma yoveldRe imuSaos da Cveni urT-

ierToba, – Tavdacvis sabWos mTavarsardali myavs mxedv-elobaSi, sxva principebze unda iyos agebuli. Tavdacvis sabWos mimarT araviTari eWvis sababi ar arsebobs. parla-mentis samxedro komisiis Tavmjdomare nodar naTaZe Cven SeviyvaneT Tavdacvis sabWoSi. es uprecedento SemTxvevaa. es imisTvis gavakeTeT, rom iq yofiliyo adamiani, romelic parlamentarTa im nawilis ganwyobilebas gadmogvcemda, romelsac ama Tu im gadawyvetilebis mimarT SeniSvna gauCn-deba. aseTi saSualeba arsebobs CvenTan.

Tavdacvis sabWom ufro aqtiurad SeiZleba imuSaos afxazuri sakiTxebis komisiasTan. guli mwydeba, rom baton ivliane xaindravas mxari ar dauWireT. marTalia, me da mas gansxvavebuli azrebi da poziciebi gvaqvs, magram mas pativs vcem, rogorc iseT pirovnebas, romelsac SeuZlia daicvas sakuTari mosazreba rTul situaciaSic. vfiqrob, Tu is komisiis xelmZRvaneli iqneboda, Tavdacvis sabWosTan urT-ierTobac ufro sxvagvari iqneboda. Tavdacvis sabWos ar SeuZlia, yvelaferze daufaravad ilaparakos parlamentSi, radgan sxdomebi pirdapir gadaicema. ufro mwvave sakiTx-ebis ganxilvisas, daxuruli sxdomebi unda Catardes. es imas

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ar niSnavs, rom mosaxleobas ar vendobiT. unda gaviTvalis-winoT, rom Cvens naTqvams keTilmosurneebTan erTad mowi-naaRmdegenic ismenen.

guSin Tavdacvis sabWom ramdenime mniSvnelovani gad-awyvetileba miiRo. maT Sorisaa erTiani jarebis Seqmna da amasTan dakavSirebul problemaTa mTeli kompleqsi. Cven yoveldRe Tu ara, dRegamoSvebiT mainc vikribebiT. da Tu yvelaferi ise ar keTdeba, rogorc sasurvelia, amas obieq-turi mizezebi gaaCnia. saWiroa, resursebi, maT Zebnas Wir-deba dro, romelic ar gagvaCnia. kmayofili viqnebi, Tu afx-azeTis komisiis sakiTxs droulad da ise gadavwyvetdiT, rogorc iyo SemoTavazebuli.

kidev erTi, Zalze rTuli sakiTxia gadasawyveti – ruseT-saqarTvelos molaparakebis sakiTxi.

ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministris gancxadebam, rome-lic man guSin gaakeTa helsinkSi, Zalze gaurkvevel mdgo-mareobaSi Camayena. batonma CikvaiZem dareka da Tqva, rom saSineleba xdebao, rom faqtobrivad „buntia“ ara marto yofil sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebis, aramed evropuli qveynebis warmomadgenlebSi, Tumca, guSin saRamosve gakeT-da meore gancxadebac.

meore, ruseTis parlamentma gamoaqveyna ucnauri gancxa-deba, imis Sesaxeb, rom igi mouwodebs yofili sabWoTa ka-vSiris respublikebs, ganixilon sakiTxi konfederaciaSi Sesvlis Sesaxeb, federaciaSi Sesvlis Sesaxeb. esec gauge-baria. amitom, neba momeciT, xvalamde vifiqro, CaiSalos Tu ara ruseT-saqarTvelos molaparakeba, an SeiZleba SeCerdes manam, sanam gaverkveviT ras niSnavs kozirevis urTierTga-momTiSveli gancxadebebi, an ruseTis parlamentis pozicia. amitom, neba momeciT, vifiqro, Tu ra gancxadeba unda gaake-Tos am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos parlamentma.

eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ arcerTi­ nabiji­ ar­ unda­ gadaidgas­ Cveni­erovnuli­interesebis­sawinaaRmdegod­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­16­dekemberi.­–­N255(534).­–­1­gv.

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damnaSaveTa winaaRmdeg brZola dRiTidRe gamZafrda

Sexvedra qalaqis xelmZRvanelebTan

mafiozuri klanebi sabazro ekonomikis ganviTarebis saSiSi mtrebi arian. amitom dauZinebel brZolas vucxa-debT maT – ganacxada 14 dekembers qalaq Tbilisis xelmZ-RvanelobasTan tradiciad damkvidrebuli Sexvedris dros saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem – saxelm-wifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem.

qalaqis prokuroris mixeil qurdaZis informaciis Tanaxmad mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi TbilisSi Cadenili xuTi aTasi danaSaulidan winaswar gamoZiebuli da sa-samarTlomde mitanilia mxolod cxraasi saqme. danaSau-lis gauxsnelobis mizeziT SeCerebulia 3200 saqmis ga-moZieba. aRniSnuli raodenobis danaSaulTa gamoZiebaze mxolod ocdacameti gamomZiebeli muSaobda.

pirdapir katastrofulia, rom mimdinare wlis gan-mavlobaSi TbilisSi damnaSaveTa xeliT daiRupa TiTqmis imdenive axalgazrda, ramdenic afxazeTis omSi.

baton qurdaZis TqmiT, danaSaulTa gaxsnis erT-er-Ti Semaferxebeli faqtori is aris, rom sazogadoe-brivi azri xSirad damnaSaveTa samyaros mxareze ixreba. daucvelia ara marto moqalaqe, aramed samarTaldamcavi organos muSakic.

Tu struqturulad ar Seicvala samarTaldamcavi organoebi, mdgomareobis gamosworeba SeuZlebeli iqne-ba.

qalaqis policiis sammarTvelos ufrosis daviT zeikiZis azriT, reketis ganviTarebam aseT etaps miaRwia, rom masTan brZola did problemebTan aris dakavSirebu-li. samwuxaroa, aRniSna man, rom xSirad danaSauls Sei-araRebuli formirebebis wevrebi da gvardielis yalbi wignakiT gaTamamebuli axalgazrdebi sCadian. sasamarT-los ufrosis TqmiT, damnaSaveTa ganTavisuflebis mizniT sxvadasxva instanciidan xSirad rekaven, rac mas

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afiqrebinebs, rom policiis organos zogierT TanamS-romels kavSiri aqvs damnaSaveTa samyarosTan.

misive monacemebiT, bolo erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi dakavebulia ramdenime SeniRbul damnaSaveTa jgufi. Ca-denil danaSaulTa 75 procenti ukve gaxsnilia.

Sexvedraze kmayofilebiTa da imediT aRiniSna, rom rkinigzis magistralebis dacvis mizniT Seiqmna satrans-porto policia rkinigzis gasamxedroebuli dacvisa da satransporto policiis bazaze.

saxelmwifos meTauris brZanebiT transportis policiis muSakebs damnaSaveTa mxridan winaaRmdegobis gawevis SemTxvevaSi ufleba eZlevaT SemTxvevis adgilze gaanadguron borotmoqmedni.

qalaqis xelmZRvanelebTan Sexvedris dros saubari Tbilisis marTvis axal struqturebsac Seexo.

Sexvedris Sedegebi Seajama eduard SevardnaZem.

damnaSaveTa­winaaRmdeg­brZola­dRiTidRe­gamZafrda­/­e.­Sevard-naZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­dekemberi.­–­N256(535).­–­2­gv.

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mis aRmatebulebas baton v. s. Cernomirdins ruseTis federaciis ministrTa sabWos

Tavmjdomares

pativcemulo viqtor stefanes Zev!suliTa da guliT gilocavT ruseTis federaciis

ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomaris postis dakavebas da did warmatebebs gisurvebT am uaRresad Znel da pasux-sagen asparezze.

es molocva imdenadve gulwrfelia, ramdenadac di-dia survili vaSenoT axali srulfasovani urTierToba saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris megobrobisa da TanamS-romlobis mravalsaukunovani tradiciebis Sesabamisad, Cveni qveynebisa da xalxebis keTildReobisaTvis.

neba miboZeT mogaxsenoT, rom prezident b. elcinis arCevani umZimesi krizisis rTul pirobebSi is arCeva-nia, romelsac miesalmebian saqarTveloSic, sadac Tqven axsovxarT da gafaseben, rogorc SesaniSnav xelmZR-vanels, did specialistsa da keTil gulisxmier adamians.

vimedovnebT, SevZlebT iseTi saqmiani kontaqtebis damyarebas, romlebic xels Seuwyobs Tqvens mier ganx-orcielebuli gardaqmnebis warmatebas da Rirseulad dagvaZlevinebs Cveni drois sirTuleebs.

kidev erTxel gisurvebT yovelive saukeTesos.

e.­SevardnaZe.

mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­v.­s.­Cernomirdins­ruseTis­federaciis­ministrTa­sabWos­Tavmjdomares­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­re-spublika.­–­1992.­–­17­dekemberi.­–­N256(535).­–­1­gv.

417

wesrigis dasamyareblad ukve gadaidga pirveli nabijebi

eduard SevardnaZis 21 dekembris radiointerviu

– ar minda kvlav gavimeoro is problemebi romlebic saqarTvelos parlamentis gancxadebis mizezi gaxda – es iyo iZulebiTi nabiji romelic Cven unda gadagved-ga da gadavdgiT kidec. magram, mainc, gulistkiviliT unda aRvniSno, rom am gancxadebis miReba dagvWirda iseT fonze, roca saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris urT-ierToba mowesrigebis, dalagebis gzas adga, – ganacxada saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem Tavis tradiciul radio-interviuSi komentator nato onianTan, roca ganvlili kviris movlenebi gaaanaliza.

– ruseTSi axla rTuli procesebi mimdinareobs, – gan-grZo man. – da sagareo saqmeTa ministris andria kozirev-is gancxadebebi, romlebzec mTeli msoflio alaparakda, am qveyanaSi arsebuli mZafri winaaRmdegobebisa da Sina-gani brZolebis anareklia. ar gavimeoreb am procesebis Tu winaaRmdegobebis mizezebs, maTze bevrjer misaubria, magram sxva saqmea, ramdenad unda iyos gamarTlebuli sagareo saqmeTa ministris aseTi formis gamosvlebi... me mgoni, es ufro TamaSs gavda, bavSvs TiTs rom dau-qneven, WkuiT Tu ar iqnebi ase da ase dagemarTebao. al-baT sxva formiT SeiZleboda amis gakeTeba, rom Semdeg Tavis marTleba ar yofiliyo saWiro. ise ki, msofliom marTlac rom unda icodes, rogoria ruseTi sinamdvile-Si da vis unda dauWiros mxari. amaze laparaki aucile-belia.

Seexo ra saerTaSoriso organizaciebis rols da Tanamedrove msoflios procesebSi monawileobas, saqa-rTvelos saxelmwifos meTaurma kvlav gaimeora Tavisi mosazreba imis Sesaxeb, rom uSiSroebis evropuli struq-turebi da TviT gaerTianebuli erebis struqturebic akademiuri stiliT muSaoben da ise moqmedeben, TiTqos

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operatiuli reagireba ar iyos saWiro. adre, roca msof-lioSi ori banaki arsebobda, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem, – isini upirispirdebobdnen da awonasworebdnen kidec erTmaneTs. magram axla mSvidobis garanti saerTaSori-so struqturebi unda iyos da maTi operatiuli moqmede-ba drois moTxovnaa. yvelaferi, rac iugoslaviaSi mox-da, aseTi dagvianebuli moqmedebis Sedegia, Tumca, unda vTqva, saerTaSoriso organizaciebi amJamad iugoslavi-aSi sakmaod aqtiurad muSaoben.

Semdeg saubari Seexo afxazeTSi ruseTis samxedro vertmfrenis daRupvis gamo, iqauri oficialuri pire-bis mier bolo dros gakeTebul gancxadebebs, romlebic ruseTis sainformacio wyaroebiT gadaica. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos meTaurma amasTan dakavSirebiT aRniSna, rom – TavisTavad sxva qveynis samxedro vertmfrenis ga-moCena suverenuli saxelmwifos teritoriaze, isic samx-edro TviTmfrinavebis TanxlebiT, yvela saerTaSoriso normis darRvevaa da amas damrRvevi mxare verafriT ver gaamarTlebs. meore mxris mier misi aRkveTa ki nebismier SemTxevevaSi gamarTlebuli iqneboda.

amitom, vin rogori argumentic unda moiSvelios, yvela safuZvels aris moklebuli, miT umetes, rom am vertmfrenSi qarTveli tyveebic iyvnen da mas qarTvelTa mxare ar Camoagdebda, – ganacxada saxelmwifos meTaurma.

axla bevrs laparakoben imis Sesaxeb, Tu risTvis gvWirdeba ruseTi da risTvis vWirdebiT Cven mas. Tu risTvis gvWirdeba Cven ruseTi – es garkveulia, da amis gameoreba ar aris saWiro. marTalia, ruseTi uCvenod ar daiRupeba, magram saqarTvelo masac rom sWirdeba, esec cxadia. arastabiluri amierkavkasia arastabiluri kavkasiaa, kavkasia ki ruseTic aris. me mgoni, gaiTviTc-nobiereben saqarTvelos rols kavkasiis stabilizaciis saqmeSi, Tu ki es jer ar gaukeTebiaT. amdenad, saqarTve-lo ruseTs sWirdeba.

radiokomentatoris kiTxvaze – xom ar aris saqarT-veloSi socialuri afeTqebis safrTxe, saxelmwifos meTaurma ganacxada – kriminogenuri viTareba saqarT-

419

veloSi kvlav rTulia, magram wesrigis dasamyareblad TbilisSi ukve gadaidga pirveli nabijebi. saWiroa Tbiliselebma mxari dauWiron policias. aseTi RonisZie-bebi dasavleT saqarTveloSic daiwyeba. uaxloes xan-Si Cven SeiZleba mivaRwioT wesrigs, magram socialuri daZabuloba darCeba. amitom, socialuri afeTqeba axla advilia, aris iseTi xalxic, romelic gvaSinebs, rom qu-CaSi gamova. magram aseTi ram ar moxdeba, aqamde saqmes ar mivuSvebT, radgan Tu ki davinaxavT, rom viRac ukeT akeTebs sadReiso saqmes, vidre Cven, gzis daTmobis prob-lema ar iqneba. ara mgonia, raime moigos, Tu ki vinme Cvens gagdebas moindomebs. es qaris wisqvilebTan brZolas daemsgavseba da ar unda moxdes, – Tqva dasasrul eduard SevardnaZem.

wesrigis­dasamyareblad­ukve­gadaidga­pirveli­nabijebi­/­Sevard-naZe­e.­;­[Caiwera]­oniani­nato­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­dekemberi.­–­N259(538).­–­1­gv.

420

„darwmunebuli var, rom xval Cemi saqarTveloayvavebuli da bednieri iqneba“

eduard SevardnaZem interviu misca italiis televizias

paolo bernari, italiis „rai-2“ telekomentatori Relavda: – am intervius mTeli italia elodeba, radgan kargad icnobs baton eduard SevardnaZes, rogorc msof-lios erT-erT udides politikoss, romelmac Secvala Cveni samyaro. amasTanave ar SemiZlia ar davamato isic, rom italias uyvars eduard SevardnaZe. amitom gasagebia Cemi Relva. sul ramdenime dRis winaT Sedga satelefo-no saubari baton eduardsa da baton andreotis Soris, romelmac mTeli italiuri sazogadoebis didi interesi gamoiwvia. amasobaSi teleoperatorebma moamzades sof-itebi, kidev erTxel Seamowmes aparatura da N1 mzady-ofna gamocxadda.

oTaxSi Semovida batoni eduardi, RimiliT miesalma stumrebs da daiwyo interviu, romelic Cveni azriT, arc qarTveli mkiTxvelisaTvis unda iyos uintereso.

kiTxva: interviu minda daviwyo metad mniSvnelovani sakiTxiT – Tqveni naTlobis Sesaxeb, rogor moxda es?

eduard SevardnaZe: albaT, ufro sainteresoa, ro-gor mivedi am mniSvnelovan faqtamde Cems cxovrebaSi, rogor Seicvala Cemi msoflmxedveloba. es Zneli brZo-lis Sedegia. merwmuneT, komunisturi ideologiidan misvla qristianul filosofiamde ioli saqme ar aris. es metad rTuli procesia.

kiTxva: italiaSi gavrcelda informacia, rom Tqve-ni naTlobis faqti – es Tqveni politikuri karieris aucilebeli gzaa.

eduard SevardnaZe: es ase ar aris. es aris Cemi axali msoflmxedvelobis faqti. es imitom ki ar moxda, rom politikas sWirdeboda. politikaSic rom ar vyofiliya-vi, me mainc mividodi am daskvnamde.

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kiTxva: ra gindodaT am faqtiT geTqvaT msofliosT-vis?

eduard SevardnaZe: me movige yvelaze Zneli brZola – brZola sakuTar TavTan.

kiTxva: Seasrules Tu ara raime roli Tqvens gad-awyvetilebaSi kerZo pirovnebebma?

eduard SevardnaZe: rogorc yoveli adamiani, rasak-virvelia, mec garemocvaSi vimyofebi. magram, am SemTx-vevaSi, me xazgasmiT aRvniSnav, rom mxolod Cems pirovne-baSi mimdinareobda mTavari procesebi. es iyo brZola sakuTar TavTan.

kiTxva: Tqvenma ojaxma Tu Seasrula dadebiTi roli am gadawyvetilebaSi?

eduard SevardnaZe: rac Seexeba Cems ojaxs, Cven er-Tad mivdiodiT am gziT: meuRle, Svilebi, SviliSvilebi.

kiTxva: Tqven qristianuli eris Svili brZandebodiT. rodis igrZeniT, rom unda gaxdeT qristiani, rodesac daemxo komunisturi ideologia, Tu ufro adre?

eduard SevardnaZe: maSinac ki vgrZnobdi da mesmoda yvelaferi, roca mwamda da mjeroda komunisturi ide-ologiisa. cnobilia, rom Cemma samSoblom, saqarTvelom meoTxe saukuneSi miiRo qristianoba, faqtobrivad ki zogierTma regionma ufro adrec. saqarTvelosaTvis am faqtma erTis mxriv, giganturi roli Seasrula kultur-is, zne-Cveulebis, literaturis da, bolos, msoflmxed-velobis CamoyalibebaSi, meore mxriv, saqarTvelom saukuneebis manZilze samkvdro-sasicocxlo brZolis gza ganvlo musulmanuri qveynebis garemocvaSi. kidev erTi ram aris gasaTvaliswinebeli: am procesebis Sedegad mi-uxedavad mravalsaukunovani da usastikesi brZolebisa, cxovrebam Tavisi qna da saqarTveloSi Camoyalibda sxva-dasxva religiebis Tanaarsebobis unikaluri fenomeni.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, Tqven dabrundiT saqa-rTveloSi. am faqtma xom ar dabada eWvi, rom Tqven imi-tom iwameT qristianoba, rom es politikas sWirdeboda?

eduard SevardnaZe: diax, aris aseTi eWvi. yvela politikosis bedia, rom yoveli misi nabiji eWvs iwvevs,

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magram me politikaSi yovelTvis patiosnebis momxre var. patiosnebis principebze vdgavar. amas xalxi adre Tu gvian igebs...

kiTxva: batono prezidento, radgan saqarTvelo re-gionSi qristianobis kunZulia, xom ar gaaRrmavebs es faqtori mis izolacias?

eduard SevardnaZe: ara mgonia. saqarTveloSi arse-bobs sxvadasxva religiebis Tanaarsebobis unikaluri cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba. CvenTan nebismieri religi-is sruli Tavisuflebaa. islamis religiis asiaTasobiT morwmunea. 26 saukunea, rac ebraelebi cxovroben saqarT-veloSi. aq arian kaTolikebi. grigorianelebi – somxebi da sxva. rac Seexeba piradad Cems urTierTobas musulma-nur samyarosTan, – aq problemebi ara maqvs da ar meqneba. me kargi urTierToba maqvs TurqeTis xelmZRvanelobas-Tan, aseve kargi urTierToba maqvs iranTan.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, vin aris dRes Tqveni RmerTi?

eduard SevardnaZe: vin aris Cemi RmerTi? me fana-tikosi ar var. warmodgenili maqvs, rom aris uzenaesi Zala, romlis mxedvelobis areSi varT yvela. es uzenae-si Zala gansjis Cvens simarTles, Cvens patiosnebas, hu-manizms, kacTmoyvareobas, sikeTes. es Zala CemTvis aris RmerTi, xorcielqmnili, sityva, logosi.

kiTxva: davbrundeT warsulSi. CavataroT isto-riuli wiaRsvla, rodesac Tqven iyaviT komunisturi ideologiis lideri, Tqven icodiT, rom marqsizmi ar utovebs religias adgils, Tqven ki ar iyaviT qristianu-li religiis mowinaaRmdege, ras niSnavs es?

eduard SevardnaZe: marqsizmi me kargad Seviswavle, ar vici, kargia es Tu ara. albaT, kargia, safuZvlian-ma Seswavlam da cxovrebiseulma praqtikam mimiyvana daskvnamde, rom yvelaferi unda Seicvalos, Torem msof-lio daiRupeba. es aris mTavari.

kiTxva: rodis mixvediT am daskvnamde?eduard SevardnaZe: TariRis dasaxeleba SeuZebelia,

adamiani ar midis am daskvnamde erT dReSi da Tu gind

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erT weliwadSic. es iyo procesi, xangrZlivi procesi. realurma cxovrebam damarwmuna, rom is, rac xdeba msof-lioSi – ideologiuri da klasobrivi gaTiSva, civi omi – miiyvans msoflios katastrofamde. da am daskvnamde Seu-Zlebelia adamiani mivides raRac garkveul konkretul dRes.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, rogor afasebT dRes Tqven warsul politikur asparezs?

eduard SevardnaZe: SeiZleba es ar iyos Tavmdabali kacis pasuxi. magram me kmayofili var Cemi Tavisa. me Sev-Zeli TiTqmis SeuZlebeli.

kiTxva: istoria rom davabrunoT ukan, ras ar akeTeb-diT dRes da ras isurvebdiT, rom gagekeTebinaT?

eduard SevardnaZe: Tu is epoqa iqneboda, romelSic me vcxovrobdi, maSin unda gamevlo is gza, romelic gav-iare. me xom Cemi epoqis Svili var, sakuTari Tavisadmi pretenziebis wayenebac obieqturi unda iyos. magram erTs mainc vityvi: Cemi mSoblebi ocnebobdnen, rom me eqimi vyofiliyavi. mgonia, maTTvis rom damejerebina, kargi eqimi davdgebodi. iqneb ase sjobda (?!)

kiTxva: dRes Tqven brZandebiT im patara qveynis prezidenti, romelic saomar mdgomareobaSia. Tqven, ro-melmac iTamaSeT istoriuli roli msoflios gardaqm-naSi, SegeZloT gecxovraT sazRvargareT da sakmaod uz-runveladac, ram gadagadgmevinaT es nabiji?

eduard SevardnaZe: siyvarulma, Cemi qveynis siy-varulma da pasuxismgeblobam. dRes Cemi qveyana iseT md-gomareobaSia, rom ar SemeZlo sxva arCevani gamekeTebina. uCemod Zneli iqneboda Cemi qveynisaTvis. Cemi monawileo-ba aucilebeli iyo Cemi samSoblos demokratiuli gzis mSeneblobaSi. danaSauli iqneboda, rom am dros CemTvis oazisi meZebna.

kiTxva: rwmenam, religiurma rwmenam Tu Seasrula garkveuli roli am gadawyvetilebaSi?

eduard SevardnaZe: yvelaferma erTad. es sakiTxi – erT konteqstSi unda ganvixiloT – brZola Tavisu-flebisaTvis, demokratiisaTvis, qristianobisaTvis.

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kiTxva: rogor SeafasebdiT viTarebas Tqvens qveya-naSi?

eduard SevardnaZe: Zalian mZime viTarebaa. da rom ara didi siyvaruli italiisadmi, misi xalxisadmi, ise var dakavebuli, rom ver moviclidi interviusaTvis. SezRudulia xorblis resursebi, ara gvaqvs sawvavi, Zve-li imperia ise iyo awyobili, rom yvela respublika erT-maneTze iyo damokidebuli, yvela erTad ki – centrze. ai ratom aRmovCndiT uZlur mdgomareobaSi. magram me imeds ar vkargav. saqarTvelos ufro mZime gansacdelic gadautania. RmerTi CvenTan aris.

kiTxva: ra xdeba afxazeTSi, ratom aris amdeni msxver-pli?

eduard SevardnaZe: es ruseTis reaqciuli Zalebis bralia, me maT wiTel-mixakisfer Wirs vuwodeb, romel-ic afxazuri separatizmis wisqvilze asxams wyals. dRes realuri safrTxe daemuqra saqarTvelos mTlianobas, ma-gram saqarTvelo arc erT goj miwas ar daTmobs, es Seu-Zlebelia.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, sul ramdenime dRis winaT ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma stokholmSi gancxadeba gaakeTa, rom ruseTi ar daTmobs Tavis inter-esebs yofil respublikebSi, da Tu dasWirda, Zalasac ki gamoiyenebs. Tqven ra Sefasebas miscemT amas?

eduard SevardnaZe: rodesac man es gancxadeba gaa-keTa, mere daazusta, rom es im Zalebis azria, romlebic prezident elcins ebrZviano. magram, unda vivaraudoT, rom aseTi safrTxe ar aris gamoricxuli. Cven amas afxaz-eTis magaliTzec vxedavT.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, Tu romelime respublika konfliqtSia ruseTTan da mas gaaCnia birTvuli iaraRi, aris Tu ara SesaZlebeli, rom is man gamoiyenos?

eduard SevardnaZe: birTvuli iaraRis gamoyenebas gamovricxav. msoflios veRaravin gayofs or nawilad, me respublikebsac vgulisxmob. birTvul oms gamovricxav. dRes es safrTxe realurad ar arsebobs da vamayob, rom Cemi wvlilic aris am did saqmeSi.

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kiTxva: Tqven da gorbaCovi brZandebiT gardaqmnis mamamTavrebi. SeiZleba Tu ara, rom yofili sabWoTa kav-Siri daubrundes totalitarul sistemas?

eduard SevardnaZe: me araerTxel vafarTxile diqtaturis safrTxeze. samwuxarod, Cemi mware prog-nozi gamarTlda. mxedvelobaSi maqvs moskovis agvistos putCi. dResac mimaCnia, rom aseTi safrTxe arsebobs. da Tu es moxda, SeiZleba gadaizardos civ omad msoflio masStabiT, da ara marto civ omad.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, roca Tqven iyaviT sagareo saqmeTa ministri, kargi urTierToba gqondaT baton reiganTan, baton buSTan. axla roca Tqven patara qveynis prezidenti xarT, rogori iqneba Tqveni urTier-Toba prezident klintonTan?

eduard SevardnaZe: axla sxva droa, magaliTad, ba-ton reigans me Sevxvdi 30-jer, aseve xSirad vxvdebodi ba-ton buSs. magram aseve keTili ganwyoba maqvs prezident qlintonTan. amas mowmobs Cveni satelefono saubari am ramdenime xnis winaT. Cven SevTanxmdiT, rom ar arsebobs araviTari formaluri barierebi Cveni urTierTobisaT-vis. Cven SeiZleba davelaparakoT erTmaneTs nebismier sakiTxebze, rac gvainteresebs.

kiTxva: batono prezidento, dRes msoflioSi, samwux-arod, Zalis politika imarjvebs dialogis politikaze. Tqveni azri?

eduard SevardnaZe: Tqven iciT Cemi saubris Sesaxeb baton andreotisTan. Cven vilaparakeT winaaRmdegobeb-ze – eqstremistul separatizmze, romelic moitans qa-oss. safrTxe arsebobs mdidar da Rarib samyaros, samx-reTsa da CrdiloeTs Soris dapirispirebaSi. arsebobs safrTxe, rom es dapirispireba gadaizardos did ubed-urebaSi. Tavis droze me SevTavaze uSiSroebis sabWos, rom iseTi potenciurad Zlieri qveynebi, rogorebicaa germania da iaponia, gamxdariyvnen uSiSroebis sabWos mudmivi wevrebi. saWiroa miviRoT konstruqciuli zome-bi. droa, zogadi mowodebebidan gadavideT realur saq-meebze. esaa problemis xsna.

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kiTxva: batono prezidento, qristianuli moZRvre-biT ojaxi aris adamianis cxovrebis mTavari qvakuTxedi. Tqven iziarebT am Sexedulebas?

eduard SevardnaZe: absoluturad.kiTxva: batono prezidento, Tqven RebulobT gad-

awyvetilebebs metad rTul situaciebSi. ras efuZneba Tqveni gadawyvetilebebi?

eduard SevardnaZe: rwmenas. magram Cemi rwmena emy-areba seriozul analizs. darwmunebuli var, rom xval Cemi saqarTvelo ayvavebuli da bednieri qveyana iqneba. Cemi rwmena emyareba Cemi qveynis geopolitikur mdgo-mareobas. Cemi gadawyvetilebebi qristianul rwmenazec aris dafuZnebuli. iciT, Tu religiuri rwmena STauner-gavs adamians kacTmoyvareobas, sikeTes, humanizms da politikaSi gadadis, maSin politika Rebulobs adami-anur saxes. misi safuZveli ki sikeTis wyarod iqceva.

kiTxva: es Tqveni azria?eduard SevardnaZe: diax, me yovelTvis ase vfiqrob-

di, radgan es CemTvis principuli sakiTxia. me politika-Si, rogorc zemoTac mogaxseneT, patiosnebis momxre var. es Cemi kredoa.

italiis telekomentatori: didi madloba, batono prezidento.

eduard SevardnaZe: me mivesalmebi italiel xalxs, Zalian miyvars italielebi da italia. magram... saqarT-velo – upirveles yovlisa!

„darwmunebuli­var,­rom­xval­Cemi­saqarTvelo­ayvavebuli­da­bed-nieri­iqneba“­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­dekemberi.­–­N259(538).­–­1,2­gv.

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ganixilaven samxedro kanonebis pakets

saqarTvelos parlamentis dRiuri

23 dekembers parlamentis dilis sxdomaze sityva aiRo saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem. man, kerZod Tqva:

Tqven iciT: Cven jer ara gvaqvs raime informacia imis Taobaze, rom parlamentis mier erTsulovnad miRebuli gancxadebis Semdeg raime Seicvala ruseTis politikaSi afxazeTTan dakavSirebiT. mxedvelobaSi ara maqvs „didi politika“, me vulisxmob im samxedro nawilebis moqmede-bas, romlis Sesaxebac aq CamovayalibeT azri da romel-Ta Sesaxebac Cven protesti gamovxateT. unda vTqva, rom guSinac orjer iyo soxumis Tavze sahaero sivrcis dar-Rvevis SemTxveva, dafrinavdnen samxedro TviTmfrinave-bi. im diliTac ganmeorda es. amasTan dakavSirebiT minda erTxel kidev ganvacxado, erTxel kidev, vinaidan guSin Cemi davalebiT aseTi gancxadeba gakeTda, magram dRes ukve parlamentis tribunidan unda iTqvas, rom im vertm-frenis daRupvasTan dakavSirebiT, udanaSaulo adamian-Ta msxverpli rom mohyva, mTeli pasuxismgebloba ekisre-baT im samxedro pirebs, maT Soris im generlebs, romelTa rezidencia gudauTaSia. maT gasces brZaneba, rom samxe-dro vertmfrenebi da moieriSe samxedro TviTmfrinavi samoqalaqo pirebiTurT, iaraRiT da qarTvel tyveebTan erTad gaegzavnaT tyvarCelSi, akrZaluli marSrutiT, xelisuflebis nebarTvis gareSe. es TiTqos elementaru-li WeSmaritebaa da yvelam viciT, magram kidev erTxel vimeoreb imisaTvis, rom es gaigonos mTelma msofliom. dRes parlamentis sxdomaze vacxadeb – mTeli pasuxismge-bloba yoveli adamianis, yoveli bavSvis sicocxlisaTvis ekisrebaT imaT, vinc brZaneba gasca daerRviaT saqarT-velos sahaero sivrce, ugulebelyoT saqarTvelos suv-erenuli uflebebi, rasac isini sakmaod xSirad sCadian.

amis garda, albaT, sagulisxmoa isic, rom bavSvebTan da tyveebTan erTad iyvnen afxazi moTareSeebi. sul ki

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vertmfrenSi samoci kaci imyofeboda. ruseTis sain-formacio saSualebebma gadmosces egreT wodebuli dazustebuli monacemi, TiTqos ocdaToTxmeti ka-cia daRupuli. es imisaTvis sWirdebaT, rom amtkicon, TiTqos vertmfreni gadatvirTuli ar yofila. magram arsebobs daRupulTa sia, romelSic samocze meti ada-miania dasaxelebuli, rac imas niSnavs, rom vertmfreni gadatvirTuli iyo da es gadatvirTva SeiZleboda yo-filiyo katastrofis mizezi. masSi imyofebodnen afxazi moTareSeebic, maT Soris erT-erTi cnobili avazaki, ro-melmac afxazeTis Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Sturmis dros sxeulis mZime dazianeba miayena maSindel Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs givi lominaZes. aqedan ukve gasagebia, Tu ra miznebiT gagzavnes es samxedro TviTmfrinavebi da im marSrutiT, romelic TqvenTvis cnobilia. am dazuste-bebs SeiZleba hqondes principuli mniSvneloba Cveni sazogadoebriobisaTvis, ruseTis sazogadoebriobisa da msoflio azrisaTvis. saTanado gancxadebebi Cemi da-valebiT ukve gakeTda presaSi.

dRes ra mdgomareobaa. rogorc gaxsovT, am ramden-ime dRis winaT TiTqosda miRweuli iyo SeTanxmeba ce-cxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. sinamdvileSi es SeTanxmeba ar sruldeba. rogorc yovelTvis, guSinac afxazTa mxarem daarRvia igi gumisTis raionSi. am diliTac iyo Setevis mcdeloba oCamCiris raionSi. ra Tqma unda, es Seteva mo-geriebulia, magram me aRvniSnav Tavad faqts, rom afxaz eqstremistebs SeTanxmeba mxolod imitom sWirdebaT, raTa dro moigon, xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmnan ama Tu im samxero amocanis gadasawyvetad.

unda mogawodoT erTi informacia. guSin erovnuli uSiSroebisa da Tavdacvis sabWo Seikriba da sakmaod safuZvlianad, mravalmxrivi informaciis bazaze ganix-ila iq Seqmnili samxedro, politikuri mdgomareoba da miiRo yvela saWiro gadawyvetileba. ufro konkretulad amis Sesaxeb informacias cota mogvianebiT mogawvdiT, SeiZleba xval an zeg. keTdeba yvelaferi, raTa aRdg-es cxovrebis normaluri pirobebi qalaq soxumSi, oCam-

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CireSi, sxva qalaqebsa da raionebSi. aseve ganisazRvra zogierTi sxva amocanac. uSiSroebis sabWom winaswar ga-nixila es kanonproeqtebi, romlebic Tqvens gansaxilve-lad aris dRes warmodgenili. iyo SeniSvnebi da vTxovT parlaments, am SeniSvnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, ganixilon isini. guSin ganvixileT sakmaod didi kanoni, amas kvlav daubrundeba uSiSroebis sabWo. es aris kanoni iaraRis Sesaxeb. esec Zalian seriozuli kanonproeqtia da mas didi mniSvneloba SeiZleba hqondes momavlisaTvis.

batonma eduard SevardnaZem ilaparaka agreTve qa-laq Tbilisis xelmZRvanelobasTan morigi Sexvedris Sesaxeb, romelic tradiciad iqca. man, kerZod, aRniSna, rom am bolo dros ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebis Se-degad aRiniSneba mcire, magram SesamCnevi Zvrebi qalaq-is cxovrebaSi: dawyebulia muSaoba TbilisSi wesrigis dasamyareblad, danaSaulobaTa aRsakveTad, qalaqis mosaxleobis produqtebiT momaragebisa da quCebis da-sufTavebis samsaxurebis asamoqmedeblad. uaxloes dro-Si bunebriv airze imuSaveben nagvis, puris, saswrafo daxmarebis manqanebi da amiT erTgvarad Semsubuqdeba benzinis uqonlobiT gamowveuli mravali gasaWiri, ro-melic esoden mZimed awevs dRes Cvens dedaqalaqs.

ministrTa kabinetma miiRo gadawyvetileba qalaqis uflebaTa gafarToebis Sesaxeb. mas mieniWa meti avtono-mia, magram uflebebTan erTad gaizrdeba xelmZRvanelTa pasuxismgeblobac.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eqceva transportis, kerZod, rkinigzis axlandel mZime mdgomareobas. aRin-iSna, rom saSinlad iZarcveba rkinigza, romelmac dRei-saTvis 18 miliardi maneTis zarali ganicada. da es exeba ara marto dasavleTis regionebs, kerZod samegrelos, aramed mTel saqarTvelos teritorias, sadac gadis rki-nigzis xazebi. es namdvili barbarosobaa da qarTvelma xalxma amis Sesaxeb yvelaferi unda icodes. sazRvarga-reT gasayidad iparaven spilenZis eleqtrogayvanilobas. iparaven ara marto mkvlelebi, banditebi, yaCaRebi, ar-amed rigiTi moqalaqeebic ki. da isini ar fiqroben araTu

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sakuTar Tavze, aramed sakuTar Svilebze, momavalze.Seicvala satransporto policiis xelmZRvaneloba.

am samsaxuris ufrosad daniSnulia gia gulua. rkinig-zis policias SeuerTda gasamxedroebuli dacva – aTasze meti kaci. amieridan gansakuTrebiT saxifaTo monakveTeb-ze matareblebs gaacilebs SeiaraRebuli dacva.

Semdeg batonma eduard SevardnaZem parlamentar-ebs gansaxilvelad SesTavaza saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo jildoebis dawesebis kanonproeqti. misi mixedviT im moqalaqeTa dasajildoeblad, romelTac gmiroba, mamacoba gamoiCens samSoblos dacvisa da erTia-nobisaTvis brZolebSi, gansakuTrebuli piradi wvlili miuZRviT damoukidebeli qarTuli saxelmwifos mSeneb-lobaSi, unda dawesebuliyo saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo jildoebi – ordenebi da medlebi: daviT aRmaSeneblis ordeni, ordeni „Rirseuli mamuliSvili“, medlebi – „mxedruli mamacobisaTvis“, „sabrZolo damsax-urebisaTvis“ da „umwikvlo samsaxurisaTvis“.

warmodgenil proeqts didi pasuxismgeblobiT moekidnen parlamentis wevrebic. maT Semoitanes mTeli rigi saintereso winadadebebi, iyo SeniSvnebic. kanon-proeqti sabolood daixveweba saparlamento komisiebi-sa da fraqciebis warmomadgenelTa Sekrebaze da mas uax-loes droSi gamoitanen dasamtkiceblad.

sxdomis monawileebma wuTieri dumiliT miages pa-tivi imaT xsovnas, vinc zustad erTi wlis winaT – 1991 wlis 22 dekembers Seewira saqarTveloSi eqspreziden-tis totalitaruli reJimis winaaRmdeg brZolas.

parlamentarTa seriozuli msjelobis sagnad iqca sxdomaze gansaxilvelad warmodgenili kanonproeqti saqarTvelos respublikis Tavdacvis Sesaxeb. man azr-Ta didi sxvadasxvaoba gamoiwvia. kerZod, es Seexeboda pirveli Tavis pirvel da meore muxlebs: „saqarTvelos respublikis Tavdacvis safuZvlebi“ da „saqarTvelos respublikis Tavdacvis politikis principebi“. sakmaod xangrZlivi kamaTis Semdeg saTanado principuli SeniS-vnebis gaTvaliswinebiT kanonproeqti miiRes.

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parlamentma pirveli mosmeniT miiRo saqarTvelos respublikis kanoni samxedro mdgomareobis samarTle-brivi reJimis Sesaxeb.

saRamos sxdomis udidesi nawili daeTmo „saqarTve-los respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis cvlile-baTa da damatebaTa“ kanonproeqtis ganxilvas.

sxdomam gvianobamde gastana.

ganixilaven­samxedro­kanonebis­pakets­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­dekemberi.­–­N260(539).­–­1­gv.

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„iZulebuli var vTqva“

interviu Sesvenebis dros

batonma eduard SevardnaZem upasuxa „saqarTvelos respublikis“ saparlamento korespondentis

SekiT xvas:

– wina samSabaTs Tbilis-soxumis matarebelze yaCaRu-ri Tavdasxma Tqven SeafaseT rogorc qarTveli xalxis mtrebis moqmedeba. dRes isev rkinigzasTan dakavSirebiT – kvlav mkacri Sefaseba – 18 miliardi maneTis zarali, rac diversiuli aqtebiT, ZarcviTa da yaCaRobiT rkin-igzam ganicada, – TqviT Tqven, ar aris marto politiku-ri mtrebis namoqmedari da amis Sesaxeb sruli simarTle xalxma unda icodes.

– upirveles yovlisa, unda gamoqveyndes masala imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra moxda rkinigzaze, ra daemarTa, ra dReSi Caagdes; unda gamoqveyndes, rom warmodgena gvqondes, ra ubedurebis Cadena SegviZlia sakuTari qveynis, sakuTari xalxis interesebis sawinaaRmdegod. guSin Sejamebuli informacia rom movismine, Tu ra moxda saqarTvelos rki-nigzaze, rogor gavaCanageT es simdidre, rogor gavanad-gureT, aman Semzara da SemaZrwuna, iqamde, rom rogorc vikadro, magram iZulebuli var vTqva, – me mrcxvenia, rom moqalaqe var im qveynis, romelSic ase barbarosulad eqcevian erovnul simdidres, romelic garkveuli safuZ-velia Cveni ekonomikuri da politikuri Tavisuflebisa.

„iZulebuli­var­vTqva“­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­dekemberi.­–­N260(539).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZis pasuxi „izvestiis“ kiTxvaze

„imedi gvaqvs, rom ruseTi saqarTvelosTan urTierTobaSi bolos da bolos gansazRvravs

perspeqtiul prioritetebs“ – eduard SevardnaZe

eduard SevardnaZe: „imedi gvaqvs, rom ruseTi saqa-rTvelosTan urTierTobaSi bolos da bolos gansaz-Rvravs perspeqtiul prioritetebs“.

rogorc ukve viuwyebodiT, saqarTvelos parla-mentma gaakeTa gancxadeba, romelSic qarTvel-afxazTa konfliqtis eskalacia uSualod aris dakavSirebuli ruseTis federaciis xelisufalTa poziciasa da misi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis moqmedebaze. amas braldebuli mxaris sapasuxo reaqcia oficialurad jerjerobiT ar mohyolia, magram Tbilisis dokuments ukve calsaxad ganmartaven masobrivi informaciis saSualebebsa da politikur wreebSi.

amasTan dakavSirebiT „izvestiam“ sTxova saqarTve-los respublikis saxelmwifos meTaurs, parlamentis Tavmjdomares eduard SevardnaZes epasuxa kiTxvaze: niS-navs Tu ara aseTi nabiji ruseT-saqarTvelos morigebaTa faqtobriv denonsacias da saqarTvelos gasvlas urT-ierTinteresebis sferodan?

parlamenti uflebamosilia Tavisi xalxis saxeliT gansazRvros sakuTari damokidebuleba politikuri realiebisadmi. migvaCnia, rom es gancxadeba ganapiroba saarsebo saWiroebam. es konfrontacia ki ara, iZulebiTi preventuli RonisZiebaa, romelic SesaZleblobas gva-Zlevs, davadasturoT sadReisod Seqmnili viTareba da Tavidan aviciloT movlenaTa Semdgomi negatiuri ganvi-Tareba. es aris imis seriozuli Cafiqrebis sababic, Tu ra gvinda erTmaneTisagan da risken mivdivarT.

es aqti denonsaciad ver CaiTvleba, radgan mxolod imis denonsacia SeiZleba, ramac iuridiulad damkvidre-bul ormxriv valdebulebaTa forma SeiZina.

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yovlismomcveli saxelmwifoTaSorisi xelSekrule-ba, romelsac gulwrfelad veswrafodiT, samwuxarod ar gvaqvs, da ara Cveni mizeziT. molaparakebis yovel etapze warmoiqmneboda axali koliziebi, romlebic moiTxovd-nen axal kompromisebs, razec Segnebulad mivdiodiT. magram aris zRvaric, romlis iqiT ibadeba eWvi, sicocx-lisunariania Tu ara kompromisebis principi.

dRes samarTlianad gvisvamen kiTxvas, ra fasi aqvs im keTil iniciativas, romelic 3 seqtembers moskovSi afx-azeTis konfliqtis mowesrigebis morigebiT damTavr-da, Tu uSualod amis kvaldakval ruseTis parlamentma miiRo uprecedento gadawyvetileba, romelic pirdapir aZlevda sanqcias Carevas sxva suverenuli saxelmwifos saqmeebSi da faqtobrivad provokaciulad gamoiwvia kidec dampyrobluri operaciebi afxazeTSi?

Cven gvekiTxebian: raze mourigdiT saxelmwifos, ro-melmac ver gamonaxa SesaZlebloba ganesazRvra Tavisi damokidebuleba sakuTari moqalaqeebisadmi. Seuferxe-blad, iaraRiT rom kveTaven saxelmwifo sazRvars, ro-gorc fasiani daqiravebulebi, maT Soris TviTmoqmedi konfederaciis droSebiT? esec ybadaRebuli „interna-cionaluri movaleobaa“?

Cven gvekiTxebian: ra uflebiT moqmedeben saqarTve-los teritoriaze ruseTis jarebi, romlebic ar eqve-mdebarebian Tavis droze saqarTveloSi dislocire-buli samxedro olqis Stabis sardlobas da ewodebaT „samSvidobo Zalebi“? vin da ra uflebamosilebani mis-ca am Zalebs? marto ukanasknel sam TveSi ruseTis Sei-araRebulma Zalebma moaxdines aTze meti saaviacio da saartilerio dartyma, maT Soris cecxli dauSines sacx-ovrebel raionebs, ris Sedegad, daiRupa aTobiT mSvi-dobiani mcxovrebi. es da sxva ucilobeli faqtebi mow-moben, rom afxazeTSi dislocirebuli jarebi aqtiurad monawileoben egreT wodebuli „partizanuli moZrao-bis“ mxa reze.

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gana aseT situaciaSi vinmes arabunebrivad moeCveneba parlamentis moTxovna konfliqtis zonidan sxva saxelm-wifos jarebis gayvanis Sesaxeb?

ukanaskneli magaliTi: ruseTis samxedro-sahaero Za-lebis vertmfrenis katastrofa yovelgvari gamoZiebis gareSe saswrafod iZens antiqarTul inerpretacias. ara-da, aris monacemebi, rom vertmfrens avaria SeemTxva ga-damettvirTvisa (24-adgilian manqanaSi ijda 60-ze meti kaci) da dawyebuli xanZris Sedegad SemTxvevis adgilis Semowmebam cxadyo, rom vertmfreniT, romelic TiTqos humanur reiss asrulebda, gadahyavdaT samxedro tyveebi – qarTvelebi, agreTve, iq iyo SeiaraReba da tyvia-wama-li, magram mTavaria, rom ruseTis samxedro TviTmfri-navebi respublikis suverenul teritoriaze dafrina-ven. Sesabamisi saxelmwifo organoebis sanqciis gareSe, daTqmuli pirobebisa da sahaero sivrcis kodeqsis dar-RveviT.

Cvens saxelSekrulebo process ver ganvaxorcielebT pirobebSi, roca Cvens araerTgzis protestebs ugulebe-lyofen yvela doneze, obieqtur informacias ki sagul-dagulod Cqmalaven.

sainformacio blokadas ukanaskneli adgili rodi ukavia vnebaTaRelvis gaZlierebaSi. xdeba sazogadoe-brivi azris mizanimimarTuli dezorientacia.

Tavidanve warmoqmnili dapirispireba „qarTul-afx-azuri konfliqtiT“ aris moniSnuli. raki danerges es gansazRvra politikur xmarebaSi msoflio sazogadoe-briv azrs amrigad uCiCineben, rom mimdinareobs omi or saxelmwifos, or xalxs Soris, sadac mcirericxovani, bunebrivia, msxverplia.

Cvensave teritoriaze CvenTvis Tavs moxveuli omi garedan waqezebuli politikuri avantiuris tragiku-li Sedegia.

sakmarisia, Tvali gavadevnoT am konfliqtis wina istorias, raTa mivxvdeT: aSkaraa klasikuri separa-

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tizmis yvela simptomi, saqarTvelom gamoacxada Tu ara Tavisi suverenoba, afxazeTma maSinve socialistur re-spublikad gamoacxada Tavi da moiTxova kavSiris Semad-genlobaSi Sesvla. iSleba kavSiri, da afxazeTis poli-tikuri liderebi „xelsa da guls“ sTavazoben mTiel xalxTa konfederacias, romelic afxazeTSi dauyovneb-liv marTavs Tavis yrilobas, Tan amasobaSi soxums kon-federaciis dedaqalaqad acxadebs. rTuldeba situacia CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi da afxazeTSi Cndebian emisrebi sakmaod kargad cnobili ruseTis fraqcia „soiuzidan“. paralelurad, yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis adastureben Ji-rinovskisTan alianssac. ase Tu ise, mesame Zalis faqto-ri mudmivad arsebobs, amasTan, aSkarad gamoxatuli antiqarTuli orientaciiT. iqmneba mononacionaluri afxazuri SeiaraRebuli Zalebi. obstruqcias uwyoben qarTuli erovnebis kadrebs, uwinares yovlisa, avtono-miuri respublikis uzenaes sabWosa da saxelmwifo dawe-sebulebebSi konfliqtamde didi xniT adre, afxazeTSi miiwvies daqiravebuli samxedro specialistebi, rom-lebic moxibles didi fulisa da zRvispira saxlebis mi-cemis dapirebiT.

da raoden ucnauradac unda geCvenoT, antiqarTuli moZraobis iniciatorebs arasodes ar ucdiaT referen-dumis gziT gaerkviaT mosaxleobis azri amis Taobaze. mizezi ubraloa: afxazebi, romlebic avtonomiuri res-publikis mcxovrebTa saerTo ricxvis daaxloebiT 18%-s Seadgenen, xalxis politikur nebas ver gansazRvraven; ufro metic, umravlesoba am 18%-dan sulac ar afasebs calsaxad Tavisi „ganmaTavisufleblebis“ miswrafebebs, raki xedavs Tu ra usagnod da danaSaulebrivad iRvreba sisxli.

saerTaSoriso samarTlis veraviTari norma ver ig-uebs suverenuli saxelmwifos teritoriuli mTliano-bis darRvevisa da misi istoriulad Camoyalibebuli sazRvrebis gadasinjvis Zalismier cdebs.

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swored es aris erTaderTi misaRebi sawyisi punqti nebismieri molaparakebisa da xelSekrulebebisaTvis, romlebzec uari ar gviTqvams da arc vambobT araviTar garemoebaSi.

magram omi mimdinareobs, da saqarTveloSi sul ufro mtkicdeba rwmena: ruseTis Zalismieri zegavlena rom ara, qarTvelebi da afxazebi ukve gamoZebnidnen orive mx-arisaTvis misaReb gamosavalso.

rogorc etyoba, zogierT politikoss obieqtu-ri daskvnebis gamotanaSi xels uSlis analogiebiT az-rovnebis Cveva: „meore libani, meore iugoslavia, meore yarabaRi...“ yoveli movlena TviTsakmarisia Tavis mize-zobriv-Sedegobriv kavSirTa sistemaSi da sakuTari fesvebi aqvs. aseTi oponentebis poziciaSi Cans cda, Seunacvlon adgilebi mizezsa da Sedegs: omi SewyviteT afxazeTSi, Cven ki molaparakebis magidas mivusxdebiTo, meore dRes xom molaparakeba, uwinares yovlisa, imisTvis aris saWiro, rom TiToeulma mxarem ikisros am omisaTvis pasuxismgeblobis Tavisi wili. kavkasiis omis xanZari yve-las miwvdeba. arada, Tu obieqturobas gzas uRobavs emo-ciebi, maSasadame, albaT, unda mivmarToT samediatoro sasamarTlos msoflio sazogadoebis, saerTaSoriso or-ganizaciebis saxiT.

ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobas didi xnis vrceli istoria aqvs, romelic, unda iTqvas, mowmobs, rom urT-ierToba yovelTvis rodi iyo Tanasworuflebiani, rodi iTvaliswinebda ormxriv interesebs.

axla sxva droa, da am drom ukve mogvca axali da Wkuis saswavlebeli gakveTili, romelsac analogiebi ar hqoniaT warsul istoriaSi.

erTi maTgani aseTia: axlandeli msoflio wyoba, ga-moricxavs proimperiuli geopolitikuri madis gam-ovlinebas, ra provokaciul mowodebebsac unda gamoTq-vamdnen saxelgatexili uniis aRorZinebisaTvis.

diax, ruseTisa da saqarTvelos keTilmezobluri urTierToba kavkasiis regionSi stabilurobis gadam-wyveti faqtoria.

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magram keTilmezobloba SesaZlebelia, Tu aris urT-ierTpativiscema, Tanaswori uflebebi da Tanaswori valdebulebani. rogorc cnobilia, jojoxeTis gza keTi-li zraxvebis fuWi dapirebebiT aris mokirwyluli.

Cven viTvaliswinebT ruseTSi ZalTa da ganwyobile-baTa rTul ganlagebas. magram ra politikuri motivic unda mwifdebodes, imperiis nangrevebze, Cven veyrdno-bodiT da veyrdnobiT jansaR demokratiul Zalebs da imedi gvaqvs, rom ruseTis saxelmwifo moRvaweni, bolos da bolos, miagneben realuri da gonivruli perspeqtiv-is mqone politikur prioritetebs.

Tbilisi,­1992­wlis­20­dekemberi.

eduard­ SevardnaZis­ pasuxi­ „izvestiis“­ kiTxvaze­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­24­dekemberi.­–­N261(540).­–­1­gv.

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droa, xma aRvimaRloT usircxvilo sicruis pasuxad!

saqarTvelos saxelmwifos meTauris, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris eduard SevardnaZis mimarTva saqar-Tvelos teritoriaze mcxovreb rus mosaxleobas, yvela moqalaqes

Zvirfaso Tanamoqalaqeno!Cemi dRevandeli mimarTva ganapiroba iman, rom ruse-

Tis uzenaes sabWoSi ganixilaven sakiTxs saqarTvelos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb da sakiTxis ase dayeneba norma xde-ba ruseTis parlamentisaTvis.

Cveni socialuri gaWirvebis da politikuri Zvre-bis mZime dro dagvidga. da, rac mTavaria, saqarTvelo-Si omia, romelic Tavs mogvaxvies Cvensave teritoriaze, sul axalaxal msxverpls rom moiTxovs.

Znelia, aseT situaciaSi gamonaxo sityvebi, romlebic imis imeds Causaxavs kacs, rom male damyardeba mSvido-ba da dagvidgeba keTildReobis xana. magram mjera, rom saqmis keTilad dasasrulis rwmena cocxlobs TiToeul CvenganSi, yvela im adamianSi, vinc, rogorc moqalaqe iz-iarebs qarTveli xalxis uflebas, daicvas Tavisi saxelm-wifoebrioba.

mkafio moqalaqeobriv poziciaze dgoma gansakuTre-biT aqtualuria dRes, roca suverenul saxelmwifosa da misi xalxis winaaRmdeg Zalismier moqmedebas Tan sdevs uceremonio politikuri zegavlena. propagandis sa-SualebebiT mizanmimarTulad axdenen sazogadoebrivi azris dezorientacias, cdiloben msoflio daarwmunon, rom saqarTveloSi ilaxeba adamianis uflebebi, xolo konfrontacia afxazeTSi, sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara omi or qveyanas, or xalxs Soris.

swored aseT kvalifikacias aZlevs movlenebs ruse-Tis xelisuflebis bevri warmomadgeneli, romlebmac arsebiTad sanqcia misces sxva suverenuli saxelmwifos saqmeebSi pirdapir Carevas. amis Sedegad CaifuSa mo-

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laparakeba. provokaciulad gamoiwvies dampyrobluri operaciebi afxazeTSi.

axla igive Zalebi amwvaveben viTarebas, da amisaTvis nebismier sababs iyeneben antiqarTuli kampaniis gaCaRe-bis mizniT. amjerad maT gamoadgaT ruseTis sahaero-samx-edro Zalebis vertmfrenTan dakavSirebuli SemTxveva.

am dros aravin ar uaryofs imas, rom afxaz separat-istTa mxareze ibrZvian ruseTis moqalaqeebi, amasTan ukve aramarto rogorc daqiravebulebi, aramed ruse-Tis regularuli jarebis SemadgenlobaSi. am aqciis gasamarTleblad, romelic fexqveS Telavs saerTaSor-iso urTierTobis yvela civilizebul normas, ayeneben kargad cnobil mosazrebas – „rusulenovani mosaxleo-bis dacvas“. rogorc Cans, sxva argumentebi aRar darCa, radgan msoflioSi seriozulad ukve aRaravin aRiqvams afxazuri separatizmis idelogTa mier TviTgamorkvevis uflebis iseT absurdul eqstremistul ganmartebas, roca afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis mosaxleobis umravlesobis azris gauTvaliswineblad mis ganxor-cielebas lamoben saxelmwifo sazRvrebis ZaliT gada-keTebis meSveobiT.

gvesmoda, rom veraviTari sababi ver gaamarTlebs saqarTvelos potenciuri daSlisaTvis gamiznul mis-wrafebebs da sruli uflebiT velodiT, rom ruseTi go-nivrul politikur gadawyvetilebas miiRebda. ufro metic, Cven, rogorc cnobilia, vemzadebodiT ruseT-saqa-rTvelos yovlismomcveli xelSekrulebis dadebisaTvis, romelic, saerTo azriT, marto Tvisebrivad axal sa-fuZvels ki ar Cauyrida keTilmezoblur urTierTobas, aramed SeiZleboda kavkasiaSi mSvidobis garantic gamx-dariyo.

samwuxarod, ruseTis garkveul politikur wreebSi sxva interesebma imZlavra. „gaTiSe da ibatones“ princi-pis sxva istoriuli memkvidreobiToba moewonaT ficxel politikosebs. isRa rCeboda, rom omiT gapoxierebul niadagze daeTesaT raRac miTi saqarTveloSi rusebis

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devnisa da cdiloben amiT gaemarTlebinaT yoveli Zal-ismieri aqcia.

araerTgzis da sxvadasxva doneze keTdeboda gancxa-debebi, romlebsac aseTi sarCuli edo. msgavs gamoxtome-bze gansakuTrebuli reaqcia ar gamogvivlenia da, uwin-ares yovlisa imitom, rom ver vxedavdiT CvenTan raime specifikuri rusuli problema wamoWriliyo. rusebic, qarTvelebic, da yvela sxva xalxebi Tanabar pirobebSi imyofebian da erTi sazrunaviT cxovroben.

magram, yovelgvar moTminebas aqvs sazRvari. ofi-cialuri ruseTi sul ufro aqtiurad gvaxvevs Tavs Tav-is tons, moiTxovs „insinuaciebis“ Sewyvetas da „eTniku-ri rusebis dacvas“.

Tu ra saxis SeiZleba iyos es dacva, amaze gulaxdilad gamoTqva Tavisi azri amaswinel sesiaze sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgilem b. pastuxovma: „droa davicvaT afx-azeTSi mcxovrebi TiTqmis 100 aTasi rusis, da saqarTve-los teritoriaze mcxovrebi naxevari milioni rusis si-cocxle“. „Cven – Tqva Semdeg ministris moadgilem. – unda gamoviyenoT zegavlenis yvela saSualeba, TiTi davuqni-oT da Cveni mjiRis Zalac vanaxoT“.

mxolod ase, da ara sxvagvarad, ise, rogorc Tavis droze moldovaSi moxda.

swored am mizeziT gaxda axla aucilebeli mogmarToT Tqven da, uwinares yovlisa, vkiTxoT Cvens rus Tanamoqa-laqeebs: ra xsnaze an ra genocidze laparakoben mainc? iqneb droa, xma avimaRloT usircxvilo sicruis pasuxad: maS raRa unda vTqvaT sakuTar samSobloSi devnil aTaso-biT qarTvelze, afxazeTis teritoriaze barbarosulad daxocil aTobiT mSvidobian mcxovrebze?

Tavad istoriam ganapiroba da bedma ineba, rom saqa-rTvelo mSobliuri saxli gamxdariyo asiaTasobiT ru-sisaTvis, ise rogorc mravali sxva erovnebis adamianebi-saTvis. Cven valdebuli varT pasuxismgebloba vikisroT da vkisrulobT kidec imisaTvis, rom Tanabari Sesa-Zleblobebi SevuqmnaT yvelas, radgan samoqalaqo sazo-

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gadoebis saZirkveli, romelsac vaSenebT, iqneba ada-mianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis uzenaesoba, rac srulad Seesabameba saerTaSoriso aqtebs. am priorite-tis garantias viZleodiT, roca msoflio gaerTianebaSi SevdiodiT.

mtkiced gvaqvs gadawyvetili. saerTo ZalisxmeviT movawyoT Cveni saxli imaTTan erTad, romelmac gaakeTa arCevani da saqarTveloSi pova samSoblo, naTesaoba da megobrebi, vinc qarTvel xalxTan erTad iziarebs mis yve-la gasaWirs, da maSasadame momavlisaTvis saerTo pasux-ismgeblobasac.

gulwrfel madlobas vuxdiT yvelas vinc xedavs da afasebs keTil urTierTobas, vinc solidarobas gvicxa-debs, vinc ar wamoego provokaciebs, mxarSi amogvida, gaerTianda sxvadasxva erovnebis adamianTa mraval sazo-gadoebriv moZraobaSi samarTlianobis, da maSasadame, Tavisufali, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos dacvisaTvis.

am saerTo gzaze jer kidev bevri dabrkolebaa aRmar-Tuli, bevri obieqturi da subieqturi mizezi arsebobs, romlebic xels uSlis Canafiqris ufro mtkice da mizan-mimarTul ganxorcielebas. magram gvwams Cveni Svilebisa da SviliSvilebis ukeTesi mermisisa.

Cven vapirebT mSvidobiTa da TanxmobiT vicxovroT yvela mezobelTan da, raRa Tqma unda, ruseTTan. amitom yovelTvis viyaviT da varT ruseT-saqarTvelos urTier-TobaSi sxva memkvidreobiTobis – kulturuli kavSire-bis, sulieri urTierTobis, inteleqtualuri da saqmi-ani TanamSromlobis, yovelive imis memkvidreobiTobis momxre, romelic ruseTisa da saqarTvelos saukeTeso Svilebs naanderZevi tradiciebiT aris nakurTxi isto-riulad.

SemTxveviTi rodia, rom swored dRes, roca arsebiT-ad omis mdgomareobaSi varT, movuwodebT respublikis teritoriaze samsaxurSi myof ruseTis meomrebs aseve pasuxismgeblobiT gaakeTon arCevani. da, Tu survili eqnebaT, Cadgnen saqarTvelos armiis rigebSi, axla rom iqmneba. sadac maT yvela saWiro piroba SeeqmnebaT.

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saqarTvelos Tavisi saxelmwifoebriobis mTeli mra-valsaukunovani istoriis ganmavlobaSi arasdros pir-vels ar gamoucxadebia omi. arasdros ar uZebnia mtre-bi da aravisTvis ar uTqvams uari TavSesafarze. aseTia, sabednierod, zogjer ki misTvis saubedurod. am qveynis xasiaTi, misi genetikuri mentaliteti. aseTi iqneba igi kvlavac yvelasTvis, vinc CvenTan mSvidobiT mova.

e.­SevardnaZe.

1992­wlis­25­dekemberi.

droa,­xma­aRvimaRloT­usircxvilo­sicruis­pasuxad!­ /­e.­Sevard-naZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­26­dekemberi.­–­N262(541).­–­1,2­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe: Cven umZimesi weli ganvvleT, romelic istoriaSi Seva rogorc

yvelaze mniSvnelovani weliwadi demokratiuli mSeneblobis gzaze

28 dekembris radiointerviu

– me mgoni, msoflioSi bevri ar moiZebneba iseTi qveyana, romelsac erT weliwadSi imdeni mniSvnelovani Zvra da masStaburi movlena gadaetanos, rogoric saqa-rTvelos, – ganacxada saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmj-domarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem Tavis tradiciul radiointerviuSi komentator nato onianTan saubarSi. – albaT, esec saqarTvelos bedia, – Tqva man. – am movlenaTa marto CamoTvlac ki kmara, rom darwmunde, Tu raoden urTulesi periodi iyo igi Cveni qveynisaTvis, SarSandeli dekembris movlenebis Semdeg moxda saxelmwifo sabWos formireba, romlis mizanic iyo demokratiuli arCevnebis momzadeba da parlamentis arCeva. Semdeg daiwyo xelisuflebis formireba, Camoy-alibda mTavrobis struqturebi, airCies saxelmwifos meTauri. dadebiTi Zvrebi moxda cxinvalis zonaSi; win gadadgmuli nabijia, roca iq sisxli aRar iRvreba da Serigebaze vlaparakobT. wels daiwyo afxazeTis mov-lenebi, romlebic Tavs mogvaxvies Tavisi umZimesi Sede-gebiT, msxverpliTurT... erTi sityviT, vimeoreb, am mov-lenebis marto CamoTvlac ki mowmobs, rom umZimesi weli ganvvleT, romelic istoriaSi Seva rogorc yvelaze mniSvnelovani weliwadi erTiani demokratiuli saqarT-velos mSeneblobis gzaze da Cven am gzas sakmaod dama-jereblad davadeqiT. mjera, rom tkivilebi, romlebic Tan axlavs am gziT Cvens siaruls, aRar iqneba.

me, rogorc saxelmwifos meTaurma da mTavarsar-dalma, saqarTvelos yvela saministrosa da uwyebis xe-lmZRvanelTa winaSe davayene sakiTxi, rom yvelaferi gavakeToT afxazeTis da qalaq soxumis mosaxleobis da sa-jariso nawilebis ekonomikuri da socialuri pirobebis

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gasaumjobeseblad. soxumi ar unda mowydes saqarTve-los. mas unda hqondes sinaTlec, gaTbobac, transpor-tic, unda moqmedebdes rkinigzac. aseTi amocana dadga yvelas winaSe da guSinwin daiwyo samxedro operaciebi. rkinigzis moqmedeba aRdgenilia, eSelonebi daiZrnen. magram, samwuxarod, aris msxverpli, dagveRupnen Sesan-iSnavi adamianebi: maisuraZe, gelaSvili da sxvebi. minda Cemi guliTadi samZimari vuTxra maTs ojaxebs da Tuki es SesaZlebelia, minda igulon Cven maTTan erTad vglo-vobT vaJkacTa daRupvis gamo.

komentatoris SekiTxvaze, aris Tu ara mosalodneli 29 dekembers moskovSi saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris raime molaparakebisaTvis Sexvedra, romelzec parla-mentis wina sxdomaze iyo laparaki burusiTaa moculi da konkretulad raimes Tqma Znelia. jer saerTod araferi vicodiT mis Sesaxeb, mere batonma kitovanma miiRo ruseTis Tavdacvis ministris graCovis miwveva. magram ori dRea graCovs veZebdiT da ver mivakvlieT. rogorc Cans, igi 29-Si moskovSi ar iqneba. Cemi azriT, saerTod dialogi samxedro qonebis gayofis Sesaxeb saWiroa da unda gagrZeldes, magram rac Seexeba Sexvedras, romel-zec parlamentis sxdomaze iyo saubari, misi bedi jer gaurkvevelia.

Semdeg saubari Seexo im saSiSroebas, romelic Ses-aZloa mohyves ruseTis zogierTi wris mcdelobas, rom ruseTi kvlav asrulebdes Tavis Zvel rols, romelsac igi evropaSi asrulebda, roca am rolze vlaparakobT, amiT marto imis konstantacias ki ar vaxdenT, rac ruseTSi xdeba, aramed es ruseTis erTgvari gafrTxilebac aris, – Tqva eduard SevardnaZem – ra Tqma unda, ruseTs ar surs, rom aseTi misiiT moevlinos msoflios. es mas araviTar sargeblobas ar moutans, piriqiT. magram aseTi praqtika Tu mainc gagrZelda, igi ruseTs politikur izolaciam-de miiyvans... meorec, ruseTis am rolze saubriT vafrTx-ileb evropas, rom saWiroa sifxizle da demokratiuli Zalebis xelSewyoba. vimeoreb, me kvlav vrCebi im pozici-aze, rom gvinda viTanamSromloT ruseTTan, oRond iseT

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ruseTTan, romelic aRiarebs da uerTgulebs dRevande-li urTierTobis damaregulirebel da momwesrigebel saerTaSoriso standartebs. saqarTveloSi avRanizacia ar SeiZleba moxdes, aseTi saSiSroebis SemTxevevaSi Cven yvela movlenas Tavis saxels davarqmevT... magram iseTi winaTgrZnoba maqvs, rom ruseTis wreebi gaanalizeben saqarTvelosTan urTierTobas da ganaaxleben dialogs.

gasuli kviris movlenebze saubrisas, saxelmwifos meTaurma aRniSna, rom mniSvnelovan movlenad unda miv-iCnioT saxelmwifo jildoebis dawesebis faqti. es jil-doebi damsaxurebas ar daukargavs Cvens istoriaSi imaT, vinc axla ibrZvis samSoblos teritoriuli mTlianobi-saTvis da vinc misTvis brZolas Seewira. yvelas Tavisi unda miezRos, yvelam unda icodes, rom damsaxurebas sam-Soblo aravis ar daukargavs. bolo saukuneebis manZilze Cven pirvelad gveZleva saSualeba gvqondes erTiani saqa-rTvelos sakuTari jildoebi.

wina kviris meore mniSvnelovani movlena saxelmwi-fos meTaurTan sakonsultacio sabWos Seqmna iyo, masSi Sevidnen Rirseuli mamuliSvilebi, romelTa avtorite-ti sayovelTaod aris cnobili. Cven SevecadeT, rom masSi Sesuliyvnen saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi sxvadasxva erovnebis adamianebi. Cvens am nabijs dadebiTi gamox-maureba mohyva.

mesame movlena – es iyo cxinvalis regionis samTav-robo komisiis gamsvleli sxdomis gamarTva cxinvalSi, romelsac mTavrobis meTauri batoni sigua xelmZRvane-lobda. am sxdomis muSaobaSi 28 saministrosa da uwyebis xelmZRvaneli monawileobda. miRebulia damaimedebeli gadawyvetilebebi.

rac Seexeba Cvens saaxalwlo ganwyobas, rTulia axa-la amaze laparaki, radgan omianobis droa, magram axali weli mainc axali welia da Tuki xalxs bevriT verafriT gavaxarebT, imis minimumi mainc unda mivceT, rom axali weli aRniSnos. amis resursebi gamoiZebna da vecdebiT igi yvelas ergos... Tumca aris xalxi, romlebic Cvens gaWirvebas sakuTari miznebisTvis iyenebs. magram, roca

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eqsprezidentis momxreebze vlaparakobT, mgonia cotas vaWarbebT, radgan kacs, romelic cnobil teroristad aris aRiarebuli, ara mgonia mxardamWerebi hyavdes. ter-oristebi arsad aravis ar uyvars. samwuxarod, gvyavs eqs-tremistebi, magram esec kanonzomieria, radgan aseTi ram xdeba maSin, roca Zveli dro midis da axali modis. zogs muStis politika moswons, zogs Tanamdeboba unda, zogi moxveWaze ocnebobs. zogic ubralod axirebuli kacia. aseTi xalxi yovelTvis arsebobs. ar SeiZleba banditi, diversanti da mkvleli iyos demokratiuli mSeneblo-bis momxre. boroti Zala ufro iolad erTiandeba, vidre keTili, esec kanonzomierebaa. Tumca, sabednierod, sike-Tis momxre CvenTan gacilebiT metia da es udidesi miRw-evaa. yvela civilizebul saxelmwifoSi policia sazoga-doebis saimedo dasayrdeni Zalaa, imisTvis, rom kanoni kanonobdes. amitom saqarTvelo am mxriv gamonaklisi ar iqneba. policias yvelaferi unda hqondes am amocanis Ses-asruleblad, magram Cveni sazrunavi marto es ar aris. Cveni sazrunavia erTiani armiis Seqmna. male Cveni par-lamenti amasTan dakavSirebiT miiRebs dokumentTa wye-bas, romlebic erTiani armiis Seqmnis safuZveli gaxde-ba. amdeni msxverpli afxazeTSi imis bralia, rom ar aris Sekruli erTiani samxedro organizmi, Tqva dasasrul eduard SevardnaZem.

saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­umZimesi­weli­ganvvleT,­romelic­isto-riaSi­Seva­rogorc­yvelaze­mniSvnelovani­weliwadi­demokrati-uli­mSeneblobis­gzaze­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­de-

kemberi.­–­N263(542).­–­1­gv.

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eduard SevardnaZe:

es masala qveyndeba Cemi TxovniT, minda saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqem gaigos – rani varT da ras CavdivarT, rogor vWriT tots, romelzec vsxedvarT, rogor vanad-gurebT erovnul simdidres, romelic ara marto dRevan-del Taobas, Cven Svilebsa da SviliSvilebsac ekuTvniT.

aq CamoTvlili borotmoqmedebani mxolod nawilia imisa, rac saqarTveloSi, xdeba avtomagistralebze, qa-rxnebSi, fabrikebSi, transportze, vaWrobaSi da a. S.

aris ki gamosavali?aris! yvelam Tavisi saqme unda akeTos, xelisufleba

erovnuli simdidris dacvis saqmes unda Caudges saTave-Si, policieli Tavis saguSagoze unda agebdes pasuxs, ma-gram Tu yoveli moqalaqe Tavis moqalaqeobriv vals ar ixdis, damokidebuli da Tavisufali qveyana ar aSendeba.

iqneb, yvelam erTad vifiqroT da vizrunoT Cvens sat-kivarze, mis gankurnebaze.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­dekem-beri.­–­N263(542).­–­2­gv.

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saaxalwlo milocva

akaki wereTlis saxelobis sabavSvo fonds

gazeT „mSobliuri keris“ saSualebiT axal, 1993 wels, vulocavT respublikis bavSvTa saxlebis da skola-in-ternatebis aRsazrdelebs, pedagogiur koleqtivebs, mamaSvilurad vlocav da siyvaruliT mivesalmebi de-da-saqarTvelos erTianobisaTvis brZolaSi gmirulad daRupulTa Svilebs, romelTac oblobasa da martoobas arasodes agrZnobinebs Cveni eri.

warmatebas vusurveb saqarTvelos akaki wereTlis saxelobis sabavSvo fonds Tavisi keTilSobiluri miznebis ganxorcielebaSi.

Cveni qalaqebis, raionebis, saministroebis, warmoe-ba-dawesebulebaTa mesveurebs vTxov dauWiron mxari sa-bavSvo fondis RonisZiebebs oboli da mSobliur mzrun-velobas moklebuli bavSvebisaTvis daxmarebis saqmeSi.

imedi maqvs, Cveni saxelovani biznesmenebic, TavianTi didi winaprebis – zubalaSvilebis, sarajiSvilebis, xo-Stariebis da sxvaTa magaliTisamebr, xels gaumarTaven gaWirvebaSi Cavardnil norC Tvistomebs.

mSvidobiani da bednieri axali weli gagTenebodeT, Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno!

mSvidobiani da bednieri axali weli dasdgomodes sruliad saqarTvelos!

eduard­SevardnaZe.

saaxalwlo­milocva­:­akaki­wereTlis­saxelobis­sabavSvo­fonds­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­dekemberi.­–­N265(544).­–­1­gv.

450

eduard SevardnaZe: parlamentma bevri ram gaakeTa...

am wlis bolo sxdomaze

29 dekembris sxdomiT parlamentma daasrula saSe-modgomo sesia da saSobao ardadegebi daudga. sxdoma-ze sityva warmoTqva saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmj-domarem – saxelmwifos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem. man Tqva:

– dRevandeli sxdoma bolo Sexvedraa, parlaments ramdenime dRe Sesveneba eqneba. da Tumca am wlis bolo sxdoma garkveulad daZabul viTarebaSi mimdinareobs, mainc minda vTqva, rom Zalian mokle droSi Cvenma par-lamentma bevri ram gaakeTa, rac albaT, gauWirdeboda profesiulad ufro momzadebul parlamentebs. is, rac Cvens qveyanaSi xdeba, bunebrivad, yovel CvenganSi iwvevs Sinagan daZabulobas, nerviulobas, eWvianobasac, undob-lobis elementebsac. miuxedavad amisa, Cven mainc bevri movaxerxeT da is Zalisxmeva, energia, romelic daixarja arCevnebis momzadebisa da CatarebisaTvis, da Tu par-lamentis muSaobis Sedegebis mixedviTac vimsjelebT, vfiqrob, wyalSi Cayrili Sroma ar aris. parlamentma bevri gaakeTa, bevri iseTi kanoni miviReT, uromlisodac normalurad ver imuSavebda mTavroba, xelisufleba, maT Soris iseTi kanonebic, romlebic aucilebeli iyo Cveni ekonomikis pirveli nabijebisaTvis, elementaruli wes-rigis damyarebisaTvis. yvelafers samarTlebrivi baza sWirdeba da swored am bazis Seqmna daiwyo parlamentma.

ar minda meorexarisxovnad CavTvaloT parlamentis is damsaxurebac, rom dRes saqarTvelos kanonieri xe-lisufleba hyavs, ara marto parlamentis saxiT, aramed mTavroba, saxelmwifos meTauri, ministrebi... amas didi mniSneloba aqvs sadReisod da ufro metad Cveni perspeq-tivebis TvalsazrisiT.

amasTan erTad, gulaxdilad unda iTqvas, ver gavige zogierTi miniSnebani imis Sesaxeb, rom axlac iniSnebi-

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an Tanamdebobebze iseTi pirebi, romlebic xalxs sZulT. bevri ram aRelvebis fonzea naTqvami. ar minda, axla vin-mes SevekamaTo da arc axali diskusia wamoviwyo, magram, me mgoni, rom rac parlamentTanaa dakavSirebuli da mis daniSvnebTan, Cven ar SevmcdarvarT da iseTi aravin dagviniSnia, vinc xalxs aRizianebs, yovel SemTxvevaSi, – dResdReobiT.

pirveli informaciebi, romlebic axali ministrebi-sagan movismineT, imaze miuTiTebs, rom parlaments ara aqvs saqme seriozul SecdomebTan. am pirobebSi, rogorc ki SeiZleboda, SerCeva – Cveni rigebidan, TviTon parla-mentidan, parlamentis garedanac – ase Tu ise, normal-uri mTavroba Camoyalibda da progresuli, axleburad moazrovne xalxi movida romelTa mimarTac, Cemi az-riT, mosaxleobas pretenziebi ara aqvs. da Tu romelime Cvengani amas igrZnobs, vimeoreb, unda gveyos vaJkaco-ba, dawyebuli saxelmwifos meTauriT da damTavrebuli aparatis rigiTi muSakebiT, raTa adgili davuTmoT Rir-seulT, visac ufro ukeT gamouva saqme.

amitom mimaCnia, rom parlamentma mokle drois gan-mavlobaSi didi saqme gaakeTa. miuxedavad imisa, rom Cven vsayvedurobT erTmaneTs zogjer arakoreqtuli gamosv-lebis, zedmeti emociurobis gamo, mainc parlamentis saboloo gadawyvetilebebi gamarTlebulia. Cven mainc mivdiodiT, ase vTqvaT, konsensusamde, erTianobamde, uromlisodac parlaments aseT pirobebSi, omianobis pirobebSi, muSaoba ar SeuZlia.

da kidev erTi sakiTxi, romelsac gansakuTrebul mniS-vnelobas vaniWeb me, iseve, rogorc TiToeuli TqvenTa-gani. esaa is, rom ar aris kiTxvis qveS dayenebuli parla-mentis uzenaesoba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, es me ar migrZvnia. xolo Tu es ase aris da amis safrTxe gamoikveTa, maSin es specialuri msjelobis sagani unda gaxdes. me savse-biT gulwrfeli viyavi da darwmunebuli var imaSi, rom Cven saparlamento skola unda gaviaroT. Cven SevqmniT konstitucias yvelaze demokratiuli qveynebis gamoc-dilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Cveni istoriis, Cveni tradic-

452

iebis gaTvaliswinebiT, amis Semdeg SeiZleba saqarTvelo saprezidento respublika iyos, SeiZleba saparlamento iyos. es sxva ambavia. magram dRes, miuxedavad omianobi-sa da uZnelesi pirobebisa, naxevrad SimSilisa Tu mTli-anad SimSilobisa ara, Cven es Zneli skola mainc unda gaviaroT. rogori Znelic ar unda iyos es gza, xandaxan Cveni xasiaTebis organulad SeuTavseblobac ki, yovel mizezgareSe unda gaviaroT. sxvagvarad demokratiis srulyofisa da ganviTarebis meore etapamde Cven ver mi-valT.

me mgoni, Cveni muSaobis, vityodi cxovrebis mokle pe-riodi imas adasturebs, rom Cven, ase Tu ise, mivdivarT am gziT. mivdivarT wvalebiT, nabij-nabij, xandaxan es gza Zalian mtkivneuli da ekliania, magram mainc mivdivar da darwmunebuli var, rom kvlavac vivliT.

es mindoda gamomexata da meTqva, raTa axal Sexve-dramde ar davcildeT erTmaneTs im ganwyobilebiT, rom es fuWad daxarjuli dro aris. Cven seriozul saqmes vuyriT safuZvels, Zalian seriozul, Zalian saWiro, sax-valio da saSviliSvilo saqmes.

Tu axali wlis Sexvedraze aseT pirobebSi SeiZle-ba laparaki am TvalsazrisiT, TiToeuli Tqvengani Sei-Zleba, ase vTqvaT, sufTa sindisiT Sexvdes axal wels, radganac yovelma Tqvenganma gaakeTa imis maqsimumi, risi gakeTebac aseT rTul da Znel pirobebSi. axal gzaze dad-gomis pirobebSi SeiZleboda. imas rodi vambob, rom es mxolod valia ukve, rom yvelaferi gakeTda. es mxolod pirveli nabijebia.

minda, rogorc kolegebs, rogorc TanamebrZolebs mogmarToT madlierebis da madlobis sityvebiT TanamS-romlobisaTvis. maT Soris imaTac, romlebic saxelm-wifo meTaurs, samarTlianad Tu usamarTlod waartyamen xolme wkipurts, radgan uamisod saparlamento cxovre-ba ar arsebobs. esec skolaa, esec unda gaviaroT.

madlobas gwiravT TanamSromlobisaTvis, urTierT-gagebis atmosferos SeqmnisaTvis, romelic, ase Tu ise, Cveni parlamentis muSaobis ZiriTadi tendenciaa.

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roca saxelmwifos meTauri Seexo saqarTvelos re-spublikis savaldebulo samxedro samsaxurSi gawvevis kanonis ganxilvis sakiTxebs, man aRniSna: sasurveli iyo, rom Cveni muSaoba am kanonTan dakavSirebiT damTavrebu-liyo. rogorc savsebiT sworad iTqva, SeiZleba es ar aris srulyofili kanoni. Cven, ra Tqma unda, davubrundebiT ori-sami Tvis Semdeg am kanons, bevri ram gasaazrebeli iqneba, mudmivad ver vicxovrebT omianobis pirobebSi. araerTxel miTqvams da axlac vimeoreb, rom ar SeiZleba es omi gauTavebeli iyos da dadgeba dro, roca saSuale-ba gveqneba ufro akademiurad mivudgeT dokumentebis momzadebas, maT ganxilvas ar viCqarebT. samarTlianad gvsayveduroben, rom ase aCqarebis pirobebSi aseTi seri-ozuli kanonebis miReba cota Znelia da rTuli. SeiZleba adamianma uZilo Rameebic gaataros TiToeul debuleba-ze fiqrSi, magram, roca me SevTavaze komisiebsa da Tav-dacvis sabWos moemzadebinaT SemoetanaT es kanoni, mxed-velobaSi mqonda is rTuli pirobebi, romelSic Cven axla vcxovrobT. am kanonis gareSe cxovreba dRes SeiZleba da qveyana ar daiqceva Tu maSin miviRebT, roca ardadege-bidan dabrundebiT.

es Tqveni saqmea, magram me unda giTxraT im xalxis, im biWebis ganwyobilebis Taobaze, vinc Cven ver gagvigebs. Tu ram arakoreqtuli iTqva gvardiis, mxedrionis mimarT, an Tu arakoreqtuli daiwera. visac ar unda ex-ebodes es, yvelas magivrad parlamentis saxeliT vixdi bodiSs, unda giTxraT, rom bevri regularuli armia ver gauZlebs im gansacdelsac rasac axla es biWebi uZleben.

yvelas minda bodiSi movuxado: imisaTvis, Tu ram ukadrisi iTqva an parlamentSi, an sxvagan gvardiisa da mxedrionis, sxva qveganayofebis mimarT. im biWebis mimarT, vinc frontze ibrZola – da vinc maT exmareba da amzadebs – es ki ZiriTadi masa – da Tu isini axla gvisme-nen oCamCireSi an soxumSi, minda Tqveni saxeliT vuTxra: Cven TqvenTana varT.

vici, rom maT Zalian uWirT – axlaxan velaparake general kamkamiZes, baton jaba ioselians, paata daTu-

454

aSvils. gia yaryaraSvils ver davukavSirdi, rogorc ki kavSiri aRsdgeba, imasac davelaparakebi. guSin aq wa-moayenes winadadeba, rom iqneb soxumSi gamsvleli sesia gavmarToTo. soxumSic CavalT da oCamCireSic, arc erTi Cvengani ar Sedrkeba. Tu saWiroa qveynisa da samSoblos interesebisaTvis, Cven amas gavakeTebT. es Tqven gesmodeT biWebo! da nu miaqcevT yuradRebas imas, Tu sadme iseTi ram iTqva, rac guls gatkenT da risi Rirsic SeiZleba ar iyos bevri Tqveni TanamebrZoli.

kategoriulad ar veTanxmebi arc erT Cems kolegas, vinc raRac dapirispirebaze laparakobs policiasa, gvardiasa, mxedrionsa da samxedro formirebebs Soris. calkeuli incidentebi ojaxSic aris, or Zmas Sorisac xdeba xolme. swored raRac incidenti rom iyo, meore dResve 150 milicieli dairazma da gafrinda afxazeTSi. – da axla isini mowinave poziciebze gvardielebTan, mx-edrionelebTan, sxvebTan erTad ibrZvian oCamCireSi. nu SevqmniT mogonil winaaRmdegobebs, isedac gveyofa Cve-ni sirTuleebi da siZneleebi. dRes Cven mfrinavi gmiri davitireT. guSin ozurgeTis policiis ufrosi – erTi Tvis winaT daniSnuli kaci, romlis daniSvnasac mTeli raioni miesalma, mokles banditebma. masTan erTad daiR-upa ori miliciis muSaki, daiWra ramdenime kaci. gana es gmiroba ar aris, gana es fronti ar aris?

ramdenjerme Tqmula tribunidan, rom yovelRame miliciis erTi an ori muSaki iRupeba. guSinwinac ori kaci daiRupa TbilisSi. ase rom, nu SevqmniT am xelovnur dapirispirebas, xelovnur winaaRmdegobebs. saWiroa da xeli SevuwyoT sazogadoebaSi im azris formirebas, rom Cven armiac gvWirdeba da policiac. erTic Cveni da meo-rec, orive ganuyofelia Cveni sxeulisa, Cveni cxovrebisa da sicocxlisa.

Tqven savsebiT kanonier moTxovnebs ayenebT, rom jer CamovayaliboT armiis koncefcia, doqtrina. magram, gvy-ofnis ki dro. gavakeToT ise, rac saWiroa? me mainc mgo-nia, rom garkveuli saxiT es doqtrina saxelmwifo sabWo-

455

Si iyo warmodgenili da igi, ase Tu ise kargi safuZvelia, romelic gvaZlevs saSualebas SevqmnaT erTiani armia. es kanonic, romelic axla unda miviRoT, am doqtrin-is erT-erTi Semadgeneli nawilia. Cven cota sxva gziT mivdivarT, cxovreba gvaiZulebs miviRoT aucilebeli kanoni.

dRes aseTi azri gamoiTqva, gviTxariT, ramdeni ofi-ceri gvyavs an ramdeni oficeria saWiroo. es yvelaferi erTmaneTTanaa dakavSirebuli: oficeri imdenia saWiro, ramdensac jariskacTa raodenoba moiTxovs. 250 qarT-veli axalgazrda amTavrebs axla akademiebs sxvadasxva qveynebSi. Cven unda SegveZlos isini moviwvioT. magram rogor unda moviwvioT, roca ar viciT, rogori kontin-genti iqneba. me ar geubnebiT, rom Cven yvelaze Zlieri armia unda gvyavdes. SeiZleba xuTi aTasi kaci gvyavdes, SeiZleba oci aTasi, ocdaaTi aTasi. es, albaT, imis mixed-viT unda ganvsazRvroT, ra kontingenti iqneba gasawvevi. es imas sulac ar niSnavs, rom yvelas gagiwvevT. germani-aSi, magaliTad, samxedro movaleoba unda moixados mil-ionobiT adamianma, magram maTi Weri aris samasi aTasi kaci – samas aTas jariskacze metis ufleba germanias ar aqvs. Cvenc ase viqnebiT, albaT, da yvelas ar mouwevs armi-aSi samsaxuri. magram SeiZleba dadges dro, roca saWiro iqneba, yvelam aiRos iaraRi, visac SeuZlia iaraRis daW-era mSvidobianobis drosac ki. amitom megona, rom dRes am kanonis miRebas, principuli mniSvneloba eqneboda imisaTvis, rom warmodgena gvqonoda, ra kontingentTan gveqneboda saqme, ra raodenobis xalxi iqneboda. Tu ra kontingenti gveyoleba, imis mixedviT unda Camovayali-boT azri jarebis saxeobebze, amazec iqneba damokidebu-li is, Tu rodis gava ruseTis jari saqarTvelodan. nu ggoniaT, ruseTis xelmZRvaneloba iseT daTmobaze wava: samxedro-sahaero dacvas, agreTve sazRvarze xalxs da-tovebs da sxvas gaiyvans. ase ar iqneba, albaT, isinic Ta-vis interesebs gaiTvaliswineben. SegviZlia Tu ar Segvi-Zlia dRes sazRvris gaSiSvleba? sad gvWirdeba dRes

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kidev axali sazRvrebis, sasazRvro xazebis mSenebloba? yvelaferi es isev da isev damokidebuli iqneba imaze, Tu ra kontingenti gveyoleba.

is, rom axla Cven kontingenti ara gvayavs, jer erTi, moralurad moqmedebs, da meorec, is bazebi, romlebic Cven miviReT, ukve gaCanagebulia. axalcixeSi ruseTis armias sanimuSo divizia hyavda. rac gamosatani iyo, ga-movitaneT, iq sul raRac 50 kaci davtoveT. axla iq yve-laferi darbeuli da dangreulia, umjobesia Tavidan avaSenoT axali qalaqi, vidre iq Seiyvano xalxi. asea sam-trediaSi, savalalo mdgomareobaSia meriis aerodromi. niavdeba da Canagdeba kopitnaris unikaluri aerodromi, ase iqneba sxvebic.

Cven TandaTanobiT viRebT am qonebas. sadac movas-wariT gasawvevi kontingentis Seyvana, kerZod yofil merve polkSi, igi aTvisebulia. Tumca iq ar aris ide-aluri pirobebi, magram araferi daikarga da xalxi mzaddeba Cveulebrivi Sinagani jarebisaTvis. an goris satanko polki. rogorc ki gagviCnda kontingenti, Seviy-vaneT jariskacebi, teqnika, da dRes iq normaluri samxe-dro nawilia. da, rogorc ityvian, guli sagules gvaqvs. raRac rom garTuldes, is Tavis misias, Tavis amocanas Seasrulebs. amitom isev da isev vusvam xazs imas, rom Cven unda gvqondes warmodgena, ra kontingentTan gveqne-ba saqme, saomar viTarebaSi ra raodenobis xalxi aisxams iaraRs.

rac Seexeba gansaxilveli kanonis 27-e muxls, me pira-dad is yvelaze ufro misaRebad mimaCnda, Tumca veTan-xmebi imaTac, rom yvela qarTvelma axalgazrdam unda gaiaros savaldebulo samxedro samsaxuri. magram al-baT es Zneli iqneba imitom, rom vimeoreb, sul omianobis molodinSi xom ar viqnebiT. da roca koncefciaze vlapa-rakobT, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs aqtiuri neitraliteti. es ki imas niSnavs, rom Cven mSvidobismoyvare qveyana unda viyoT, yvela mezobelTan kargad unda vicxovroT da Cve-ni imedi mainc Cveni inteleqtualuri potenciali unda iyos – mecniereba, xelovneba, literatura da a. S.

457

Tavis sityvis dasasruls batonma eduard Sevard-naZem erTxel kidev mimarTa madlierebis sityvebiT par-lamentarebs nayofieri TanamSromlobisaTvis.

– minda mivmarTo madlobis sityvebiT mTels Cvens qveyanas, yvela ojaxs, – Tqva man – da vusurvo, rom aseTi axali weli ar ganmeorebuliyos, aseTi mZime, aseTi rTu-li, roca sixaruli sixaruls ar hgavs, axali weli – axal wels. darwmunebuli var, momavali weli saqarTvelosaT-vis, TiToeuli ojaxisaTvis, TiToeuli TqvenganisaTvis sxvanairi iqneba.

eduard­SevardnaZe:­ parlamentma­ bevri­ram­ gaakeTa...­ //­ saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­dekemberi.­–­N265(544).­–­1­gv.

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pirTa saZiebeli

aadvaZe valerian 100amaSukeli elguja 328, 331amaSukeli rezo 328amirejibi Wabua 70, 79, 403andreoti julio 393-398, 406, 420, 425, arZinba vladislav 164, 169, 171, 176, 179, 181, 211, 385aslanidi pavle 236aCba zurab 405axvlediani giorgi 317

bbaTiaSvili irakli 410baramiZe (deputati) [giorgi] 375batono aleqsandre! [baramiZe] 39beikeri [jeims a. (jim)] 62, 76, 114, 348beriZe vaxtang 328berZeniSvili merab 331bogomolovi igor 75 botia 172brazauskasi algirdas 395buaCiZe Tengiz 328butros butros gali (Rali) 168, 201, 221, 303, 354, 355buSi jorj 67, 114, 115, 124, 348, 353, 425

ggambarovi isa 69gamsaxurdia zviad (prezidentyofili, eqsprezidenti, yofili prezidenti) 95, 134, 136, 405gamyreliZe Tamaz 328gelaSvili 445genSeri hans-ditrix 48, 49, 54, 76, 315genSeri barbara 48, 54gvencaZe roman 80, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160giorgi mesame 53

459

goguaZe vaxtang 90, 96, 155gorbaCovi mixeil 340, 394, 425gordia (gordias kvanZi) 295gocaZe Temo 328graCovi pavle 211, 445gulua gia 404, 430

ddaviT IV aRmaSenebeli 289, 299, 331, 430daviTi (nikorwmindeli episkoposi) 328dalhofi giunter 53dante 298daraselia mixeil 61demireli suleiman 138, 139, 140, 144, 332diuma rolan 126

eelCibei abulfaz 389elcini boris 43, 75, 87, 92, 94, 101, 103, 104, 105, 125, 136, 146, 169, 195, 196, 205, 231, 244, 246, 269, 309, 320, 340, 385, 389, 397, 398, 399, 416, 424

vvaiczekeri rihard fon 54vaJa-fSavela 299virsalaZe eliso 187volski arkadi 320

zzankaliani murTaz 376zeikiZe daviT 157, 414zubalaSvilebi, Zmebi 449

TTurguT ozali 29, 335

460

iilia meore (kaTolikos-patriarqi) 34, 299, 367ioseliani avTandil 410ioseliani jaba 47, 73, 88, 134, 135, 158, 160, 250, 453

kkavsaZe sandro 73, 155, 156kamkamiZe anatoli 370, 453karmokovi x. 173kekeliZe korneli 317kitovani Tengiz 84, 155, 156, 158, 160, 175, 188, 211, 242, 250, 338, 339, 445klintoni uiliam jeferson (bil) 352, 361, 425kozirevi andria 43, 413, 417koivisto mauno 120kokovi v. 173kondratievi giorgi 97, 101kravCuki leonid 125kulumbegovi torez 60, 73

llabaxua zurab 188liuciferi 357lobJaniZe 212lominaZe givi (gia?) 428lomouri nodar 328lorTqifaniZe giga 328

mmaisuraZe 445giorgi maisuraZe 31maxaraZe zurab 328mefistofeli 357mamacaSvili Teimuraz 377marSania lorik 388maRraZe daTo 328maWavariani aleqsi 328

461

metreveli roin 30, 328meZmariaSvili leri 328miterani fransua 128monteskie 267

nnadareiSvili Tamaz 160, 387naTaZe nodar 412nasiZe sulxan 328nikolaiSvili Tengiz 28

ooniani nato 176, 193, 199, 239, 310, 318, 336, 349, 359, 364, 387, 402, 417, 419, 444

ppastuxovi boris 441patrikeevi v. o. 98petre iberi (iveri; fsevdo dionise areopageli) 297popiaSvili koba 328

JJirinovski vladimer 75, 185, 436

rrabini icxak 127reigani ronald 425ruso [Jan-Jak] 267ruckoi aleqsandre 99, 102

ssaviCevi v. 133salariZe daviT (daTo) 80, 154, 155salia konstantine 378saraliZe daviT 159sarajiSvili [daviT] 449sigua Tengiz 29, 75, 155, 158, 160, 188, 202, 212, 250, 362, 366, 380, 446

462

somaruga kornelio 172stalini ioseb 183

ttabiZe galaktion 299, 302, 356, 357, 358, 367ter-petrosiani levon 68

uurigaSvili besik 179

ffanjikiZe guram 328facacia oTar 80fridrix pirveli barbarosa 53

qqadagiSvili [irakli] 390qanTaria aleqsandre 328qeTevan wamebuli 331qobalia vaxtang (loTi) 337, 338qobalia jemal 337, 338qurdaZe mixeil 414

yyaryaraSvili giorgi (gia) 182, 188, 212, 240, 410, 454

SSalikaSvili jon (malxaz) 406SalikaSvili oTar 406SaniZe akaki 317SaniZe mzeqala 31SaSiaSvili Teimuraz (Temur) 78Sengelaia eldar 328SevardnaZe eduard (giorgi) 367Sinquba bagrat 55SoTa rusTaveli (rusTveli) 39, 297, 299Sulenburgi, (grafi) fon 53

463

CCarkviani jansuR 328, 329CeTini 138Cernomirdini viqtor stefanes Ze 416CikvaiZe [aleqsandre] 413Ciqovani galina 35Ciqovani simon 88, 89, 157, 192CxeiZe rezo 328

cciciSvili irakli 328cqitiSvili avTandil 240, 410

ZZaliZe armaz 378

wwereTeli giorgi 317wurwumia rusudan 328

WWavWavaZe ilia (marTali) 56, 57, 248, 299, 301, 302Wanturia giorgi (gia) 47

xxazalia zibert 159xaindrava ivliane 371, 412xarebaSvili galina 378xasbulatovi ruslan imranis Ze 91, 92, 93, 94, 97xoStariebi 449

jjefersoni Tomas 64, 267, 271jiqia sergi 317jorjaZe irakli 234

hheminguei 67

464

adgilis saZiebeli

aabaSa 137avnevi 161avRaneTi 82, 101, 344azerbaijani 69, 206, 220, 268, 286, 321, 348, 389azia 52, 63, 77, 83, 122, 134, 138, 140, 217, 281amerika 62, 63, 64, 66, 134, 145, 305, 348, 361, 366amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi (aSS) 62, 64, 66, 67, 114, 115, 227, 262, 268, 275, 282, 315, 346, 348, 352, 360, 396, 406 amierkavkasia 65, 98, 101, 122, 164, 169, 176, 183, 205, 212, 217, 220, 288, 410, 418amierkavkasiis federacia (federaciuli respublika) 183anqvabi (anquabi) aleqsandre 160afrika 63, 228, 397 afxazeTi 26, 45, 83, 152, 157, 160, 162-166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 176, 179-186, 188, 189, 191, 193, 194, 197, 199, 200, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 210, 211, 212, 220, 225, 231, 232, 237, 238, 239, 244, 245, 246, 269, 287, 290-294, 305, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 319, 320, 322, 327, 334, 337, 338, 344, 349, 350, 351, 354, 361, 362, 364, 370-373, 385, 387, 388, 390, 396, 397, 402, 403, 405, 409, 410, 413, 414, 418, 424, 427, 428, 434, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 444, 447, 454aRmosavleTi evropa 37, 51, 123, 256, 396aRmosavleTi saqarTvelo 153aWara 26, 83, 157, 306, 338axalgori 325axalcixe 456axlo aRmosavleTi 127

bbagrat Sinquba 55baTumi 363balkaneTi 123berlini 37, 51, 393bzifi 175, 239

465

biWvinTa 169, 239boni 51, 53bosnia 218bosforis srute 109bresti 51briuseli 212

ggagra 78, 170, 175, 189, 237-240, 242, 243, 244, 288, 290, 291, 312, 334, 371, 385gali 181, 334, 338ganTiadi 240, 242, 288, 334 gelaTi 297georgievski 366germania (germaniis federaciuli respublika) 37, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 212, 227, 268, 272, 315, 348, 360, 393, 425, 455 gori 91, 129, 324, 456grozno 192, 204, 205, 206, 338gudauTa 175, 176, 211, 239, 246, 291, 312, 362, 364, 410, 427 gulrifSi 305gumisTa 175, 428guria 26gurjistanis vilaieTi 317

ddagomisi 103, 104, 105, 110, 129dasavleTi evropa 122, 124, 396dasavleTi saqarTvelo 40, 42, 91, 160, 180, 192, 237, 242, 299, 419 didi britaneTi 272didi kavkasioni 67duSeTi325

eevrazia 120, 121evropa 37, 49-52, 63, 66, 76, 77, 83, 98, 106, 107, 108, 117-125, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 145, 195, 202, 212, 217, 219, 220, 221,

466

225, 226, 228, 231, 232, 241, 255, 256, 262, 268, 281, 282, 296, 305, 321, 347, 348, 355, 363, 370, 375, 393, 395, 396, 405, 445enguri 55, 181, 404erayi 74espaneTi 366eSera 175, 189, 199

vvarSava 120vaSingtoni 51vena 48, 50vindxuki 51

zzaarlandi 53zestafoni 363

TTbilisi 24, 25, 27, 30, 43, 44, 51, 53, 63, 66, 73, 80, 87, 88, 91, 94, 98, 100, 102, 104, 114, 115, 141, 153, 155, 160, 164, 169, 171, 173, 192, 197, 201, 209, 210, 217, 221, 231, 236, 237, 270, 298, 306, 308, 314, 315, 316, 317, 319, 322, 323, 332, 365, 371, 386, 403, 412, 414, 415, 419, 429, 432, 433, 438, 454Telavi 187, 440TeleTi 53TurqeTi 29, 66, 76, 77, 106, 134, 138-142, 144, 220, 268, 286, 288, 289, 293, 332, 335, 347, 348, 422TurqmeneTi 101, 321, 362TuSeTi 26

iiaponia 227, 272, 315, 348, 425imereTi 26inglisi 145, 315, 340irani 77, 220, 268, 286, 348, 363, 422israeli 77, 127, 268italia 393, 397, 398, 420, 424, 426

467

iugoslavia 312, 355, 359, 396, 418, 437iyalTo 297

kkavkasia 28, 58 , 65, 123, 139, 141, 143, 162, 164, 169, 173, 174, 176, 185, 195, 205, 206, 211, 217-221, 232, 233, 244, 245, 268, 270, 286, 291, 292, 294, 335, 339, 348, 353, 355, 359, 418, 436, 437, 440kaxeTi 26, 384kolxeTi 109koCara 385kulaSi 77

llanCxuTi 363leseliZe 156, 240, 242, 288, 371litva 394, 395londoni 298, 394

mmartvili 137mesxeT-javaxeTi 26moldaveTi (moldova) 441moskovi 24, 51, 53, 98, 169, 182, 186, 188, 189, 191, 194, 195, 200, 201, 202, 206, 211, 231, 232, 244, 245, 269, 294, 298, 305, 309, 312, 354, 365, 385, 388, 399, 410, 425, 434, 445mcire kavkasioni 67

nnamibia 51nikorwminda 328niu-iorki 145, 213, 231, 277, 294, 298, 399

oozurgeTi 454otava 51oCamCire 181 305, 371, 411, 428, 453, 454

468

ppalestina 216parizi 51, 108, 143, 185, 298poloneTi 256portugalia 367

rraWa-leCxumi 26ruseTi 43, 44, 47, 50, 74, 75, 87, 91-102, 104, 105, 124, 129-134, 136, 143, 146, 161, 165, 169, 170, 176, 179, 184, 185, 188, 189, 190, 195, 196, 199, 201, 204, 206, 211, 216, 220, 231, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 269, 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291, 293, 294, 295, 309, 312, 315, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324, 331, 334, 337, 339, 340, 347, 359-367, 370, 376, 385, 386, 389, 394, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 404, 405, 406, 409, 410, 411, 413, 416, 417, 418, 424, 427, 428, 433- 442, 445, 446, 455, 456rusTavelis prospeqti 25rusTavi 385, 403

s(sanqt-)peterburgi 202, 298saberZneTi 216sabWoTa kavSiri (ssrk) 26, 32, 36, 37, 44, 51, 82, 99, 101, 109, 120, 123, 146, 213, 218, 228, 310, 315, 375, 379, 393, 394, 396, 398, 413, 425samaCablo 26, 193, 295samegrelo 26, 137, 203, 204, 242, 313, 337, 429samtredia 456samurzayano 338samxreT oseTi 93, 100, 295sasaxle „finlandia“ 117safrangeTi 126, 128, 272, 315senaki 137, 157, 404svaneTi 26somxeTi 68, 180, 206, 220, 268, 286, 348soWi 131, 146, 175, 195, 211, 231, 269, 312soxumi 160, 161, 170, 171, 175, 188, 189, 199, 201, 210, 211,

469

238, 239, 240, 242, 305, 309, 313, 331, 334, 351, 362, 385, 403, 404, 405, 411, 412, 427, 428, 432, 436, 444, 445, 453, 454stamboli 106, 107, 123, 132, 298, 317stokholmi 424

ttajikeTi 218tyvarCeli 411, 412, 427

uukraina 47, 134, 220, 268, 286, 331, 360

ffazisi 297fineTi 120, 125, 140, 143foTi 40fsou 288fSav-xevsureTi 26

qqarTli 26qvemo qarTli 372quTaisi 157

yyabardo-balyareTis respublika 173, 174yazaxeTi 47yazbegi 129, 156, 325yarabaRi (mTiani yarabaRi) 123, 437yvareli 192yizlari 325yornisi 161

SSavi zRva 66, 106-109, 123, 139, 141, 228, 270, 288, 293, 335Savi zRvis auzi (SavizRvispireTi) 106, 109, 123, 139, 141, 228, 293

470

Sida qarTli 295Sua azia 122, 217

CCernobili 120CeCneTi 205, 359CexeT-slovakeTi [ CexoslovakeTi] 256Ciqovanis quCa 88, 89, 157, 192CrdiloeT (Crdilo) oseTi 74, 179, 295, 355CrdiloeT kavkasia (CrdiloeTkavkasiuri) 162, 173, 176, 211, 219, 220, 244, 245, 268, 286, 294, 339, 359, 436Cxorowyu 203, 313

ccxinvali 44, 60, 73, 74, 84, 89, 91, 93, 94, 95, 97, 129, 130, 131, 132, 152, 176, 193, 197, 295, 305, 312, 337, 339, 444, 446

wwalenjixa 203, 313wyaltubo 78

WWoroxi 142

xxobi 137, 155

jjeqson-houli 67

hhale 51, 315hamburgi 396helesponti 109helsinki 108, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 125, 130, 131, 132, 138, 143, 185, 195, 292, 413hiustoni 63

471

sagnobrivi saZiebeli

aantagonisturi klasi 57, 111aRmavloba 30, 32, 33, 35, 265, 317, 331 amerikis administracia 348amierkavkasiis samxedro olqi 98, 101, 164, 169, 288, 410anarqia 42, 46, 91, 224, 238, 285, 290agvistos putCi 99, 425anarqia, destabilizacia 42, 46, 91, 137, 177, 224, 238, 252, 279, 285, 286, 290, 404aRmosavleT evropis qveynebi 51, 123, 256

bbanditizmi 252, 279, 306berlinis kedeli 37, 51, 393bilis principebi 51blokada 59, 74, 75, 93, 136, 165, 228, 435

gganxeTqileba 33, 57, 121 geopolitikuri centri 66germaniis „aRmosavleTis politika“ 49germaniis gaerTianeba 51, 393gaerTianebuli erebis organizacia 74, 98, 122, 129, 145, 146, 147, 148, 168, 193, 201, 210, 213, 214, 219, 221, 222, 224, 227, 228, 229, 232, 233, 241, 249, 265, 267, 268, 270, 292, 294, 294, 303, 340, 351, 354, 359, 295, 417

d„demokratiuli reformebis moZraoba“ 99„dominos efeqti“ 50damoukidebloba 31, 32, 33, 51, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 76, 114, 119, 128, 138, 142, 145, 147, 148, 188, 190, 194, 217, 249, 251, 276, 286, 310, 353, 355, 381, 382, 387, 394, 395dasavleTis qveynebi 26destruqciuli Zalebi 60, 124, 143

472

destabilizacia 137, 177, 252, 279, 286, 290, 404demokratia, demokratiuli 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 41, 47, 49, 52, 58, 63, 64, 68, 69, 72, 73, 82, 83, 84, 87, 89, 90, 91, 94, 96, 98, 99, 105, 106, 110, 114, 117, 119, 120, 122, 125, 131, 133, 134, 140, 144, 146, 148, 149, 152, 158, 164, 166, 167, 179, 185, 186, 187, 193, 196, 201, 209, 214, 216, 219, 220, 226, 227, 229, 231, 233, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255, 265, 266, 267, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278, 286, 288, 292, 299, 300, 302, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 313, 315, 316, 318, 320, 327, 332, 335, 336, 340, 342, 343, 344, 347, 348, 352, 361, 369, 374, 376, 378, 385, 388, 389, 394, 395, 396, 398, 399, 400, 423, 438, 444, 445, 447, 451, 452deklaracia suverenitetis Sesaxeb 87demokratiuli arCevnebi 72, 146, 149, 444demokratiuli gardaqmna 41, 110, 219, 267deputatTa jgufi „soiuzi“ 436dislocirebuli jarebi 44, 364, 434

e„erovnuli xsnis komiteti“ 339`energetika~ 384evropelebi 49, 52ekonomika 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 42, 53, 57, 58, 63, 70, 71, 79, 106, 112, 134, 141, 180, 194, 226, 247, 248, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 279, 280, 281, 282, 295, 296, 311, 330, 346, 347, 377, 383, 398, 406, 414, 450ekonomikuri qaosi 32eris gaTiSva 33eris erToba 30, 32, 34, 35erovnebaTSorisi 23, 42, 45, 46, 195, 215erovnuli biznesi 35erovnuli gaTiSuloba 32erovnuli suli 32, 111erovnuli Tanxmoba 148, 149erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba 250erovnul-kulturuli wyoba 45

473

erovnul-demokratiuli partia 47erovnuli gvardia 97, 100, 180ekonomikuri krizisi 34, 213, 226, 248, 254, 265eTnokonfliqtebi 222, 223, 249, 286, 290, 291

vvai-patriotizmi 176

TTavdacvis samTavrobo komisia 45, 151, 188, 446Tavisufali arCevnebi 333, 388Tavisufali sabazro ekonomika 63, 112, 141, 197, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 263, 265, 267, 280, 281 282, 330, 346, 377, 383, 414Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti 30, 34Tavisufali mewarmeoba 257Tavisufleba 32, 36, 58, 62, 64, 98, 114, 116, 118, 119, 128, 131, 138, 142, 146, 150, 151, 194, 216, 226, 229, 251, 252, 253, 265, 266, 267, 271, 273, 276, 286, 288, 292, 310, 311, 315, 342, 343, 346, 352, 394, 395, 422, 423, 432Tanamegobroba 23, 43, 44, 50, 69, 136, 145, 146, 147, 148, 256, 285, 301, 355, 360Tavdacvis saministro 82, 150, 287, 409

iiunesko 297, 328 iusticiis saministro 264istoriis ulmobeli borbali 37informaciuli omi 199

kklasobrivi omebi, brZola 56, 215kompresia 51komunisturi partia 99kompromisebis politika 52koncefcia 31, 42, 123, 251, 266, 267, 268, 275, 277, 285, 287, 298, 454, 456

474

konfliqti 40, 44, 45, 50, 52, 65, 66, 80, 91, 92- 101, 106, 108, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 129, 130, 131, 132, 136, 139, 141, 143, 146, 152, 160, 168, 170, 171, 173, 176, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 190, 195, 210, 211, 214, 215, 217, 218, 219, 220, 222, 223, 231, 232, 233, 238, 244, 248, 252, 267, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 308, 312, 337, 339, 354, 355, 364, 366 371, 385, 388, 395, 396, 410, 411, 412, 424, 433, 434, 435, 436

m`mrewveloba~ 33, 264, 287, 402mravalpartiuloba 275, 311mesianuri ideologia 64mkvdreTiT aRdgoma 56monografia 39moraluri da fizikuri terori 41msoflio omi 51msoflio civilizacia 25, 256, 268, 271, 296, 301, 327msoflios ukanaskneli imperia 37msoflmxedveloba 26, 47, 134, 343, 367, 420, 421mxedrionis kriminaluri jgufebi 81, 82, 157, 250, 290, 453, 454mitingi 84, 85, 150, 154, 238, 242, 319, 322, 324ministrTa kabineti 268, 278, 374, 375, 379, 380, 386, 429

nnato 122, 123, 124, 212, 241, 288, 289, 292, 320, 366, 395, 396

oormagi moqalaqeoba 270osi eqstremistebi 95opozicia 272, 284, 289

ppatriotizmi 23, 46, 53, 289polaruli azrebi 46politikuri miznebi 42, 59politikuri sarfianoba 46

475

politikuri stabiluroba 30, 33, 34, 209politikuri Zala 34, 40, 150, 208, 273, 274, 366postkomunisturi xana 50provokacia 98, 104, 175, 442

rrealisturi politika 394reaqciuli Zalebi 97, 201, 240, 246, 249, 252, 294, 394, 400, 424rezolucia 102, 136, 210, 294, 320, 354referendumi 184, 232, 252, 284, 398, 399, 405, 408, 436ruseTis imperia 216rusTvelologiuri 39

ssabWoTa kavSiri 32, 37, 51, 99, 109, 120, 213, 218, 227, 310, 315, 375, 379, 394, 396, 398, 425,sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebi 26, 36, 123, 146, 393, 394, 413sagareo-politikuri 28samagido wigni 39sarwmunoebrivi SuRli 65saxalxo-sameurneo kompleqsi 32saxelmwifo sabWo 29, 32, 33, 34, 40, 41, 42, 48, 60, 62, 64, 68, 69, 70, 72, 75, 79, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 97, 100, 103, 104, 105, 106, 111, 116, 119, 120, 132, 137, 138, 139, 140, 145, 148, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 171, 172, 175, 176, 178, 179, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 212, 213, 231, 232, 233, 237, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 252, 257, 258, 272, 273, 276, 278, 280, 282, 288, 300, 303, 307, 308, 309, 321, 326, 330, 341, 351, 444, 454socialuri krizisi 56, 248, 286socialuri harmonia 57saerTaSoriso Tanamegobroba 145, 256saqarTvelos respublikis mTavroba 48, 359saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministro 383

476

saqarTvelos finansTa saministro 330, 382sayovelTao-saxalxo arCevnebi 375saqarTvelos respublikis xelisufleba 149, 151saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaes sasamarTlo 278saqinformi 35, 378sabotaJi 242, 252saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademia 30, 61, 85, 247, 251, 262, 266, 295, 297, 298, 385savaldebulo samxedro samsaxuri 453, 456saxelmwifo suvereniteti 87, 288saxalxo fronti 197, 389saxelmwifo gadatrialeba 151, 372 samxedro sazRvao Zalebi 108, 109suverenuli saqarTvelo 299, 300

t„transkavkasiis meqanizmi“ 65, 123totalitarizmi 37, 45, 64 totalitaruli reJimi 64, 120, 271, 397, 430teritoriuli mTlianoba 125, 142, 143, 195, 200, 220, 224, 271, 273, 286, 387, 436, 446

uukanono samxedro formireba 244uzenaesi sabWos sesia 171, 231uzurpacia 57, 407utopia 58

ffraqcia „soiuzi“ 436

qqartexilTa okeane 62qarTuli jari 182, 288, 289, 290, 364, 370, 410qarTuli gvardia 170qarTveli eri 250, 281, 296, 299, 301, 328, 332

477

yyofili kavSiris qveynebi 43, 94, 226

SSeiaraRebuli konfliqti 123, 179, 214, 217, 337Sinauri konfrontacia 28

ccivi omi 49, 117, 214, 221, 222, 353, 394, 397, 400, 406, 423, 425centraluri saarCevno komisia 247, 318

ZZmaTa SuRli 33

xxalxTa TviTgamorkvevis ufleba 440

hhumanuri 25, 57, 58, 105, 158, 179, 271, 285, 286, 332, 411, 435

478

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7.­ kedlis­ aqeTa­ mxares­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­aprili.­–­N53­(326).­–­1­gv.­

8.­ werili­ iubilars­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­aprili.­–­N54­(327).­–­3­gv.­

9.­ „SeiZleba­ wavago­ kidec,­ magram­ saqarTveloSi­ ardabruneba­ ar­SemeZlo“­ :­ aTi­ kiTxva­ eduard­ SevardnaZes­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­aprili.­–­N59­(338).­–­2­gv.­

10.­baton­ eduard­ SevardnaZis­ sityva,­ warmoTqmuli­ baton­ hans-ditrix­genSeris­pativsacemad­gamarTul­sadilze­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­aprili.­–­N60(339).­–­1­gv.­

11.­saiubileo­ misalmeba­ bagrat­ Sinqubas­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­maisi.­–­N86­(365).­–­1­gv.­

12.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ mjera,­ aRorZindeba­ saqarTvelo!­ /­SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 26­ maisi.­ –­N88(367).­–­1­gv.­

479

13.­cxinvali,­ baton­ torez­ kulumbegovs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­26­maisi.­–­N88(367).­–­1­gv.­

14.­milocva­ :­ mixeil­daraselias­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­26­maisi.­–­N88(367).­–­5­gv.­

15.­sadili­ sapatio­ stumris­ pativsacemad­ :­ eduard­ SevardnaZis­sityva­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­maisi.­–­N90(369).­–­1,2­gv.­

16.­mis­ aRmatebulebas,­ somxeTis­ respublikis­ prezidents­ baton­levon­ ter-petrosians­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­maisi.­–­N93­(372).­–­1­gv.­

17.­mis­ aRmatebulebas,­ azerbaijanis­ respublikis­ prezidentis­movaleobis­ Semsrulebels­ baton­ isa­ gambarovs­ /­ eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 30­ maisi.­ –­ N93­(372).­–­1­gv.­

18.­erovnuli­ mSvidoba,­ Tanxmoba,­ Serigeba­ ganyenebuli­ sityvebi­aRar­aris­/­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­6­ivnisi.­–­N98­(377).­–­1,2­gv.­

19.­momavlis­ garantad­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­ivnisi.­–­N103­(382).­–­2­gv.­

20.­qarTveli­ xalxis­ mtrebma­ saqarTvelos­ esroles,­ esroles­muxanaTurad!­ /­ eduard­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­16­ivnisi.­–­N104­(383).­–­1­gv.­

21.­r.­xasbulatovis­gancxadeba­ganmarta­saqarTvelos­respublikis­saxelmwifo­sabWos­Tavmjdomarem­ /­eduard­SevardnaZe­ //­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivnisi.­–­N105-106­(384-385).­–­1­gv.­

22.­raoden­patarac­unda­iyos­saqarTvelo,­igi­aravis­ar­miscems­uflebas,­ rom­ elaparakos­ imperiuli­ diqtatis­ eniT!­ /­ eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivnisi.­–­N105-106­(384-385).­–­1­gv.­

23.­xorcieldeba­ uSualo­ agresia­ saqarTvelos­ winaaRmdeg­ /­eduard­SevardnaZe­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­20­ivnisi.­–­N110­(389).­–­1­gv.­

24.­Cven­ yvelani­ pasuxismgebeli­ varT­ momavlis­ winaSe.­ Tu­sakuTari­ TavisaTvis­ ara,­ Cveni­ xalxebis­ gulisTvis­ unda­davfiqrdeT­ imaze,­ Tu­ ra­ pasuxis­ gacema­ mogviwevs­ maTTvis.­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­ivnisi.­–­N111(390).­–­1­gv.­

480

25.­saxelmwifo­ sabWos­ Tavmjdomaris­ interviu­ saqarTvelos­televizias­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­ivnisi.­–­N114­(393).­–­1­gv.­

26.­saqarTvelos­ respublikis­ saxelmwifo­ sabWos­ Tavmjdomaris­eduard­ SevardnaZis­ mimarTva­ saqarTvelos­ mosaxleobisadmi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­ –­25­ivnisi.­ –­N114(393).­–­1­gv.­

27.­saqarTvelos­ respublikis­ saxelmwifo­ sabWos­ Tavmjdomaris­eduard­ SevardnaZis­ gancxadeba­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­ivnisi.­–­N114­(393).­–­1­gv.­

28.­gadarCenis­ gza­ Tanamoqmedebasa­ da­ TanamSromlobaSia­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­ivnisi.­–­N116­(395).­–­1­gv.­

29.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­„didi­madloba­Tbiliselebs,­mTlianad­qar-Tvel­ xalxs,­ gansakuTrebiT­ ki­ axalgazrdobas!“­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­ivnisi.­–­N117­(396).­–­1­gv.­

30.­gadavarCinoT­qarTuli­kultura­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­ivlisi.­–­N118-119­(398).­–­1­gv.­

31.­amerikis­SeerTebuli­Statebis­prezidents,­mis­aRmatebulebas­baton­jorj­ buSs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­4­ivlisi.­–­N121­(400).­–­1­gv.­

32.­qarTuli­ mwerlobis­ kidev­ erTi­ aRiareba­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­ivlisi.­–­N121­(400).­–­3­gv.­

33.­saqarTvelo­ kisrulobs­ valdebulebas­ imoqmedos­ mxolod­ da­mxo­lod­ Tanxmobis­ safuZvelze­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­ivlisi.­–­N126­(405).­–­1­gv.­

34.­samZimari­:­aravis­Tavdadeba­da­Rvawli­ukvalod­ar­Caivlis...­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­ivlisi.­–­N127­(406).­–­1­gv.­

35.­Cven­ avaSenebT­ demokratiul­ saxelmwifos!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­11­ivlisi.­–­N127­(406).­–­1,2­gv.­

36.­mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ rolan­ diumas,­ safrangeTis­respublikis­ saxelmwifo­ ministrsa­ da­ sagareo­ urTierTobis­ministrs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.­

37.­mis­ aRmatebulebas­baton­icxak­rabins,­ israelis­saxelmwifos­premier-ministrs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.­

481

38.­mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ fransua­ miterans,­ safrangeTis­respublikis­ prezidents­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­14­ivlisi.­–­N128­(407).­–­1­gv.­

39.­qveynisa­da­xalxis­bedze­pasuxismgeblobis­SegnebiT­/­SevardnaZe­­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­ivlisi.­–­N131(410).­–­1gv.

40.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­meored­mosvla­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­18­ivlisi.­–­N132­(411).­–­2­gv.­

41.­molodinis,­ erTobis,­ Serigebis­ mZime­ dReebi­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­24­ivlisi.­–­N136­(415).­–­1­gv.­

42.­Sexvedra­ saqarTvelos­ saxelmwifo­ sabWoSi­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­ivlisi.­–­N143­(422).­–­2­gv.­

43.­sadili­ sapatio­ stumris­ pativsacemad­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­ivlisi.­–­N143(422).­–­2­gv.­

44.­daixsomeT­es­dRe!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­agvisto.­–­N144(423).­–­1gv.­

45.­samoqalaqo­ mSvidobisa­ da­ erovnuli­ Tanxmobis­ damkvidrebis­mizniT!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 5­agvisto.­–­N147(426).­–­1­gv.­

46.­am­ dReebSi­ wydeba­ Cveni­ yofna-aryofnis­ sakiTxi!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­agvisto.­–­N153­(432).­–­1­gv.­

47.­eduard­SevardnaZem­mouwoda­afxazebs,­qarTvelebs,­yvelas­–­ar­dauSvan­mdgomareobis­garTuleba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­agvisto.­–­N155­(434).­–­1­gv.­

48.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­afxazi­xalxis­erovnul­interesebs­safrTxe­ar­moelis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­18­agvisto.­–­N156­(436).­–­1­gv.­

49.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ yvelas­ mokavSire­ viqnebi,­ vinc­ saqarTvelos­sikeTisaTvis,­demokratiisaTvis­ibrZvis!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­agvisto.­–­N161­(440).­–­1,2­gv.­

50.­gaeros­ wevrebs­ Soris­ gasavrceleblad­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­agvisto.­–­N161­(440).­–­1­gv.­

51.­saubedurod,­ yvela­ Cveni­ cda­ –­ qvakuTxedad­ davayenoT­politikuri­ dialogi­ –­ jerjerobiT­ pozitiuri­ gamoxmaurebis­gareSe­rCeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­agvisto.­–­N163­(442).­–­1­gv.­

52.­eduard­SevardnaZis­gancxadeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­agvisto.­–­N163­(442).­–­1­gv.­­

482

53.­Rrma­ sinanulTan­ erTad­ guliTadi­ madloba­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­agvisto.­–­N165(444).­–­1­gv.­

54.­Tavidan­ aviciloT­ didi­ omi­ kavkasiaSi­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­agvisto.­–­N165­(444).­–­1­gv.­

55.­Cveni­ymawvilebis­quCebSi­gamofena­ki­ar­gaarTulebs­mdgomareobas,­aramed­ gaalamazebs­ Cvens­ yofas!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­seqtemberi.­–­N166–167­(446).­–­1­gv.­

56.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­aseT­omebSi­veravin­ver­imarjvebs­–­yvela­marcxdeba­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­seqtemberi.­–­N170(449).­–­2­gv.­

57.­Telavis­musikaluri­festivalis­monawileebs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­5­seqtemberi.­–­N171­(450).­–­1­gv.­­

58.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­sruli­safuZveli­gvaqvs­movTxovoT­yvelas,­maT­Soris­afxazeTis­xelmZRvanelebsac,­rom­Seasrulon­moskovSi­ xelmowerili­ xelSekruleba­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­8­seqtemberi.­–­N172(451).­–­1,2­gv.­

59.­ganuxrelad­ Sesruldeba!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­8­seqtemberi.­–­N172(451).­–­1­gv.­

60.­„es­ gansakuTrebiT­ mniSvnelovania­ dRes“...­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­seqtemberi.­–­N176–177(456).­–­1­gv.­

61.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ im­ nawilebis­ winaaRmdeg,­ romlebic­ ar­daemorCilebian­ SeTanxmebis­ moTxovnebs­ afxazeTSi,­ Zala­ iqneba­gamoyenebuli...­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­seqtemberi.­–­N178(457).­–­1,2­gv.­

62.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ arCevnebzea­ axla­ damokidebuli­ Cveni­xalxisa­ da­ Cveni­ qveynis­ bedi­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ saqarTvelos­saxelmwifo­sabWos­prescentri­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­seqtemberi.­–­N187–188(467).­–­1­gv.­

63.­me­ aq­ Camovedi,­ raTa­ saqarTvelosTvis­ ar­ damekarga­dResdReobiT­ erTaderTi­ Sansi­ –­ memcno­ msofliosTvis­ Cemi­qveynis­imedebi­da­zraxvani,­meTqva­simarTle­da­uarmeyo­sicrue­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­seqtemberi.­–­N194–195(474).­–­1,2­gv.­

64.­dadga­dro,­rom­davadginoT­faqtebi,­mivceT­Sefaseba­yovelive­imas,­rac­moxda­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­30­seqtemberi.­–­N196-197­(476).­–­1,7­gv.­

483

65.­rogor­sWirdeboda­igi­Tavisufal­saqarTvelos!­/­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­oqtomberi.­–­N198-199­(478).­–­1­gv.­

66.­SeWirvebuli­ moyvasis­ erTguli,­ uRalato­da­ saimedo­ Semwe­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­oqtomberi.­–­N200­(479).­–­1­gv.­

67.­samZimris­ depeSa­ pavle­ aslanidis­ ojaxs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­oqtomberi.­–­N200­(479).­–­1­gv.­

68.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ Cveni­ diagnozi,­ rom­ saqarTvelos­winaaRmdeg­ SeTqmulebasTan­ gvaqvs­ saqme,­ gagraSi­ momxdarma­movlenebmac­ daadastura­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­6­oqtomberi­–­N203­(482).­–­1,2­gv.­

69.­ruseTis­ federaciis­ prezidents­ baton­ boris­ elcins­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­6­oqtomberi­–­N203­(482).­–­2­gv.­

70.­eduard­SevardnaZis­preskonferencia­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­7­oqtomberi­–­N204­(483).­–­1­gv.­

71.­vaSenoT­ axali,­ demokratiuli­ saqarTvelo­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­oqtomberi.­–­N210–211(490).­–­1,2,3,4,5­gv.­

72.­gaeros­ generalur­ mdivans­ mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ butros­butros­galis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­oqtomberi.­–­N210–211(490).­–­7­gv.­

73.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ xvalidan­ yvelam­ unda­ igrZnos­ udidesi­pasuxismgebloba­ qveynis­ momavlisaTvis­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­oqtomberi.­–­N212–213(492).­–­1,5­gv.­­

74.­axla­Zalze­mniSvnelovania­gavamarTloT­imedebi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­13­oqtomberi.­–­N212–213(492).­–­1­gv.­

75.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­yvelas­erTi­didi­mdinareRa­dagvrCa­gadasacuri­ da,­ mjera,­ erTad­ gadavcuravT­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­20­oqtomberi.­–­N215­(494).­–­1,2­gv.­

76.­qarTulad­gamoica­„Cemi­arCevani“­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­21­oqtomberi.­–­N216­(495).­–­1­gv.­

77.­axali­ saqarTvelos­ saamayod!­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­oqtomberi.­–­N217­(496).­–­1­gv.­

484

78.­Zlieri­ parlamenti­ ar­ gamoricxavs­ Zlier­ xelisuflebas­ /­Sevar­dnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­oqtomberi.­–­N221(500).­–­1,2­gv.­

79.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ ruseTis­ jaris­ saqarTvelodan­ gayvana­normaluri,­civilizebuli­gziT­unda­gadawydes­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­oqtomberi.­–­N221(500).­–­1,2­gv.­

80.­qveynisTvis­am­Znelbedobis­Jams­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­27­oqtomberi.­–­N221(500).­–­1­gv.­

81.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­qarTuli­kultura­yoveldRiuri­zrunvis­sagani­unda­ iyos­da­ iqneba­ kidec­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­28­oqtomberi.­–­N222(501).­–­2­gv.­

82.­mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ suleiman­ demirels,­ TurqeTis­respublikis­ premier-ministrs­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.­

83.­Sexvedrebi­ axalgazrdobasTan­ sistemur­ xasiaTs­ miiRebs­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.

84.­Cveni­erToblivi­Zalisxmeva­ueWvelad­keTil­nayofs­gamoiRebs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­oqtomberi.­–­N223(502).­–­1­gv.­

85.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ axla­ saWiroa,­ rac­ SeiZleba­ swrafad­dakompleqtdes­ xelisufleba,­ parlamentis­ struqturebi­ da­dauyovnebliv­SevudgeT­CvenTvis­saarsebo­sakiTxebis­gadawyvetas­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­3­noemberi.­–­N225(504).­–­1­gv.

86.­qveynis­gaTavisufleba­ar­aris­martooden­droSis­aRmarTva­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­5­noemberi.­–­N227(506).­–­1,2­gv.­

87.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ Cven­ yvelaferi­ unda­ viRonoT­ imisTvis,­rom­ Rirseulad­ gamovideT­ afxazeTis­ omidan,­ romelSic­ amdeni­xalxi­iRupeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­noemberi.­–­N231(510).­–­1,3­gv.

88.­baton­bil­klintons­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.­

89.­baton­jorj­buSs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.­

485

90.­gaerTianebuli­erebis­generalur­mdivans­mis­aRmatebulebas­b-n­butros­butros­galis­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­noemberi.­–­N233(512).­–­1­gv.­

91.­maradiuli­poezia.­ asi­wlis­galaktion­tabiZe­ /­ SevardnaZe­ e.­ ;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­noemberi.­–­N236(515).­–­1­gv.­

92.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ msofliom­ jer­ kidev­ ver­ gaigo,­ ras­niSnavs­ eqstremizms­ Serwymuli­ separatizmi.­ am­ movlenas­ verc­ruseTSi­misces­saTanado­Sefaseba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­noemberi.­–­N236(515).­–­1,2­gv.­

93.­eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ saqarTvelos­ dRes­ mravalprofiliani­politika­sWirdeba­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­ //­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­25­noemberi.­–­N241(520).­–­1,2­gv.­

94.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­Tu­xeli­ar­gavanZrieT,­araferi­gveSveleba­//­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­1­dekemberi.­–­N245(524).­–­1­gv.­

95.­ikvaleba­ qarTuli­ gza­ demokratiisaken­ /­ SevardnaZe­ eduard­;­ [Caiwera]­ xarebaSvili­ galina,­ ZaliZe­ armaz­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­2­dekemberi.­–­N246(525).­–­1,2­gv.­

96.­radikaluri­gardaqmnebis­gziT­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­4­dekemberi.­–­N248(527).­–­1,2­gv.­

97.­eduard­SevardnaZe:­afxazeTis­avtonomia­unda­iyos­namdvili,­realuri,­ xolo­misi­ xelisufleba­–­Tavisufali­gziT­arCeuli­ /­SevardnaZe­e.­;­saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­8­dekemberi.­–­N250(529).­–­1­gv.­­

98.­redaqciisagan:­ Tavdacvis­ fondis­ angariSia:­ 000700409­ –­saqarTvelos­respublikis­bankis­saoperacio­sammarTvelo,­mfo­–­521006.­

99.­gamocxaddes­saxalxo­moZraoba­Tavdacvis­fondis­Sesaqmnelad!­­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­saqarTvelos­parlamentis­prescentri­//­saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­10­dekemberi.­–­N252(531).­–­1­gv.­

100.­ dialogi­:­saqarTvelo­–­italia­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­dekemberi.­–­N253(532).­–­1,2­gv

101.­ Cven­ gulgrili­ ver­ viqnebiT­ imis­ mimarT,­ rac­ ruseTSi­xdeba­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­12­dekemberi.­–­N253(532).­–­1­gv.­

102.­ eduard­ SevardnaZe:­ afxazi­ separatistebi­ namdvilad­iyvnen­ SeTqmuli­ mixakisfer­ moZraobasTan­ da­ maTi­ aliansi­ eWvs­

486

aRar­iwvevs­/­SevardnaZe­e.­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­15­dekemberi.­–­N254(533).­–­1,2­gv.­

103.­ eduard­SevardnaZe:­arcerTi­nabiji­ar­unda­gadaidgas­Cveni­erovnuli­ interesebis­ sawinaaRmdegod­ /­ e.­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTve-los­respublika.­–­1992.­–­16­dekemberi.­–­N255(534).­–­1­gv.­

104.­ damnaSaveTa­winaaRmdeg­brZola­dRiTidRe­gamZafrda­ /­ e.­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 17­ dekemberi.­ –­N256(535).­–­2­gv.­

105.­ mis­ aRmatebulebas­ baton­ v.­ s.­ Cernomirdins­ ruseTis­ fe-deraciis­ ministrTa­ sabWos­ Tavmjdomares­ /­ e.­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqar-Tvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­17­dekemberi.­–­N256(535).­–­1­gv.­

106.­ wesrigis­dasamyareblad­ukve­gadaidga­pirveli­nabijebi­/­SevardnaZe­e.­;­[Caiwera]­oniani­nato­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­22­dekemberi.­–­N259(538).­–­1­gv.­

107.­ „darwmunebuli­var,­rom­xval­Cemi­saqarTvelo­ayvavebuli­da­ bednieri­ iqneba“­ /­ e.­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­ –­1992.­–­22­dekemberi.­–­N259(538).­–­1,2­gv.­

108.­ ganixilaven­samxedro­kanonebis­pakets­/­e.­SevardnaZe­//­saqar-Tvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­dekemberi.­–­N260(539).­–­1­gv.­

109.­ „iZulebuli­ var­ vTqva“­ /­ e.­ SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­23­dekemberi.­–­N260(539).­–­1­gv.­

110.­ eduard­SevardnaZis­ pasuxi­ „izvestiis“­ kiTxvaze­ //­ saqar-Tvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­24­dekemberi.­–­N261(540).­–­1­gv.­

111.­ droa,­ xma­ aRvimaRloT­usircxvilo­ sicruis­ pasuxad!­ /­ e.­SevardnaZe­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­ 1992.­ –­ 26­ dekemberi.­ –­N262(541).­–­1,2­gv.­

112.­ eduard­SevardnaZe:­Cven­umZimesi­weli­ganvvleT,­romelic­istoriaSi­ Seva­ rogorc­ yvelaze­ mniSvnelovani­ weliwadi­demokratiuli­ mSeneblobis­ gzaze­ //­ saqarTvelos­ respublika.­ –­1992.­–­29­dekemberi.­–­N263(542).­–­1­gv.­

113.­ eduard­SevardnaZe:­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­29­dekemberi.­–­N263(542).­–­2­gv.­

114.­ saaxalwlo­milocva­ :­akaki­wereTlis­saxelobis­sabavSvo­fonds­//­saqarTvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­dekemberi.­–­N265(544).­–­1­gv.­

115.­ eduard­SevardnaZe:­parlamentma­bevri­ram­gaakeTa...­//­saqar-Tvelos­respublika.­–­1992.­–­31­dekemberi.­–­N265(544).­–­1­gv.