Diagrama Flujo Identificación de Minerales Arcillosos Por XRD
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Electron micrograph if required Randomly-oriented aggregate mount of clay fraction (<2 m) Results 12-12.5 No change Destroyed Destroyed or reduced in intensity Check hkl’s against standard Fibrous morphology Sepiolite Increases in intensity ~14 No change No change Expands to 17 Collapses to ~10 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.50 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.50 060 near 1.50 060 near 1.52 Collapses to ~10 Additional collapses to ~11 Slight collapse to ~12 Collapses to ~10 with very weak 5 peak Chlorite Dioctahedral chlorite Vermiculite Dioctahedral vermiculite Montmorillonite Nontronite Trioctahedral montmorillonite or vermiculite No change or slight additional collapse No change or slight additional collapse No change or slight additional collapse No change or slight increase No change - Irrational sequence No change No change 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.54 Collapses to ~10 Collapses to ~10 No change or slight increase in intensity Collapses to 10 Collapses to 10 No change or slight increase in intensity No change - Rational sequence of higher orders. Regularly interstratified illite-vermiculite Regularly interstratified illite-chlorite Randomly interstratified illite-vermiculite Randomly interstratified illite-chlorite No change 060 near 1.50 Slight collapse Further collapse Interstratified dioctahedral illite-vermiculite 060 near 1.54 060 near 1.50 Collapses to ~10 Collapses to 10 Expands to higher spacing Interstratified illite-montmorillonite Interstratified trioctahedral illite-montmorillonite >10-14 Air Dried ~29 Expands to 31-32 with rational sequence of higher orders May disappear or give 24 spacing May give irrational sequence Increases in intensity of 24 spacing May give irrational sequences -- may show increase in intensity of 12-14 peak Regularly interstratified chlorite- montmorillonite or chlorite- vermiculite (corrensite) Randomly interstratified chlorite- montmorillonite Expands but gives irrational sequence Peaks may be broad Treated with ethylene glycol o Heated to 400 C at least ½ hour o Heated to 550 C at least ½ hour X-rays of Oriented Aggregates 060 near 1.50 060 near 1.54 Dioctahedral Chlorite Chlorite 7 No change No change No change Fibrous morphology Check hkl’s against standard Check hkl’s against standard Platy morphology Chrysotile Antigorite Destroyed 060 near 1.49 hk bands present moderately broad 001’s Platy morphology Disordered kaolinite (Fireclay) hkl’s resolved Hexagonal morphology Kaolinite Dickite Nacrite Increase in spacing or no change Destroyed Collapses to 7 Tubular morphology 060 near 1.49 hk bands present Halloysite Clay Mineral Identification Flow Diagram ~10 Symmetrical No change No change No change 060 near 1.54 060 between 1.51 - 1.52 5 peak very 060 between 1.51 - 1.52 5 peak very Illite (and/or mica), muscovitic, various polymorphs Biotite various polymorphs Glauconite or Celadonite (Roscoelite if V bearing) Expands to ~11 Unsymmetrical or slight shift either way No change or slight sharpening Destroyed 060 near 1.49 060 variable Tubular morphology Endellite Interstratified illite-montmorillonite or illite-vermiculite (Illite) Collapses to ~7 Palygorskite 10.5 No change Destroyed Destroyed - - may survive slightly at lower temperature Check hkl’s against standard Fibrous morphology
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Transcript of Diagrama Flujo Identificación de Minerales Arcillosos Por XRD
Electron micrographif required
Randomly-orientedaggregate mount of clay
fraction (<2 m) Results
12-12.5No change Destroyed
Destroyed or reducedin intensity
Check hkl’sagainst standard
Fibrous morphology Sepiolite
Increases in intensity~14
No change No change
Expands to 17
Collapses to ~10
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.50
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.50
060 near 1.50
060 near 1.52
Collapses to ~10
Additional collapsesto ~11Slight collapse to ~12
Collapses to ~10with very weak 5 peak
Chlorite
Dioctahedral chlorite
Vermiculite
Dioctahedral vermiculite
Montmorillonite
Nontronite
Trioctahedral montmorillonite or vermiculite
No change or slightadditional collapse
No change or slightadditional collapse
No change or slightadditional collapse
No change orslight increase
No change - Irrational sequence
No change
No change
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.54
Collapses to ~10
Collapses to ~10
No change or slightincrease in intensity
Collapses to 10
Collapses to 10
No change or slightincrease in intensity
No change - Rational sequence of
higher orders.
Regularly interstratifiedillite-vermiculite
Regularly interstratifiedillite-chlorite
Randomly interstratifiedillite-vermiculite
Randomly interstratifiedillite-chlorite
No change 060 near 1.50Slight collapse Further collapseInterstratified dioctahedral
illite-vermiculite
060 near 1.54
060 near 1.50Collapses to ~10 Collapses to 10Expands to
higher spacingInterstratified
illite-montmorillonite
Interstratified trioctahedralillite-montmorillonite
>10-14
Air Dried
~29Expands to 31-32 with
rational sequence of higher orders
May disappear orgive 24 spacing
May give irrationalsequence
Increases in intensityof 24 spacing
May give irrational sequences-- may show increase in intensity
of 12-14 peak
Regularly interstratified chlorite-montmorillonite or chlorite-
vermiculite (corrensite)
Randomly interstratified chlorite-montmorillonite
Expandsbut gives irrational sequence
Peaks may be broad
Treated with ethylene glycol
oHeated to 400 C at least ½ hour
oHeated to 550 C at least ½ hour
X-rays of Oriented Aggregates
060 near 1.50
060 near 1.54
DioctahedralChlorite
Chlorite
7No change No change No change Fibrous morphology
Check hkl’sagainst standard
Check hkl’sagainst standard
Platy morphology
Chrysotile
Antigorite
Destroyed060 near 1.49
hk bands presentmoderately broad 001’s
Platy morphology
Disordered kaolinite(Fireclay)
hkl’s resolvedHexagonal morphologyKaolinite
Dickite
Nacrite
Increase in spacingor no change
DestroyedCollapses to 7 Tubular morphology 060 near 1.49hk bands present
Halloysite
Clay Mineral Identification Flow Diagram
~10 SymmetricalNo change No change No change
060 near 1.54
060 between1.51 - 1.525 peak very
060 between1.51 - 1.525 peak very
Illite (and/or mica),muscovitic,
various polymorphs
Biotitevarious polymorphs
Glauconite orCeladonite
(Roscoelite if V bearing)
Expands to ~11
Unsymmetrical orslight shift either way
No change orslight sharpening
Destroyed 060 near 1.49
060 variable
Tubular morphology Endellite
Interstratifiedillite-montmorillonite or
illite-vermiculite(Illite)
Collapses to ~7
Palygorskite10.5No change Destroyed
Destroyed - - maysurvive slightly at
lower temperature
Check hkl’sagainst standard
Fibrous morphology
