Contribución del IEO a CLIVAR Seminario CLIVAR-España. Madrid 14-15 Febrero 2005.

Contribución del IEO a CLIVAR

Seminario CLIVAR-España. Madrid 14-15 Febrero 2005.

Contribución del Instituto Español de Oceanografía al estudio de la variabilidad

climática (CLIVAR).

M.J. García, C. González-Pola, A. Lavín, F. López Laatzen, G. Parrilla, E. Tel, M. Vargas-Yáñez, P. Vélez-Belchí



Sampling of oceanographic variables with climatic interest.

Contribution to the establishment of oceanic observing systems:

Participation in time-limited programs funded, partially or totally, externally to the IEO.

Programs to be continued with no time horizon supported by IEO.



Sampling of oceanographic variables with climatic interest:

Contribution to the stablishment of oceanic observing systems.

Participation in time-limited programs funded, partially or totally, externally to the IEO.

Programs to be continued with no time horizon supported by IEO.



TIME SERIES PROGRAM:

IEO “RADIALES” NETWORK



ECOMÁLAGA



Related Projects:

MEDATLAS/MEDAR

1994-1996/1997-1999 (UE)

Modified of Vargas-Yáñez et al. (2002)



0.0050.002 ºC/yr

0.020.01 ºC/yr

Main results:

(ECOMÁLAGA)

Warming of the Alboran Sea continental shelf waters along the XX century.

Warming intensification during the 90s.




Main results:

(MEDAR/MEDATLAS)

Marine data and meta-data constitute an essential basis for many studies and applications (e.g., science, engineering, defence, economical zone management, policy making, etc.), and particularly for monitoring the ocean state, its seasonal cycle and variability and for estimating possible climate changes.

Determination of climatological vertical profiles of physical and chemical variables at the different Mediterranean sub-basins.



Publications:

Vargas-Yáñez, M., T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, M. Sebastián, F. Plaza (2002). Warming trends in the continental shelf of Málaga Bay (Alboran Sea). Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 29, NO. 22, 2082, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015306.

Manca, B., M. Burca, A. Giorgetti, C. Coatanoan, M.J. García, A. Iona, (2004). Physical and biochemical averaged vertical profiles in the Mediterranean regions: An important tool to trace the climatology of water masses and to validate incoming data from operational oceanography. J. Marine Systems, 48, 83-116.



ECOMÁLAGA

ECOMURCIA



ECOMÁLAGA

ECOMURCIA

ECOBALEARES

Y

CIRBAL



-4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0

Longitude

36.0

38.0

40.0

42.0

44.0

La

titu

de

Northern current

Atlantic Jet

EAG

Algerian current

W AG

a )

b )c )

d )

e )

Related projects:

(IEO not involved directly)

Estación de L’Estartit (1974)

Estación Dyfamed (1991)

Modified of Vargas-Yáñez et al. (submitted)



-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

38.5

39.0

39.5

40.0

40.5

41.0

Mallorca

Ibiza

Menorca

CIRBAL (+)

EBA

d )

3 . 0 4 . 0 5 . 0 6 . 0 7 . 0 8 . 0 9 . 0

4 2 . 0

4 3 . 0

4 4 . 0

e )

L E D Y F




1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002tim e (ye a rs)

13.113.213.313.413.513.6

tem

pe

ratu

re (

ºC)

EM A 200m .

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002tim e (ye a rs)

18

19

20

21

22

tem

pe

ratu

re (

ºC)

EBA 0m .

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002tim e (ye a rs)

12.8

13

13.2

13.4

13.6

tem

pe

ratu

re (

ºC)

EM U 9 200m

0.02ºC /yr

0 .1ºC /yr

a)

b)

c)




1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000tim e (ye a rs)

12

13

14

15

tem

pe

ratu

re (

ºC)

LE 80m .

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002tim e (ye a rs)

15

16

17

18

19

tem

pe

ratu

re (

ºC)

D Y F 0m .

0.03ºC /yr

0.1ºC /yr

e)

f)




Main results:

Warming of the North Western Mediterranean continental shelf not influenced by LIW.

Salinity increase of the slope waters influenced by LIW.

Possible joint action of meteorological factors in the WMED (¿NAO?) and the salinity increase importated from the eastern basin.



Publications:

Vargas-Yáñez, M., J. Salat, M.L. Fernández de Puelles, J.L. López-Jurado, J. Pascual, T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, I. Franco. Enviada a J. Geophys. Res.

Vargas-Yáñez, M., T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, M.L. Fernández de Puelles, A. Lavín, J.L. López-Jurado, C. González-Pola, I. Vidal, M. Sebastián. CIESM, 2002. CIESM workshop series, nº 16. Pp. 25-28. Ed. Frédéric Briand.



-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

38.5

39.0

39.5

40.0

40.5

41.0

Mallorca

Ibiza

Menorca

CIRBAL (+)

ECOBALEARES

d )




Main results:

Interannual variability of the Balearic Channel circulation depending on the WIW formation.

This result combined with Vargas-Yáñez et al. (submitted) reveals the role of the WIW as a possible climatic indicator.

Modified of Pinot et al. (2002)



Publications:

Pinot, J.M., J.L. López-Jurado, M. Riera, (2002). The Canales experiment (1996-1998). Interannual, seasonal and mesoscale variability of the circulation in the Balearic Channels. Progress in Oceanography, 55, 335-370.



SANTANDER



SANTANDERASTURIAS



SANTANDERASTURIAS

CORUÑA



SANTANDERASTURIAS

CORUÑA

VIGO



SANTANDERASTURIAS

CORUÑA

VIGO

Related Projects:

FerryBox

MERSEA

VACLAN



Project:

Radial-Santander.

Contribution (together with the other Atlantic “Radiales”) to the “working group on oceanic hydrography (WGOH)”.

Chair: Alicia Lavín (IEO).

Annual reports:

www.ices.dk/iceswork/occ.asp



Main results:

Central water has increased its salinity and temperature during the 90s and beginning of XXI century, very likely due to changes in the P-E regime.

MW has suffered this process too, probably due to changes in the water masses which contribute to the MOW in the Gulf of Cádiz, NACW and MW, being the former the main factor.

Modified of González-Pola et al.(accepted)



Publications:

A. Lavin, L. Valdes, J. Gil, and M. Moral. Seasonal and inter-annual variability in properties of surface water off Santander, Bay of Biscay, 1991-1995. Oceanol.Acta 21 (2):179-190, 1998.

González-Pola C, Lavín A., Vargas-Yánez M. Intense warming and salinity modification ofintermediate water masses in the southeastern corner of the Bay of Biscay for the period 1992-2003. Accepted in J. Geophys. Res.




EUROPEAN STATION OF OCEANIC TIME SERIES IN

CANARY ISLANDS: ESTOC.



ESTOC

CORICA/CANIGO



ESTOC

CORICA/CANIGO

Projects:

ESTOC

(2002, IEO).

Related projects:

CORICA

(2002-2004, PN I+D+I).

CANIGO

(1996-1998, UE).



Main results:

Determination of the average NACW, AAIW and MW transports in the Lanzarote passage.

Description of the transport seasonal variability.

Possible relationship between anomalies in the transports and “EL Niño” events.



Publications:

Hernández-Guerra, A., E. Fraile-Nuez, R. Borges, F. López-Laatzen, P. Vélez-Belchí, G. Parrilla, T.J. Müller, (2003). Transport variability in the Lanzarote Passge (eastern boundary current of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre). Deep-Sea Res., I, 50, 189-200.

Vélez-Belchí, P., A. Álvarez, P. Colet, J. Tintoré, (2001). Stochastic resonance in the thermohaline circulation. Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 28, NO. 10, 2053-2056.



WOCE A5



WOCE A5 Gyroscope 0302



Gyroscope:

-European contribution to Argo

-Argo-España



Modified of Parrilla et al. (1994)



-1500

-1000

-500

0

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20

Longitude

-6000

-5000

-4000

-3000

-2000

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20

Longitude

a)

b)

c)

d)

- 2 - 1 0 1

- 2 0 0 0

- 1 5 0 0

- 1 0 0 0

- 5 0 0

0

dep

th (

m)

- 2 - 1 0 1

a b

3 5 3 5 . 5 3 6 3 6 . 5 3 7 3 7 . 5sa lin ity

8

12

16

20

24

po

ten

tial t

em

pera

ture

35.12 35.16 35.2sa lin ity

4

5

6

7

8

c d




Transport Ganachaud 1992 1981 1957

& Wunsch (1992)

Heat (PW) 1.3 0.15 1.43 0.39 1.3 0.2 1.2

Modified of Lavín et al. (2003)



Main results:

Warming and salinity increment of the thermocline waters and intermediate waters from 1957 to 1992.

Persistence of the warming and salinity increase in the eastern Atlantic thermocline waters from 1992 to 2002.

TS changes in the thermocline have kept constant the TS relationship. No changes in the heat transport are observed.



Publications:

Parrilla, G., A. Lavín, H. Bryden, M. García, R. Millard, (1994). Rising temperatures in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean over the past 35 years. Nature, 369, 48-51.

Lavín, A., H. Bryden, G. Parrilla, (2003). Mechanisms of heat, freshwater, oxygen and nutrient transports and budgets at 24.5ºN in the subtropical North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. I, 50, 1099-1128.

Vargas-Yáñez, M., G. Parrilla, A. Lavín, P. Vélez-Belchí, C. González-Pola, (2004). Temperature and salinity increase in the eastern North Atlantic along the 24.5ºN in the last ten years. Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 31, L06210, doi: 10.1029/2003GL019308.




THE IEO MAREOGRAPHIC NETWORK



SantanderCoruña

Vigo

Cádiz

CeutaTarifa

Atlantic and Starit of Gibraltar



SantanderCoruña

Vigo

P. Mallorca

MálagaCádiz

CeutaTarifa

Algeciras

Menorca

Atlantic and Strait of Gibraltar

Mediterranean



SantanderCoruña

Vigo

P. Mallorca

MálagaCádiz

CeutaTarifa

Algeciras

MenorcaLanzarote

G. Canaria

La Palma


Mediterranean

Canary Islands



SantanderCoruña

Vigo

P. Mallorca

MálagaCádiz

CeutaTarifa

Algeciras

MenorcaLanzarote

G. Canaria

La Palma


Mediterranean

Canary Islands Related projects:

ESEAS-RI (UE).



Sea level time series of the IEO tide gauge network

Tesis doctoral de Elena Tel.



NAO

Vigo

Coruña

Santander

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Ref: Oceanographic variability in the Northern shelf of the Iberian Peninsula (Southern Bay of Biscay). 1990-1999. 2003. Cabanas, J.M., Lavín, A., García, M.J., Gonzalez-Pola, C., Tel, E. ICES Marine Science Symposium. Hydrobiological Variability in the ICES area, 1990-1999. The Second ICES Decadal Symposium. ICES Marine Science Symposia, vol 219.



NAO

Vigo

Coruña

Santander

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Correlation with NAO

Proyecto ESEAS-RI




Main results:

Good agreement between low passed filtered time series (inter annual variability) from tide gauges and altimetry.

Negative correlation in the Iberian Penninsula area between NAO index and sea level inter annual variability. Correlation increases when winter index is used.

Increasing long term trends in sea level time series around the Iberian Peninsula.



Publications:


Ref Interannual to decadal sea level change in southwestern Europe from satellite altimetry and in-situ measurements. L. Fenoglio-Marc, E. Tel, M.J. Garcia, y N. Kjaer. IAG International Symposium, Gravity, Geoid and Space Missions - GGSM2004. IAG Symposia series, Springer Verlag. 2004. (In press)



Summary of permanent projects and activities:

RADIALES

CIRBAL

Red Mareográfica del IEO

National delegate in:

GLOSS, ESEAS, COI, GOOS

Not permanent projects in which IEO is or has been involved:

CANIGO

WOCE

FerryBox

MERSEA

SECIMERA/RAPID

Argo-España

Gyroscope

ESEAS-RI

MEDATLAS/MEDAR

CORICA



Most relevant publications:1) Vargas-Yáñez, M., T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, M. Sebastián, F. Plaza (2002). Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 29, NO. 22, 2082, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015306.

2) Vargas-Yáñez, M., J. Salat, M.L. Fernández de Puelles, J.L. López-Jurado, J. Pascual, T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, I. Franco. Enviada a J. Geophys. Res.

3) Vargas-Yáñez, M., T. Ramírez, D. Cortés, M.L. Fernández de Puelles, A. Lavín, J.L. López-Jurado, C. González-Pola, I. Vidal, M. Sebastián. CIESM, 2002. CIESM workshop series, nº 16. Pp. 25-28. Ed. Frédéric Briand.

4) Pinot, J.M., J.L. López-Jurado, M. Riera, (2002). The Canales experiment (1996-1998). Interannual, seasonal and mesoscale variability of the circulation in the Balearic Channels. Progress in Oceanography, 55, 335-370.

5) A. Lavin, L. Valdes, J. Gil, and M. Moral. Seasonal and inter-annual variability in properties of surface water off Santander, Bay of Biscay, 1991-1995. Oceanol.Acta 21 (2):179-190, 1998.

6) González-Pola C, Lavín A., Vargas-Yánez M. Intense warming and salinity modification of intermediate water masses in the southeastern corner of the Bay of Biscay for the period 1992-2003. Accepted in J. Geophys. Res.

7) Hernández-Guerra, A., E. Fraile-Nuez, R. Borges, F. López-Laatzen, P. Vélez-Belchí, G. Parrilla, T.J. Müller, (2003). Transport variability in the Lanzarote Passge (eastern boundary current of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre). Deep-Sea Res., I, 50, 189-200.

8) Vélez-Belchí, P., A. Álvarez, P. Colet, J. Tintoré, (2001). Stochastic resonance in the thermohaline circulation. Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 28, NO. 10, 2053-2056.

9) Parrilla, G., A. Lavín, H. Bryden, M. García, R. Millard, (1994). Rising temperatures in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean over the past 35 years. Nature, 369, 48-51.

10) Lavín, A., H. Bryden, G. Parrilla, (2003). Mechanisms of heat, freshwater, oxygen and nutrient transports and budgets at 24.5ºN in the subtropical North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. I, 50, 1099-1128.

11) Vargas-Yáñez, M., G. Parrilla, A. Lavín, P. Vélez-Belchí, C. González-Pola, (2004). Temperature and salinity increase in the eastern North Atlantic along the 24.5ºN in the last ten years. Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 31, L06210, doi: 10.1029/2003GL019308.

12) Manca, B., M. Burca, A. Giorgetti, C. Coatanoan, M.J. García, A. Iona, (2004). Physical and biochemical averaged vertical profiles in the Mediterranean regions: An important tool to trace the climatology of water masses and to validate incoming data from operational oceanography. J. Marine Systems, 48, 83-116.



Contribución del Instituto Español de Oceanografía al estudio de la variabilidad

climática (CLIVAR).

M.J. García, C. González-Pola, A. Lavín, F. López Laatzen, G. Parrilla, E. Tel, M. Vargas-Yáñez, P. Vélez-Belchí

Contribución del IEO a CLIVAR Seminario CLIVAR-España. Madrid 14-15 Febrero 2005.

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Transcript of Contribución del IEO a CLIVAR Seminario CLIVAR-España. Madrid 14-15 Febrero 2005.