By

Formerly Professor of Chemistry

Department of Chemistry

Panjab University, Chandigarh

Dr. S.P. JAUHAR

For Class XII

CHEMISTRYCHEMISTRY

According to new syllabus prescribed by Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), New Delhi and State

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PART-I

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Value Based Questions

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C MY K

C MY K

We are committed to serve students with best of our knowledge and resources. We have taken utmost care and paid much attentionwhile editing and printing this book but we would beg to state that Authors and Publishers should not be held responsible for unintentionalmistakes that might have crept in. However, errors brought to our notice shall be gratefully acknowledged and attended to.

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I feel pleasure in presenting the revised edition of the book for Class XIIstudents. The book has been prepared strictly according to the new syllabus proposed by

and

Text matter has been planned giving emphasis on in a simple, clear andsystematic method. The text has been presented in an interesting style with a large number of

and The text also has special features : Key Point, WatchOut, Learning Plus, In Focus, Competition Plus and Additional Useful Informations.

A number of and have been given under the headingpromoting problem solving skills in students.

Alarge number of (Solved) are given in each chapter.

Thought provoking questions under the heading are given in all chapters.

In NCERT File all the are solved.

with Hints & Solutions are given at the end of each chapter to help thestudents to check their performance after covering the chapter. A Mock Test with solutions accordingto CBSE pattern is given at the end of the book.

At the end of each chapter, havebeen added to check the retention power of the students.

Tough & Tricky with solutions are added to accelerate the potential of the students for.

A number of (HOTS) and with answers areincluded at the end of each chapter.

A variety of from different competitive examinations have been added tomake the book useful for the preparation of competitive examinations in Competition File.

MCQs with Comprehension/Passages followed by (MCQs), Assertionand Reason Type Questions, Matrix Match Type Questions and Integer Type questions in the light ofnew pattern of JEE-Advanced are also given.

The book provides complete coverage of previous years’ Board examinations of different States andAll India Secondary Board.

UNIT PRACTICE TESTS

PROBLEMSSOLVING NUMERICAL PROBLEMS

Value Based Questions with Answers are given in each chapter.

‘‘Modern’s abc of Chemistry’’

Education Boards of Indian States

fundamental concepts

+C.B.S.E. New

Delhi

illustrative examples numerical problems.

problems short answer questions PracticeProblems

Conceptual Questions

R U Curious....

Intext Questions, Textbook Exercises and Exemplar Problems

Higher Order Thinking Skills Brain Twisting Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

more than one correct answers,

.

Salient Features of the Book

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

Quick Revision through Objective Questions “Quick Memory Test”

I am extremely thankful to Dr. (Mrs.) Sheenu Jauhar for her sincere efforts and unmatched contribution incrictical and thorough revision of the whole book and revising Objective Questions. I am also thankful tomany teachers and students who have been sending their valuable suggestions and comments for theimprovement of the book. We are greatly indebted to them. I wish to acknowledge my sincere thanks toMr. Arun Kamboj (G.S.S. School, Tohana), Dr. G.J.P. Singh (Chemistry Deptt., P.U., Chandigarh), Dr. O.P.Sood (Govt. College, Chandigarh), Dr. Sajeev Soni (S.D. College, Chandigarh), Dr. A.N. Sharma (Govt.College, Hamirpur), Mrs. T. Sondhi (Sacred Heart High School, Chandigarh), Ms. Parveen (Faridkot), Dr.Neelam Vohra (M.L.N. College, Yamuna Nagar), Dr. R.L. Singla (S.A. Jain College, Ambala), Dr. C.M.Gupta (Govt. College, Muktsar), Mrs. Anju Goel (Govt. S.S. School, Sec 37), Mr. Deepak Mishra, H.O.D.(Shri Gauri Shankar Inter College, Firozabad), Mr. Praveen Kumar (S.V.M. Senior Sec. School, Kosi Kalan,Mathura), Mr. Vikas Chander (Saint Mary S.S. School, Gurdaspur), Mr. Rakesh Jassotia (Sr. Lecturer, Govt.H.S.S. Nagari, Parole, Kathua), Mrs. Amita Sharma (Saraswati Institute, Chandigarh), Prof. R.C. Bhanot(Govt. College, Patiala), Dr. Paramjit Singh and Prof. A.S. Chahal (S.G.G.S. Colllege, Chandigarh), Dr. G.S.Arora, Mr. Sudhanshu Jaitley, Gaurav Chakraborty (Chandigarh), Vinod Kumar, G.S.S.S. Ganaur(Sonepat) and Vaibhav Yavlekar, (Ujjain). Finally, I am happy to express my sincerest thanks andindebtness to our dynamic and versatile publisher and his efficient staff for making the project successful.I am also thankful to Mr. Manik Juneja, National Head — Content Operations, Mr. S.K. Sikka, Mr. B.S.Rawat, Ravinder Pathania and L.B. Mishra who have taken great pains in bringing up the book. I hopethat the present book will be warmly received by the students and the teachers.

Dr. S.P. Jauhar

4

Tuesday, November 18, 2014 7:29:27 PMColor profile: Disabled

Composite 150 lpi at 45 degrees

5

Tuesday, November 18, 2014 7:29:28 PMColor profile: Disabled

Composite 150 lpi at 45 degrees

C MY K

C MY K

Actinium

Aluminium

Americium

Antimony

Argon

Arsenic

Astatine

Barium

Berkelium

Beryllium

Bismuth

Boron

Bromine

Cadmium

Calcium

Californium

Carbon

Cerium

Cesium

Chlorine

Chromium

Cobalt

Copper

Curium

Dysprosium

Einsteinium

Erbium

Europium

Fermium

Fluorine

Francium

Gadolinium

Gallium

Germanium

Gold

Hafnium

Hanium

Helium

Holmium

Hydrogen

Indium

Iodine

Iridium

Iron

Krypton

Lanthanum

Lawrencium

Lead

Lithium

Lutetium

Magnesium

Manganese

Ac

Al

Am

Sb

Ar

As

At

Ba

Bk

Be

Bi

B

Br

Cd

Ca

Cf

C

Ce

Cs

Cl

Cr

Co

Cu

Cm

Dy

Es

Er

Eu

Fm

F

Fr

Gd

Ga

Ge

Au

Hf

Ha

He

Ho

H

In

I

Ir

Fe

Kr

La

Lr

Pb

Li

Lu

Mg

Mn

89

13

95

51

18

33

85

56

97

4

83

5

35

48

20

98

6

58

55

17

24

27

29

96

66

99

68

63

100

9

87

64

31

32

79

72

105

2

67

1

49

53

77

26

36

57

103

82

3

71

12

25

227

26.9

243

121.75

39.94

74.92

210

137.3

247

9.01

208.98

10.81

79.90

112.40

40.02

251

12

140.12

132.90

35.45

51.99

58.93

63.54

245

162.50

254

167.26

151.96

257

18.99

223

157.25

69.72

72.59

196.99

178.48

260

4

164.93

1

114.82

126.90

192.2

55.84

83.80

138.91

257

207.19

6.93

174.97

24.31

54.93

[Rn]86

6dl

7s2

[Ne]10

3s2

3pl

[Rn]86

5f 7

7s2

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5p3

[Ne]10

3s2

3p6

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4p3

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6p5

[Xe]54

6s2

[Rn]86

5f9

7s2

[He]2

2s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6p3

[He]54

2s2

2p1

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4p5

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

[Ar]18

4s2

[Rn]86

5f10

7s2

[He]2

2s2

2p2

[Xe]54

4f1

5d1

6s2

[Xe]54

6s1

[Ne]10

3s2

3p5

[Ar]18

3d5

4s1

[Ar]18

3d7

4s2

[Ar]18

3d10

4s1

[Rn]86

5f7

6d1

7s2

[Xe]54

4f10

6s2

[Rn]86

5f11

7s2

[Xe]54

f12

6s2

[Xe]54

4f7

6s2

[Rn]86

5f12

7s2

[He]2

2s2

2p5

[Rn]86

7s1

[Xe]54

4f7

5d1

6s2

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4pl

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4p2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s1

[Xe]54

4f14

5d2

6s2

[Rn]86

5f14

6d3

7s2

1s2

[Xe]54

4f11

6s2

1s1

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5pl

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5p5

[Xe]54

4f14

5d7

6s2

[Ar]18

3d6

4s2

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4p6

[Xe]54

5d1

6s2

[Rn]86

5f14

6d1

7s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6p2

[He]2

1s1

[Xe]54

4f14

5d1

6s2

[Ne]10

3s2

[Ar]18

3d5

4s2

Atomic Masses (C12 = 12.00) and Electronic Configurations of Elements

Element Symbol Atomic Atomic Electronic ConfigurationNumber Mass

C MY K

C MY K

Element Symbol Atomic Atomic Electronic ConfigurationNumber Mass

Mendelevium

Mercury

Molybdenum

Neodymium

Neon

Neptunium

Nickel

Niobium

Nitrogen

Nobelium

Osmium

Oxygen

Palladium

Phosphorus

Platinum

Plutonium

Polonium

Potassium

Praseodymium

Promethium

Protactinium

Radium

Radon

Rhenium

Rhodium

Rubidium

Ruthenium

Rutherfordium

Samarium

Scandium

Selenium

Silicon

Silver

Sodium

Strontium

Sulphur

Tantalum

Technetium

Tellurium

Terbium

Thallium

Thorium

Thulium

Tin

Titanium

Tungsten

Uranium

Vanadium

Xenon

Ytterbium

Yttrium

Zinc

Zirconium

Md

Hg

Mo

Nd

Ne

Np

Ni

Nb

N

No

Os

O

Pd

P

Pt

Pu

Po

K

Pr

Pm

Pa

Ra

Rn

Re

Rh

Rb

Ru

Rf

Sm

Sc

Se

Si

Ag

Na

Sr

S

Ta

Tc

Te

Tb

Tl

Th

Tm

Sn

Ti

W

U

V

Xe

Yb

Y

Zn

Zr

101

80

42

60

10

93

28

41

7

102

76

8

46

15

78

94

84

19

59

61

91

88

86

75

45

37

44

104

62

21

34

14

47

11

38

16

73

43

52

65

81

90

69

50

22

74

92

23

54

70

39

30

40

256

200.50

95.94

144.24

20.18

237

58.71

92.90

14

254

190.2

15.99

106.4

30.97

195.09

244

210

39.102

140.907

145

231

226

222

186.2

102.90

85.47

101.07

257

150.35

44.95

78.96

28.08

107.87

22.98

87.62

32.06

180.94

99

127.60

158.92

204.37

232.03

168.93

118.69

47.90

183.85

238.02

50.94

131.04

173.04

88.90

63.37

91.22

[Rn]86

5f13

7s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

[Kr]36

4d5

5s1

[Xe]54

4f4

6s2

[He]2

2s2

2p6

[Rn]86

5f4

6d1

7s2

[Ar]18

3d8

4s2

[Kr]36

4d4

5s1

[He]2

2s2

2p3

[Rn]56

5f14

7s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d6

6s2

[He]2

2s2

2p4

[Kr]36

4d10

[Ne]10

3s2

3p3

[Xe]54

4f14

5d9

6s1

[Rn]86

5f6

7s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6p4

[Ar]18

4s1

[Xe]54

4f3

6s2

[Xe]54

4f5

6s2

[Rn]86

5f2

6d1

7s2

[Rn]86

7s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6p6

[Xe]54

4f14

5d5

6s2

[Kr]36

4d8

5s1

[Kr]36

5s1

[Kr]36

4d7

5s1

[Rn]86

5f14

6d2

7s2

[Xe]54

4f6

6s2

[Ar]18

3d1

4s2

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

4p4

[Ne]10

3s2

3p2

[Kr]22

4d10

5s1

[Ne]10

3s1

[Kr]36

5s2

[Ne]10

3s2

3p4

[Xe]54

4f14

5d 3

6s2

[Kr]36

4d5

5s2

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5p4

[Xe]54

4f9

6s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d10

6s2

6 p1

[Rn]86

6d2

7s2

[Xe]54

4f13

6s2

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5p2

[Ar]18

3d2

4s2

[Xe]54

4f14

5d4

6s2

[Rn]86

5f2

6d1

7s2

[Ar]18

3d3

4s2

[Kr]36

4d10

5s2

5p6

[Xe]54

4f14

6s2

[Kr]36

4d1

5s2

[Ar]18

3d10

4s2

[Kr]36

4d2

5s2

Award of ExcellenceAward of ExcellenceModern’s abc+ of Chemistry (XI & XII) was awarded

FIRST PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCETHE FEDERATION OF INDIAN PUBLISHERSBY

Award for

Excellence

in Book

Production

FIRST PRIZEFIRST PRIZE

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The present book has been prepared to provide a single book for students preparing for different Boards’

Examinations and Competitive Examinations for Entrance to Medical, Engineering and other Professional

Colleges. Each chapter is divided into two parts. The first part of each chapter provides complete discussion

of all the basic principles, definitions, terms and mathematical relations. The aim of the book is to make the

basic concepts strong with Practice Problems and Conceptual Questions.

The second part of each chapter under the heading Competition File is planned with a target of Competitive

Examinations. This provides additional useful information (not covered in the chapter). This also includes

Objective Questions in the form of multiple choice type, comprehension type, matching type, matrix-match

type, integer answer type and assertion reason type. Hints & Answers to almost all MCQs have been given.

A NOTE TO THE STUDENTS

PLEASE SEE THE SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE BOOK IN THE MARGINS

WHICH MAKE IT NUMBER 1.

First Prize

IN ADDITION : EACH UNIT HAS

•

•

•

•

•

AISB Qs. and State Boards’ Qs.

highlighted in Revision Exercises

Quick Memory Test

HOTS & Brain Twisting

Questions.

AIPMT, JEE (main),

JEE (advance) given separately.

Unit Practice Test with

Hints & Solutions.

Nytra: a first augmented reality app for K-12 Education in India.

To help the students to visualize the concepts more easily and enhance understanding – a digital revolution:

Watch chemistry come alive.

ABOVE ALL : A NEW FEATURE

Awardof

Excellence

Awardof

Excellence

COMPETITION PLUS

Advanced level matter to explore

more about the topic for competitive

examinations with reference at the

appropriate place in the text and

detail in competition file.

CHAPTER SUMMARY

Provides definitions of new terms,

laws, name reactions in organic

chemistry, important facts to

remember and

mathematical relations.

Main contents are given in the

beginning to make the book Target

Oriented. For Boards Examinations

& Competitive Examinations,

students can eaisly search the relevent

material without wasting time

IN THIS UNIT

A very large number of solved

numerical problems of different

levels of difficulty and practice

problems promoting problem

solving skills in students.

SOLVED EXAMPLES &

PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Thought provoking questions during

understanding of the text with

answers to satisfy your curiosity.

R U CURIOUS....

To accelerate the potential of students

for solving numerical problems.

TOUGH & TRICKY PROBLEMS

With Answers are given in each unit.

VALUE BASED QUESTIONS

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in Engineering and Medical

For

JEE-Main Precise discussion of chapters,emphasising allbasic principles, definitions, diagrams,

terms and analytical relations.

Exclusive Numerical Problems (Solved).

Fill in the Blanks and True orFalse Statements.

Self Evaluation Tests.

Coverage of previous years'objective and subjective questions of

various examinations.

MBD House, Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110 002

Ph. : 23317931, 23318301, Fax : 011-23319471, website : mbdgroup.com

Objective Physics

Objective ChemistryObjective Mathematics

Objective Biology

JEE-Main Sample Papers

All questions have been picked up fromthe various entrance examinations.

The most exhaustive books everpublished.

ForAIPMT

Cover the most tricky and difficultquestions.

Modern’s abc Series Always Firstwith the Best.

Multiple Choice Questions with MiscellaneousMCQ's (with Hints and Solutions).

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Useful Relations

π = 3.1416 lnX = 2.303 log X 2.303 RT/F = 0.05916 V

e = 2.71828 2.303 RT = 5709 J mol (at 25°C)

(at 25°C)

Selected Greek letters Some Useful Conversion Factors

α alpha ξ xi 1 kg = 1000 gram

β beta ν nu 1 gram = 10 decigram

γ gamma Π, π pi = 100 centigram

Δ, δ delta ρ rho = 1000 milligram

ε epsilon Σ, σ sigma 1 litre = 1 dm3

= 103

cm3

η eta τ tau 1eV = 1.6022 × 10–19

J

θ theta Φ, φ phi 1 cal = 4.184 J = 4.184 × 107

erg

κ kappa χ chi 1 J = 107

erg

Λ, λ lambda ψ psi 1 L. atm = 24.217 cal = 101.32 J

μ mu Ω, ω omega 1 Å = 10–8

cm = 10–10

m = 0.1 nm

1 atm = 760 mm Hg

= 1.013 × 105

pascals

1 bar = 105

pascals

Prefixes

f p n μ m c d k M

femto pico nano micro milli centi deci kilo mega

USEFUL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

Quantity Symbol Value

Speed of light c 2.9979 × 108

ms–1

Atomic mass unit amu 1.6606 × 10–27

kg

or u

Avogadro constant NA

6.022 × 1023

mol–1

Planck constant h 6.6262 × 10–34

J s

Faraday constant F 9.64846 × 104

C mol–1

Boltzmann constant k 1.3807 × 10–23

JK–1

Charge-to-mass ratio of electron e/m 1.7588 × 1011

C kg–1

Electronic charge e 1.60219 × 10–19

C

Gas constant R 8.314 J mol–1

K–1

Molar volume (STP) Vm

22.414 × 10–3

m3

mol–1

22.414 dm3

mol–1

Mass of electron me

9.10953 × 10–31

kg

Mass of proton mp

1.67265 × 10–27

kg

Mass of neutron mn

1.67495 × 10–27

kg

Rydberg constant R 1.096 × 107

m–1

C MY K

C MY K

CMYK

MBD

CMYK

MBD

CHEMISTRYCLASS XII (THEORY)

SYLLABUS

Time : 3 Hours 70 Marks

UNIT Title No. of Periods Marks

Total 160 70

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI. General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements 08

VII.

VIII.

IX.

X. 10

XI.

XII.

XIII.

XIV.

XV.

XVI.

Solid State 10

Solutions 10

Electrochemistry 12 23

Chemical Kinetics 10

Surface Chemistry 08

-Block Elements 12

- and -Block Elements 1219

Coordination Compounds 12

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10

Aldehydes, Ketones and CarboxylicAcids 10

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen 10 28

Biomolecules 12

Polymers 08

Chemistry in Everyday Life 06

p

d f

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids,

amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea). Unit cell in two and three dimensional lattices,

calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit

cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties. Band theory of metals,

conductors, semiconductorsandinsulators, and -and -type semiconductors

Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in

liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult's law,

elevation of B.P., depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses

using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.

n p

Redox reactions; conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of

conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary

idea), dry cell – electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode

potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, relation between Gibb's energy change

and emf of a cell, fuel cells, corrosion.

Unit I : (Periods 10)

Unit II : Solutions (Periods 10)

Solid State

Unit III: Electrochemistry (Periods 12)

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Unit IV : Chemical Kinetics (Periods 10)

Unit V : Surface Chemistry (Periods 8)

Unit VI : General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements (Periods 8)

Unit VII : -Block Elements (Periods 12)

Unit VIII : and -Block Elements (Periods 12)

Unit IX : Coordination Compounds (Periods 12)

Unit X : Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (Periods 10)

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Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: concentration,temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant,integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collisiontheory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)Activation energy,Arrhenius equation.

Adsorption – physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids;catalysis, homogeneous and heterogeneous activity and selectivity, enzyme catalysis, colloidal statedistinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic, multimolecularand macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement,electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions – types of emulsions.

Principles and methods of extraction–concentration, oxidation, reduction : electrolytic method andrefining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states,trends in physical and chemical properties; Nitrogen – preparation, properties and uses; compoundsof nitrogen: preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structureonly); Phosphorus–allotropic forms; compounds of phosphorus: preparation and properties ofphosphine ,halides (PCl ,PCl ) and oxoacids (elementary idea only).

General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence,trends in physical and chemical properties, Dioxygen – preparation, properties and uses;classification of oxides; Ozone. Sulphur – allotropic forms; compounds of sulphur: preparation,properties and uses of sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses,oxoacids of sulphur (structures only).

General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence,trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: preparation, properties and usesof chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of halogens (structures only).

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physicaland chemical properties, uses.

General introduction ,electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals,general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy,oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds,alloy formation. Preparation and properties of K Cr O and KMnO .

electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoidcontraction and its consequences.

Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.

Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic propertiesand shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding; Werner'stheory, VBT, CFT, structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (inqualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems).

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism ofsubstitution reactions, optical rotation.

Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen formonosubstituted compounds only)

Uses and environmental effects of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane,iodoform, freons, DDT.

Group 15 elements :

Group 16 elements :

Group 17 elements :

Group 18 elements :

Lanthanoids –

Actinoids –

Haloalkanes:

Haloarenes:

3 5

2 2 7 4

2

Mod. Chemistry-12 (Syllabus).psD:\data\MGS-pm65\Modern\Mod. abc + of Chemistry-XII\Mod. abc of Chemistry-XII (Prelims) Part I\Mod. Chemistry-12 (Syllabus).cdrSaturday, November 15, 2014 11:30:43 AMColor profile: Disabled

Unit XI : Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (Periods 10)

Unit XII : Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids (Periods 10)

Unit XIII : Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen (Periods 10)

Unit XIV : Biomolecules (Periods 12)

Unit XV : Polymers (Periods 8)

Unit XVI : Chemistry in Everyday Life (Periods 6)

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Alcohols :

Phenols :

Ethers :

Aldehydes and Ketones :

Carboxylic acids :

Amines :

Cyanides and Isocyanides

Diazonium salts :

Carbohydrates –

Proteins

Vitamins

Nucleic acids:

Chemicals in medicines –

Chemicals in food –

Cleansing agents –

Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primaryalcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration,uses, some important compounds – methanol and ethanol.

Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature ofphenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.

Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physicaland chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen inaldehydes, uses.

Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemicalproperties, uses.

Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemicalproperties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.

will be mentioned at relevant places in the text.

Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose),oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen)importance of carbohydrates.

– Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primarystructure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only),denaturation of proteins, enzymes, hormones-Elementary idea excluding structure.

– Classification and functions.

DNAand RNA.

Classification – natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation),copolymerization. Some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters,bakelite, rubber; Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers.

1. analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials,antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.

2. preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of anti-oxidants.

3 soaps and detergents, cleansing action.

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MOD ABC Plus Of Chemistry Class 12Part-I

Publisher : MBD GroupPublishers

ISBN : 9789351841227 Author : Dr. S. P. Jauhar

Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/11999

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