Capstone ProjectCapstoneProject

Prishtina International AirportPrishtinaInternationalAirportCapacityExpansionsandService

S d dStandards

BujarEjupi

E il b j @ ilEmail:bujar.e@gmail.com

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AIRPORTAIRPORTPopullation:2MillionsGDP: percapitais1,726

($2,346),anumberthatreflectsonly6.9percentoftheEU 27 real growth isEU27average,real growth is estimated to be 4%.

Diaspora:about17%ofKosovarsli e abroad abo t 30% of

Regionalcenters

TravellingdistancefromPrishtina(Km)

liveabroad,about30%ofKosovar householdshaveoneormoretheirmemberslivingabroad ( )

Skopje 86Sofia 279

Thessaloniki 312Tirana 265

abroadRemittances:Thetotalannual

inflowisaround317million,or approximately 14% of Kosova Tirana 265

Belgrade 355Durres 290Sarajevo 390

orapproximately14%ofKosovaGDP.

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TRAFFIC GROWTH AND PROBLEMSTRAFFICGROWTHANDPROBLEMS

PIAPassengersgrowthResults:

1,200,000

1,400,000Results: Capacityconstrains Delays

800,000

1,000,000

Delays Decreaseinpassengers

400,000

600,000

passengerssatisfaction

200,000

,

Challenge: Increase capacity

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02000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Increasecapacity Improveservice

Public Private PartnershipPublicPrivatePartnership

TheGovernmentofKosovoseekstoensurethattheAirportmeetsitsfulleconomicandoperationalpotential.Forthisreason,onJune12,2009,viaGovernmentDecision05/68,theGovernmentofKosovoformallyauthorizedproceedingwithaPublicPrivatePartnership.

The Project is envisioned to take the form of a 20yearTheProjectisenvisionedtotaketheformofa20 yearDesignBuildFinanceOperateTransfer(DBFOT.

MinimumPerformanceandCapacityLevels:IATAlevelC(good level of service)goodlevelofservice)

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PROJECT OBJECTIVESPROJECTOBJECTIVES

Forecast the capacity required for shortForecastthecapacityrequiredforshortandlongterm

Provideaserviceorientedapproachtob ld d lcapacitybuildingandplanning

Provideoptimuminvestmentplanforfuture developmentfuturedevelopment

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FORECASTING

Forecastingistheheartofplanning.g p gForecastsarenecessarytodefinethefacilitiesthatwillberequired,thescaleofsuchfacilities,andthetimeatwhichtheywillberequired.

EconometricModels Market SurveysMarketSurveys Trendanalyses Expert judgments Expertjudgments

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TRENDLINE ANALYSESTRENDLINEANALYSES Trend

RegressionStatistics

R2 0.7359Slope 41467.36

Intercept 767025.9

Forecastforselectedtt Pax

2015 1,389,0360 5 ,389,0362020 1,596,3732025 1,803,7102030 2 011 0472030 2,011,047

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EXPERT OPINION!EXPERTOPINION!ForecastProjection

Airport 2 200 0002,500,000

2 200 000

2,500,000

2,800,000

Airport

Airlines1,600,000

2,000,000

2,200,000

1,800,000

2,200,000

1 400 000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2,000,000

AirportAirlines

Civil Aviation Authority

1,400,000 AirportCAA

Airlines

CivilAviationAuthority

2015 2020 2025 20308

FORECASTINGFORECASTINGLowtrafficgrowth:Thereispotentialfordevelopmentbutbecauseof

liti l t i ti t titi f th dpoliticaluncertainties,strongcompetitionfromthemodernmotorway,decreaseinnumberofDiasporatravelling

MediumtrafficgrowthThefuturedevelopmentineconomicandpolitical area with effect the traffic growth positively and unleashpoliticalareawitheffectthetrafficgrowthpositivelyandunleashthepotenciesforairtravel,negativefactorsaretakenintotheconsideration.

Hightrafficgrowth:KosovowithbecomememberofEUandalsoreachathighdevelopmentlevelattractingforeigninvestmentandbecomefavoritedestinationforemigrantsandtourism

L S i Mid S i Hi h S iLowScenario MidScenario HighScenario

2015 1.400,000 1.600.000 1,800,000

2020 1,600.000 2.000.000 2.300.000

2025 1,800.000 2.200.000 2.800.000

2030 2.000.000 2.500.000 3.000.0009

PEAK HOURSPEAKHOURS IATA SBR(StandardBusy

R t ) (IATA 1998) hRate)(IATA,1998)wherethe30th busiesthourintheyearisconsideredtobe the peak hour Thebethepeakhour.Thefacilitiesshouldbeabletoservethetrafficforallbut29hoursoutof87600hours

BAA usestheBHR(busyhourrate) Facilities

Nr DATE ROUNDTIME SumofDPAX1 1/11/2009 4:00:00PM 885

anddesignmustbereadytoprocessefficiently95%ofpassengers

2 1/10/2009 3:00:00PM 8733 1/11/2009 3:00:00PM 8524 8/16/2009 4:00:00PM 8485 1/4/2009 3 00 00 PM 840passengers. 5 1/4/2009 3:00:00PM 84030 4/12/2009 10:00:00AM 66141 10/17/2009 11:00:00AM 62410

ForecastingForecasting2015 LowScenario MidScenario HighScenarioAnnualPassengers 1,400,000 1,600,000 1,800,000AnnuaDepPax 721,000 824,000 927,000Peakmonthdeppax 122,570 140,080 157,590Averageday 3,922 4,483 5,043BusyDay 7,109 8,125 9,140PeakHour 730 834 938

2020 LowScenario MidScenario HighScenariogAnnualPassengers 1,600,000 2,000,000 2,300,000AnnuaDepPax 824,000 1,030,000 1,184,500Peakmonthdeppax 140,080 175,100 201,365Averageday 4,483 5,603 6,444BusyDay 8,125 10,156 11,679Peak Hour 834 1,042 1,199PeakHour 834 1,042 1,199

2025 LowScenario MidScenario HighScenarioAnnualPassengers 1,800,000 2,200,000 2,800,000AnnualDepPax 927,000 1,133,000 1,442,000Peakmonthdeppax 157,590 192,610 245,140Average day 5 043 6 164 7 844Averageday 5,043 6,164 7,844BusyDay 9,140 11,171 14,218PeakHour 938 1,146 1,459

2030 LowScenario MidScenario HighScenarioAnnualPassengers 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000Annua Dep Pax 1 030 000 1 287 500 1 545 000AnnuaDepPax 1,030,000 1,287,500 1,545,000Peakmonthdeppax 175,100 218,875 262,650Averageday 5,603 7,004 8,405BusyDay 10,156 12,695 15,234PeakHour 1,042 1,303 1,563 11

Service StandardsServiceStandardsDefinition: ACI TheACIsurveyseekstomeasurepassengers

ll i f i i h i b ki ioverallsatisfactionwithanairportbyrankingitsperformanceagainstotherairportsintermsofvariousaspectsofanairportsservices

IATA Itdefinessixlevelsofservicestandard,ThesixIATAstandardsfromAtoEmeasure,intermsofm2 peroccupantp

A Anexcellentlevelofservice.B Highlevelofservice.C Goodlevelofservice.D Adequatelevelofservice.E Inadequate level of serviceE Inadequatelevelofservice.F Unacceptablelevelofservice..

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Service StandardsServiceStandardsIATA

A B C D E FCheckInQueueWith2+Bags(Counter) 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.8 0CheckInQueueWithFewBags(SelfService) 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 0Wait/Circulate(WithCarts) 3.3 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.2 0Wait/Circulate 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.4 0.9 0Holdroom 2.6 2.1 1.6 1.3 1 0BagClaimArea 2.6 2 1.7 1.3 1 0

No Descriptionofvariables Value

1 PeakNumberofpassengers 6252 Proportion of passengers using car/tax 0 72 Proportionofpassengersusingcar/tax 0.73 AverageNumberofpassengerspercar/taxi 1.74 Averageoccupancytimeperpassengers/visitors(minutes) 205 Average curb occupancy time per car/taxi (minutes) 1 55 Averagecurboccupancytimepercar/taxi(minutes) 1.56 Numberofvisitorsperpassengers 1.57 AverageprocessingtimeperpassengersCHECKin(minutes) 2 13

Baggage claim areaBaggageclaimarea

BAGGAGE CLAIM AREABAGGAGECLAIMAREA

Data Required:DataRequired:e=PeakHournumberofpassengers 625.00w=Averageoccupancytimeperpassengersg p y p p g(minutes) 30.00s=Spacerequiredperpassengers(m2) 1.80

A=

A= 618.75 14

Calculating demandCalculatingdemandPASSPORTCONTROLARRIVALDataRequired:d = Peak Hour number of passengers 625

QUEUINGAREACHECKIN

a=Peakhournumberofpassengers 625d=PeakHournumberofpassengers 625t3=averageprocessingtimeperpassengers(minutes) 0.50ControlPositionsrequired:

s=Spacerequiredperpassengers(m2) 1.5

A=sx

M= 5.73

CHECKIN DESKS DEPARTURECONCOURSE

A=QUEUINGAREACHECKIN 171.9

CHECK INDESKS

Datarequired:

a=Peakhournumberofpassengers 625t1=Averageprocessingtimeperpassengers(minutes) 2

Datarequired:a=PeakHournumberofpassengers 625y=Averageoccupancytimeperpassengers/visitors(minutes) 20s = Space required per person (m2) 1 5

N=

Desk Required:

s=Spacerequiredperperson(m2) 1.5o=Numberofvisitorsperpassengers 1.5

DeskRequired:

N= 20.83

N+10% 22.92

1.5

A=DEPARTURECONCOURSE1171.8

7515

Year 2010 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030Peak Unit Actual 625 834 1042 1146 1303

1 DEPARTURECURBSm2

30 48 61 76 84 95m2

2 DEPARTURECONCOURSE 240 1,219 1,564 1,954 2,149 2,443

3 QUEUINGAREACHECKINm2

240 179 229 287 315 358

4 CHECKINDESKSpcs

14 24 31 38 42 48

5 PASSPORTCONTROLm2

4 4 5 6 6 7

6 SECURITYCHECKpcs

2 2 3 3 4 4m2

7 DEPARTURELOUNGE 480 1,001 1,284 1,605 1,765 2,007

8 SECURITYCHECK GATEHOLDROOMpcs

1 1 1 1 1 1

9 GATEHOLDROOM:m2

100 210 210 210 210 210

i i i lArrivingterminal

1 ARRIVALQUEUINGAREA PASSPORTCONTROLm2

50 163 209 261 287 326

2 PASSPORTCONTROLARRIVALm2

4 6 8 10 11 12m2

3 BAGGAGECLAIMAREA

m2

480 644 826 1,032 1,135 1,290

5 NUMBEROFBAGGAGECLAIMDEVICESpcs

2 2 2 3 3 3pcs

6 QUEUINGAREA ARRIVALCUSTOMS 30 45 57 72 79 90

7ARRIVINGCONCOURSEWAITINGAREA(EXCLUDINGCONCESSIONS)

pcs

100 644 826 1,032 1,135 1,290

8 ARRIVALCUBSpcs

30 41 52 65 72 82

Gross terminal areaGrossterminalareaPIAplannedSpacerequired: %

Commercialspace 35%

Passengersprocessing 40%

S t 25%

VS.

Supportspace 25%

Othernonusable 5% Source: FAA

GROSSTERMINALAREA(m2)2010

(actual) 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Lowtrafficscenarios 4,060 11,101 12,400 14,087 15,775 17,463

Midtrafficscenario 4,060 11,101 14,087 17,463 19,150 21,698

Hightrafficscenarios 4,060 11,101 15,775 20,010 24,229 25,91717

Capacity calculationsCapacitycalculationsComparisonofgrossterminalareabyscenarios:

The difference between low and high scenario isThedifferencebetweenlowandhighscenarioisupto50%oftotalarearequired

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Financial ImplicationsFinancialImplications Thetotalcostisdeterminedbythesquaremeterontotal areas and selected areas of terminaltotalareasandselectedareasofterminal

Costperbuildingterminalvariesgreatly,averageofp g g y, g3,000Europersquaremetersistakenasreference

InvestmentSchedule(millions) 2015 2020 2025 2030 TOTAL

Low 37 5 5 5 52Mid 42 10 5 7 65

TheO&Mcostpertoterminalbuildingsisbetween115$ to 860$ per square meter of the gross terminal

High 47 12 12 5 77

115$to860$persquaremeter,ofthegrossterminalareaannually

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ConclusionsConclusions Scenariosbaseforecastwasnecessarytoconsiderthe

alternatives in air traffic growthalternativesinairtrafficgrowth.

Theplanningprocessitselfisbasedontheservicequalitymeasuredintermofm2perpassengers.

Final gross terminal area is determine by the passengerFinalgrossterminalareaisdeterminebythepassengerprocessingareas,nonpublicsupportareasandcommercialareasbutlocalcircumstancesmatters.

ConsideringinvestmentcosttoexpandterminalareaandalsothecostofO&Mbeinglinkedtototalareaoftheterminal PIA develop strategies that balance the demandterminal,PIAdevelopstrategiesthatbalancethedemandforairtrafficandcapacityexpansions.

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RecommendationsRecommendationsPrimary: Phasingexpansion buildingofcapacityis

recommendedtobedonein5yearperiod.

Systematicmeasurementsofserviceleveli th i bl ff ti thmeasuringthevariablesaffectingthepassengers

servicelevels.

Stimulatespreadingtrafficonoffpeakshoursspreading traffic from peak hours to non peakspreadingtrafficfrompeakhourstononpeakhours

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RecommendationsRecommendationsSecondary: Useofhightechtechnology Themostpromisingadvance

islikelytobethroughinformationtechnologyleadingtomachinereadablepassports,andselfticketingatthegateorathomeviatheinternet.

Adoptable structure of terminal This can be done byAdoptablestructureofterminal Thiscanbedonebyaddingadditionalmodularsectiontoamainbuildingorbyreallocatingofareawithinsections.

FutureResearch thesurveybasedresearchonpassengerswillprovidemoreindepthinformationonpassengersexpectationsexpectations

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i ?Anyquestions?

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