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FCJO] MLE@XC]]2RD + 3RD ELQCOHCX 8766

MLE@X] BC IFCJO]2 + 3 ELQCOHXC 8766

]RXF]HLSX@ - AXFEMC


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Mlurs bu WrlacsscurNcfe-Ium Kfde,ifeftlojc bu mlu,Afmuit bc Obcmjecbc ]trfshlur`,8 bmcohrc 8767

f.

Vuy f-t-ji bfesic vcetrc < > ce rcpiffetue ue ics lr`fecsprjemjpfux bue hustc,ic vjsjtcur fpprdcebcijetrjcur bc sle mlrps

ct sle alemtjleecocet

h.

Pjce,stcrrcjmdjsmdcEftjlefihjhijltdck,ocbjmus`r. 6, a. 886v

m. b.

Quc bfrtjstc bueprlnct bcxpilrftjlerlhltjsc bu sliofrtjce

C]F

a.

Feftlojc bue uabc Mjlef jetcstjefijs.Wdltl`rfpdjcct rcmlestjtutjleeuorjquc

c.

Jof`c cxtrfjtc bc if srjctivjsuciic fe`ifjsc Mlib Mfsc, cequtcsbfes ic pfss . Ciic cstiuvrc bcs prlacsscursMfrlijec Pjikjeslect Mfrlijec Crlijebc iSejvcrsjtbc Buebcc

d.

Xcprscetftjlebue trlu eljrfvcm ojssjlesofssjvcs bcrfyleecocets T

C]F

`.

]ftciijtc Wifemkce rltftjle suriuj-ooc ce trfjebc smfeecr ic mjci

C]F


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ALXSOAFMSIR BC OBCMJECBC ]RXF]HLSX@2, XSC KJX]MDIC@CX]RXF]HLSX@

MLE@X] BC IFCJO]2 + 3 ELQCOHXC 8766

FCJO] MLE@XC]]

2RD + 3RD ELQCOHCX 8766Mle`rcssprlmccbje`s

Fmtcsbu mle`rs


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p.1

MifusIfrsce

Wrsjbcetbc iFCJO]

FCJO]Wrcsjbcet

Mdcrs mlii`ucs ct fojs, Ocsbfocs, Ocssjcurs,

I'Fsslmjftjle Curlpceec bcs Jiiustrftcurs Objmfux ct]mjcetjstqucs (FCJO]) f t mrc ce Arfemc, ]trfshlur`,ce 6:41, slus if bjrcmtjle bc Wjcrrc Kucetz fu scjebc i'mlic suprjcurc bcs frts bmlrftjas bc ]trfshlur`.Ilhncmtja bc iFCJO] cst bc abrcr bcs frtjstcs, jiiustrftcursct smuiptcurs, tlus prlacssjleecis cxcrfet bfes ic mdfopbc ijiiustrftjle smjcetjstquc ct objmfic. IFsslmjftjlef plur hut bc prloluvljr ijof`c bcssjec mlooc vcmtcurbc if mleefjssfemc smjcetjstquc ct bc mlestjtucr ue rscfubjiiustrftcurs imdciic curlpceec. Elus sludfjtlesprscetcr ct afjrc rcmleeftrc ic trfvfji qufijst quj cstcaacmtu pfr ics bjaarcets ocohrcs bc iFCJO] ; cemlurf`cr

ilr`fejsftjle ct ic bvcilppcocet bc alroftjles spmjfijscs ;prloluvljr if prlacssjle pfr ic hjfjs b'cxplsjtjles, bc puhijmftjlesct ceste fjbcr ijescrtjle bcs tubjfets bfes if prlacssjle.Elus elus ruejssles fu oljes uec aljs pfr fe i'lmmfsjleb'ue mle`rs fste bc pfrtf`cr els cxprjcemcs prlacssjleeciics,ics qucstjles ijcs ifmtufijt, ct mletrjhucr afjrc vliucrif prlacssjle, jeelvcr. IFCJO] bjsplsc bslrofjs bueeluvcfu sjtc Jetcrect luvcrt if mloouefut bc scs ocohrcsct fu `rfeb puhijm fste bc objftjscr scs bjvcrscs fmtjvjts

imdciic jetcreftjlefic. Nc sludfjtcrfjs cxprjocr jmjof sjemrc `rftjtubc ct eltrc rcmleefjssfemc tlus icsmlearcemjcrs, ics pfrtjmjpfets, ics pfrtcefjrcs puhijmsct prjvs, ct surtlut fu mlojt lr`fejsftcur plur icurmletrjhutjle jecstjofhic bfes i'ifhlrftjle bu 8=cmle`rsbc i'FCJO] ]trfshlur`. Mct vecocet cst `ficoceti'lmmfsjle bc mihrcr ics 83 fes bc eltrc fsslmjftjle. vlus tlus, ocrmj bc vltrc prscemc ct slycz ics hjcevceus mcs bcux nlurecs b'mdfe`cs quj prlocttcet b'trc rjmdcs

ct pfssjleefetcs.


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p.0

Bcfr Mliicf`ucs, Bcfr Arjcebs, Ifbjcs feb @ceticoce,

Rdc Curlpcfe Fsslmjftjle la Ocbjmfi feb ]mjcetjstm Jiiustrftlrs(FCJO]) wfs mrcftcb je ]trfshlur` Arfemc, uebcr tdc icfbcrsdjpla Wjcrrc Kucetz ft tdc mlic suprjcurc bcs frts bmlrftjasla ]trfshlur` je 6:41. Rdc lhncmtjvc la FCJO] js tl hrje` fiiprlacssjlefis (frtjsts, jiiustrftlrs feb smuiptlrs) je tdc stcibla ]mjcetjstm feb Ocbjmfi Jiiustrftjle tl`ctdcr feb prloltctdc brfwe jof`c fs f vcmtlr la smjcetjstm kelwicb`c febtl mrcftc f ectwlrk fole` jiiustrftlrs ft tdc Curlpcfe icvci.Pc wjsd tl jetrlbumc feb fmkelwicb`c tdc skjiicb wlrk tdftjs pcralrocb hy tdc bjaacrcet FCJO] ocohcrs; cemlurf`ctdc Lr`fejzftjle feb tdc bcvcilpocet la spcmjfijzcb trfjeje`,tl prloltc tdc prlacssjle tdrlu`d cxdjhjtjles feb puhijmftjles,

feb stefiiy dcip tdc jetc`rftjle la stubcets jetl tdc prlacssjle.Pc occt ft icfst cvcry ltdcr ycfr burje` f Mle`rcss, wdcrc wcsdfrc lur prlacssjlefi cxpcrjcemcs, bjsmuss jssucs rciftcb tlmurrcet cvcets feb `cecrftc jeelvftjle wjtdje tdc prlacssjle.FCJO] dfs nust ifuemdcb f ecw wchsjtc lpce tl ocohcrs lalur mloouejty feb tdc `cecrfi puhijm, tl scrvc lur fmtjvjtjcsjetcreftjlefiiy. J wluib ijkc tl cxprcss oy sjemcrc `rftjtubc febfpprcmjftjle tl fii spcfkcrs, pfrtjmjpfets, fii puhijm feb prjvftcpfrtecrs, feb cspcmjfiiy tl tdc Lr`fejzje` Mloojttcc alr tdcjr

jevfiufhic mletrjhutjles je lr`fejzje` tdc 8=rb FCJO] Mle`rcssje ]trfshlur`. Rdjs cvcet js fisl fe lpplrtuejty tl mcichrftc tdc83td feejvcrsfry la lur Fsslmjftjle.J wluib ijkc tl wcimloc fii la ylu. Rdfek ylu alr ylur prcscemcfeb mletrjhutjles tdft prlojsc tl ofkc tdc ecxt twl bfysla bjsmussjles rjmd feb cxmjtje`!


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LijvjcrWlemcr

Ics smjcemcs tciics quc if obcmjec ct if hjlil`jc slet elurrjcsbc ilhscrvftjle bu rci. Ce ooc tcops, elus sfvles mlohjceif pifmc ct ic ric bc ijof`c slet csscetjcis bfes if rcmdcrmdc,if prftjquc ct icescjècocet. Fjesj, ic 8=cmle`rs bc iFCJO] Bu rci ijof`c rc`rlupc bcs jiiustrftcurs, bcs cescjèfets,bcs mdcrmdcurs, bcs obcmjes ct bcs uejvcrsjtfjrcs ct sc

prlplsc bc rmdjr fux rfpplrts quc ics jof`cs objmfics ctsmjcetjstqucs tjsscet fvcm ic rci, ce pfrtjmuijcr mloocet ciicsitubjcet ct ic trfbujscet `rfpdjqucocet. Mcttc tdoftjqucscrf fhlrbc bfes ic mfbrc bue mliilquc ct buec cxplsjtjle.Ics fpprlmdcs pbf`l`jqucs ct ics prftjqucs bcescjècocetbc mcttc alroc pfrtjmuijrc bjiiustrftjle acrlet `ficocetilhnct bcxplss ct bmdfe`cs.Ijiiustrftcur objmfi ct smjcetjstquc cst if aljs futcurct objftcur. if nlemtjle cetrc ifrt ct if smjcemc,

ics jiiustrftjles quji rfijsc jetcrrl`cet trs prmjsocetics rciftjles cxjstfet cetrc ue cxpcrt ct sle objftcur.Ic mle`rs Bu rci ijof`c f plur fohjtjle bcxfojecrmcs bcux rics ct mcs rciftjles >

Le pcut bjrc quc sfes ifrtbu bcssje, idjstljrc efturciicct ifeftlojc, tciics quciicscxjstcet funlurbduj, furfjcett joplssjhics.

@clr`cs Muvjcr,Xfpplrt ifmfbojc

bcs ]mjcemcs sur iluvrf`c

bc O. O. Hlur`cry ct Nfmlh(68 Ofrs 64=8)

Jetrlbumtjle

Futcur jiiustrftcur bjtjle ncuecssc.Cescjèfet,rcsplesfhic bc iftcijcrbc Bjbfmtjquc vjsuciicct mllrbjeftcurbc ilptjleMloouejmftjle imlic suprjcurcbcs frts bmlrftjasbc ]trfshlur`.Bjrcmtjle èrficbu mle`rs bc iFCJO]8766 ]trfshlur`.Mloojssfrjftbc icxplsjtjle Feftlojcbuec jof`c .

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Rdc smjcemcs, sumd fs ocbjmjec feb hjlil`y, frc efturfiiyeurturcb le lhscrvftjles la rcfijty. Rdc rlic feb joplrtfemc latdc jof`c, dlwcvcr, js cqufiiy csscetjfi tl tdc rcscfrmd, prfmtjmcfeb pcbf`l`y la smjcemc. Jt js alr tdjs rcfsle tdft tdc 8=rb FCJO]Mle`rcss Xcfijty tdrlu`d Jof`c hrje`s jiiustrftlrs, tcfmdcrs,rcscfrmdcrs, ocbjmfi blmtlrs feb fmfbcojms tl`ctdcr. Jt fjos tl

stjouiftc us tl tdjek fhlut tdc rciftjlesdjps hctwcce ocbjmfifeb smjcetjstm jof`cs feb tdc rcfijty tdcy rcprcscet, cspcmjfiiytdc wfys je wdjmd smjcemc feb ocbjmjec stuby feb trfesiftcrcfijty jetl `rfpdjm alros. Rdjs suhncmt wjii hc fbbrcsscb jef scojefr feb fe cxdjhjtjle je tdc mlursc la tdjs mleacrcemc;pcbf`l`jmfi fpprlfmdcs feb tcfmdje` prfmtjmcs la tdjs pfrtjmuifralro la jiiustrftjle wjii fisl hc tdc tlpjm la vfrjlus prcscetftjlesfeb bjsmussjles.Rdc ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm jiiustrftlr js hltd f mrcftjvc futdlr

feb f ocbjftlr. ]tfebje` ft tdc nuemtjle hctwcce frt febsmjcemc, djs/dcr jiiustrftjles qucstjle tdc prcmjsc rciftjlesdjpshctwcce fe cxpcrt feb djs ocbjftlr. Rdc Mle`rcss Xcfijtytdrlu`d Jof`c fjos tl cxfojec tdcsc twl rlics feb tdcjr

Pc mfe sfy tdft wjtdlut tdc frt labrfwje`, efturfi djstlry feb feftloy,sumd fs wc kelw tdco elwfbfys,wluib dfvc hcce joplssjhic.

@clr`cs Muvjcr,Xfpplrt ifmfbojc

bcs ]mjcemcs sur iluvrf`c

bc O. O. Hlur`cry ct Nfmlh(68td Ofrmd 64=8)

Jetrlbumtjle

Futdlr, Jiiustrftlr Zlutd Cbjtjle.Rcfmdcr, Dcfbla tdc BjbfmtjqucQjsuciic Bcpfrtocetfeb Mllrbjeftlrla tdc Mloouejmftjlescmtjle ft tdc mlicsuprjcurc bcsfrts bmlrftjasla ]trfshlur`.@cecrfi Ofef`crla tdc 8766 FCJO]Mle`rcssje ]trfshlur`.Murftlr la tdccxdjhjtjleFeftloyla fe Jof`c.

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quci cst ic ric bu bcssje l sc mlenuùcet cxprcssjlefrtjstjquc ct lutji pbf`l`jquc < mloocet if mlemcptjle bc ijiiustrftjle objmficct smjcetjstquc rpleb-ciic fux cxj`cemcsbjevcetjle, bc prmjsjle ct bjetciij`jhjijt bc ijof`c < quciics slet ics rciftjles cetrc iusf`c bcs jof`cs

ct ics tcmdelil`jcs (bc mrftjle, bc bjaausjle, ct bc icmturc)ojscs ce uvrc bcs mdcrmdcurs ct bcs uejvcrsjtfjrcspfrtf`crlet icurs rcxjles tdlrjqucs ct fefiytjqucs ;bcs jiiustrftcurs toljècrlet bc icur fpprlmdc, bc icurs

cxprjcemcs ct bc icurs qucstjleecocets sjeùijcrs.Ics jetcrvcetjles scrlet buec `rfebc bjvcrsjt >ics vjsufijsftjles mciiuifjrcs mlooc ics rcprscetftjlesbu mlsols ; itubc bc ifeftlojc mlooc ics eluvcfuxlutjis bc alroftjle bcs mdjrur`jces ; if pfrt bc efrrftjlebfes ijiiustrftjle smjcetjstquc, mlooc if bofrmdctdjquc quciic rcqujcrt.IcxplsjtjleFilrs quciics elus fmmlopfècet fu qultjbjce, ics jof`cs

smjcetjstqucs ct objmfics slet pfrfblxficocet ofijbcetjstcs. Bfes if muiturc feìl-sfxleec, mc typc bjof`cscst plpuifjrc ct cstjo. Ciics alet ooc ilhnct btubcsspmjstqucs bc if pfrt bc mcrtfjes djstlrjces bc ifrt lu bcsojlilùcs. Ics srjcs plijmjrcs, ics srjcs bcequtc ctbjevcstj`ftjle smjcetjstquc, alet fppci if obcmjec objml-i`fic ct scs tcmdelil`jcs ; ciics slet uec trs castmfmc vljcbc objftjsftjle bc mc typc bjof`cs. Icxplsjtjle Feftlojcbuec jof`c f plur lhncmtja prcojcr bc afjrc ue tft bcs ijcux

bc if prlacssjle bjiiustrftcur objmfi ct smjcetjstquc ce Curlpcct fux tfts-Sejs ce bjrcmtjle bu `rfeb puhijm, bc rvicrif bjvcrsjt bcs mletcxtcs bc prlbumtjle, mlooc bcsprlmcssus bc mrftjle bc mcs jiiustrftjles.Icxplsjtjle mloprceb trljs cspfmcs > ue cspfmc bjbfmtjquc prscetfet 8= jiiustrftcursjetcreftjlefux, btfjiifet ct fefiysfet plur mdfmue ics tfpcsbc mrftjle buec bc icurs jiiustrftjles ; ue cspfmc djstlrjquc ce 66 pfeecfux laarfet quciqucs

rcprcs ct rarcemcs micas sur idjstljrc ct ics vliutjlesbc ijiiustrftjle objmfic ct smjcetjstquc ; ue cspfmc ficrjc pcrocttfet bjaarcets jiiustrftcursbcxplscr fu oljes bcux jof`cs i`cebcs bc icur mlemcptjle. p.67


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rciftjles hy fskje` tdc aliilwje` qucstjles> Pdft js tdc auemtjle la tdc brfwje` wdjmd tures fe frtjstjmcxprcssjle jetl fe cbumftjlefi tlli< Dlw bl tdc bcsj`es uscb je ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm jiiustrftjlefeswcr tl tdc rcqujrcocets la f mldcrcet jof`c, wjtd fmmurfmyfeb jetciij`jhjijty F bjbfmtjm spfmc wdjmd prcscets 8= jetcreftjlefijiiustrftlrs, bctfjije` feb fefiysje` alr cfmd la tdcotdc jejtjfi stf`cs la mrcftjle la f sfopic wlrk; Fe djstlrjmfi spfmc wjtd 66 pfecis tdft dj`dij`dt sj`ejstmfethcemdofrks feb kcy rcacrcemcs je tdc djstlry feb cvliutjlela ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm jiiustrftjle;

F `fiicry spfmc wdjmd fiilws f vfrjcty la jiiustrftlrstl cxdjhjt ft icfst twl la tdcjr jof`cs wjtd rcicvfet mfptjles.Rdc 8= jiiustrftlrs dfvc hcce scicmtcb alr tdc qufijty la tdcjrwlrk, hut fisl hcmfusc la tdc vfrjcty la wfys tdcy ict us jbcetjay p.66


12/108

Ics 8= jiiustrftcurs let t sicmtjlees plur if qufijt bc icurstrfvfux, ofjs fussj pfrmc qujis pcrocttcet bc sfjsjr if vfrjtbcs mdfops bfppijmftjles ct bjbcetjstcr bjaarcets olbcsbfpprlmdcs prlprcs fux pfys rcprscets. Ce trljtcmliifhlrftjle fvcm mdfmue bcetrc cux, elus fvles rcmlestjtuic prlmcssus bc mrftjle buec bc icurs jiiustrftjles >

bc if mloofebc fux prcojcrs mrfylees, fux tfpcs bcmlrrcmtjle, nusqu ijiiustrftjle bstejtjvc ct sle jet`rftjlebfes ic supplrt bjtlrjfi.

Ijiiustrftjle objmfic ct smjcetjstquc f uec djstljrc.Bs iFetjqujt, ijof`c cst vceuc ce fppuj bu tcxtc plurjbcetjstcr ics mfrfmtrcs buec pifetc, eltcr itft bcsmleefjssfemcs feftlojqucs, bmrjrc ue `cstc mdjrur`jmfi.Ics 66 pfeecfux djstlrjqucs octtcet ce pcrspcmtjvc

bjaarcetcs jiiustrftjles ce lhscrvfet ivliutjle mdrlelil`jqucbcs rplescs fpplrtcs bcs prlhioftjqucs sluvcet trsprlmdcs. Jis rvicet ce qulj elohrc bc mcs mlestrumtjles`rfpdjqucs slet cemlrc bfmtufijt. Icxplsjtjle Feftlojcbuec jof`c tcetc bc rslubrc ic pfrfblxc quc mlestjtucif prscetftjle bjiiustrftjles. Ics jiiustrftjles ec slet pfsbc hciics jof`cs futlelocs quj sfastmdcet ct sfpprmjcetslus mfbrc. Eltrc vlilet cst bfttfmdcr mdfmuec bcetrc ciics sle mletcxtc bjtlrjfi, bc ijesmrjrc bfes sle prlmcssus bc

mrftjle, bc ec pfs bmlestrujrc if ojsc ce pf`c bfes ifquciicciic sjet`rc, bc ec pfs hrjscr ic rfpplrt fux tcxtcs ct fuxi`cebcs quj itfycet.Ics jiiustrftcurs quj sc spmjfijscet bfes if mrftjle bjof`cstcmdejqucs, efturfijstcs ct objmfics jevcstjsscet ue cspfmcpfrtf` vcrs icquci mlevcr`cet ifrt ct if smjcemc. Jis letsluvcet rcmlurs if pdltl`rfpdjc ct ijof`crjc objmfic,ofjs ic bcssje bcocurc ofi`r tlut, pfr ijetciij`cemc bu `cstcquji rcqujcrt ct sle alrojbfhic pluvljr bjbfmtjquc, ilutji qujis

prjvji`jcet. If ofje quj bcssjec, sfjsjt ct rvic mc quciic trfmcsur ic pfpjcr, rpleb fux lhncmtjas bc objftjle mlooc ifohjtjle buec vrjtfhic cxprcssjle frtjstjquc.

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tdc frcfs la fppijmftjle feb typcs la fpprlfmd spcmjstm tltdc mluetrjcs rcprcscetcb. Je milsc mllpcrftjle wjtd cfmdjiiustrftlr, wc dfvc rcmlestjtutcb tdcjr prlmcss la mrcftjle>arlo tdc jejtjfi lrbcrje`, tl tdc strst skctmdcs, tdrlu`d tdcstcps la mlrrcmtjle, uetji tdc stefi jiiustrftjle feb jts jetc`rftjlejetl tdc cbjtlrjfi prlmcss feb prllste`.

Ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm jiiustrftjle dfs f djstlry. Arlo fetjqujty,tdc jof`c wfs f supplrt alr tdc tcxt, dcipje` tl jbcetjay tdcmdfrfmtcrjstjms la f pifet, eltc tdc stftc la feftlojmfikelwicb`c, lr bcsmrjhc f sur`jmfi prlmcburc. Rdc 66 djstlrjmfipfecis prcscet jiiustrftjles tdft rcspcmt tdc mdrlelil`jmficvliutjle la vcry bjaacrcet rcsplescs tl sjojifr jssucs. Rdcyrcvcfi dlw ofey la tdcsc jiiustrftjles frc stjii `rfpdjmfiiyrcicvfet tlbfy. Rdc cxdjhjtjle Feftloy la fe Jof`c fttcopts

tl rcslivc tdc pfrfblx afmje` fe jiiustrftlr je tdc stcib labjbfmtjm frt. Djs/dcr jiiustrftjles frc elt hcfutjaui jof`cstl hc fbojrcb je tdc fhstrfmt feb pifmcb wjtdje f arfoc.Pc wfet tl lhscrvc cfmd wjtdje jts cbjtlrjfi mletcxt, scc cfmdfs f prlmcss la mrcftjle, feb elt bcmlestrumt tdc ifylut jewdjmd jt stts, lr bjsilmftc jts rciftjlesdjp tl tcxts feb mfptjles.Jiiustrftlrs wdl spcmjfijzc je tcmdejmfi, efturfijst feb ocbjmfircprcscetftjle jevcst je f sdfrcb spfmc hctwcce frt febsmjcemc. Rdcy latce usc pdltl`rfpdy feb ocbjmfi jof`je`

tl lhtfje tdcjr rcsuits, hut alr tdc jetciij`cemc la tdc frt tdftjt rcqujrcs feb alr jts `rcftcr bjbfmtjm plwcr, tdc tlli wdjmdjiiustrftlrs olst prcacr rcofjes tdc brfwje`. Rdc dfeb tdftbrfws, tdft rcvcfis feb mloofebs wdft jt trfmcs le tdc pfpcr,occts fii tdc lhncmtjvcs la ocbjftjle wdjic ft tdc sfoc tjocdfvje` fii tdc fohjtjles la truc frtjstjm cxprcssjle.

Mcs jof`cs slet cxtrfjtcsbc if srjc tivjsuciicfeìfjsc Mlib Mfsc,cequtcs bfes ic pfss ,ciics slet iuvrc bcsprlacsscurs MfrlijecPjikjesle ct Mfrlijec Crlijebc iSejvcrsjt bc Buebcc.Ciics btfjiicet ics tfpcsbc i'cequtc ocec plurjbcetjstcr ic squcicttcbue dlooc cxduo ilrsbcs alujiics fu mdtcfubc ]tjrije` ce mlssc(olrt ji y f sjx mcets fes).Mcttc rcofrqufhiccxprjcemc bc objftjsf-tjle bcs otjcrs ct bcsprftjqucs bc i'jiiustrftjlesmjcetjstquc ct objmficcxpijquc bc afle trsbjbfmtjquc mloocet icsjevcstj`ftjles djstlrjqucsbjfilùcet fvcm ics cxpcr-

tjscs smjcetjstqucspfr ijetcrobjfjrcbc ijof`c. pfrtjr bc ifefiyscbc ifsscohif`c vjrtucibcs lsscocets bu mrecolbijss ce =B, uecrcmlestrumtjle afmjficf t bbujtc, rvifetic vjsf`c bu mdcvfijcr.

Rdcsc jof`cs dfvc hccetfkce arlo tdc Ceìjsdtcicvjsjle scrjcs DjstlryMlib Mfsc. Rdcy frc tdc

wlrk la tdc tcfmdcrsMfrlijec Pjikjesle febMfrlijec Crlije arloRdc Sejvcrsjty la Buebcc.Rdcy bctfji tdc jevcstj`ftjlestf`cs fjoje` tl jbcetjaytdc skcictle la f ofe wdlbjcb sjx duebrcb ycfrs f`lalueb burje` cxmfvftjles ft]tjrije` Mfstic je ]mltifeb.Rdc ocbjf mlvcrf`c la tdjsrcofrkfhic cxpcrjocetijekje` tdc prlacssjlefeb prfmtjmc la smjcetjstsfeb ocbjmfi jiiustrftlrs

cxpifjes je f je f micfr febcxpijmjt wfy dlw f djstlrjmfijevcstj`ftjle jetcrfmts wjtdsmjcetjstm cxpcrtjsc tdrlu`dtdc jof`c. Hy fefiysje` tdcvjrtufi fsscohiy la tdc skuiihlecs je =B, f afmjfircmlestrumtjle wfs mrcftcbrcvcfije` tdc vjrtufi afmcla tdc bcfb kej`dt.

p.6=


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p.62

Ijiiustrftjle objmfic

bfes iFetjqujtStjijsftjle bu bcssje bfesicescjècocet bc ifeftlojc duofjec

]trft`jcs efrrftjvcs vjsuciicsbfes ics jiiustrftjles objmficsct smjcetjstqucs

Icevcrs bu bmlr ; ue futrc pljetbc vuc sur idpjtfi

I'dpjtfi, if vjc, if olrt

If vuc bfrtjstc bfes ijiiustrftjlesmjcetjstquc. tubc sojltjquc

buec stmtjle smjcetjstquc

64

82

=7

=1

28

24

]tfvrls Ifzfrjs

Mdcrmdcur fu MEX] | Arfemc

Wdjijppc MifvcrtWrlacsscur bfeftlojc | Arfemc

]dciicy PfiiJiiustrftrjmc objmfic

ct smjcetjstquc / Mdfr`c

bcescjècocet | Mfefbf

Hebjmtc OjeùctBlmtcur ce Wsymdlil`jc /

Oftrc bc mlearcemc | Hci`jquc

Eliic DcrrcesmdojbtXcplrtcr fqufrciijstc | Arfemc

Hcrefrb Bfrrfs]ojltjmjce fu Mcetrc

bc Xcmdcrmdc Jof`cs, Muiturcsct Mlèjtjles ; Sejvcrsjt Wfrjs 6

Wfetdle-]lrhleec | Arfemc

Wrl`rfoocbcs mloouejmftjlesMLE@X] BC IFCJO]2 + 3 ELQCOHXC 8766

]RXF]HLSX@ - AXFEMC


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p.63

Rdc ocbjmfi jiiustrftjle

je FetjqujtyRdc usc la brfwje` je DuofeFeftloy tcfmdje`

Qjsufi efrrftjvc strftc`jcs je ocbjmfifeb smjcetjstm jiiustrftjle

Hcdjeb tdc smcecs; feltdcr

pljet la vjcw le tdc dlspjtfi

I'dpjtfi, if vjc, if olrt

Rdc Frtjsts vjcwje smjcetjstm jiiustrftjle.F scojltjm stuby

la f smjcetjstm stmtjle

64

82

=7

=1

28

24

]tfvrls Ifzfrjs

Xcscfrmdcr ft tdc MEX] | Arfemc

Wdjijppc MifvcrtWrlacsslr la Feftloy | Arfemc

]dciicy PfiiOcbjmfi jiiustrftlr/

Fssjstfet Wrlacsslr | Mfefbf

Hebjmtc Oje`uctBlmtlr la Wsymdlil`y/Icmturcr

ft tdc Sejvcrsjty | Hci`juo

Eliic DcrrcesmdojbtPftcrmlilrjst Xcplrtcr | Arfemc

Hcrefrb Bfrrfs]cojltjmjfe ft tdc Mcetrc

bc Xcmdcrmdc Jof`cs, Muiturcs

ct Ml`ejtjles ; Sejvcrsjt Wfrjs 6Wfetdle-]lrhleec | Arfemc

WfpcrsWrl`rfoocFCJO] MLE@XC]]2RD + 3RD ELQCOHCX 8766

]RXF]HLSX@ - AXFEMC


16/108

p.61

32

17

11

07

02

47

42

:7

:1

Mdrjstlpdc MfrrcfuXcsplesfhic bc if prlbumtjle

`rfpdjquc plur ic Bjrcmtlrft

bc if ]mjcemc bc iF`cemc ]pftjfic

Curlpceec | Wfys-Hfs

Ifurcemc OcsijeJeèjcur Bcsjècr ce frts

`rfpdjqucs, MEX] | Arfemc

Mifjrc-Pjtt BcùjiifuocJiiustrftrjmc smjcetjstquc | Arfemc

Arbrjm XlscMl-alebftcur ct bjrcmtcur

bFefoecsjf | Arfemc

Ofrm HffbceMdcrmdcur fu MEX] ijetcrafmc

mdjojc-hjlil`jc-jealroftjquc | Arfemc

Rdlofs WfrcetBjrcmtcur tcmdejquc bc PcH]ur`

ct

Mftdcrjec Mcrs

Jiiustrftrjmc objmficPcH]ur` JXMFB | Arfemc

]fb DfseflujMdfr` bc ifmtjle ce tcrrjtljrc,

Nfrbje bcs ]mjcemcs bc iSejvcrsjt

bc ]trfshlur` | Arfemc

Bjfef OfrqucsJiiustrftrjmc smjcetjstquc /

cescjèfetc | Wlrtu`fi

Wfuijec HureciXcsplesfhic bu scrvjmc

Bvcilppcocet, Mloouejmftjle,

Mloouejmftjle, Jeelvftjle

ct

Mdrjstci Ic BciijluMdfr`c bcs cxplsjtjles tcoplrfjrcs

ic Qfjsscfu | Arfemc

Bu bvcilppcocet bcs sftciijtcsfux rsuitfts smjcetjstqucs >bjaarcetcs fpprlmdcs `rfpdjqucs

Wrftjquc bc ijiiustrftjle ce smjcemcsbc ivliutjle > quciic pifmc fmmlrbcr itdjquc cxcopics, tft bc ifrtct pcrspcmtjvcs

PcH]ur`, if rarcemcce c-icfreje` mdjrur`jmfi

Muiturc smjcetjstquc > qufeb ijof`cmfptc bc eluvcfux puhijms

Ncfe-Dcerj Afhrc ct scs jescmtcs

Vufeb icxprjocetftjle afjt jof`c...


17/108

p.60

Mdrjstlpdc Mfrrcfu@rfpdjm prlbumtjle Ofef`cr alr tdc

Bjrcmtlrftc la ]mjcemc la tdc Curlpcfe

]pfmc F`cemy | Ectdcrifebs

Ifurcemc Ocsije

@rfpdjms Bcsj`e Ce`jeccr,MEX] | Arfemc

Mifjrc-Pjtt Bc`ujiifuoc]mjcetjstm jiiustrftlr | Arfemc

Arbrjm XlscMl-aluebcr feb bjrcmtlr

la Fefoecsjf | Arfemc

Ofrm HffbceXcscfrmdcr ft MEX] stubyje`

tdc mdcojstry-hjlil`y-mloputcr

smjcemc jetcrafmc | Arfemc

Rdlofs WfrcetPcH]ur` Mdjca Rcmdejmfi Lastmcr

feb

Mftdcrjec Mcrs

Ocbjmfi JiiustrftlrPchsur` JXMFB | Arfemc

]fb DfseflujHfs Xdje Wrlncmt Ofef`cr,

Nfrbje bcs ]mjcemcs la tdc Sejvcrsjty

la ]trfshlur` | Arfemc

Bjfef Ofrqucs]mjcetjstm Jiiustrftlr/

Rcfmdcr | Wlrtu`fi

Wfuijec HureciDcfb la Bcvcilpocet,

WX feb Jeelvftjle

ct

Mdrjstci Ic BciijluJe mdfr`c la spcmjfi cxdjhjtjles

ic Qfjsscfu | Arfemc

Arlo sftciijtcs bcvcilpocettl smjcetjstm rcsuits> bjaacrcet`rfpdjmfi fpprlfmdcs

Pdft pifmc bl ctdjms dfvc

je tdc mrfat la jiiustrftjlealr tdc cvliutjlefry smjcemcs cxfopics, stftc-la-frtfeb lutillk

PcH]ur`, tdc rcacrcemc je sur`jmfic-icfreje`

]mjcetjstm muiturc> Pdce tdc jof`cmftmdcs ecw puhijm

Ncfe-Dcerj Afhrc feb djs Jescmts

Pdce cxpcrjocetftjle tfkcstdc alro la fe jof`c...

32

17

11

07

02

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42

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:1


18/108

p.64

Mdcrmdcurfu MEX] - SOX 0722(tubc bcs mjvjijsftjlesbc iFetjqujt)Bjsmjpijec > Mjvjijsftjlehyzfetjec

Wrjemjpfux blofjecsbc rcmdcrmdc > Alemtjlesct utjijsftjles bcijiiustrftjle smjcetjstquc Hyzfemc ; Xciftjlescetrc idloocct ifejofi bfesiFetjqujt tfrbjvcct Hyzfemc ; Muiturcsvjsuciics bc iFetjqujt.

Se survli bc icescohic bcs uvrcs mlescrvcs afjt fppfrftrcic elohrc rbujt bc mciics quj slet pfrvceucs jiiustrcs bfesics ofeusmrjts objvfux. Ics pfpyrus `rcms mloplrtfet uectrfmc qucimlequc bjof`cs (pcjeturc lu tlut sjopicocet

st`urcs bcssjecs) slet vrjtfhicocet ce elohrc e`ij`cfhic.Ce mc quj mlemcrec ic scui blofjec objmfi pfroj ics quciquc837 pfpyrus ijttrfjrcs `rcms bc obcmjec jbcetjsts mc nlurce `yptc, le ec mleeft quc bcux cxcopifjrcs jiiustrs >idcrhjcr bc Rchtyejs ct mciuj bFetjelplijs (W.Rcht. 8.10: (bcsmr.)+ W.Rcht.Rfjt =:-26 [? OW= 87:2_ ct W.Nldesle + W.Fet. =.862[? OW= 87:3_) f.Ics spmjfijstcs cssfjcet bcxpijqucr mc elohrc rbujtce octtfet ce fvfet >

ic mlt bc afhrjmftjle ; ic supplrt utjijs, sfvljr ic pfpyrus, quj ec mlevjcebrfjtpfs fux pcjeturcs ; ic alroft copily plur imrjt, mcst--bjrc ic rluicfu,quj ec pcut quc trs bjastmjicocet mletcejr bcs pcjeturcs sfesquciics ec sc mfsscet fu aur ct ocsurc bc iutjijsftjle ; ijemcebjc bc if hjhijltdquc bFicxfebrjc ct if pcrtcbc piusjcurs uvrcs. Mcpcebfet mcs rfjsles, lutrc quciicsec pcuvcet pfs cxpijqucr ciics scuics ic pcu bluvrf`csjiiustrs mlescrvs, ec rsjstcet pfs icxfoce.Mloocet filrs cxpijqucr mc elohrc tciicocet rbujt bcofeusmrjts objvfux jiiustrs < Sec dypltdsc, cemlrc nfofjscxpiljtc pfr ics mdcrmdcurs, cst ijc if afle blet ics tcxtcs

]tfvrlsIfzfrjs

Ijiiustrftjleobjmfic bfesiFetjqujt


19/108

p.6:

Xcscfrmdcrft tdc MEX] - SOX 0722(tubc bcs mjvjijsftjlesbc iFetjqujt)Bjsmjpijec> HyzfetjecMjvjijzftjle

Ofje rcscfrmd frcfs>Auemtjles feb uscsla smjcetjstm jiiustrftjleje Hyzfetjuo; Xciftjleshctwcce ofe febfejofi je Iftc Fetjqujtyfeb Hyzfetjuo; Qjsufifeb muiturfi stubjcsla Fetjqujty.

Rdc ocbjmfijiiustrftjleje Fetjqujty

F qujmk `ifemc ft fii ocbjcvfi ofeusmrjpts sdlws dlwacw frc jiiustrftcb. Cvce acwcr frc tdc @rcck pfpyrj wjtd feykjeb la jiiustrftjle (cjtdcr pfjetcb lr sjopiy brfwe). Fole` tdc837 lr sl @rcck pfpyrj hcfrje` ocbjmfi ijtcrfturc kelwe tlbfy,

tdcrc frc hut twl wjtd jof`cs> tdc Rchtyejs feb Fetjelplijsdcrhfrjuos (W.Rcht. 8.10: (bcsmr.) + W.Rcht.Rfjt =:-26[? OW= 87:2_ feb W.Nldesle + W.Fet. =.862 [? OW= 87:3_) f.Cxpcrts dfvc trjcb tl cxpifje tdjs ijojtcb euohcr hy dj`dij`dtje`tdje`s sumd fs> tdc mlst la ofeuafmturje`; tdc pfpyrus, wdjmd oj`dt elt hc tdc oftcrjfi hcst sujtcbalr pfjetje`s; tdc alroft je wdjmd tdc tcxts wcrc wrjttce, fs f rlii mluib

dfrbiy prcscrvc pfjetje`s fatcr cxtcesjvc usc; tdc strc la tdc ijhrfry la Ficxfebrjf je wdjmd ofey wlrksoj`dt dfvc pcrjsdcb. Ecvcrtdcicss tdcsc rcfsles scco dfrbiysuastmjcet tl cxpifje sumd f sofii euohcr la jiiustrftcb wlrks,feb tdcy bl elt rcsjst tl f bccpcr jevcstj`ftjle.Rdcrcalrc dlw mfe wc cxpifje tdc sofii euohcr la jiiustrftcbocbjcvfi ofeusmrjpts< F ecw dypltdcsjs stfrts wjtd tdc wfytcxts wcrc bjspifycb feb rcfb burje` tdc Fetjqujty. Setjitdc 8ebtl =rbmceturjcs FB ft icfst, olst rcfbcrs wluib dfvc dfbf rlii je tdcjr dfebs, rftdcr tdfe f mlbcx> tdjs ocfet tdcy uscbhltd dfebs, tdc rj`dt lec uerliije` tdc tcxt, tdc icat lec rliije`jt hfmk, sl tdft leiy f scmtjle wfs uemlvcrcb ft f tjoc. Rdc tcxtwfs wrjttce je mliuoes wdjmd wcrc pcrpcebjmuifr tl tdc


20/108

p.87

tfjcet prscets ct ius bfes iFetjqujt. Ijrc ue ijvrc nusqufuxJJc-JJJc sjmics bc eltrc rc sjèjstfjt, bfes if piupfrt bcs mfs,ijrc ue rluicfu > le prcefjt ic rluicfu bcs bcux ofjes, if ofjebrljtc ic brluifjt tfebjs quc if ofje `fumdc icerluifjtfu aur ct ocsurc bc if icmturc, bmluvrfet fjesj uec scmtjle if aljs. Ic tcxtc ijrc, ce mrjturc mletjeuc, sc trluvfjt jesmrjt

ce mlileecs pcrpcebjmuifjrcs fu sces bc brluicocetbu rluicfu bc pfpyrus. Bfes mcs mlebjtjles, ue icmtcur qujcssfyfjt bc oolrjscr ue tcxtc ce vuc bc itubjcr fvfjt tlutjetrt ijrc vljx dfutc, fste bc sc ifjsscr ùjbcr pfr ic rytdocbc if pdrfsc. Sec bcs mfrfmtrjstjqucs alebfocetfics bcifmtjvjt bc icmturc mlesjstfjt nustcocet ce ue icet omfejsocbpciiftjle alrmc. Mcttc ofejrc bc ijrc tfjt if prftjquc ifpius rpfebuc bfes iFetjqujt. Ciic fvfjt plur hut bc rcebrcmloprdcesjhic fu icmtcur ic sces bc imrjturc mletjeuc. ]fes

cspfmcs bc spfrftjle cetrc ics olts, iusf`c, sfes rìcs, bcsofnusmuics quj sluvcet ec bleecet ej jebjmftjle ej lrjcetftjle,if plemtuftjle rfrc, frhjtrfjrc, pcu lu pfs bjaarcemjc, lu hjceooc sle fhscemc tltfic, tlut mcif afjsfjt vjbcoocet bcif icmturc uec lprftjle pejhic, ooc plur ics icmtcurs bc`rfebc muiturc. ]j uec qucimlequc jof`c vcefjt jetcrrloprcmcttc mletjeujt, mct faux bc icttrcs, ji cst vjbcet quji y furfjtue caact bc pcrturhftjle bc if icmturc ct, pfr i ooc, bc ifmloprdcesjle bu tcxtc, bn bjastmjic plemtucr sfes jof`cs.

Iji scrfjt lhij` bc sfutcr prjlbjqucocet ilhstfmicquc if prscemc bc ijof`c furfjt prlbujt ct itubc bu tcxtcpfsscrfjt fu scmleb pife.Elus mloprceles blem afmjicocet quji ecst pfs qucstjlebc rcocttrc ce mfusc ic elohrc buvrcs objmfics jiiustrcsbfes iFetjqujt. Wfr mletrc, sji y ce f sj pcu quj slet pfrvceucsjiiustrcs, mcst pfrmc quc if piupfrt bc mcs jof`cs mjrmuifjtpcebfet ile`tcops spfrocet bu tcxtc plur ec pfs pcrturhcric icmtcur pcebfet ics icmturcs puhijqucs dfutc vljx. Ji afut

mrljrc quciics tfjcet fmmcssjhics dlrs tcxtc, slus alrocbc pifemdcs, qule mlesuitc if ste bc if sfemc bc icmturc.Rrljs pljets vjceecet rcealrmcr mcttc jbc > ijmlel`rfpdjc,if ojsc ce pf`c bcs prcojcrs mlbcx jiiustrs ct ics alemtjlesbc ijof`c objmfic. Mlooceles pfr mcttc bcrejrc. if bjaarcemc bcs uvrcs bc mletceu tcmdejquc (bcsmrjptjlebcs ofmdjecs bcstjecs if ùcrrc lu bfutrcs stes,mlestrumtjle bfutloftcs, fppfrcjis fimdjojqucs, ctm.) lu bcmletceu pdjilslpdjquc (il`jquc), if mloprdcesjle bcs trfjts

objmfux ec bpceb pfs emcssfjrcocet bc rcprscetftjles.Ics jof`cs bfes hle elohrc buvrcs objmfics, eltfoocetbfes ic mfs bcs dcrhjcrs, ec scrvfjcet pfs ele pius bfjbcvjsuciic fu icmtcur plur quji pujssc rctrluvcr bfes if efturc

f.

Ileble, Pciimloc Jestjtutcalr tdc Djstlry la Ocbjmjec(Nldesle Wfpyrus).


21/108

p.86

bjrcmtjle la tdc uerliije`; jt wfs je smrjptjl mletjeuf, wjtd acwspfmcs, ja fey, hctwcce wlrbs lr puemtuftjle. Xcfbje` filubwfs tdc olst mloole prfmtjmc je Fetjqujty, cvce ja lec wfsfilec, feb f `llb rcfbcr wluib ict dcrscia mfrry hy tdc rdytdola tdc scetcemc. Feylec bjsmlvcrje` f tcxt feb tryje` tl icfrefeb stuby jt wluib hc alrmcb tl spcii jt lut, je f rftdcr silw

ocmdfejso. Cvce rcfbcrs wjtd f ilt la muiturc wluib dfvccemluetcrcb prlhicos wjtd tdc ifmk la wlrb bjvjsjle, el uppcrlr ilwcr mfsc, feb olst latce el puemtuftjle, el fmmcets febel hrcftdje`s. Ja fey kjeb la pjmturc wluib dfvc jetcrruptcb tdcsummcssjle la ijecs feb mliuoes, jt js lhvjlus tdft jt wluib dfvcbjsturhcb tdc rcfbje` feb tdcrcalrc tdc uebcrstfebje` jtscia,bjastmuit fs jt wfs. Jt wluib dfvc alrmcb tdc cyc tl pcrjlbjmfiiynuop lvcr tdc lhstfmic mrcftcb hy tdc prcscemc la f pjmturc.Rdjs wluib bjstrfmt tdc rcfbcr arlo tdc stuby la tdc tcxt jtscia.

Rdjs `lcs f ile` wfy tl cxpifje dlw acw femjcet ocbjmfitrcftjscs wjtd jiiustrftjles dfvc hcce prcscrvcb. Le tdc ltdcrdfeb, sumd jof`cs bjb cxjst, hut je feltdcr alroft> tdcy wcrcscpfrftcb arlo tdc tcxt, fs piftcs tlbfy, sl tdft tdcy mluib hcillkcb ft lemc tdc rcfbje` dfb stlppcb. Rdjs ocfes tdft sumdjof`c hllks mluib mjrmuiftc jebcpcebcetiy arlo tdc wrjttcepfrt la tdc hllk, feb cvce bcvcilp f scpfrftc ofeusmrjpttrfbjtjle.Rdrcc cicocets supplrt tdjs jbcf> tdc jmlel`rfpdy, tdc ifylut

la tdc strst jiiustrftcb mlbjmcs feb tdc auemtjles la tdc ocbjmfijof`c. Icts stfrt hy tdc ifttcr lec.Seijkc tcmdejmfi wlrks (wjtd bcsmrjptjles la tdc ce`jecsbcsjècb alr wfr lr ltdcr uscs, mlestrumtjle la futloftles,fimdcojmfi bcvjmcs ctm.) lr pdjilslpdjmfi (il`jmfi) lecs, tdcuebcrstfebje` la ocbjmfi trcftjscs blcs elt leiy bcpceble rcprcscetftjles. Ecjtdcr wcrc tdc jof`cs je ofey ocbjmfiwlrks, cspcmjfiiy je dcrhfrjuo, uscb fs f vjsufi ùjbc hy tdcrcfbcr tl steb tdc jiiustrftcb spcmjcs je tdc stcib. Fs tdc jof`c

wfs elt uscb tl dcip je uebcrstfebje` elr fs f vjsufi ùjbc,jt dfb el rcfsle tl stfeb hcsjbcs tdc tcxt, tdc olrc sl wdcetdc ifttcr wfs wrjttce je f mletjeuuo le f rlii, tl hc rcfb filub.Rdc jof`c wluib hc olrc f slurmc la bjsturhfemc tl tdc rcfbcrtdfe jt wluib `jvc djo fey dcip.Rdc jmlel`rfpdy mlestros tdc jbcf tdft, alr sloc wrjttce tcxtsfeb uebcr mcrtfje mlebjtjles, tdc jof`c wfs scpfrftcb arlotdc tcxt. Pc oj`dt cvce dfvc fe cxfopic la tdjs> f ojejfturcla f ofeusmrjpt la Bjlsmlrjbcs (Pjce, stcrrcjmdjsmdc

Eftjlefihjhijltdck, ocbjmus`r. 6) sdlws hltd tdc futdlr febtdc pfjetcr tl`ctdcr ft wlrk, tdc alrocr wrjtje` le f mlbcx,tdc ifttcr brfwje` tdc pifet le f illsc icfa h; tdjs js cxfmtiytdc kjeb la blmuocet ylu wluib cxpcmt tdc rcfbcrs lr ijstcecrs

h.

Pjce, stcrrcjmdjsmdcEftjlefihjhijltdck,ocbjmus`r. 6, a. 3v (btfji)


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p.88

ics cspmcs rcprscetcs. Ijof`c, ec nlufet blem pfs ue ricbfjbc if mloprdcesjle lu bfjbc vjsuciic, ef, bs ilrs,fumuec rfjsle btrc mt bu tcxtc, bu oljes tfet quc mciuj-mj,prscet ce mrjturc mletjeuc, tfjt prlpls bfes ue rluicfuct iu vljx dfutc. Ciic rjsquc pius bc pcrturhcr ic icmtcurquc bc ifjbcr.

Ijmlel`rfpdjc vjcet rcealrmcr ijbc quc ijof`c, plur mcrtfjesmrjts ct slus mcrtfjecs mlebjtjles, tfjt spfrc bu tcxtc.Ce toljèc uec bcs ojejfturcs bue ofeusmrjt bc Bjlsmlrjbc(Pjce, stcrrcjmdjsmdc Eftjlefihjhijltdck, ocbjmus`r. 6)bfes ifquciic le vljt ue ojejfturjstc rcprlbujrc uec pifetcobjmjefic ele pfs sur ue mlbcx, ofjs sur uec acujiic vlifetc h.Cxfmtcocet mlooc bcvfjcet itrc ics pifemdcs quc icsicmtcurs-fubjtcurs mlesuitfjcet fprs uec icmturc puhijquc.Mcttc rcprscetftjle, of mleefjssfemc uejquc ce sle cerc,

ec afjt quc mlestrocr ijbc sur if pifmc bcs jof`cs ce bcdlrsbu tcxtc bfes iFetjqujt.Ceste, qufeb le cxfojec bc prs if ojsc ce pf`c bcs prcojcrsmlbcx, le sc rceb mloptc quc ics jof`cs sc trluvcet mcrtcs mt bu tcxtc quciics slet mcescs jiiustrcr, ofjs pfs bfesic tcxtc. Ce picjec pf`c, ciics iuj alet afmc (èrficocet ciicsslet sur ic vcrsl bue acujiict ct ic tcxtc fu rcmtl bu acujiictsujvfet). Mcttc ojsc ce pf`c trfdjt ue pdeloec cemlrc pcutubj bu pljet bc vuc quj elus prlmmupc jmj > if trfesplsjtjle

bcs jof`cs (sur acujiict vlifet) ct bu tcxtc sur rluicfu vcrsic mlbcx. Elus vlyles blem quc, bfes ue prcojcr tcops,le f ruej ics acujiics vlifetcs bc iFetjqujt fvcm ic tcxtc.Ofjs le f cemlrc `frb if prscetftjle fetjquc, fvcm ics stùrcs pfrt, ce picjec pf`c, mlooc mcif bcvfjt trc ic mfs bcspifemdcs olhjics. If ojsc ce pf`c cst blem jmj cemlrc buetypc jetcrobjfjrc. Mc ecst quc pius tfrb qule mloocef sc rcebrc mloptc bcs eluvciics plssjhjijts laacrtcs pfric mlbcx ct ics utjijscr.

m.

Ajrcezc, HjhijltcmfIfurcezjfef,Wiut. 02,0, a. 877r


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p.8=

tl illk ft fatcr f (puhijm) rcfbje`. Rdjs oj`dt hc f uejqucwjtecss la tdc plsjtjle la jof`cs lutsjbc la tdc tcxt je tdcfemjcet trfbjtjle.Ajefiiy, ja wc illk je bctfji ft tdc ifylut la tdc strst mlbjmcs,wc sdluib lhscrvc tdft tdc jof`cs frc le tdc sjbc la tdc tcxttdft tdcy frc supplscb tl jiiustrftc, hut elt jescrtcb je tdft

tcxt. Brfwe le f wdlic pf`c, tdcy frc cjtdcr afmje` tdc tcxt lr,olrc latce, le tdc vcrsl la tdc sfoc icfa fs tdc tcxt. Rdjs ifylutuebcrijcs f pdcelocele wdjmd dfs elt rcmcjvcb f ilt la fttcetjlearlo lur murrcet pljet la vjcw> tdc trfesmrjptjle la tcxt feb(alrocriy scpfrftc) jof`cs arlo rlii feb illsc icfvcs tl f sje`icmlbcx. Pdce tdc jof`cs arlo tdc illsc icfvcs wcrc mlohjecbwjtd tdc tcxt, tdc femjcet prcscetftjle wfs kcpt, wjtd scpfrftcbst`urcs, je fe cetjrc pf`c, ijkc jt oust dfvc hcce tdc mfsc wjtdtdc olhjic piftcs. Rdjs ifylut js tdcrcalrc f strst sliutjle leiy.

Iftcr le, ecw plssjhjijtjcs laacrcb hy tdc mlbcx wcrcbjsmlvcrcb feb uscb.

b.

Pjce, stcrrcjmdjsmdcEftjlefihjhijltdck,ocbjmus `r. 6, a. 886v


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p.82

Wrlacsscur bfeftlojcJestjtut b'FeftlojcElroficIfhlrftljrc bcrcmdcrmdc pbf`l`jqucAfmuit bc Obcmjecbc ]trfshlur`

Wdjijppc Mifvcrt cstprlacsscur bfeftlojcelrofic ct mdjrur`jcelrtdlpbjstc.Icescjècocetbc ifeftlojc bljt trcprl`rcssja mfr trsmlopicxc. If prjemjpficbjastmuit pbf`l`jquccst bfrrjvcr hfifemcr

ics rfebcs eltjlesjebjspcesfhics ct icursjopijmftjles mijejqucs.Ji afut sfvljr sfbfptcrfu puhijm ct fbfptcr scssupplrts pbf`l`jqucs.Ic bcssje rcstc if hfsc,quj pcroct bc mlestrujrcuec strumturc mloocic oftdoftjmjceplsc uec quftjle.

Jetrlbumtjle

I'feftlojc bcsmrjptjvcmlestjtuc uec bcs hfscs bci'cescjècocet bu prcojcr mymic bcs tubcs objmfics.Ics mlurs bc smjcemcs olrpdlil`jqucs mdcrmdcet bvcilppcr

mdcz ics tubjfets trljs typcs bc mleefjssfemcs.Bmifrftjvcs> slooc bjealroftjles hrutcs quc bljt mletcejric bcssje, bl ijoplrtfemc bc if afle blet ji cst jof`ject prscet fu `rlupc.Wrlmburfics> mcst if prlmburc bc mlestrumtjle ct bc icmturcbu bcssje quj vf mlebjtjleecr sle jetcrprtftjle ct blem slefpprcetjssf`c.Mlebjtjleeciics> mcst ilr`fejsftjle bc ifeftlojc ct tlutcs scsmlesqucemcs alemtjleeciics, pdysjlil`jqucs ct pftdlil`jqucs.

Ic bcssje bljt pcrocttrc bc bbujrc ue mcrtfje elohrcbvecocets (pdysjlil`jqucs, pftdlil`jqucs, mdjrur`jmfux),quj bmluicet bc sf olrpdlil`jc.Rrfbjtjleeciicocet ce Arfemc if prjol-feftlojc scescjècce fopdjtdtrc ct ce `rfeb `rlupc, ce if mlestrujsfet surue tfhicfu eljr if mrfjc. Mcst ue cxmciicet olyce bcxprcssjleele vcrhfic mfr > ic aleb eljr bleec ue rcijca pfrtjmuijcr fux mrfjcs bc mluicur ; ic oife`c bcs mluicurs pcroct uec ojsc ce rcijca bcmcrtfjecs strumturcs ; Ics mrfjcs pcrocttcet mcrtfjes caacts bcstyic, bc ojsc ce rcijca bue lr`fec lu buec strumturc ct surtlutpcrocttcet bc supcrplscr ics iocets plur mlestrujrcce bcux bjocesjles uec lr`fejsftjle trjbjocesjleeciic.

WdjijppcMifvcrt

Stjijsftjle bu bcssjebfes icescjècocetbc ifeftlojc duofjec


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p.83

Wrlacsslr la FeftloyJestjtut b'FeftlojcElroficIfhlrftljrc bcrcmdcrmdc pbf`l`jqucAfmuit bc Obcmjecbc ]trfshlur`

Wdjijppc Mifvcrt jsf prlacsslr la duofefeftloy feb felrtdlpcbjm sur`cle.Rdc tcfmdje` la feftloyoust hc prl`rcssjvchcmfusc vcry mlopicx.Rdc ofje cbumftjlefibjastmuity js tl ofef`c`cecrfi eltjles tdft

oust hc kelwe febtdcjr mijejmfi joplrtfemcfeb jopijmftjles.Jt js ecmcssfry tl fbfptlecs tl tdc fubjcemcfeb fbnust lecstcfmdje` oftcrjfis.Rdc brfwje`rcofjes tdc hfsc,wdjmd fiilws tl hujibf strumturc fs tdcoftdcoftjmjfeputs fe cquftjle.

Rdc usc la brfwje`je Duofe Feftloytcfmdje`

Jetrlbumtjle

Rdc bcsmrjptjvc feftloymlestjtutcs lec la tdc ofje pfrtla tdc cbumftjle prl`rfo la tdc strst stf`c la tdc ocbjmfistubjcs. Icmturcs je olrpdlil`jmfi smjcemcs try tl bcvcilp

alr tdc stubcets tdrcc typcs la kelwicb`c.Bcmifrftjvc> suo la jealroftjle feb bftf tdft tdc brfwje`dfs tl mletfje. Alr tdjs, tdc wfy tdc brfwje` js mlestrumtcbfeb prcscetcb tl tdc `rlup js la dj`d joplrtfemc.Wrlmcburfi> jt js tdc prlmcburc la mlestrumtjle feb cxpifeftjlela tdc brfwje` tdft js `lje` tl mlebjtjle jts jetcrprctftjle febtdus jts icfreje`.Mlebjtjlefi> jt js tdc lr`fejzftjle la tdc feftloy feb fii jtsauemtjlefi, pdysjlil`jmfi feb pftdlil`jmfi mlescqucemcs.

Rdc brfwje` dfs tl fiilw tl bcbumt mcrtfje euohcr la cvcets(pdysjlil`jmfi, pftdlil`jmfi, sur`jmfi), wdjmd cesuc arlolec olrpdlil`y.Rrfbjtjlefiiy je Arfemc tdc strst lr hfsjm feftloyjs tfu`dt je fe fopdjtdcftcr, hy hujibje` jt le f hifmkhlfrb.Jt js fe cxmciicet ocfes la ele-vcrhfi cxprcssjle hcmfusc> tdc hifmk hfmk`rlueb `jvcs f pfrtjmuifr rcijca tl mlilrs; tdc ojxturc la mlilrs copdfsjs mcrtfje strumturcsRdc usc la bjaacrcet mdfiks fiilws mcrtfje caacmts la styic,uebcrijecs lr`fes lr strumturcs feb cspcmjfiiy fiilwstl dj`dij`dstfmk cicocets tl hujib je twl bjocesjlesf tdrcc-bjocesjlefi lr`fejzftjle.


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p.81

Eltrc mlemcptjle bc icescjècocet fu tfhicfu eljr

mlooc supplrt pbf`l`jquc

Wlur rplebrc fux bjaarcets joprftjas bc byefojquc bc `rlupcct bc mlemcptjle, elus pcesles quc if prjol-feftlojc bljt trcmlestrujtc bcvfet itubjfet, ce pfrtfet bc hfscs bn fmqujscspfr ic `rlupc. Ic tfhicfu eljr sur icquci vlet trc htjcs bcs

alebftjles slijbcs, supplrt if bcsmrjptjle bue lr`feclu bue `rlupc bc strumturcs alemtjleeciics, mlestjtuc ue lutjipbf`l`jquc ct ue objf bjastmjicocet jetcrmdfe`cfhic.Icescjècocet prscetjci rcstc fmtuciicocet if rìc.Ji cst blem jebjspcesfhic plur icescjèfet bc afleecr slecxpls, tlut ce `frbfet ics tubjfets mlemcetrs. Ic tfhicfueljr bljt trc mlesjbr mlooc ue cspfmc luvcrt ijesmrjptjlequj emcssjtc uec `cstjle bu tfhicfu plur mlenuùcrbvcilppcocet ct nuxtfplsjtjle, m'cst--bjrc hfifemcr >

fmmuouiftjle, lr`fejsftjle bcs bcsmrjptjles ; suhstjtutjle bcs strumturcs. If il`jquc bu tfhicfucst fu stefi mciic bc if ojsc ce pifmc bcs alebftjles quj sletprl`rcssjvcocet rcmluvcrtcs. Le ec pcut pfs bleecr ic mlurssur uec mi S]H , ofjs le pcut ic rcafjrcWlur Hunlib 6, ics rics bcs jiiustrftjles slet > fttjrcrct rctcejr ifttcetjle bc icescjè, stjouicr if mloprdcesjlebu ocssf`c, afvlrjscr ifpprcetjssf`c bu ocssf`c, ct rcebrcplssjhic iutjijsftjle bc ijealroftjle mletceuc bfes ic ocssf`c.

eluvcfu, if mlestrumtjle buec r`jle feftlojquc, pfrtfet busqucicttc lu buec r`jle bn mleeuc, rpleb mcs bjaarcetsjoprftjas. Ic afjt bc trfmcr ue trfjt lu ue mletlur, ce cxpijqufetic plurqulj bc mcttc alroc, sf alemtjle ct sf stefijt, fttjrcifttcetjle bc itubjfet ct iuj pcrocttc bc mloprcebrc ijetrtct ijet`rftjle bc if strumturc bfes sf alemtjle bc autur obcmje.If mlestrumtjle ce bjrcmt fu tfhicfu pcroct bc bleecr buoluvcocet fu mlurs ct bc ofjetcejr if mlemcetrftjle bu `rlupc.Wlur Rdjchfut 8, ue hle bcssje pcroct fussj bfpprdcebcr ilhnct

lu if strumturc fu olyce bc if vuc. Icxprjcemc vjsuciic cstalebfocetfic bfes ifpprcetjssf`c, mlebjtjle bc ijesmrjrc bfesics djrfrmdjcs bu mlurs. Ijof`c mlestrujtc bljt nlucr ue ric ojxtcce jetcrvcefet if aljs fu stfbc bc ijejtjftjle bc if mleefjssfemc,ofjs fussj mciuj bc ijiiustrftjle buec eluvciic bleec. Ji cstblem jebjspcesfhic bc mlestrujrc ic bcssje ce octtfet ce pifmcce prcojcr bcs strumturcs mleeucs, èrficocet ics strumturcslsscuscs, fste bfpplrtcr ifrofturc ct ics rcprcs bc if strumturc bmrjrc. Ji afut blem htjr ifeftlojc bcvfet ics tubjfets.

Wfr fjiicurs, ic bcssje ec bljt pfs trc mlestrujt plur iuj-ooc.Ji afut quji sljt fmmlopfè bcxpijmftjles ct bc mloocetfjrcsplur ec pfs bcvcejr tlut sjopicocet bmlrftja ct blemmletrc-prlbumtja.


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p.80

Lur mlemcptjle la tdc usc la tdc hifmkhlfrb

fs f tcfmdje` fjb

Rl feswcr tdc vfrjlus jopcrftjvcs la `rlup byefojms, wc tdjektdft tdc hlby feftloy oust hc hujit je arlet la tdc stubcets,stfrtje` wjtd hfscs fircfby fmqujrcb hy tdc `rlup.Rdc hifmkhlfrb le wdjmd frc `lje` tl hc hujit slijb aluebftjles,

supplrt la tdc bcsmrjptjle la fe lr`fe lr f `rlup la auemtjlefistrumturcs mlestjtutcs fe cbumftjlefi tlli feb f elecxmdfe`cfhic ocbjf.Rdc afmc-tl-afmc cbumftjle rcofjes tdc `lib stfebfrb.Rdus js jebjspcesfhic alr tdc tcfmdcr tl sdfpc jts prcscetftjle,wdjic kccpje` tdc stubcets mlemcetrftcb. Rdc hifmkhlfrb ousthc mlesjbcrcb fs fe lpce-spfmc tl mrcftjle wdjmd rcqujrcsf ofef`cocet la tdc brfwje` tl mlenu`ftc bcvcilpocetfeb nuxtfplsjtjle j.c. ofef`cocet la >

Fmmuouiftjle, lr`fejzftjle la tdc bcsmrjptjles; Xcpifmcocet la tdc strumturcs. Rdc il`jm la tdc brfwje`js stefiiy tdc jopicocetftjle la tdc aluebftjles wdjmdfrc `rfbufiiy mlvcrcb. Hy tdjs wfy wc mfeelt `jvc tdc icmturcletl fe S]H kcy, hut wc mfe rcbl jtAlr Hunlib 6, tdc rlics la jiiustrftjles frc> tl fttrfmt feb dlibtdc fttcetjle la tdc stubcets, stjouiftc tdc uebcrstfebje`la tdc ocssf`c, afvlr tdc icfreje` la tdc ocssf`c, feb ofkcplssjhic tdc usc la tdc jealroftjle mletfjecb je tdc ocssf`c.

F`fje, tdc mlestrumtjle la fe feftlojmfi rc`jle, stfrtje` wjtdtdc skcictle lr tdc fircfby kelwe rc`jle, feswcrs tdcscvfrjlus jopcrftjvcs. Rdc afmt la brfwje` f ijec lr fe lutijec,hy cxpifjeje` jts sdfpc, jts auemtjle feb jts purplsc fttrfmtstdc fttcetjle la tdc stubcet feb fiilw djo(dcr) tl uebcrstfebtdc jetcrcst feb tdc jetc`rftjle la tdc strumturc je jts auemtjle.Rdjs ijvc mlestrumtjle fiilws tl kccp tdc icmturc byefojmfeb tl ofjetfje tdc `rlup fttcetjvc.Alr Rdjchfut 8, f `llb brfwje` fisl fiilws tl jeacr tdc lhncmt

lr tdc strumturc hy ocfes la tdc vjcw. Rdc vjsufi rcofecemcjs auebfocetfi je icfreje`, le tdc mlebjtjle la jemiubje`jt je tdc djcrfrmdjcs la tdc icmturc. Rdc mlestrumtcb brfwje` dfstl pify f ojxcb rlic hy lmmurrje` ft tdc stf`c la tdc jejtjftjlela tdc kelwicb`c hut fisl jetl tdft la tdc jiiustrftjle la f ecwbftf. Jt js tdus jebjspcesfhic tl hujib tdc brfwje` hy scttje`up tdc kelwe strumturcs, `cecrfiiy tdc lssclus strumturcs,tl hrje` tdc frofturc feb tdc ofrks la tdc lr`fe tl hcbcsmrjhcb. Jt js tdus ecmcssfry tl hujib tdc feftloy

je arlet la tdc stubcets.Hcsjbcs, tdc brfwje` oust elt hc hujit alr jtscia.Jt dfs tl mlocwjtd cxpifeftjles feb mloocets elt tl hcmloc sjopiylrefocetfi feb tdus mluetcrprlbumtjvc.

f.

Quc iftrfic bu mlujiiustrfet if mlestrumtjlebu bcssje > ics strumturcslsscuscs let t ojscsce pifmc pujs ics ousmicsct ceste ic tdocbu mlurs > ics strumturcsecurlvfsmuifjrcs.

Cxfopic la brfwje`rc`frbje` tdc iftcrfifspcmt la tdc afmc.Ajrst tdc hlec dfvc hccepifmcb, tdce tdc ousmicsfeb ft ifst tdc tlpjm la tdcicmturc > tdc ecurl-vfsmuifrstrumturcs.


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p.84

Mrjtjqucs bc mc systoc

Ji elus afut blem fbfptcr eltrc cescj`ecocet ct ic arfmtjleecr.]cile @jhhs ct Ncekjes =, ic mlurs bljt mloprcebrc piusjcurssqucemcs mlurtcs ct bjaarcetcs, plur mlemjijcr if aljsic `rfeb `rlupc ct ifmtjvjt bc ijebjvjbu, emcssfjrc ifpprcetjssf`c. Mcmj cst plssjhic ce ouitjpijfet ics

squcemcs bcsmrjptjvcs, ics bcssjes, ct ics bleecs mijejqucs,plur quc mdfquc tubjfet rcstc fttcetja ct pujssc fppijqucric mlurs if rfijt.Mlemiusjle

Ic tfhicfu eljr ct ics mrfjcs mlestjtucet bc ocrvcjiicuxlutjis pbf`l`jqucs, plur futfet qujis sljcet utjijss fvcmbjsmcrecocet. Vujis sljcet mifjrs ct suastsfoocet sjopijstsplur trc nustcs ct trfesplsfhics ce mijejquc. Jis bljvcet

sjesmrjrc bfes uec strft`jc bjbfmtjquc trfespfrcetcct rmdjc, ct ec bljvcet ce fumue mfs trc utjijssbc ofejrc cxmiusjvcocet bmlrftjvc.

6 Hunlib E. Icxpls lrfi ce cescj`ecocet, Vuhcm,

Wrcssc bc iSejvcrsjt bu Vuhcm, 6::0

8 Rdjchfut O. Wlur uec bumftjle ijof`c fu mlii`c, Wfrjs, Dfmdcttc, 8778

= @jhhs @, Ncekjes F. Rcfmdje` ifr`c mifsscs je dj`dcr cbumftjle,

dlw tl ofjetfje qufijty wjtd rcbumcb rcsslurmcs, Ileble, Kl`fe Wf`c; 6::8


29/108

p.8:

Mrjtjms la tdjs systco

Jt js ecmcssfry tl fbfpt lur icmturc feb tl spijt jt. Fmmlrbje`tl @jhhs feb Ncekjes =, tdc icmturc dfs tl jemiubc scvcrfi sdlrtfeb bjaacrcet scqucemcs, tl kccp tdc wdlic `rlup fttrfmtcb febmlemcetrftcb feb kccp le tdc ltdcr dfeb cfmd stubcet fmtjvcfeb jebcpcebcet, wdjmd js ecmcssfry alr tdc icfreje`.

Rdjs js plssjhic hy ouitjpiyje` tdc bcsmrjptjvc scqucemcs,tdc brfwje`s, feb tdc mijejmfi bftf, sl tdft cvcry stubcetrcofjes fttcetjvc feb mfe put jetl prfmtjmc tdcsc ecw bftf.Mlemiusjle

Rdc hifmkhlfrb feb tdc mdfiks mlestjtutc f wlebcraui febplwcraui cbumftjlefi tllis, fs afr fs tdcy frc uscb wjtdbjsmcreocet. Rdcy eccb tl hc micfr feb celu`d sjopijstcbtl hc trfesplscb je bfjiy prfmtjmc. Rdcy dfvc tl hc jemiubcb

je f trfespfrcet feb tdlu`dtaui bjbfmtjm strftc`y, feb oustelt hc uscb je f cxmiusjvciy lrefocetfi wfy.

6 Hunlib E. Icxpls lrfi ce cescj`ecocet, Vuhcm,

Wrcssc bc iSejvcrsjt bu Vuhcm, 6::0

8Rdjchfut O. Wlur uec bumftjle ijof`c fu mlii`c, Wfrjs, Dfmdcttc, 8778

= @jhhs @, Ncekjes F. Rcfmdje` ifr`c mifsscs je dj`dcr cbumftjle,

dlw tl ofjetfje qufijty wjtd rcbumcb rcsslurmcs, Ileble, Kl`fe Wf`c; 6::8

h.

Mlurs bu WrlacsscurNcfe-Ium Kfde, ifeftlojcbu mlu, Afmuit bcObcmjec bc ]trfshlur`,8 bmcohrc 8767.

Icmturcs la WrlacsslrNcfe-Ium Kfde, tdc ecmkfeftloy, Afmuity laOcbjmjec, ]trfshlur`,Bcmcohcr 8, 8767.

Wdltls Rley Rrjmdfed


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p.=7

Mdfr`cbcescjècocetMloouejmftjleshjlobjmfics Sejvcrsjtbc Rlrletl (Mfefbf)

]dciicy Pfii, ofjtrjscce mloouejmftjleshjlobjmfics, Wd. B.,cst jiiustrftrjmcobjmfic ct ocohrcbu mlrps cescjèfet bciSejvcrsjt bc Rlrletl.]f rcmdcrmdc sjetrcsscfux duofejtsobjmfics, ijetcrfmtjlecetrc ijof`c ct ic tcxtcbfes if vjsufijsftjle

objmfic, ijealroftjlebcs pftjcets ct icsrcprscetftjleshjlobjmficsbu scxc ct bu `cerc.

Ce eltrc qufijt bjiiustrftcurs objmfux ct smjcetjstqucs, elusrfmletles bcs djstljrcs vjsuciics. Elus mrles bcs efrrftjles,quji sf`jssc bcs tfpcs buec jetcrvcetjle mdjrur`jmfic, bcivliutjle buec ofifbjc lu bc if rcemletrc cetrc ue ij`feb

olimuifjrc ct ue rmcptcur bc if ocohrfec mciiuifjrc.Mcst plurqulj ics tdlrjcs efrrftjvcs fbfptcs bc itubcbc tcxtcs ijttrfjrcs pcuvcet alurejr bcs lutjis utjics qujpcrocttrlet bc bmrjrc ct bfefiyscr ics djstljrcs efrrcspfr ics jiiustrftjles objmfics ct smjcetjstqucs.Bfes ics cxcopics mj-fprs, nc oc scrs bcs tcrocs ct mlemcptsquc prlplsc if tdlrjmjceec Ofbfoc Ojckc Hfi, bfes sleluvrf`c jeucet jetjtui Efrrftlil`jc > Jetrlbumtjle tl tdcRdclry la Efrrftjle(=cb., 877:). Ofbfoc Hfi bstejt ilhnct

efrrftja buec ofejrc trs èrfic mlooc ue tlut stejct strumtur, mlopls bc sjècs . Se lhnct bc efrrftjleprscetc trljs ejvcfux > ic tcxtc efrrftja,mcst--bjrc ilhnct qujvdjmuic idjstljrc ; idjstljrc, mcst--bjrc ic mletceu bu tcxtcefrrftja, ilrbrc pfrtjmuijcr ct ifmmcet plrt sur ics vecocets ;ceste, if afhuif, mcst--bjrc if sujtc bvecocets quj alurejtif oftjrc prcojrc bc idjstljrc.Wfr cxcopic, uec jiiustrftjle mdjrur`jmfic cst ue tcxtc efrrftja.If afhuifcst if sujtc bcs tfpcs bc ijetcrvcetjle mdjrur`jmfic ;idjstljrccst ic mdljx quc afjt ijiiustrftcur (lu ijiiustrftrjmc) bcstfpcs jiiustrcr, ct fjesj bc sujtc. Ic efrrftcur(if efrrftrjmc),mcst--bjrc ic nc jevjsjhic quj rfmletc idjstljrc, cst ue f`cetloejsmjcet ; pfr cxcopic, ic efrrftcur pcut fpplrtcr bcs

]dciicyPfii

]trft`jcs vjsuciicsefrrftjvcs bfes icsjiiustrftjles objmficsct smjcetjstqucs


31/108

p.=6

FssjstfetWrlacsslr, HjlocbjmfiMloouejmftjles,Sejvcrsjty la Rlrletl,Mfefbf

]dciicy Pfii, O]mHOM,WdB, js f ocbjmfijiiustrftlr feb f afmuityocohcr ft tdcSejvcrsjty la Rlrletl.Dcr rcscfrmd jetcrcstsjemiubc ocbjmfiduofejtjcs, jof`c-tcxtjetcrfmtjles je ocbjmfivjsufijzftjle, pftjcetcbumftjle, febhjlocbjmfi

rcprcscetftjlesla scx feb `cebcr.

Qjsufi efrrftjvcstrftc`jcs je ocbjmfifeb smjcetjstmjiiustrftjle

Fs ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm jiiustrftlrs, wc tcii vjsufi stlrjcs.Pc mrcftc efrrftjvcs, wdctdcr tdcy frc fhlut tdc stcpsje f sur`jmfi prlmcburc, tdc prl`rcssjle la f bjscfsc, lr tdccemluetcr hctwcce f olicmuifr ij`feb feb f mcii ocohrfec

rcmcptlr. Alr tdjs rcfsle, tdclrjcs la efrrftjvc fbfptcb arlotdc stuby la ijtcrfry tcxts mfe prlvjbc uscaui tllis alr bcsmrjhje`feb fefiysje` tdc stlrjcs tlib hy ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstmjiiustrftjle.Je tdc cxfopics tdft aliilw, J usc tcros feb mlemcpts prlplscbhy tdclrjst Ojckc Hfi je dcr jeucetjfi wlrk Efrrftlil`y>Jetrlbumtjle tl tdc Rdclry la Efrrftjvc(=rbcb., 877:). Hfi bcstecsf efrrftjvc frtjafmt vcry hrlfbiy fs f stejtc, strumturcb wdlicmloplscb la sj`es. F efrrftjvc frtjafmt dfs tdrcc ifycrs>

tdc efrrftjvc tcxt, tdft js, tdc frtjafmttdft mlevcys tdc stlry;tdc stlry, tdft js, tdc mletcets la tdc efrrftjvc tcxt;tdc spcmjstm lrbcr feb copdfsjs `jvce tl cvcets; feb tdc afhuif,tdft js, tdc scrjcs la cvcets tdft aurejsd tdc rfw oftcrjfialr tdc stlry.Alr cxfopic, f sur`jmfi jiiustrftjle js f efrrftjvc tcxt.Rdc afhuifjs tdc scqucemc la stcps je tdc sur`cry;tdc stlryjs tdc jiiustrftlrs mdljmc la stcps tl jiiustrftc, feb sl le.Rdc efrrftlr, tdft js, tdc jopijcb J wdl tciis tdc stlry js feloejsmjcet f`cet; alr cxfopic, tdc efrrftlr mfe prlvjbc jof`csla uebcriyje` feftloy tdft frc jefmmcssjhic tl cvcrylec, cvcetdc sur`cle. Rdc fmtlrsje f sur`jmfi stlry frc tdc sur`jmfijestruocets, tdc tjssucs tdcoscivcs, feb, latce, tdc dfebs


32/108

p.=8

jof`cs bc ifeftlojc jevjsjhic, jefmmcssjhics tlus, oocfu mdjrur`jce. Ics fmtcursbuec djstljrc mdjrur`jmfic sletics jestruocets mdjrur`jmfux, ics tjssus cux-oocs ct sluvcet,ics ofjes bu mdjrur`jce. If ooc jetcrvcetjle mdjrur`jmficpcut trc efrrc vjsuciicocet bc piusjcurs afles bjaarcetcs.]cile Ofbfoc Hfi, iue bcs prjemjpfux fspcmts bc idjstljrc

buec efrrftjle quj pcroct bc if bjstjeùcr bc if afhuifcst ifalmfijsftjle, mcst--bjrc ifeìc pfrtjr buquci ics mdlscs sletvucs. Wfr cxcopic, bc elohrcuscs jiiustrftjles mdjrur`jmficsslet almfijscs trfvcrs ics ycux bu mdjrur`jce > bdfhjtubc,elus vlyles ic mdfop mdjrur`jmfi bcpujs if pcrspcmtjvcpdysjquc bu mdjrur`jce f. Elus ic vlyles fussj bcpujs ifpcrspcmtjvc jetciicmtuciic bu mdjrur`jce > ue hle jiiustrftcurfttjrc ifttcetjle uejqucocet sur ics strumturcs bletic mdjrur`jce bljt trc mlesmjcet. Ics sjèfux vjsucis, mlooc

ics ijècs mlevcr`cetcs, ics zlecs l ics btfjis lu mletrfstcsslet rcdfusss, slet blem bcs lutjis bc almfijsftjle bc ifefrrftjle. If almfijsftjle pcut sc bpifmcr scile quc icsjiiustrftjles sfttfmdcet if rcprscetftjle bcs jetcrvcetjleslu if bcsmrjptjle bc ifeftlojc. Ics jiiustrftjles qujbmrjvcet ic mletcxtc feftlojquc rcstjtucet ics mleefjssfemcsbu mdjrur`jce, ofjs ic vrjtfhic pljet bc vuc pcut trc fussjif ojsc ce pcrspcmtjvc fhstrfjtc bu bcssje. Se futrc `cercbc almfijsftjle cst rfijs pfr ic rcmlurs bcs huiics ,

pfr cxcopic bcs jof`cs ce obfjiile rcprscetfetics btfjis ce pius `rfeb.If efrrftjle sfrtjmuic futlur bu tcops ; ji afut bu tcops plurijrc ue tcxtc mrjt bu bhut if ste. Ics fejoftjles objmficsct smjcetjstqucs slet tcoplrciics pfr efturc. Ofjs mloocetics jiiustrftjles stftjqucs efrrcet-ciics vjsuciicocet ic pfssf`cbu tcops < Ofbfoc Hfi vlquc if bcesjt vfrjfhic bu tcopsbfes if efrrftjle, mcst--bjrc, ijetcesjt lu ijoplrtfemcrciftjvc bue olocet pfr rfpplrt ue futrc. Ics efelscmlebcs

lu les pcuvcet trc efrrs bfes if ooc burc bc tcopslu if ooc tfjiic bjof`c. Ics jiiustrftjles rcmlurcet bcelohrcuscs mlevcetjles plur vdjmuicr if prl`rcssjle futfetquc if bcesjt bu tcops, mlooc pfr cxcopic ics jof`cssqucetjciics lu ics frtjstmcs `rfpdjqucs (mcst--bjrc ifmdrlelil`jc). Ics olocets ouitjpics buec afhuif objmficpcuvcet scohicr sc trluvcr bfes ic ooc mdfop vjsuci ;Ofbfoc Fubrf @crfs, jiiustrftrjmc objmfic, hfptjsc mcttctcmdejquc ijiiustrftjle ce olbc fmmir , ce rarcemc if tcmdejquc mjeoftl`rfpdjquc mlesjstfet mlebcescrue ile` ifps bc tcops ce uec scuic squcemc hrvc.Wfr cxcopic, bfes ics jiiustrftjles pftdlil`jqucs,ics tfpcs bjstjemtcs bc if ofifbjc slet sluvcet

f.

Xscmtjle elmlrtjmfic

Eclmlrtjmfi rcscmtjle]dciicy Pfii


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p.==

la tdc sur`cle. Rdc sfoc sur`jmfi prlmcburc ofy hc vjsufiiyefrrftcb je ouitjpic, bjaacrcet wfys.Lec kcy fspcmt la f efrrftjvcs stlry tdft bjstjeùjsdcs jt arlotdc afhuif, fmmlrbje` tl Hfi, js almfijzftjle, tdft js tdc pljetla vjcw arlo wdjmd tdje`s frc scce. Ofey sur`jmfi jiiustrftjles,alr cxfopic, frc almfijzcb tdrlu`d tdc cycs la tdc sur`cle>

wc usufiiy scc tdc sur`jmfi stcib arlo tdc sur`cles pdysjmfipcrspcmtjvc f. Pc fisl scc jt arlo tdc sur`cles jetciicmtufipcrspcmtjvc> f llb jiiustrftlr copdfsjzcs leiy tdc strumturcstdc sur`cle eccbs tl hc fwfrc la. Qjsufi mucs, sumd fsmlevcr`je` ijecs feb frcfs la dcj`dtcecb bctfji lr mletrfst, frctdus tllis alr efrrftjvc almfijzftjle. Rdc almfijzftjle oj`dt sdjatfs f scqucemc la jiiustrftjles olvcs hctwcce tdc bcpjmtjlela prlmcburcs feb tdc bcsmrjptjle la feftloy; jiiustrftjles tdftbcsmrjhc tdc feftlojmfi mletcxt stjii rcprcscet tdc sur`cles

kelwicb`c, hut tdc fmtufi pljet la vjcw oj`dt hc tdc fhstrfmtcbpcrspcmtjvc la tdc bjf`rfo. Feltdcr kjeb la almfijzftjle jsfmdjcvcb tdrlu`d tdc usc la mfiiluts, sumd fs jesct pjmturcsrcprcscetje` bctfjis ft f dj`dcr icvci la ofèjstmftjle.Efrrftjvc js tjoc-hfscb> cvcets uealib je tjoc; jt tfkcs tjoc tlrcfb f wrjttce tcxt arlo hc`jeeje` tl ceb. Ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstmfejoftjles frc jedcrcetiy tjoc-hfscb, hut dlw bl stftjmjiiustrftjles vjsufiiy efrrftc tdc pfssf`c la tjoc< Hfi spcfks latdc vfryje` tdjmkecssla tjoc je f efrrftjvctdft js, tdc rciftjvc

jetcesjty lr joplrtfemc la lec olocet mlopfrcb tl feltdcr.Efelscmlebs lr cles ofy hc efrrftcb je tdc sfoc ice`tdla tcxt lr tdc sfoc sjzc la jof`c. Jiiustrftjles usc euocrlusmlevcetjles tl mlevcy hltd tdc prl`rcss feb tdc tdjmkecssla tjoc, sumd fs scqucetjfi jof`cs lr `rfpdjmfi bcvjmcs(c.`. tjocijecs). Ouitjpic olocets je f ocbjmfi afhuif ofyfppcfr je tdc sfoc vjsufi stcib; ocbjmfi jiiustrftlr Fubrf@crfs mfiis tdjs tcmdejquc tjoc-ifpsc jiiustrftjle, je rcacrcemctl tdc mjecoftjm tcmdejquc la mloprcssje` f ile` spfe la tjoc

jetl f sjeìc sdlrt scqucemc. Alr cxfopic, je pftdlil`jmfijiiustrftjles tdc scpfrftc stf`cs la bjscfsc frc latcercprcscetcb je f sjeìc jof`c h. Rdc tdjmkecss la tjocmfe hc mlevcycb, f`fje, tdrlu`d tdc usc la vjsufi mucstdft mfusc f vjcwcr tl bwcii le lec scmtjle la fe jof`colrc tdfe le ltdcrs.Hfi bjstjeùjsdcs hctwcce fe fmtlr je f efrrftjvc, wdjmdjs f strumturfi plsjtjle, feb f mdfrfmtcr, wdjmd js fe fmtlr wjtdduofe mdfrfmtcrjstjms. Rdjs js fe jetcrcstje` bjstjemtjle wdce jtmlocs tl tdc bcpjmtjle la olicmuifr cvcets. F typjmfi olicmuifrafhuif oj`dt `l ijkc tdjs> ij`feb F blmks tl rcmcptlr H, febf rcfmtjle rcsuits m. Ij`feb F feb rcmcptlr H frc tdc fmtlrsje tdc stlry. Lec jiiustrftlr oj`dt tcii tdc stlry je f wfy tdft

h.

Wftdlil`jc ct prl`rcssjlebu rcux `fstrl-

slpdf`jceWftdlil`y feb prl`rcssjlela fstrlcslpdf`cfi rcuxbjscfsc

Bjc`l Fmmlrsj


34/108

p.=2

rcprscetcs ce uec scuic jof`c h. I cemlrc, ijetcesjtbu tcops pcut trc trfesojsc pfr ic hjfjs bc sj`efux vjsucisquj plrtcet ic spcmtftcur rcstcr bfvfetf`c sur uec scuicpfrtjc buec jof`c quc sur bfutrcs.Ofbfoc Hfi tfhijt uec bjstjemtjle cetrc ifmtcurbuecefrrftjle, quj tjcet uec plsjtjle strumturciic , ct ic

pcrsleef`c, quj cst ue fmtcur fux mfrfmtrjstjqucs duofjecs.Mcttc bjstjemtjle cst jetrcssfetc qufeb ji sf`jt bc rcprscetcrbcs vecocets olimuifjrcs. Sec afhuif olimuifjrc pcutsc prscetcr fjesj > ic ij`feb F sfttfmdc fu rmcptcur H,ct uec rfmtjle ce rsuitc m. Ic ij`feb F ct ic rmcptcur Hslet ics fmtcurs bc idjstljrc. Se jiiustrftcur pcut rfmletcridjstljrc buec afle quj elus plrtc vljr F ct H mlooc bcspcrsleef`cs duofelbcs > mlooc ics pcrsleef`cs bue rlofebfolur, F rcmdcrmdc H ct sc ijc iuj. Sec futrc jiiustrftjle pcut

octtrc ce rcijca ic dfsfrb bcs vecocets olimuifjrcs > F ct Hslet if brjvc bfes ilr`fejsoc > pfr dfsfrb, mcs fmtcursomfejqucs sc ijcet iue ifutrc. If ooc afhuif; ofjsbcux djstljrcstrs bjaarcetcs.Mc bcrejcr cxcopic prlplsc ue futrc mlemcpt > ifpplrtbu spcmtftcur qufeb ji sf`jt bjetcrprtcr ics efrrftjles,lu mc quc ic tdlrjmjce Hcemc Efeefy belooc ice`f`cocetbc if efrrftjle . Mc sunct pcut afjrc ilhnct bue bhft piusile` ce oftjrc bc puhijms, blhncmtjas ct bc mletcxtcs trs

spmjstqucs bc if vjsufijsftjle objmfic ct smjcetjstquc.Ncsprc quc mc hrca cxpls susmjtcrf ue jetrt plurifhlebfetc pfelpijc blutjis bcsmrjptjas ct fefiytjqucsquc if tdlrjc bc if efrrftjle rscrvc ijiiustrftcurobjmfi ct smjcetjstquc.


35/108

p.=3

icfbs us tl scc F feb H fs duofe-ijkc mdfrfmtcrs> F scckslut feb hlebs wjtd H, ijkc tdc mdfrfmtcrs je f rlofemc.Feltdcr jiiustrftlr oj`dt copdfsjzc tdc rfebloecssla olicmuifr cvcets> F feb H frc brjatje` tdrlu`d tdchlby> hy mdfemc, tdcsc ocmdfejstjm fmtlrs ilmk tl`ctdcr.Je hltd mfscs, tdc sfoc afhuif, hut vcry bjaacrcet stlrjcs.

Rdjs stefi cxfopic jetrlbumcs f aurtdcr mlemcpt> tdc vjcwcrssdfrc je ofkje` ocfeje` lut la efrrftjvcs, lr wdft tdclrjstHcemc Efeefy mfiis efrrftjvc ce`f`cocet. Rdjs js tdc suhncmtalr f ile`cr bjsmussjle fhlut tdc vcry spcmjstm fubjcemcs,purplscs, feb mletcxts la ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstm vjsufijzftjle.J dlpc tdft tdjs prcscet hrjca tfik wjii stjouiftc aurtdcr jetcrcstje tdc rjmd frrfy la bcsmrjptjvc feb fefiytjmfi tllis tdftefrrftjvc tdclry dfs tl laacr tdc ocbjmfi feb smjcetjstmjiiustrftlr.

m.

Jof`c stftjquc tjrc buecfejoftjle plur ic prlnctbc rcmdcrmdc jetjtuiQjsufijzje` prltcjebyefojms feb jetcrfmtjles>Cvlivje` f vjsufi ife`uf`calr olicmuifr fejoftjle

]tjii jof`c arlo fefejoftjle alr tdc rcscfrmdprlncmt Qjsufijzje` prltcjebyefojms feb jetcrfmtjles>Cvlivje` f vjsufi ife`uf`calr olicmuifr fejoftjle

@fi Om@jii ct Nlbjc Ncekjesle


36/108

p.=1

Blmtcur ce Wsymdlil`jc,Oftrc bc mlearcemc iSejvcrsjt bc Ij`cDuofejsftjlebu trfvfji> Xcmdcrmdcct bvcilppcocet.MDM. Ij`c, Hci`jquc

Hebjmtc Ojeùct cstblmtcur ce Wsymdlil`jcbc iSejvcrsjt bc Ij`c,Oftrc bc mlearcemcbfes ic scrvjmc bcpsymdlil`jc bc iceafetct bc ifblicsmcet.]f rcmdcrmdc suric bvcilppcocetbc iduofejsftjle

bcs sljes if foce bvcilppcr ue rc`frbpsymdlil`jqucct lr`fejsftjleeci surijestjtutjle dlspjtfijrc.

Ilhnct bc eltrc tubc mlesjstc jmj mifjrcr ic mletcxtc bfesicquci ics jiiustrftjles objmfics vlet fttcjebrc icur mjhic.Wrceles icxcopic bcs jiiustrftjles quj fmmlopfècetijealroftjle objmfic bcstjec fux pftjcets quj arqucetcet

idpjtfi plur ue slje, uec jetcrvcetjle mdjrur`jmfic. Idpjtfiprlplsc ue scrvjmc fux pftjcets, ofjs bfes mcrtfjecs mlebjtjles.Ic pftjcet rcemletrc bcs prlacssjleecis quj pfricet ue ife`f`cspmjfijs quji jet`rc bjastmjicocet. Ji cst fmmucjiij bfes bcscspfmcs foef`s bc ofmdjecs ct bjestruocets quji ecofejpuicrf pfs ct blet ji ec mloprcebrf quc ics `rfebcs ijècsbutjijsftjle ct quj furlet plurtfet ue jopfmt bjrcmt sur sle mlrps.Ics qujpcs vlet trc focecs plscr bcs `cstcs sur ic mlrps bupftjcet quj bmicemdcrlet uec pcur, uec bluicur, uec sluaarfemc

plur ic hjce bu pftjcet. Ic pftjcet scrf jevjt sc bsdfhjiicr, bjojeucr prcsquc tltficocet sf olhjijt. Cesujtc ji bcvrfpfrmlurjr ue jtjerfjrc bfes idpjtfi blet ic sti rlu`c bcilr`fejsftjle iuj cst bjastmjicocet pcrmcptjhic. Mct mifjrf`coletrc quci pljet, plur sc afjrc sljècr, ji afut pluvljr fmmcptcruec srjc bc bplsscssjles ct quci pljet ji cst mlopijqubfmmbcr ele scuicocet uec mleefjssfemc, ofjs ue stftutbc pfrtcefjrc fmtja bfes ics sljes.Funlurbduj le sfjt mcpcebfet quc ifmms if suhncmtjvjtbu pftjcet cst ue cencu bc sf mlopijfemc fu trfjtcocet,ct sf pfrtjmjpftjle iuj pcrocttrf uec alroc bc rfpprlprjftjlebc sle mlrps ct bc sle djstljrc bfes mc mletcxtc dfutcocet`r pfr ics futrcs.

HebjmtcOjeùct

Icevcrs bubmlr ; ue futrcpljet bc vucsur idpjtfi


37/108

p.=0

Blmtlr la Wsymdlil`y,Icmturcr ft tdcSejvcrsjty la Ijc`cPlrk duofejzftjle>Xcscfrmd febBcvcilpocet.MDM. Ijc`c, Hci`juo

Hebjmtc Oje`uctdfs f WdB je Wsymdlil`yarlo tdc Sejvcrsjty laIj`c, sdc js f Icmturcrje tdc mdjibrce febtccef`cr Wsymdlil`yBcpfrtocet.Dcr rcscfrmd le tdcmfrc duofejzftjlebcvcilpocet icb dcr tl

bcvcilp f psymdlil`jmfifeb lr`fejzftjlefi illkle tdc Dlspjtfi.

Hcdjeb tdc smcecs;feltdcr pljet la vjcwle tdc dlspjtfi

Rdc suhncmt la lur stuby mlesjsts je mifrjayje` tdc mletcxtje wdjmd ocbjmfi jiiustrftjles djt tdcjr tfr`ct.Icts tfkc fs fe cxfopic tdc jiiustrftjles tdft fmmlopfeyocbjmfi jealroftjle bcstjecb tl pftjcets `lje` tl tdc dlspjtfi

alr mfrcs, f sur`jmfi lpcrftjle. Rdc dlspjtfi laacrs f scrvjmctl tdc pftjcets hut uebcr sloc mlebjtjles. Rdc pftjcets occtprlacssjlefis wdl spcfk f spcmjfijzcb ife`uf`c tdft js elt cfsjiyuebcrstfebfhic. Rdcy frc wcimlocb je spfmcs stttcb wjtdofmdjecs feb jestruocets tdft tdcy wlet ofejpuiftc febwdlsc auemtjleje` wjii hc pfrtjfiiy uebcrstllb feb yct, wjii dfvcf bjrcmt jopfmt le tdcjr hlby. Rdc stfaas frc `lje` tl pcralrosloc `csturcs le tdc pftjcets hlby tdft ofy mfusc acfr, pfje,suaacrje`...alr tdc pftjcets llb. Rdc pftjcet wjii hc fskcb

tl uebrcss, tl bcmrcfsc fiolst tltfiiy djs lr dcr olhjijty.Rdce dc lr sdc wjii dfvc tl mlvcr fe jtjecrfry je f dlspjtfiwdlsc lr`fejsftjlefi prjemjpics frc dfrbiy pcrmcptjhic. Rdcscjebjmftjles bcolestrftc dlw, tl hc trcftcb, ylu dfvc tl hc fhictl fmmcpt f scrjcs la bjsplsscssjles feb dlw jt js mlopijmftcbtl fmmcbc tl, elt leiy kelwicb`c, hut fisl f stftus la fmtjvcpfrtecr burje` tdc mfrcs.Dlwcvcr, elwfbfys, jt js wcii kelwe tdft tdc fmmcss tl tdcpftjcets suhncmtjvjty js fe jssuc tl tdc summcss la tdc trcftocet,feb djs lr dcr jopijmftjle wjii fiilw f mcrtfje alro la rcfpprl-prjftjle la djs lr dcr hlby feb jts djstlry je tdjs mletcxt dj`diymletrliicb hy ltdcrs.


38/108

p.=4

If pifmc bcs psymdlilùcs idpjtfi f afvlrjs icxprcssjlebc if suhncmtjvjt bcs pftjcets, ofjs ce bcdlrs bu mletcxtcbcs sljes, bfes ic mfbrc buec mlesuitftjle. Ics jestrojrcsmlemrtjscet if eltjle bc hjcetrfjtfemc ce mrfet uecftolspdrc rciftjleeciic f`rfhic futlur bcs sljes.Ic pftjcet iuj-ooc cetrc idpjtfi plrt pfr scs prlprcs

rcprscetftjles ijcs scs cxprjcemcs lu mciics bc scsprlmdcs, ofrqucs pfr ics sluaarfemcs ct ics jemloprdcesjlespius quc pfr if nljc.Iceafet pfr cxcopic sc sluvjcebrf bfvljr rcebu vjsjtc sle`rfeb-prc ct stleecrf bu afjt quji ifjt vu fttfmd sle ijt.Se futrc pftjcet pius ` mloouejqucrf sf acooc quj vfpfsscr ue smfeecr quji f cu ijoprcssjle bcetrcr bfes uemcrmucji. Se futrc ceafet sc vcrrf olurjr fprs ijetcrvcetjleec mloprcefet pfs quce iuj ceicvfet ue rcje, ji cst cemlrc

plssjhic bc vjvrc. Bfes ics rcprscetftjles mliicmtjvcs, icsjof`cs vdjmuics pfr ics objfs ct ics srjcs tivjscsfmmcetucet ic pluvljr blee fux qujpcs objmfics suric mlrps bu pftjcet, ce jesjstfet sur ics rciftjles jetcrpcr-sleeciics bfes iqujpc quj scohicet trc ic rci sunctbc mcs srjcs. ]lutcejr if suhncmtjvjt bu pftjcet idpjtfi,mcst buec pfrt ifr`jr ct eufemcr scs rcprscetftjles, ofjs fussjiuj pcrocttrc bc bjstjeùcr if pcur bc ife`ljssc. Mfr ife`ljsscvjcet ilrsquc ile ec pcut pfs octtrc bcs olts sur mc quji elus

frrjvc. Bl ijoplrtfemc plur icescohic bu puhijm dlspjtfijcrbc pluvljr fu oljes octtrc bcs jof`cs sur bcs sjtuftjles ijcsfux sljes ct tcetcr fjesj bc trfesalrocr ife`ljssc ce uec pcurue pcu pius mjrmlesmrjtc. Le ecaafmcrf nfofjs uec pcur, ofjsle pcut fjbcr ic pftjcet y afjrc afmc.Ofjs fmmucjiijr if suhncmtjvjt, jealrocr ics pftjcets, afmjijtcricur pfrtjmjpftjle ec vf pfs bc slj. Ics jealroftjles fvcm bcssupplrts vjsucis elet pfs tlunlurs afjt pfrtjc bcs prftjqucsdlspjtfijrcs. Ji f afiiu bcs alrmcs cxtrjcurcs plur jetrlbujrc mc

quj elus pfrft vjbcet funlurbduj idpjtfi ; ics fsslmjftjlesbc pfrcets, ics tubcs psymdlil`jqucs... Ji ey f pfs sj ile`tcopsquc mcif, ooc bfes ics ijvrcs bcstjes if ncuecssc, ic pcrsleecidlspjtfijcr rcevlyfjt iceafet ue bafut bc murjlsjt ilrsqujiplsfjt bcs qucstjles sur ic hilm lprftljrc. Bfes if sujtc,ics ijvrcs let ifjss if pifmc ijof`jefjrc bc iceafetdlspjtfijs ct mc ecst quc hjce pius tfrb quc if bofrmdcbjealroftjle scst strumturc futlur bcs jof`jcrs.Ics scrvjmcs sluvrcet prscet plur fmmucjiijr ics pftjcetsct ics ceafets fvfet icur dlspjtfijsftjle. Ics ijvrcts sletbjstrjhus plur slutcejr icaalrt bc mloprdcesjlebc oolrjsftjle bcs pftjcets, ilrsqujis slet blojmjic.Ijof`c cst objftrjmc cetrc iqujpc sljèfetc ct ic pftjcet,

f.

Fvfet bcetrcr idpjtfi,ics ceafets let uec jof`ctrs f`rcssjvc bu ijcu > ics jestrojrcs slet bcsslrmjrcs ct ics obcmjesmlurcet fprs tlj plurtc bmlupcr ! , bjscet-jis.If scrjeùc cst ilhnctquj mrjstfiijsc tlus icsafetfsocs mfr ciic plrtcbjrcmtcocet fttcjetc ijet`rjt pdysjquc.

Hcalrc lje` tl tdc dlspjtfi,tdc mdjibrce dfvc f vcryf``rcssjvc jof`c la tdcpifmc> eurscs frc wjtmdcsfeb blmtlrs rue fatcrylu tl mut ylu! tdcy sfy.Rdc syrje`c js tdc lhncmttdft mrystfiijzcs fii tdcscafetfsjcs hcmfusc jtbjrcmtiy faacmts pdysjmfijetc`rjty.


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p.=:

Rdc prcscemc la psymdlil`jsts je tdc dlspjtfi dfs cemlurf`cbtdc cxprcssjle la tdc pftjcets suhncmtjvjty, hut lutsjbctdc trcftocet mletcxt, wjtdje tdc arfocwlrk la f mlesuitftjle.Rdc eurscs oftcrjfijzc tdc eltjle la `llb trcftocet hy mrcftje`f picfsfet rciftjlefi cevjrleocet tdft surrluebs tdc mfrcs.Rdc pftjcets `l tl tdc dlspjtfi, mfrrjcb hy tdcjr lwe

rcprcscetftjles ijekcb tl tdcjr cxpcrjcemcs lr tdcjr rciftjvcs,`cecrfiiy sdfrcb frlueb suaacrje` feb jemloprcdcesjle rftdcrtdfe nly. Rdc mdjib, alr cxfopic, wjii rcocohcr dfvje` vjsjtcb djslr dcr `rfebaftdcr feb hcje` surprjscb hy sccje` djo tjcb up tldjs hcb. Feltdcr pftjcet, libcr, wjii sfy tl djs wjac wdl js `lje`tl dfvc f smfe tdft dc dfb tdc joprcssjle la cetcrje` f mlaste.Feltdcr mdjib wjii tdjek dc lr sdc js `lje` tl bjc fatcrtdc lpcrftjle hcmfusc dc lr sdc blcset uebcrstfeb tdftjt js plssjhic tl ijvc wjtd nust lec kjbecy. Je tdc mliicmtjvc

rcprcscetftjles tdc pjmturcs mlevcycb hy tdc ocbjf feb tdctcicvjsjle scrjcs jetcesjay tdc plwcr `jvce tl ocbjmfi stfaasle f pftjcets hlby, almussje` le jetcrpcrslefi rciftjlesdjpswjtdje tdc stfaa tdft scco tl hc tdc rcfi suhncmt la tdlsc scrjcs.]upplrtje` tdc pftjcets suhncmtjvjty ft tdc dlspjtfi js, le tdclec dfeb, wjbce feb sdfbc djs lr dcr rcprcscetftjles, le tdcltdcr dfeb fiilw djo lr dcr tl bjstje`ujsd acfr arlo fexjcty.Jebccb fexjcty dfppces wdce lec mfet put wlrbs le wdftjs `lje` le. Jt js tdus joplrtfet alr tdc wdlic dlspjtfi puhijm tl

hc fhic tl put ft icfst pjmturcs le sjtuftjles mleecmtcb tl mfrcsfeb try tdcrchy tl trfesalro fexjcty jetl f olrc bcstecb acfr.F acfr mfeelt hc crfscb hut tdc pftjcet mfe hc dcipcb tl afmc jt.Dlwcvcr, wcimloje` suhncmtjvjty, jealroje` pftjcets, ofkje`tdcjr pfrtjmjpftjle cfsjcr js elt lhvjlus. Jealroftjle wjtd vjsufisupplrts dfs elt fiwfys hcce pfrt la tdc dlspjtfi prfmtjmcs.Cxtcrefi alrmcs wcrc eccbcb tl jescrt wdft sccos mlooleelwfbfys ft tdc dlspjtfi; pfrcets fsslmjftjles, psymdlil`jmfistubjcs... Elt sl ile` f`l, cvce je mdjibrces hllks, tdc dlspjtfi

stfaa rcacrrcb tl f murjlsjty fw wdce f mdjib feswcrcbqucstjles fhlut tdc lpcrftje` rllo. Rdce, tdc hllks tllkjetl fmmluet tdc dlspjtfijzcb mdjibs jof`jeftjvc uejvcrsc,feb jt js cvce iftcr tdft tdc jealroftjle fpprlfmd wfsstrumturcb frlueb jof`c-ofkcrs.]crvjmcs lpce elw tl wcimloc pftjcets feb mdjibrce hcalrctdcjr dlspjtfijzftjle. Icfcts frc dfebcb lut tl supplrt tdcpftjcets ocolrjzftjle mloprcdcesjle caalrt wdce tdcy frcft dloc. Rdc pjmturc js ocbjftlry hctwcce tdc dlspjtfi stfaa

feb tdc pftjcet, hctwcce tdc dlspjtfi feb dloc (feb cvcesmdlli elw) hctwcce tdc suhncmtjvc rcprcscetftjles feb rcfijty.Feb cvce wdce jt blcs cxjst, tdc pftjcet ofy stjii stjmk tl f strstrcfbje` icvci, ijkc tdft ijttic `jri wdl, sccje` tdc pjmturc la f strst

h.

Ics ceafets quj snlurecetile`tcops idpjtfiic pcrljvcet mlooc uec

strumturc trs lr`fejsc.Mdjibrce dfvje` f ile` stfyje dlspjtfi pcrmcjvc jt fsf vcry lr`fejzcb strumturc.


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p.27

cetrc idpjtfi ct ic blojmjic (ct ooc prscet imlic)cetrc ics rcprscetftjles suhncmtjvcs ct if rfijt. Ct oocilrsquciic cxjstc, ic pftjcet rjsquc cemlrc bc sce tcejr ue prcojcr ejvcfu bc icmturc, mlooc mcttc stiicttc qujvlyfet ijof`c bue prcojcr ceafet ce sfiic blprftjlect mciic bue futrc ce sfiic bc rvcji fvcm bcs mdcvcux

bc mluicurs bjaarcetcs pcesfjt quc mtfjt i icaactbc ijetcrvcetjle mdjrur`jmfic.If vjc bcs jiiustrftjles fprs icur jetrlbumtjle bfes if rciftjlesljèfet-sljè plsc fussj qucstjle bfes if ocsurc l ciicf olbjst ic rfpplrt fu sfvljr, ciic pcroct fu pftjcet bjetcrf`jrsur if sjtuftjle. Mcst bfes mct csprjt quji cst joplrtfetbc rmdjr fvcm ics qujpcs quj vlet trc focecs rplebrcfux pftjcets, bjstrjhucr mcttc jealroftjle fu hle olocet, sfssurcr bc if hleec mloprdcesjle bc ijealroftjle

vjsuciic. Filrs quc if prftjquc jestrojrc ct objmfic cstcsscetjciicocet hfsc sur ijealroftjle lrfic, ji cst jetrcssfetbc sfpcrmcvljr quci pljet ijealroftjle vjsuciic cstmlopfrftjvcocet pcu prscetc filrs quc scs vcrtuspbf`l`jqucs slet bcpujs ile`tcops rcmleeucs. Mcst qucif il`jquc dlspjtfijrc ec b`f`c pfs emcssfjrcocet mcttcprjlrjt ct quc plur fssurcr ics brljts bc iceafet, bu pftjcetdlspjtfijs, ji afut bpilycr bcs olyces bjaarcets plur afjrcmletrcpljbs if il`jquc objmfic > slutcejr uec il`jquc

psymdlil`jquc ct pbf`l`jquc (bumftjle bu pftjcet) ce tcefetmloptc bcs hcsljes bcs pftjcets, mcetrc sur icur suhncmtjvjt,bvcilppcr uec il`jquc bc if pfrtjmjpftjle ct bu pfrtcefrjft qujrcemletrc sluvcet if alrmc bjecrtjc bc ilr`fejsftjle bu trfvfji.

m.

Ics ceafets fpprmjcetquc ics qujpcs sljèfetcsjealrocet ics ceafets surif ofifbjc ct ics sljes fvcmuec plupc objmfic.

Mdjibrce ijkc tdc afmt tdftocbjmfi tcfos jealro tdcole tdc bjscfsc feb mfrcswjtd f ocbjmfi blii.


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mdjib je tdc lpcrftje` rllo feb feltdcr lec wjtd feltdcrmdjib je tdc rcmlvcry rllo wjtd f bjstjemt dfjr mlilur,tdlu`dt jt wfs tdc rcsuit la tdc sur`jmfi lpcrftjle.Rdc ijac la tdc jiiustrftjles fatcr tdcjr jetrlbumtjle wjtdjetdc rciftjlesdjp mfrcb-mfrc `jvcrs dfs fisl tl hc mlesjbcrcbjeslafr jt olbjstcb tdc ijek tl kelwicb`c, jt fiilws tdc pftjcet

tl jetcrfmt le tdc sjtuftjle. Jt js je tdft spjrjt tdft jt js joplrtfettl tdjek fhlut tdft wjtd tdc stfaas tdft frc `lje` tl feswcrtdc pftjcets qucstjles, tl dfeb lut tdjs jealroftjle ft tdc`llb olocet, tl cesurc tdc `llb uebcrstfebje` la tdc vjsufijealroftjle.Pdjic tdc eursje` feb dlspjtfi prfmtjmc js ofjeiy hfscb lelrfi jealroftjle, jt js jetcrcstje` tl eltc dlw vjsufi jealroftjlejs mlopfrftjvciy elt vcry prcscet wdjic jts pcbf`l`jmfiprlpcrtjcs dfvc hcce rcml`ejzcb alr f ile` tjoc. Jebccb tdjs

prjlrjty js elt prcscet je tdc dlspjtfi il`jm feb tl cesurc tdcmdjib feb tdc je-pftjcets rj`dts bjstjemt ocfes dfvc tl hc uscbtl mluetcrhfifemc tdc dlspjtfi il`jm> tl supplrt f psymdlil`jmfifeb pcbf`l`jmfi il`jm (pftjcets cbumftjle) almusscb le tdcpftjcets suhncmtjvjty hy tfkje` jetl fmmluet tdc pftjcets eccbs,tl bcvcilp f pfrtjmjpftjle feb pfrtecrsdjp il`jm tdft latce afmcstdc alrmc la jecrtjf la wlrk lr`fejsftjle.

b.

Mcttc jof`c cst icxprcssjlebc if bluicur quj jrrfbjcic mlrps ct ifefetjt.

Rdjs jof`c js tdc cxprcssjlela pfje tdft rfbjftcs tdchlby feb bcstrlys jt.


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43/108

p.2=

Pftcrmlilrjst-rcplrtcr

J dfvc hcce fwftcrmlilrjst-rcplrtcralr twcety ycfrs.Fhlvc fii J fof rcplrtcr, hcalrchcje` f wftcrmlilrjst.J bl ijvc brfwje`;J brfw le tdc splttl sdlw tdc wlribJ bjsmlvcr tl tdc`cecrfi puhijm.J wfs hlre jetl f afojiyla brfwcrs feb pfjetcrsalr `cecrftjles.Jt js f ile` tjoc f`l tdftjt js el ile`cr f prlhico.

Rdc ofstcrcb tcmdejqucfiilws mlopictcarccblo. Rdc wftcrmlilrjs oy nlh, oy ocfes lamloouejmftjle. J wlrkalr tdc ltdcrs feb ijstcetl tdco.

Idpjtfi, if vjc, if olrt

J bjsmlvcrcb tdc dlspjtfi wlrib je 6::3, je Arcsecs, burje`f mlvcrf`c le prjsles. Pdjic cetcrje` je tdc lpcrftje` hilmk,tdc jbcf la f hllk le tdc Dlspjtfi mfoc tl oc. Brfwje` f milscbwlrib, wdjmd js smfry, js cxfmtiy tdc hfsjs la oy wlrk> jt dcips

tl ofkc hllks tdft ofkc scesc feb frc tdlu`dt-prlvlkje`.Je 6::0, ft tdc rcicfsc la tdc Mfrects bc prjsles, tdc ofef`crla tdc Ifeecm Dlspjtfi prlplscb oc tl bcsmrjhc tdc ifst oletdsla tdjs jestjtutjle hcalrc jts trfesacr jetl tdc hrfeb ecw WlopjbluDlspjtfi. J spcet sjx oletds je tdjs dlspjtfi ft duofe smfic,siccpje` tdcrc, je tdc fttjm wdce ecmcssfry. Lec mfeeltuebcrstfeb f pifmc wjtdlut dfvje` sicpt tdcrc; jt js cvce olrctruc alr tdc dlspjtfi. Dfia-ij`dt, tdc wlrk la tdc stfaa, tdc pftjcetsfexjcty, tdc sjicemc, fatcr tdc mlestfet eljsc la tdc bfy. J spcet

f ile` tjoc je tdc bcpfrtocet la jetcrefi ocbjmjec, tdc hcst wfytl fpprlfmd tdc dlspjtfi wlrib. Rdjs js wdcrc J oct tdc dcfbla tdc bcpfrtocet, Wrlacsslr Burfeb, fe lpce-ojebcb ofe,auii la duofejty, sjttje` hy tdc hcbsjbc la tdc pftjcets.Pjtd djo J mluib aliilw tdc wcckiy `rcft vjsjt. F illk,fe cxmcptjlefi ijstceje`. J wfs iumky tl stfrt wjtd tdc hcst.J dfvc twl fsscts le tdc pftd la bjsmlvcry. Oy j`elrfemc. Pdce J stfrtcb tdjs ecw fbvceturc J kecweltdje` fhlut tdc dlspjtfi. J bjb elt `ct fey blmuocetftjle - wdftjs tdc purplsc la kelwje` je fbvfemc< Oy rcft tdclry> Jii l strst,Jii scc wdcrc J stfeb ecxt. Jt sfvcs oc arlo fexjcty. J fo f wlofela prfmtjmfi cxpcrjcemc. J bjsmlvcr olrc cvcry bfy. J ijstce. Je twcetyycfrs, J dfvc icfrecb dlw tl brfw wdjic tfkje` eltcs. J fo iumky


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p.22

bcssjecr ce ooc tcops quc nc prcebs bcs eltcs. Nfj if mdfemcbtrc fohjbcxtrc ct bc pluvljr bcssjecr bc if ofje `fumdcpcebfet quc nmrjs bc if ofje brljtc. Bfeec ce feec, ocsmfrects bc eltcs slet bc pius ce pius joplsfets, if pfrlic ocscohic sluvcet prcebrc ic pfs sur ic bcssje. Se bcssje sfespfrlic oc scohic vjbc bc sces, ooc sji cst of`ejstquc.

Bcuxjoc ftlut, bc tfjiic > ic tcops.Nc pfrs bu prjemjpc quc nfj tlut ole tcops. Fjbc ce mcif pfric afjt quc, plur mc ijvrc sur idpjtfi mlooc plur ole prlnct fmtuci ic mlrps plijtjquc , nc trfvfjiifjs scuic, sfes bjtcur. Fttcetjle,mcst cxfmtcocet mc quji ec afut NFOFJ] afjrc. Fumue bcssjeftcurelrofi ec sc ncttcrfjt bfes uec fvceturc pfrcjiic sfes if smurjtbue pfrtcefrjft. bmlescjiicr fhsliuocet !Ofjs nfj rfpjbcocet mloprjs quc prlplscr ue ijvrc bletic tjtrc mletcefjt ic olt olrt tfjt ue bst jesuroletfhic.

Mtfjt ue prlnct tltficocet pcrsleeci. Nc bcvrfjs sujvrc of rlutc,scuic. Wfrfblxficocet, f oc bleefjt ue scetjocet bc ijhcrt tltfic.Nfnlutc quc bcux fes pius tfrb, nc trluvfjs fvcm Fetljec @fiijofrbibjtcur blet nfvfjs hcslje, suastsfoocet mlurf`cux plur fmmcptcric tjtrc, ic alroft dlrs elrocs, ct ic elohrc bc pf`cs emcssfjrcs.Nfvfjs rcu ifutlrjsftjle bu bjrcmtcur bc iFWDW. Lhij`ftljrc.Le ecetrc pfs bfes ue dpjtfi mlooc bfes ue oluije.Ole stftut bc rctrfjtc oc bleefjt uec smurjt stefemjrc. olj bfvfemcr, pfs pfs. Ce nfevjcr 8776, fprs bcux fes pfsss

Xloc rfmletcr ic Qftjmfe, nfj vrjtfhicocet pile` bfesic olebc dlspjtfijcr quc nc efj pius qujtt nusquce 877=.Mcst mc olocet- i quc ic pife bu ijvrc scst jopls > idpjtfi,le y eft, le y ocurt. Mcst if vjc quc nc vfjs rfmletcr, fu murbc mdfmue bcetrc elus. Ic bcssje pcroct bfiicr fu-bci bcsfppfrcemcs, ji trfvcrsc ics alrocs, ic pjemcfu cst ole ocjiicurmlopijmc. Wlur olj quj sujs tlunlurs ce qutc boltjles,pcebfet mcs feecs bc pile`c bfes iduofje, nfiifjs trc scrvjc.Mloocet afjt-le plur cetrcr bfes ue scrvjmc < Ji afut bu tcops,

nc ifj bn bjt. Xcemletrcr ic bjrcmtcur bc itfhijsscocet,oc prscetcr fu mdca bc scrvjmc, fux mfbrcs, fu pcrsleecict icur cxpijqucr ilhnct bc ole trfvfji.Cesujtc, qufeb ic olocet tfjt prlpjmc, f pluvfjt trc bcs oljspius tfrb, nc ojestfiifjs bfes ic scrvjmc, dfhjiic buec hiluschifemdc, hfb`c, ue mdfrjlt objmfi plrtfet ole oftrjcibc bcssje. If piupfrt bu tcops, mc slet ics ofifbcs cux-oocsquj olet pcrojs bc mloprcebrc mc qujis vjvfjcet. Nc oc sluvjcesbc Afeey, fblicsmcetc ce lemlil`jc, fvcm sle aluifrb sur if ttc,uec dfhjtuc. Ciic of ijttrficocet prjsc pfr if ofje ct sle rc`frbcst bcvceu ic ojce. Bfes mc scrvjmc prlt`, ntfjs ptrjstc.Cetjrcocet vtuc bc if tceuc strjic, nc huttfjs sur olejemfpfmjt rcebrc if trfespfrcemc bcs ifocs bc pifstjquc

f.

83 lmtlhrc 8776, 62d63]fijojef bleec ic scje Mdfoslubjec,ic prcojcr-e bc scs trjpis.

Lmtlhcr 83, 8776, 8.63 po]fijojef hrcfstaccbsMdfoslubjec, tdc strsthlrela dcr trjpicts.


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p.23

tl hc fohjbcxtrlus; tdcrcalrc J fo fhic tl brfw wjtdoy icat dfeb wdjic wrjtje` wjtd tdc rj`dt lec. Zcfr fatcr ycfr,oy eltchllks frc hcmloje` ifr`cr; tdc wlrb latce tfkcsprcmcbcemc lvcr tdc brfwje`. F brfwje` wjtdlut wlrbssccos ocfeje`icss, cvce ja jt js lutstfebje`. ]cmleb joplrtfet fssct> tjoc.

J fssuoc tdc afmt tdft J dfvc fii oy tjoc. Dcipcb je tdjs hy tdcafmt tdft, alr tdjs hllk le tdc dlspjtfi fs alr oy murrcet prlncmt tdc plijtjmfi hlby J wlrkcb filec, wjtdlut f puhijsdcr. Dlwcvcrtdjs js cxfmtiy wdft sdluib ECQCX hc blec. El lrbjefry jiiustrftlrwluib tdrlw djoscia je sumd fe fbvceturc wjtdlut tdc scmurjtyla f pfrtecrsdjp. Rl fvljb fhsliutciy!Hut J qujmkiy rcfijzcb tdft prlplsje` f hllk wjtd f tjticmletfjeje` tdc wlrb bcftd wfs fe jesuroluetfhic mdfiice`c.Jt wfs tltfiiy f pcrslefi prlncmt. J dfb tl aliilw oy pftd

filec. Wfrfblxjmfiiy jt fvc oc f accije` la tltfi arccblo.Rwl ycfrs iftcr J alueb tdc puhijsdcr tdft J eccbcb je Fetljec@fiijofrb. Hrfvc celu`d tl fmmcpt tdc tjtic, tdc ele-stfebfrbalroft feb tdc euohcr la pf`cs rcqujrcb.J rcmcjvcb tdc pcrojssjle arlo tdc Ofef`cr la tdc FWDW.Mlopuislry. Lec mfeelt cetcr jetl f dlspjtfi je tltfiarccblo. Oy rctjrcb stftus fvc oc f stefemjfi scmurjty.Sp tl oc tl l alrwfrb, stcp hy stcp.Je Nfeufry 8776, fatcr twl ycfrs spcet je Xloc

bcsmrjhje` tdc Qftjmfe, J rcfiiy joocrscb oyscia jetltdc dlspjtfi wlrib, wdjmd J bjb elt icfvc uetji 877=.Jt wfs ft tdft tjoc tdft tdc pife la tdc hllk cocr`cb> je tdcdlspjtfi, wc wcrc hlre feb wc bjc. Jt js tdc ijac tdft Jo `lje`tl tcii, ft tdc dcfrt la fii la us. Brfwje` fiilws `lje` hcylebfppcfrfemcs, jt lcs tdrlu`d tdc alros; tdc pfjethrusdjs oy hcst fmmcsslry. Alr oc, fiwfys je scfrmd la coltjles,burje` tdcsc ycfrs la bjvje` je duofes, J wluib hc wcii-scrvcb.Dlw tl cetcr jetl f scrvjmc< Jt tfkcs tjoc, fs J fircfby sfjb jt.

Occtje` tdc bjrcmtlr la tdc jestjtutjle, jetrlbumje` oysciatl tdc scrvjmc Ofef`cr, tdc cxcmutjvcs, tl tdc stfaa feb cxpifjeje`tdco tdc purplsc la oy wlrk.Rdce wdce tdc tjoc wfs tdc rj`dt lec - jt mluib hc oletds iftcr -J sctticb je tdc scrvjmc, brcsscb je f wdjtc mlft, wcfrje` f hfb`c,pusdje` f ocbjmfi mfrt wjtd oy brfwje` cqujpocet. Olst la tdctjoc, jt js tdc pftjcets tdcoscivcs wdl fiilwcb oc tl uebcrstfebwdft tdcy wcrc ijvje`. J rcocohcr Afeey, f tccef`cr je lemlil`ybcpfrtocet, wjtd f smfra le dcr dcfb, f rc`uifr pftjcet.

]dc ijtcrfiiy tllk oc hy tdc dfeb, feb dcr cycs hcmfoc ojec.Je tdjs scmurcb scrvjmc, J wfs pctrjstcb.Auiiy brcsscb wjtd tdc stcrjic uejalro, J stuohicb le oy jefhjijtytl rcprcscet tdc trfespfrcet pifstjm hifbcs surrluebje` tdc ylue`

h.

2 lmtlhrc 8776, 86d67 Fiicz, le plussc.Fiicz, fiicz, cemlrc...Xcspjrcz... Ec plusscz pius.

Lmtlhcr 2, 8776, :.67 po Mloc le, icts pusd.

Wusd, pusd, f`fje...Hrcftdc... Blet pusdfeyolrc.


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cetlurfet ifjrc bc vjc bcs ncuecs ofifbcs. Mcst cemlrc iue bcuxquj of fjbc. Ji tfjt sur sle ijt, ofe`cfet bu hlut bcs ivrcs slebncuecr. Ji oc rc`frbfjt brljt bfes ics ycux. Ji ec of pfs qujttbu rc`frb pcebfet tlut ic tcops l nc bcssjefjs. Vufeb nfj cu stej,nc iuj fj oletr ic bcssje. Ji of bjt > Mcst f, mcst tlut afjt f ! .Ji fvfjt tltficocet `ujb ole pjemcfu.

Nc ic bjs sluvcet, nc bcssjec fvcm mcux quc nc rcemletrc.Nc efj nfofjs vli ue bcssje quciquue, nfofjs luvcrt if plrtcbuec mdfohrc sfes fvljr t feelemc. ]ji ofrrjvfjt bc scetjrquc nc pluvfjs brfe`cr ue pftjcet, nc pfrtfjs. Ofjs of prscemctfjt if piupfrt bu tcops hestquc, ooc fux ur`cemcs, uescrvjmc cxtrococet bjastmjic, tcebu. Ics pftjcets vcefjcetrc`frbcr ic bcssje sc afjrc slus icurs ycux ct luhijfjcet ueolocet icurs rjcas, icurs bjastmuits.Ics pf`cs bu ijvrc sc oletfjcet, oljs fprs oljs.

Wfrfblxficocet, ic pius bjastmjic f t bc bcssjecrmc quc nc mleefjssfjs, if efjssfemc. Ntfjs jestfiicbfes uec mdfohrc Fetljec Hmirc l ic prlacsscurArybofe ofvfjt fmmucjiijc fvcm hjcevcjiifemc.Ofjs mloocet bcssjecr ic eluvcfu-e quj pljetc sle mrec cetrcics mujsscs bc sf orc, ic prc hluicvcrs, if sf`c-acooc, if tlutcncuec fjbc-slj`efetc fu hlrb bcs ifrocs. Ji of afiiu bcs scofjecsplur suroletcr of prlprc oltjle, tlut mc quj oc afjsfjt rcvjvrcmc quc nfvfjs vmu, qufrfetc fes pius tt.

Nc sfvfjs quc if ste bc if vjc, nc if bcssjecrfjs ic olocet vceu, if ste bc mc ile` trfvfji, bc mc mdcoje jejtjftjquc, mc scrfjtic bcrejcr mlup bc pjemcfu. Nfj pfss bcs scofjecs ce uejtbc sljes pfiijftjas. Nfvfjs uec mdfohrc, sur pifmc, Hrctleecfu,ue dpjtfi bc `rletlil`jc quj vcefjt bluvrjr, fvcm uec bjrcmtrjmcct ue pcrsleeci cxmcptjleeci.Ntfjs mc pljet jet`rc iqujpc qule of bcofeb ue nlurbc rcstcr mt buec pftjcetc, ic pcrsleeci tfet bhlrb. sf bcofebc, nc iuj fj prjs if ofje. Elus sloocs rcstcs

ile`tcops mlooc f, sjicemjcuscs, olj bcssjefet. Ciic of bjt > Nc sujs hjce . Nfj cu ic scetjocet bfvljr t utjic mc nlur-i.Ic bcrejcr bcssje bu ijvrc, nc ifj afjt vcrs ojeujt, ji cst vceu tlutscui, mtfjt if ste bu vlyf`c, if ste bu rcplrtf`c.Mcst ic bcssje fuquci nc tjces ic pius. Se bcssje ele mletri,ue tft bc `rmc.Le oc bjt sluvcet > Cst-mc quc tu ec plurrfjs pfs mdljsjr bcssuncts pius i`crs < . Wcut-trc. Ofjs nc sujs mcrtfjec quc mcttcduofejt-i, nc sujs afjtc plur if trfesocttrc, mcst mc quj oc

afjt fvfemcr. Rfet quc nfurfj mcttc cevjc, nc mletjeucrfj.

m.

4 nuje 8776, 63d37Fssjsc sur sle ijt,Afeey prceb ue mlursbc pdysjquc-mdjojcfvcm ]tpdfejc,sle prlacsscurbc imlic idpjtfi.Nuec 4, 8776, =.37 po]jttje` le dcr hcb,Afeey tfkcs f mlurscla pdysjms feb mdcojstrywjtd ]tcpdfejc,dcr tcfmdcr ft tdcDlspjtfis ]mdlli.


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p.20

pftjcets frcf la ijac. Lemc f`fje jt wfs lec la tdco wdl dcipcboc. Dc wfs je djs hcb, cftje djs iuemd vcry silwiy. Dc illkcbft oc strfj`dt je tdc cycs burje` tdc cetjrc tjoc J wfs brfwje`djo. Pdce J wfs stejsdcb, J sdlwcb djo tdc brfwje`.Dc sfjb> Rdjs js cxfmtiy jt!. Dc tltfiiy `ujbcb oy pfjethrusd.J latce sfy jt; J brfw wjtd tdc pclpic J occt. J ecvcr stlic f brfwje`

arlo feylec, ecvcr lpcecb tdc bllr la f rllo wjtdlut hcje`feeluemcb. ]loctjocs wdce J acit J mluib hltdcr f pftjcet, J icat.Hut, olst la tdc tjoc, oy prcscemc wfs sfiutfry, cvce ft tdccocr`cemy bcpfrtocet, fe cxtrcociy bjastmuit feb tcesc scrvjmc.Rdc pftjcets wcrc wftmdje` tdc brfwje` tfkje` pifmc uebcr tdcjrcycs feb alr f olocet alr`lt tdcjr mlopifjets feb bjastmuitjcs.Rdc hllk cvlivcb oletd fatcr oletd. Wfrfblxjmfiiy, tdc olstbjastmuit tdje` wfs tl brfw wdft J kecw > hjrtd. J wfs je f rlloft Fetljec Hmirc wdcrc Wrlacsslr Arybofe dfb jetrlbumcb

oc wjtd kjebecss.Hut dlw tl brfw tdc ecwhlre hfhy pljetje` djs skuii hctwccetdc tdj`ds la djs oltdcr, tdc sdlmkcb aftdcr, tdc ojbwjac,tdc ylue` eursc fhlut tl hurst jetl tcfrs < Jt tllk oc wcckstl lvcrmloc oy lwe coltjle, lvcrmloc cvcrytdje` tdft ofbcoc ijvc f`fje wdft J dfb cxpcrjcemcb alrty ycfrs cfrijcr.J kecw tdft tdc ceb la ijac, J wluib brfw jt je tjoc, ft tdc ceb la tdjsile` wlrk, la tdjs jejtjftlry pftd. Jt wluib hc tdc ifst pfjethrusdtlumd. J spcet wccks je pfiijftjvc mfrc uejt. J dfb f rllo

ft Hrctleecfu, f crjftrjm dlspjtfi wdjmd dfb nust lpcecb,wjtd fe cxmcptjlefi bjrcmtlr feb stfaa.J wfs sl wcii jetc`rftcb jetl tdc tcfo tdft J wfs fskcb lec bfytl stfy ecxt tl f pftjcet, tdc stfaa hcje` lvcrwdciocb. Ft tdcpftjcets rcqucst, J tllk dcr dfeb. Pc stfycb ijkc tdft alr f ile`tjoc, hltd sjicet, oc brfwje`. ]dc sfjb> J acci `llb. Rdft bfyJ `lt tdc accije` la hcje` uscaui.Rdc ifst brfwje` la tdc hllk, J bjb jt frlueb ojbej`dt, jt mfochy jtscia. Jt wfs tdc ceb la tdc nlurecy, tdc ceb la tdc stlry.

Jt js tdc brfwje` J ijkc tdc hcst. F ele-mletrliicb lec, f stftcla `rfmc.J fo latce tlib> Mfet ylu mdllsc sloc ij`dtcr suhncmts< .Ofyhc. Hut Jo surc tdft tdjs duofejty, Jo ofbc tl trfesojtjt - tdjs js wdft kccps oc `lje`. Fs ile` fs J dfvc tdjs bcsjrc,J wjii `l le.

b.

3 ofrs 877=, 7d67

Ofrmd 3, 877= 7.67 fo


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p.24

]ojltjmjce fu Mcetrcbc Xcmdcrmdc Jof`cs,Muiturcs ct MlèjtjlesSejvcrsjt Wfrjs 6Wfetdle-]lrhleec

Hcrefrb Bfrrfs cstWrlacsscur bc sojltjqucct bc otdlblil`jcsbc if rcmdcrmdc iSejvcrsjt Wfrjs 6Wfetdle-]lrhleec Wfrjs. Ji cst fussjCescjèfet Mdcrmdcurjevjt fu Hrsji, ce Mlrc,fu Ijhfe ct ce Ruejsjc.Ji bjrj`c ic Mcetrcbc Xcmdcrmdc Jof`cs,

Muiturcs ct Mlèjtjles(MXJMM) ct ic bpfrtcocetbc Muiturc ct Mlo-ouejmftjle if afmuitbcs frts ct smjcemcsbc ifrt (SAX 72).]cs rcmdcrmdcsmlemcrecet if sojl-tjquc prfòftjquc ctmlèjtjvc fjesj qucif sojltjquc systojqucfppijqucs if muiturcvjsuciic, euorjquc

ct oftrjciic.

Rrljs typcs bjealroftjles tcxtuciics stùrcet if prjpdrjcbcs blmuocets vjsucis prscets bfes ics puhijmftjlessmjcetjstqucs, smlifjrcs lu prlacssjleeciics. If pius mlooueccst if i`cebc, vjceecet cesujtc ics jealroftjles

blmuocetfjrcs ct rìcocetfjrcs sur ifutcur bc ijof`c ct sleprlprjtfjrc. Ceste, bfes mcrtfjes mfs pfrtjmuijcrs, stùrcet icsocetjles vuc bfrtjstc lu jof`c ele mletrfmtuciic qujjevjtcet ic icmtcur fblptcr uec bjstfemc mrjtjquc pfr rfpplrtfux jealroftjles bc ijof`c ct quj ificrtcet sur ics ijojtcsbu mletrft bc vrjbjmtjle.Hjce quc if vuc bfrtjstc afssc pfrtjc bcs ocetjles prtcetjle nurjbjquc, ji ecxjstc fumuec ilj ej nurjsprubcemcquj icemfbrc spmjstqucocet bfes ic brljt arfefjs (tlut fu

oljes ce 8766). Mcst blem ic scui brljt bfutcur quj cst ic mfbrcnurjbjquc bc rarcemc plur ics blmuocets fjesj eloos filrsquc ics jof`cs mletrfmtuciics rcevljcet fu brljt bcslhij`ftjles.Ics bjmtjleefjrcs ct cemymilpbjcs slet pcu prlijxcs fu sunctbc if vuc bfrtjstc blet elus prlplsles if bstejtjlesyetdtjquc sujvfetc > uec vuc bfrtjstc ef rjce bfrtjstjquc.Mcst uec rcprscetftjle blet ics huts slet blmuocetfjrcsct bjbfmtjqucs. Ciic cst rfijsc qufeb uec rcprscetftjlebjrcmtc bc sle lhnct f bjspfru (pfss), cst ce prlnct (autur)lu cst jefmmcssjhic (bjstfemc). Ciic rsuitc erficocet buecmliifhlrftjle cetrc ue jiiustrftcur ct ue spmjfijstc b

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