2. Dr Grazia SOC TRANG Gbf Presentation

8/9/2019 2. Dr Grazia SOC TRANG Gbf Presentation

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The ICCA

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Traditional NRM systemsTraditional NRM systems AgroAgro--industrialindustrial--market systemmarket system

Tenure and use of natural resources based onTenure and use of natural resources based on

common propertycommon property regimes, regulated byregimes, regulated by

customary lawscustomary laws

Tenure and use of natural resources based onTenure and use of natural resources based on

private and state propertyprivate and state property regimes, regulatedregimes, regulated

byby written lawwritten law

Focus on securing communityFocus on securing community livelihoodslivelihoods Focus on the generation of private, corporateFocus on the generation of private, corporateor stateor state wealthwealth

AreAre subsistencesubsistence--orientedoriented IsIs marketmarket--orientedoriented

Based onBased on local knowledge and skillslocal knowledge and skills,,

local experimentation and adaptationlocal experimentation and adaptation

Based onBased on objective scienceobjective science and theand the

reduction of local decisions andreduction of local decisions anduncertaintiesuncertainties

Aim atAim at longlong--termterm sustainable livelihoods,sustainable livelihoods,

defined in a general sensedefined in a general sense

Aims at relativelyAims at relatively shortshort--termterm, precisely, precisely

measurable productionmeasurable production resultsresults

ImportantImportant religious and symbolic valuereligious and symbolic valueattached to natureattached to nature

Nature isNature is mattermatter to be controlled andto be controlled anddominateddominated

IntegrationIntegration of conservation and use, focusof conservation and use, focus

onon sustainable usesustainable use

SeparationSeparation betweenbetween conservationconservation andand use,use,

focus onfocus on strict conservationstrict conservation andand maximummaximum

useuse


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Tenure and use of naturalTenure and use of natural

resources based onresources based on

common propertycommon propertyregimesregimes, regulated by, regulated by

customary lawscustomary laws

Tenure and use of naturalTenure and use of natural

resources based onresources based on privateprivate

and state propertyand state propertyregimesregimes, regulated by, regulated by

written lawwritten lawFocus on securing community livelihoodsFocus on securing community livelihoods Focus on the generation of private, corporate or state wealthFocus on the generation of private, corporate or state wealth

SubsistenceSubsistence--orientedoriented MarketMarket--orientedoriented

Based on local knowledge and skills, the recognition ofBased on local knowledge and skills, the recognition of

indeterminacies, riskindeterminacies, risk--aversion behaviour and an emphasis onaversion behaviour and an emphasis on

experimentation and adaptationexperimentation and adaptation

Based onBased on objective scienceobjective science, aiming at the reduction of subjective,, aiming at the reduction of subjective,

local decisions and uncertaintieslocal decisions and uncertainties

Aim at longAim at long--term sustainable livelihoods, defined in a general senseterm sustainable livelihoods, defined in a general sense Aims at relatively shortAims at relatively short--term, precisely measurable production resultsterm, precisely measurable production results

Important religious and symbolic value attached to natureImportant religious and symbolic value attached to nature Nature is matter to be controlled and dominatedNature is matter to be controlled and dominated

Integration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationationand maximum useand maximum use


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Tenure and use of natural resources based on common propertyTenure and use of natural resources based on common property

regimes, regulated by customary lawsregimes, regulated by customary laws

Tenure and use of natural resources based on private and state pTenure and use of natural resources based on private and state propertyroperty

regimes, regulated by written lawregimes, regulated by written law

Focus on securingFocus on securing

communitycommunity

livelihoodslivelihoods

Focus on theFocus on the

generation ofgeneration of

private, corporate orprivate, corporate or

statestate wealthwealthSubsistenceSubsistence--orientedoriented MarketMarket--orientedoriented

Based on local knowledge and skills, local experimentation andBased on local knowledge and skills, local experimentation and

adaptationadaptation

Based onBased on objective scienceobjective science and the reduction of local decisions andand the reduction of local decisions and

uncertaintiesuncertainties



Integration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationation

and maximum useand maximum use


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Tenure and use of natural resources based onTenure and use of natural resources based on common propertycommon property

regimes, regulated byregimes, regulated by customary lawscustomary laws

Tenure and use of natural resources based onTenure and use of natural resources based on private and state propertyprivate and state property

regimes, regulated byregimes, regulated by written lawwritten law

Focus on securing communityFocus on securing community livelihoodslivelihoods Focus on the generation of private, corporate or stateFocus on the generation of private, corporate or state wealthwealth

AreAre subsistencesubsistence--

orientedoriented

IsIs marketmarket--orientedoriented







Integration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationationand maximum useand maximum use


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Tenure and use of natural resources based on common propertyTenure and use of natural resources based on common propertyregimes, regulated by customary lawsregimes, regulated by customary laws

Tenure and use of natural resources based on private and state pTenure and use of natural resources based on private and state propertyropertyregimes, regulated by written lawregimes, regulated by written law

Focus on securing community livelihoodsFocus on securing community livelihoods Focus on the generation of private, corporate or state wealthFocus on the generation of private, corporate or state wealth

SubsistenceSubsistence--orientedoriented MarketMarket--orientedoriented

Based onBased on locallocal

knowledge and skillsknowledge and skills,,

local experimentationlocal experimentationand adaptationand adaptation

Based onBased on objectiveobjective

sciencescience and theand the

reduction of localreduction of localdecisions anddecisions and

uncertaintiesuncertaintiesAim at longAim at long--term sustainable livelihoods, defined in a general senseterm sustainable livelihoods, defined in a general sense Aims at relatively shortAims at relatively short--term, precisely measurable production resultsterm, precisely measurable production results


Integration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationation



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Are subsistenceAre subsistence--orientedoriented Is marketIs market--orientedoriented


adaptationadaptationBased onBased on objective scienceobjective science and the reduction of local decisions andand the reduction of local decisions and


Aim atAim at longlong--termterm

sustainablesustainablelivelihoods, defined inlivelihoods, defined in

a general sensea general sense

Aims at relativelyAims at relatively

shortshort--termterm, precisely, preciselymeasurable productionmeasurable production

resultsresultsImportant religious and symbolic value attached to natureImportant religious and symbolic value attached to nature Nature is matter to be controlled and dominatedNature is matter to be controlled and dominatedIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationation



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ImportantImportant religiousreligiousand symbolic valueand symbolic value

attached to natureattached to nature

Nature isNature is mattermatterto be controlled andto be controlled and

dominateddominatedIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable useIntegration of conservation and use, focus on sustainable use Separation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservSeparation between conservation and use, focus on strict conservationationand maximum useand maximum use


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IntegrationIntegration ofof

conservation and use,conservation and use,

focus onfocus on sustainablesustainable

useuse

SeparationSeparation betweenbetween

conservationconservation andand use,use,

focus onfocus on strictstrict

conservationconservation andand

maximum usemaximum use


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key messageskey messages


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8(,)98(,)9 48(,):548(,):5

VIVI ManagedManaged

ResourceResource

VV ProtectedProtected

Landscape/Landscape/

SeascapeSeascape

IVIV

Habitat/Habitat/

SpeciesSpecies

ManagementManagement

IIIIII NaturalNatural

MonumentMonument

IIII NationalNational

Park (ecosystemPark (ecosystemprotection;protection;

protection ofprotection of

cultural values)cultural values)

II -- Strict NatureStrict Nature

Reserve/Reserve/

Wilderness AreaWilderness Area

CommunityCommunity

Conserved AreasConserved Areas

-- declared anddeclared and

run byrun by

traditionaltraditionalpeoples and localpeoples and local

communitiescommunities

Indigenous bioIndigenous bio--

cultural areas &cultural areas &

TerritoriesTerritories--

declared and run bydeclared and run by

Indigenous PeoplesIndigenous Peoples

by forby for

profitprofit

organisatorganisat

ions (e.g.ions (e.g.

corporatcorporate lande land--

owners )owners )

byby

nonnon--

profitprofit

organisatorganisat

ions (e.g.ions (e.g.NGOsNGOs,,

univuniv..

etc.)etc.)

DeclaredDeclared

and runand run

byby

individuindividu

al landal land--ownerowner

JointJoint

managementmanagement

(pluralist(pluralist


board)board)

CollaborativCollaborativ

ee

managemenmanagemen

t (varioust (various

forms offorms ofpluralistpluralist

influence)influence)

TransTrans--

boundarboundar

yy

managemanage

mentment

GovernGovern

mentment--

delegatedelegate

dd

managemanagementment

(e.g. to(e.g. to

an NGO)an NGO)

Local/Local/

municipmunicip

alal

ministryministry

ororagencyagency

inin

changechange

FederaFedera

l orl or

nationnation

alal

ministrministry ory or

agencyagency

D. Indigenous Peoples &D. Indigenous Peoples &

Community GovernanceCommunity Governance

C. PrivateC. Private

GovernanceGovernance

B. Shared GovernanceB. Shared GovernanceA. Governance byA. Governance by

GovernmentGovernment


typetype

CategoryCategory

((managmanag..

objective)objective)

8(,) 9 8(,) 9


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8(,)98(,)9 48(,):548(,):5

VIVI ManagedManaged

ResourceResource

VV ProtectedProtected

Landscape/Landscape/

SeascapeSeascape

IVIV

Habitat/Habitat/

SpeciesSpecies

ManagementManagement

IIIIII NaturalNatural

MonumentMonument

IIII NationalNational

Park (ecosystemPark (ecosystemprotection;protection;

protection ofprotection of

cultural values)cultural values)

II -- Strict NatureStrict Nature

Reserve/Reserve/

Wilderness AreaWilderness Area

CommunityCommunity

Conserved AreasConserved Areas

-- declared anddeclared and

run byrun by

traditionaltraditionalpeoples and localpeoples and local

communitiescommunities

Indigenous bioIndigenous bio--

cultural areas &cultural areas &

TerritoriesTerritories--

declared and run bydeclared and run by

Indigenous PeoplesIndigenous Peoples

by forby for

profitprofit

organisatorganisat


corporatcorporat

e lande land--

owners )owners )

byby

nonnon--

profitprofit

organisatorganisat


NGOsNGOs,,

univuniv..

etc.)etc.)

DeclaredDeclared

and runand run

byby

individuindividu

al landal land

--

ownerowner

JointJoint


(pluralist(pluralist


board)board)

CollaborativCollaborativ

ee

managemenmanagemen

t (varioust (various

forms offorms of

pluralistpluralist

influence)influence)

TransTrans--

boundarboundar

yy

managemanage

mentment

GovernGovern

mentment--

delegatedelegate

dd

managemanage

mentment

(e.g. to(e.g. to

an NGO)an NGO)

Local/Local/

municipmunicip

alal

ministryministry

oror

agencyagency

inin

changechange

FederaFedera

l orl or

nationnation

alal

ministrministr

y ory or

agencyagency

D. Indigenous Peoples &D. Indigenous Peoples &

Community GovernanceCommunity Governance

C. PrivateC. Private


B. Shared GovernanceB. Shared GovernanceA. Governance byA. Governance by

GovernmentGovernment


typetype

CategoryCategory

((managmanag..

objective)objective)

shared go ernanceshared governance


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shared governanceshared governance(co(co--management)management)

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1 9 1 9


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how are power, authority

and responsibility actuallyshared?

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Sharing power in decision-making about natural


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Sharing power in decision making about naturalresources : a continuum

(authority, responsibility and accountability)

Full control byFull control by

local actorslocal actors

Type C & DType C & D

Shared control byShared control by

agency in chargeagency in charge

and local actorsand local actorsType BType B


governmentalgovernmental

agencyagencyType AType A

recognising/recognising/

transferringtransferringauthority andauthority and

responsibilityresponsibility

sharing authoritysharing authority

& responsibility& responsibilityin a formal wayin a formal way

(e.g., via seats in(e.g., via seats in

aa governancegovernance

body)body)

negotiatingnegotiating

specificspecificagreementsagreements

consulting &consulting &

seeking consensusseeking consensus(at times via(at times via

benefit sharing)benefit sharing)

enforcingenforcing

rules &rules &repressingrepressing

violationsviolations

from the point of view of a governmental agency



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and local actorsand local actors

Type BType B



agencyagency

Type AType A

Conserving ortaking on full

managementauthority &

responsibilityand remaining

staunchly

independent

Asking for thesupport of some

partners(e.g., technical

or financialsupport) but

controlling all its

conditions

Negotiating agreementsand contracts to share

formally or informally themanagement authority

and responsibility

Lettingthe

governmenttake mostdecisions

Losing allcontrol on

land andresources

from the point of view of local actors(e.g., a local community)

g p gresources : a continuum




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and local actorsand local actorsType BType B



agencyagencyType AType A

from the point of view of a supporting NGO

Letting the

local actors

deal with thatalone!

Proposing various

forms of support

but letting thelocal actors chosewhat they need

Facilitating the

negotiation of

specificmanagement

agreements amonggov. agencies and

local actors

Supporting the

government to

communicatewith localactors andachieve theirsupport

Letting the

government

deal withthat alone!

g p gresources : a continuum


I it h dI it h d


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Is it sharedIs it shared

governance/ cogovernance/ co--management?management?

Phases of a co-management process


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Phases of a co management process

I. Preparing

II. Negotiating

the management agreement

and governance bodies

III. Implementing

and revising the agreement

(learning-by-doing)

Start-up Team

Social communicationOrganising of IPs andcommunitiesAgreeing on negotiationprocedures

Situation analysisPatrimonial visionStrategyFacilitation, conflictmanagementtowards AGREEMENT (e.g.

management plan + sharingfunctions, rights andresponsibilities +complementary accords +resources)Setting up the

GOVERNANCE BODIES

Implement, enforce, clarifyAction researchMonitoring and evaluationImproving as learningproceeds

"" coco--managementmanagement


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The ICCA

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2. Dr Grazia SOC TRANG Gbf Presentation

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Transcript of 2. Dr Grazia SOC TRANG Gbf Presentation