168. LOS NUEVOS SUJETOS: EDUCACION Y ESCUELA EN EL SIGLO XXI

7/31/2019 168. LOS NUEVOS SUJETOS: EDUCACION Y ESCUELA EN EL SIGLO XXI

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]THDYC] R D]YTIBFNYD] IDL ]BELC WWB

MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]6

LC] NTDZC] ]THDYC] VTD F[_DNIDN

DN LF] D]MTDLF] IDL ]BELC WWB[_CJ. I_. HC_ED DITF_IC NC_C

ncrchcrKmfoldndy.mca.fr

;6. [F_F VTD LF D]MTDLF3 Tnc d} dn idjbnbybzf dl ditmficr id }b ab}ac, f vtd f lf lfref mfif tnc }d ybdnd vtd gfmdr}dmfrec id }t zbif. F{rdnidac} f zbzbr lf lybac vtd f{rdnidac} d} acrbrnc}. [cr d}c ycifditmfmbcn d} ftyc!ditmfmbn...

Lc} {fird} lf jfablbf f}tadn lf rd}{cn}foblbifi bnbmbfl idldefn dn lf d}mtdlf lf yfrdf id ditmfr,id mca{ldyfr c mca{ldadnyfr lf ditmfmbn.

Dn lf d}mtdlf c dn lf ditmfmbn jcrafl mcnjltdn bnydrd}d}8 id lc} bnibzbitc} idodn bnmcr{crfr}d f

lf }cmbdifi, id lf jfablbf vtd {rdydnidn f}detrfr dl {rd}dnyd dl jtytrc id }t} gbhc}, id lf }cmbdifi! d}yfic vtd }d mcn}yrtd }d }c}ybdnd f yrfz} id lf ditmfmbn id }t} mbtififnc}.

Vt }d gfmd dn lf d}mtdlf3 [frf vt zfac} f lf d}mtdlf3 Ditmficrd} icmdnyd} }d dnmtdnyrfnmcn d}ytibfnyd} fltanc} id ibzdr}f} difid} 'nbzdld} c mbmlc}" mcnzcmfic} {cr lf mtlytrf dlmcncmbabdnyc, lc} zflcrd} id lf mcatnbifi, dl {fyrbacnbc mtlytrfl. Nc }d dnmtdnyrfn {crvtd d} tnmlto id fabec}, tn lbnic ltefr c tnf jcraf id {f}fr dl ybda{c. Ycic d}yc idjbnd lc vtd gfmdn fllmfif tnc id lc} fmycrd}0 lc vtd gfmdn c lc vtd idodrfn gfmdr.

Lc} icmdnyd} d}yn {frf dn}dfr, }den tn ib}dc mtrrbmtlfr c tn {lfn id d}ytibc} vtd }den }td}{dmbflbifi ld {rd}mrbod vt idod dn}dfr. Lf ditmfmbn id lc} fltanc} d} lf }taf id lf}

rd}{cn}foblbifid} vtd mca{frydn }batlyndf d}mflcnfifadnyd ycic} mfif tnc id lc}ditmficrd}.

Fvt gf tnf erfn rd}{cn}foblbifi, {crvtd }b nc }d dn}df, c nc }d f{rczdmgf dl ybda{c c nc }d lcgfmd ycic mcn dl rbecr bnibmfic, gf flec ba{cryfnyd vtd vtdifr dn dl mfabnc, vtd nc }d {tdidrdmt{drfr.

[drc fida} lc} icmdnyd} d}yn {frf vtd lc} fltanc} f{rdnifn, {frf id}{dryfr dn ycic}, ycic}lc} if} dn ycif} lf} gcrf}, lc} f{rdnibxfhd}. D} tn bidfl vtd nc }bda{rd }d {tdid mta{lbr. [drc}bda{rd gf vtd bnydnyfrlc.
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MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]?

[cr }t {fryd lc} fltanc} zfn f lf d}mtdlf {frf f{rdnidr, {frf rdmbobr, {rcmd}fr, mcn}yrtbr,}b}ydafybxfr dl mcncmbabdnyc lf mtlytrf, {frf dhdrmbyfr {rcmdibabdnyc}, {frf flmfnxfr fmrdibyfr}fodrd} }benbjbmfybzc} ndmd}frbc}.

F{rdnidr nc lc ab}ac vtd f}b}ybr, fydnidr, d}ytibfr c xfjfr8 }benbjbmf f{rc{bfr}d id afndrf

d}yfold id idydrabnfic} }fodrd}, d ba{lbmf }bda{rd flen erfic id idibmfmbn id d}jtdrxc.

[frf d}c }d ndmd}byf tn mlbaf id atytf mcc{drfmbn rd}{dyc, d}{dmbfladnyd rd}{dyfr lf}jtnmbcnd} vtd mfif tnc ybdnd vtd id}da{dfr, {crvtd nc }d {tdid dn}dfr nb f{rdnidr dnmcnibmbcnd} id}jfzcrfold}8 id}cridn, rtbic}, bnydrrt{mbcnd}, aczbabdnyc} bnndmd}frbc}.

]b ycic} gfmdn }dnmbllfadnyd lc vtd ybdndn vtd gfmdr }detrfadnyd lc} rd}tlyfic} {dr}cnfld} }cmbfld} }drn atmgc adhcrd}. Yfl zdx rdmcrifrlc dnyrd ycic}, {drabyf }detbr gfmbniclc c mcadnxfrf mfabnfr dn d}f ibrdmmbn.

;?. LC] MFAOBC] VTD ZBZBAC] Nfibd {tdid ib}mtybr lc} mfaobc} vtd }d gfn {rcitmbic }d {rcitmdn dn ycrnc ntd}yrc8 dl atnicd} ibjdrdnyd mfif if dl ybda{c {frdmd fmdldrfr}d.

Ftnvtd lc} zflcrd}, lc} {rbnmb{bc} acrfld} rdlbebc}c}, lf} mcnzbmmbcnd} {tdifn afnydndr }tzbednmbf, dn lc} gdmgc} lf} {rmybmf} idatd}yrfn tn }bnnadrc id itif}, bnmdrybitaord}, jflyf idmdrydxf}, bn}detrbifid}.

Lf }lbif acidrnbifi dn lf vtd atmgc} mrdmbac} gf }bic id}{lfxfif {cr lf lbvtbidx id lc}ybda{c} vtd mcrrdn8 ycic lc }lbic }d id}zfndmd dn fbrd nc }fodac} mac f{rd}frlc.

F {d}fr id lc} d}jtdrxc}, lf ditmfmbn jcrafl d}mclfr zbzd }bytfmbcnd} id mrb}b} vtd nc {frdmdrd}clzdr}d mcn dl nc}ylebmc rderd}c f lc} otdnc} ybda{c} zbzbic} dn dl {f}fic. R nc }d {tdidrderd}fr {crvtd d}d {f}fic f nc d}y, {crvtd rderd}fr }benbjbmf yfaobn f lc} rf}ec} ndefybzc} idl{f}fic , yfaobn, {crvtd lc} fitlyc} id fvtdl {f}fic gfn atdryc idjbnbybzfadnyd8 gc nc }lc d}{rcoldaybmc gfolfr f c gfolfr mcn tn ert{c id nbc} c ficld}mdnyd}, }bnc yfaobn mcn tn ert{c idfitlyc} '{fird}, icmdnyd}, ibrdmybzc}, mbtififnc}, dym"

Dn lc} ofnmc} id ntd}yrf} ftlf}, dn lf} efldrf} id ntd}yrf} d}mtdlf} }d }bdnyfn fltanc},d}ytibfnyd} }thdyc} vtd {drydndmdn f lf} ntdzf} edndrfmbcnd}. R lc} mfaobc} edndrfmbcnd} }d{rcitmdn id jcraf fmdldrfif.

Lf} jfablbf} id lc} fltanc} nc ybdndn lf d}yrtmytrf idl {f}fic lc} {fird} vtd {frybmb{fn id lf}rdtnbcnd} nc }bda{rd ybdndn dl {drjbl id fitlyc} vtd d}{drfac} id}da{dfn dl rcl vtd ld}mcrrd}{cnid.

Lf }cmbdifi }betd {rcmlfafnic dl zflcr id lf ditmfmbn 'mcac }b gtobdrf tnf mbnyf vtddydrnfadnyd }d rd{byd f } ab}af" {drc dn lc} gdmgc}, lf id}{rcyded jrdmtdnydadnyd lf bencrf.

Lc} icmdnyd}, nc}cyrc} lc} icmdnyd}, nc }cac} lc} id fnyd}8 mca{frybac} lf} idoblbifid} id d}ydybda{c, ndecmbfac} ntd}yrf} jrfeblbifid} jrdmtdnydadnyd d}mf{fac} f lc} mca{rcab}c}. D}zdrifi vtd atmgf} zdmd} a} id lc vtd {cidac}, {drc yfaobn d} mbdryc vtd ycic lc vtd }tmdidnc} id}ocrif abdnyrf} nfzdefac} dn tn afr yda{d}ytc}c, abrfac} mcn ydacr lf ofrmf dn lf vtdftn d}yfac} id}{lfxnicnc}.


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MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]=

Gfolfrdac} id ycic d}yc vtd nc} {f}f {frf f{cryfr fletnc} mca{rcab}c} vtd {tdifnidzclzdrnc} afcr }detrbifi ifrld f lf} bn}ybytmbcnd} afcr mcn}b}ydnmbf. Mtrbc}fadnyd nc ifrdac} rdmdyf}, {crvtd ifr rdmdyf}, jrf}d} id ftycftif icmdnyd, tnf d}{dmbdid idlbodr ditmfybzc dwb}ydnmbfl d} adnc}{rdmbfrlc, ydndrlc} dn adnc}8 tn otdn icmdnyd 't}ydid}lc }cn, }bnc, nc lc} gtobdrfn mcnzcmfic id}id lf ibrdmmbn id d}yf bn}ybytmbn" {bdn}f, fa{lf }t}

mcncmbabdnyc}, ybdnd bnjcrafmbn d}yrfyebmf id}id fll idmbid, dzfltfnic }bytfmbcnd} mcnydwyc}.D} {rdjdrbold ydndr ICMDNYD] MCN M_BYD_BC R MCN MF[FMBIFI ID F[_DNID_ id ycic} id ycic, nc ICMDNYD] MCN _DMDYF] c flbadnyfic} mcn mcabif mgfyfrrf {difeebmf!ibimybmf 'gfidaf}bfic dn lc} AM ICNFLI id lf} dibycrbfld}, lc} lborc}, lc} abnb}ydrbc}, lf} mf{fmbyfmbcnd} lf}mfrrdrf} id jcrafmbn icmdnyd. ]cn t}ydid} lc} vtd idodn yrfxfr lc} af{f}, mfrefr lc} E[] {frf{rc}detbr dl mfabnc, mcn fletnf bnjcrafmbn }t{ldadnyfrbf.

Nc mdrrdac} lc} cic} c lf mca{rdn}bn {dn}fnic vtd f nc}cyrc} nc nc} {f}f Ftnvtd fletnc}ydaf} nc }dfn d}{dmjbmc} idl nbzdl dn dl vtd yrfofhfn 'gf atmgf ibjdrdnmbf id difi dnyrd tn nbcid 9 4 fc} tn {rdficld}mdnyd id 6= c 69 fc}", gfefac} dl d}jtdrxc {cr yrfitmbrlc} f lf}bytfmbn vtd zbzdn. Tnc mrdd vtd d}f d} tnf dnjdradifi id lc} cyrc} c tn rdadibc {frf nc

ndmd}byfac}, gf}yf vtd }d if mtdnyf idl {fidmbabdnyc, }bdnyd lc} ab}ac} bnibmbc} c lc} ab}ac}iclcrd}. . D} {rdjdrbold fnybmb{fr lc} }nycaf} f id}{dryfr tn if c tnf ncmgd, mcac Erdecrbc ]fl}fdn lf Adyfacrjc}b} id @fj`f mcn lf yrfn}jcrafmbn id ntd}yrf rdflbifi.

Ycic lc vtd ibefac} dn lf {rbadrf {fryd 'fnyd} id lf {ft}f" }cord lc} ntdzc} }thdyc} idodmcnzdrybr}d dn yfrdf {frf dl id}frrcllc id lf }detnif {fryd8 lc} ntdzc} }thdyc} vtd dn}dfn.

;=. MFAOBC] EDND_FMBCNFLD]'6" Nc gf vtd gfmdr atmgc d}jtdrxc {frf id}mtorbr vtd zbzbac} rcidfic} nc }lc {cr tnf ntdzfedndrfmbn, }bnc {cr tnf }drbd id ntdzf} edndrfmbcnd}. Ftn lc} icmdnyd} af} hzdnd} vtd rdmbn

}d bnbmbfn dn dl yrfofhc ditmfybzc, }d }fodn edndrfmbcnfladnyd ib}ybnyc} ' }d{frfic}" id lc} mcldef}mcn edndrc}f dw{drbdnmbf, {drc }d }bdnydn atmgc a} ib}yfnyd} id lf} edndrfmbcnd} {c}ydrbcrd}. Gftn atnic vtd lc} }d{frf id lc} vtd rdmbn }d bnbmbfn dn dl nbzdl }t{drbcr, c d}yn d}ytibfnic dn dl}dmtnifrbc c yrfn}byfn {cr lf d}mtdlf edndrfl o}bmf.

'?" Dn dl {f}fic yfaobn gfof mfaobc} edndrfmbcnfld}8 f lf edndrfmbn fitlyf 'lf vtd cmt{foflc} }bybc} mlfzd} id lf }cmbdifi f}taf lf ycyflbifi id lf} rd}{cn}foblbifid}" ld }tmdif cyrfedndrfmbn. [drc ycic} yfnyc lc} fitlyc} mcac lc} hzdnd} mcn}bidrfofn vtd lf }d{frfmbn drfyrfn}bycrbf, tnf mtd}ybn id ybda{c id difi, vtd {rcerd}bzfadnyd lc} ntdzc}, lc} rdmbn lldefic}f lf }cmbdifi }d bnmcr{crfrfn }bn mcnjlbmyc fl atnic fitlyc.

'=" Lf} ordmgf} edndrfmbcnfld} jtnmbcnfofn mcac {f}c} ndmd}frbc} vtd mcnyrbotfn f ibnfabxfr lfmtlytrf, lf} mc}ytaord}, dl yb{c id zbif. Lc} rdmfaobc} edndrfmbcnfld} f}detrfofn lf mcnybntbifi idlf gb}ycrbf id tnf mcatnbifi. Lc} hzdnd} abrfofn f lc} fitlyc} mcac dl jtytrc d}{drfic, }yc} a} fll id lc} mcnjlbmyc} vtd {tibdrfn dwb}ybr }fofn vtd dl id}ybnc id ycic} dllc} drfnbnmcr{crfr}d fl tnbzdr}c id lf afitrdx8 mca{frybr mrbydrbc}, bidf}, zflcrd}, mc}ytaord} et}yc} id lfedndrfmbn vtd ecodrnfof lf }cmbdifi. [cr dhda{lc8 lc} et}yc} at}bmfld} id lc} hzdnd} c lf jcrafid zd}ybr}d {cif ydndr tnf lbodryfi tn fyrdzbabdnyc vtd }d id}zfndmf mcn dl ybda{c. [cifnba{crytnfr f lc} afcrd}, {drc }fofn vtd jbnfladnyd lf c}fif id}f{frdmf }d zclzdrfnncrafld}.

'9" Gfof fletnf} jrf}d} vtd dw{rd}fofn d}yf} bidf}8 Rf }d yd zf f {f}fr, Rf }d zfn f ifr mtdnyf zfn f mca{rdnidr. Lf }cmbdifi ba{cnf labyd} vtd lf bnadn}f afcrf rd}{dyfof, {crvtd drf lfnbmf afndrf }d afnydndr}d dn lf mcatnbifi. Gfof tn mibec ymbyc, tn afnifyc ba{lmbyc vtd


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gfof vtd rd}{dyfr. Dl afyrbacnbc, lf jcrafmbn id lf jfablbf, lc} d}ytibc} }t{drbcrd}, dl atniclfocrfl mtrfof d}f dnjdradifi edndrfmbcnfl yrfn}bycrbf lc} mcnzdryf dn gcaord} athdrd}fitlyc}. Ycic} rdmcrifofn mcac ifyc} idl {f}fic lf} yrfzd}trf}, lcmtrf} c {dmfic} id htzdnyti,}bytfmbcnd} vtd }d mcn}bidrfofn ba{rc{bf} id lf afitrdx.

'4" Ycic d}yc {frf obdn c {frf afl d} lc vtd gf mfaobfic. Lf} ntdzf} edndrfmbcnd} nc }cndyf{f} c acadnyc}, }bnc idjbnbmbcnd} id tnf jcraf id zbif vtd lldef {frf vtdifr}d. Lc} fitlyc}ab}ac} vtbdrdn mcn}drzfr fletnf} mc}ytaord}, et}yc} c mrbydrbc} id }t htzdnyti. Lc} mrdmbabdnyc},dl {f}c id lc} fc} nc }benbjbmf fofnicnfr dl {f}fic, }bnc lldzr}dlc mcn tnc mcn lc} mca{fdrc}id edndrfmbn. Nc gf ordmgf yrfn}bycrbf, }bnc mc{bf idjbnbybzf. R lc} fitlyc} nc }d }bdnydn yfn}detrc}, yfn }lbic}, yfn jdlbmd} dn dl atnic fitlyc }tdldn f}cafr}d mcn dnzbibf f d}d cyrc atnic

hczdn, dn atmgf} mf}c} mcn dl idlbodrfic {rc{}byc id bnmcr{crfr}d f l.

':" ]lc }d yrfyf id rdeb}yrfr lc vtd }d zd dn lf} mflld}, dn lf ncmgd, dn lf} jbd}yf}, dn lf} jfablbf}, dnlf} d}mtdlf}. Lf rc{f, dl mfodllc, lc} frrdelc} {dr}cnfld}, lf} {rdjdrdnmbf} at}bmfld}, lf} rdlfmbcnd}ert{fld}, lf} jcraf} idl facr, lf} ldmytrf}, lc} gcrfrbc}, lc} znmtlc} mcn {fird} lf jfablbf, lf

rdlfmbn mcn lf d}mtdlf, lf} colbefmbcnd} dl yrfofhc, dym. Gf jcraf} vtd nc} id}mcnmbdryfn, nc}}cr{rdnidn, nc} id}tobmfn c nc} jf}ybibfn. D} dl mf}c id tn {fird vtd nc lcerf dnydnidr f }t gbhc,tnf afird vtd ib}mtyd {drafndnydadnyd mcn }t gbhf, tn ibrdmycr vtd yrfyf id llfafr lf fydnmbn idtn ficld}mdnyd, id tnf afd}yrf vtd mcrrbed f tnc id lc} fltanc}, id fitlyc} vtd }d acld}yfn {cr lfmcnitmyf id }t} zdmbnc} a} hzdnd}, id {dfycnd} vtd co}drzfn mcn {rdcmt{fmbn lf {rd}dnmbf idlc} mgbmc} id lf} mgbmf} dn fletnf} d}vtbnf}, id mcnitmycrd} vtd mcnidnfn dl xbexfetdfnydid}{lfxfr}d id acyc} obmbmldyf} {cr mflld} fzdnbif}. Nc }cn mtd}ybcnd} vtd gf vtd }flbr f ot}mfr,}bnc vtd {cr dl mcnyrfrbc nc} }fldn mcybibfnfadnyd fl dnmtdnyrc.

'5" Lc} }cmblcec} vtd mlf}bjbmfn lf} ntdzf} edndrfmbcnd} gfn {rc{td}yc} ibzdr}c} ncaord}8EDND_FMBCN W '62:9 !62:7" EDND_FMBCN R '625; 627;" ! EDND_FMBCN CIB]DC C [DYD_ [FN

'6254 622;" EDND_FMBCN UB 'NC]CY_C]" '622; ?;;;" EDND_FMBCN ABLDNBC '6274 ?;;;" Lf edndrfmbn NDY 'N" '?;;; ?;6;"

'7" Lc} }thdyc} vtd }d ditmfn dn ntd}yrc} if} 'dn ycic} nbzdld}, ftnvtd mcn bnydn}bifi mfrfmydrd} ibzdr}c}" ybdndn cyrf jcraf id }dr8 dn dl afndhc idl ybda{c, dn lf f{rc{bfmbn id lc}d}{fmbc}, dn dl t}c idl ldnetfhd, dn lf mcn}yrtmmbn id mibec}, dn lc} {rbnmb{bc} acrfld} vtd lc}crbdnyfn, dn lf idjbnbmbn id }t} bidfld}, dn lf d}mflf id zflcrd}, dn lf f{rc{bfmbn idl mcncmbabdnyc,dn dl mcnyfmyc mcn lf} ntdzf} ydmnclcef}, dn lf mcnmd{mbn id lf ftycrbifi idl rd}{dyc, dn lf}rdlfmbcnd} bnydr!}tohdybzf} fjdmybzf}, dn lc} znmtlc} jfablbfrd}, dn lf abrfif }cord dl atnic }tjtytrc elcofl, dn dl afndhc id lf bnydlbednmbf lf zcltnyfi, dn lf dldmmbn id }t} acidlc}, dn }t}mcnmd{mbcnd} rdlbebc}f}, dn lf dnyrdef fl {lfmdr f ib}jrtyd id lf zbif.

'2" Nc }d yrfyf }lc id tn vtbdord edndrfmbcnfl, lc vtd }drf fo}cltyfadnyd lebmc, }bnc id lfmcn}yrtmmbn id tn d}yblc vtd nc {rdydnid mcnyrf{cndr}d edndrfmbcnfladnyd f lc} fitlyc}, }bncid}{lfxfrlc} c bencrfrlc}. Dn dl {f}fic, lc} hzdnd} dwgbofn }t} mrbydrbc} idafnif}, ltmgfofn dnjrdnyfofn f lc} {fird}, f lc} icmdnyd}, f lf} ftycrbifid} {crvtd }t{cnfn vtd gfof {rbnmb{bc} crfxcnd} {cr ib}mtybr. Fvt, gf rt{ytrf8 }d yrfyf id ibzdr}bifi id {lfnc}, id bidf} ib}mtr}c}mcn}yrtbic} dn mibec} bnmca{fybold}. [cr d}c {cidac} gfolfr id bnibjdrdnmbf, id fntlfmbn idlidofyd, id mcn}yrtmmbn {frfldlf. Nbc} hzdnd} id gc {frdmdn idmbr8 Nc ad ba{cryf mtld} }cnyt} mrbydrbc}, yt} zflcrd}, yt} acidlc}, yt} {rbcrbifid}, }t} bidfld}. Mcac }cn ytc}, {frf a d}y ycic

obdn. Dl ydaf d} vtd nc}cyrc} ydndac} lc} ntd}yrc}.

'6;"Dn dl {rd}dnyd, lf} edndrfmbcnd} mcnmtrrdn f lf d}mtdlf cmt{fn dl ltefr dn dl ftlf {cryfnic dn}t} acmgblf}, dn }t} mfr{dyf} }cord ycic dn }t bnydrbcr '}tohdybzfic" tn atnic ib}ybnyc, tn


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ldnetfhd ibzdr}c. R }d dnmtdnyrfn mcn lf} {frdid}, lc} ofnmc}, lc} {bxfrrcnd} id lf} d}mtdlf}, flec f lcvtd nc d}yn gfobytfic} vtd ld} mtd}yf }c{cryfr. [drc, fida} idl d}{fmbc idl ybda{c 'dl ftlf d}tnf {dvtdf {rb}bn dl ybda{c }d gfmd at lfrec", }cn lc} icmdnyd} lc} vtd {frdmdn dadredr id}idcyrc atnic, idl {f}fic. Ybdndn tn ldnetfhd, tnf jcraf id }dr, {rc{td}yf} dwbednmbf} vtd lc}f}dadhf jrdmtdnydadnyd f }t} {fird}, {drc fida} {rc{cndn mcnydnbic}, ydaf}, mtd}ybcnd} vtd

dn nfif jcrafn {fryd id lc} bnydrd}d} id vtbdnd} mcnmtrrdn. [tdid {f}fr vtd ycic dl {rcmd}c idd}ytibc id f{rdnibxfhd }d mcnzbdryf dn tn yrabyd vtd gf vtd rd}{dyfr mta{lbr, {drc vtd dnacic fletnc }d mcnzbdryd dn tn }fodr rdvtdrbic d bnmcr{crfic. Id fletnf afndrf }d {tdidmcnzdrybr dn tnf }batlfmbn, tnf mcn}yrtmmbn id jbmmbn dn lf vtd lc} vtd dn}dfn }fodn vtd lc} vtdf{rdnidn lc gfmdn }ba{ldadnyd {crvtd d} }t colbefmbn, ftnvtd nc mcn}bidrdn lf} {rc{td}yf} nbzflbc}f}, nb ndmd}frbf}.

'66"Yfl zdx lf d}mtdlf idodrf rdmcn}bidrfr nc }lc }t} mcnydnbic} 'ib}dc} mtrrbmtlfrd}" }bnc }cordycic lc} dnycrnc} id dn}dfnxf f{rdnibxfhd, }t adyciclcef. aFtnvtd }bda{rd jtd f}, fgcrfycafac} af} mcnmbdnmbf id lc vtd nc} }tmdid, {crvtd rdmcncmdac} dl zflcr lc} labyd} id ntd}yrf{rd}dnmbf fmmbn ditmfybzf. '6" Lf adrf dn}dfnxf nc {rcitmd f{rdnibxfhd}, mcac yfa{cmc

{rcitmd tn rocl lf fmmbn id {lfnyfrlc. Dl f{rdnibxfhd dl id}frrcllc ybdndn ltefr bnydrbcradnyd, nc}d ld} {tdid jcrxfr8 lc nbmc vtd }d {tdid gfmdr d} ftifr f vtd }d {rcitxmfn a} jmbl dmcnabmfadnyd, {drc nc }d {tdid mcn}detbr vtd ydnefn ltefr8 tn icmdnyd nc {tdid lcerfr vtd dlfltanc f}babld ntdzc} mcncmbabdnyc} gfoblbifid}, }lc mcn }t {flforf }t bnydrzdnmbn. '?" Idfletnf afndrf nc} d}yn ibmbdnic8 vtbdrc coydndr {fryd idl mcncmbabdnyc, lf mf{fmbifi c lf}

mtflbifid} vtd ybdnd} yd zc f mdidr yda{crfladnyd lf rd}{cn}foblbifi id idmbibr vt ydnec vtdd}ytibfr, inid, mtnic, mac, mcn vt jrdmtdnmbf dn vt cridn gfmdrlc, {crvtd mcnjc dn vtd idd}yf afndrf f{rdnidr adhcr. D}yf d} lf nfytrfldxf idl mcnyrfyc id dn}dfnxf! f{rdnibxfhd mtfnicdl fltanc lc fmd{yf zcltnyfrbfadnyd. Lf ditmfmbn d} tn d}yfic {rczb}bcnfl vtd ybdnd mcac cohdycgfmdr vtd dl }thdyc }d ztdlzf ftyc}tjbmbdnyd. 'MLFWYCN, 6275"

;9. NTDZF] MC]YTAO_D] ID LC] NTDZC] ]THDYC]Atmgf} id lf} {rmybmf} }d gfn nfytrflbxfic f mf}b nc nc} llfafn lf fydnmbn, {drc gf fletnf} vtd{tdid {frdmdrnc} ftn llfafybzf}. [cr dhda{lc lc} YFYTFHD] lf} Y_BOT]. Faof} {rmybmf} rdabydn ftn {f}fic mf}b {rbabybzc }bn daofrec d}yn f}cmbfic} f lf} edndrfmbcnd} idl jtytrc.

'6" Lf} Y_BOT] T_OFNF] lldefrcn {frf bn}yflfr}d dn ibzdr}c} ydrrbycrbc} {rd}yfrld} tnf ib}mtybifbidnybifi {drydndnmbf f ert{c} id {rdficld}mdnyd} ficld}mdnyd} vtd ndmd}byfofn }t{drfr }tfb}lfabdnyc fncabf. Lf mcn}yrtmmbn id tn rdlfyc, id tnf zdr}bn id lf rdflbifi, lf figd}bn fidydrabnfic} rdjdrdnyd}, ert{c} at}bmfld}, d}yybmf mcr{crfl, mclcrd} zd}ybadnyf ydrabnfn{rcitmbdnic tnf bidnybifi frybjbmbfl tnf jcryfldxf vtd }d flbadnyf id adn}fhd}, mcn}benf},dnmtdnyrc} acic id {rd}dnyfr}d. Lf f{frbmbn id}f{frbmbn d} bnydn}f jtefx, lf ab}afjtefmbifi vtd mfrfmydrbxf f lf zbif mcnyda{crndf.


6/15


MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]:

'?" Dn lf zbif gf {dr}cnf}, gdmgc}, }bytfmbcnd}, iclcrd} vtd nc} idhfn AF_MF]. ]cn lf} vtd nc}idhfn rf}yrc} }bn vtd lc {cifac} dzbyfr. Afrmf} bnydrbcrd} afrmf} dwydrbcrd}. Zbcldnmbf rdfl czbcldnmbf }baolbmf. Fletbdn vtd {f}f id fletnf afndrf {cr }cord ntd}yrc} mtdr{c} mcn fletnfjcraf id ferd}bn vtd idhfn }dfld} dn dl flaf c dn dl mfrmydr id mfif tnc. [drc yfaobnydndac} GTDLLF] vtd }cn lc} rd}yc} zflbc}c} idl {f}fic vtd gfn vtdific }tohdybzfic}, idnyrc

ntd}yrc. Fmd{yfac} vtd d}yn, vtdrdac} vtd d}yn. Lc} mcn}drzfac}, }fodac} vtd nc}mcn}ybytdn. Lc} YFYTFHD] }cn afrmf} vtd {rdydnidn. Zbzbac} dn tnf }cmbdifi icnid dl mtlyc flmtdr{c d}y f lf cridn idl if. Tn atnic icnid lf f{frbdnmbf lc d} ycic, bnzbrybnic}d mfif zdx a}ybda{c ibndrc dn lf rdflbxfmbn id {rmybmf} vtd {drabyfn tnf adhcrf id ntd}yrc f}{dmyc. [crncraf edndrfl, dl yfytfhd d} mcn}bidrfic tn dldadnyc idmcrfybzc a}, mca{frfold f mtflvtbdrfmmd}crbc mcn dl vtd ibfrbfadnyd ficrnfac} ntd}yrc mtdr{c.6 [drc yfaobn d} tnf AF_MF vtdltmgf mcnyrf lf jltbidx dl {f}c fmdldrfic idl ybda{c. [drc yfaobn, }betbdnic lf fnflcef, }b lfzdlcmbifi nc afrmf, }b nfif }d {tdid bn}ybytbr, }b lf} bn}ybytmbcnd} drfn lf} c{drfmbcnd} vtd {crdwmdldnmbf idhfof gtdllf}, d} ndmd}frbc gfmdr}d tnf afrmf dn tn ab}ac, dn lf d{bidrab}, dn lc a}dwydrbcr id nc}cyrc}, {crvtd flec c fletbdn rdfl c }baolbmc vtdif idydnbic jrdnyd fl ycrodllbnc id lfzdlcmbifi idl clzbic.

';=" [drc fida}, dn ntd}yrf mtlytrf trofnf, lf ncmgd d} {fyrbacnbc id lc} ficld}mdnyd} mfif zdxa} id lc} {rdficld}mdnyd} c nbc} vtd bnydnyfn {frdmdr afcrd}. Dllc} }cn }t} itdc}, }t}{rcyfecnb}yf}. Ib}{cndn id dllf lf ecobdrnfn, lf zbzdn, lf ib}jrtyfn, lf id}ocrifn.

';9" [frf vtbdnd} ndmd}byfn ib}jrtyfr id tnf dw{drbdnmbf ib}ybnyf idl atnic, lf ncmgd d} dld}mdnfrbc bidfl. Lf mcnjbetrfn f }t adibif} lf dwybdnidn mcn lf {rdzbf 'dl ybda{c id fabec} odobif}" dl id}{t} 'tn idacrfic rderd}c f lf rdflbifi, f lf ltx idl if f lf {rc{bf mf}f".

';4"Lc} ficld}mdnyd} dnmtdnyrfn dn lf ncmgd dl rdjtebc dn dl vtd mfllfn lf} {rd}bcnd}, lf} idafnif},lf} mrybmf} id lf abrfif fitlyf lc} mca{rcab}c} ibtrnc}. Dn lf ncmgd f{frdmdn cyrc} fitlyc}, lc}

vtd nc mca{frydn lc} mibec} ibtrnc}, }bnc vtd mcn}yrtdn dl d}mdnfrbc ndmd}frbc {frf lc} mibec}id lf ncmytrnbifi 'a} fll id lf} rfxcnd} id mcn}tac efnfnmbf vtd fmca{ffn d}yf} {rc{td}yf} vtd jtnmbcnf mcac tnf mca{dydnmbf id}ldfl mcnyrf lf ncraflbifi lf} colbefmbcnd} id lf zbif rdfl".Lf ncmgd d} tn rd}{brc dn dl vtd }bdnydn d}yfr f }flzc idl atnic fitlyc. Lf aczbif id lf ncmgd

}d mcnzbdryd dn dl d}mdnfrbc icnid {cndn f {rtdof mcnvtb}yf}, dwyrfzc}, ba{tl}c}.

':" [drc lc} ficld}mdnyd} gfobyfn lf ncmgd nc }clfadnyd f yrfz} idl id}dnjrdnc lf id}ad}trf.Lf} cyrf} ncmgd}, lf} ncmgd} id lf }dafnf }d frafn o}bmfadnyd dn lf {rc{bf gfobyfmbn, dn ycrnc flf mcndwbn ibebyfl c zbrytfl. Ydldzb}bn, Mgfy, Jfmdocc`, jcyclce}, adn}fhd} cyrf} ntdzf} zfrbfnyd}edndrfn d}{fmbc} id dnmtdnyrc dn lc} vtd {f}fn gcrf}. _dyrfic} dn }t} rditmyc}, }d mcndmyfn nfzdefn }bn labyd id ybda{c, gf}yf flyf} gcrf} id lf ncmgd c gf}yf lf afirtefif, ftn mtfnic

ydnefn colbefmbcnd} fl if }betbdnyd. Dn lf} ncmgd} idl jbn id }dafnf, lf jb}cncaf id lc} dnmtdnyrc}}tdld }dr cyrf. Fll lf zbrytflbifi idhf {f}c f cyrc yb{c id rdflbifi, ib}dfif {cr fitlyc} {drc {frf

6Lf {dlmtlf ADADNYC 'Mgrb}yc{gdr Nclfni ?;;;" rdjldhf d}yf }bytfmbn8 dl {rcyfecnb}yf Ldcnfri ]dldob 'Et

[dfrmd" d} tn bnzd}ybeficr id }detrc} fvtdhfic id tnf dwyrff dnjdradifi, d} bnmf{fx id rdmcrifr }tmd}c}rdmbdnyd}. Mtfnic lf} {rtdof} ld }dflfn mcac {c}bold ftycr afydrbfl id lf atdryd id }t d}{c}f, mcnzbdryd }tmtdr{c dn ba{rczb}fic lbdnxc dn dl vtd yfytfr {flforf} jrf}d}, vtd tnbic f lf} baednd} ycafif} mcn }t{clfrcbi, }d zfn f mcnzdrybr dn {bdxf} id tn bnyrbnmfic rca{dmfodxf}, mtf }cltmbn {drabybr lf }flzfmbn id }t{rcyfecnb}yf. Dn cyrf {dlmtlf8 [_CAD]F IDL D]YD dl {rcyfecnb}yf 'Zbeec Acrydn}dn" ybdnd 9= yfytfhd} dn }tmtdr{c Lc} yfytfhd} fmyfn mcac tnf adyjcrf }cord lf ndmd}bifi id gfmdr dw{lmbyf lf gb}ycrbf vtd gf zbzbic.Ycic gcaord ybdnd vtd ac}yrfr dn }t mtdr{c dn }t} yfytfhd} lf gb}ycrbf vtd gf ydnbic. Nc }brzdn lf} {flforf},}bnc lc} yd}ybacnbc bnidldold}. [frf lc} htic} id lc} mfa{c} id mcnmdnyrfmbn id}{rczb}yc} id ycic} dn lf

id}ntidx fo}cltyf }clfadnyd dn dl mtdr{c }d ld {cirf afrmfr dl n id bidnybjbmfmbn. Flec vtd }tdfn lc} vtd mcn lc} fzfnmd} ydmnclebmc} }t{cndn vtd mfif }dr gtafnc {cirf }dr bidnybjbmfic mcn tn {dr}cnfl}bacmibec id ofrrf ba{rd}c dn }t {bdl.


7/15



rd}{cnidr f 'c mcn}yrtbr" lf} dwbednmbf} id lc} ficld}mdnyd}. Ycic }d flydrnf mcn dw{drbdnmbf} zbzdnmbf} {dr}cnfld} , }cord ycic, ert{fld} a} zfrbfif}.

';5" Dl ybda{c d} lc vtd }corf8 dn d}yc} ybda{c} dn lc} vtd lc} fitlyc} ndmd}byfn ybda{c {frffydnidr f lc} id}ocrid} id cmt{fmbn 'zdrifidrf fibmmbn vtd flydrf gf}yf lf }flti" lf} edndrfmbcnd}

vtd lc} }tmdidn ybdndn ybda{c {frf rdeflfr. Nc gf {f}fic vtd lfadnyfr, nc gf jtytrc vtdfnybmb{fr, gf tn {rd}dnyd vtd ib}jrtyfr. R }lc dl ecmd d} dl vtd if }dnybic fl ybda{c, {crvtd {frflf} colbefmbcnd} ntnmf gf ybda{c c }bda{rd8 d}{drf, id}{t} lc zc f gfmdr, ycifzf ydnec

ybda{c, }detrfadnyd zc f lldefr Ntnmf f{fefn dl ydldzb}cr, lf mca{tyficrf, dl mdltlfr {crvtd

nc {tdidn id}mcndmyfr}d {drc }bda{rd f{fefn dl id}{dryficr, lf} ridnd}, lc} lborc}, lf}mfr{dyf}, lf} colbefmbcnd} ba{td}yf}, {crvtd mcn dllf} nc vtbdrdn d}yfr mcndmyfic}. R d}yd d} tnjdnadnc vtd f}caf dn lf nbdx lldef macifadnyd gf}yf dl nbzdl }t{drbcr.

';7" Dl af{f idl }tdc ficld}mdnyd d} }dn}boldadnyd ib}ybnyf f fvtdllf id lf bnjfnmbf. Dn lf nbdx, lfafcr id lf} ibjbmtlyfid} ebrf dn ycrnc fl icrabr}d. Lf lldefif f lf ficld}mdnmbf }d fntnmbf, dnyrdcyrf} mc}f}, {cr lf} ibjbmtlyfid} dn ycrnc fl id}{dryfr}d. [cndr dn afrmgf tn ntdzc if, }flbr idl

}c{cr idl }tdc {rcjtnic, fafndmdr fl fmc}c id lf} dwbednmbf} mcybibfnf} idl d}ytibc c lf}colbefmbcnd} }d mcnzbdryd dn tnf ltmgf {drafndnyd. Atmgf} id lf} ibfrbf} ib}mt}bcnd} jfablbfrd} {dldf} dnyrd {fird} d gbhc} mcabdnxfn fvt jrdmtdnydadnyd }d {rclcnefn dn lf} ftlf} dn lf}{rbadrf} gcrf}8 nc {tdidn ldzfnyfr}d c nc {tdidn id}{dryfr}d. Gf {tl}dfif} ybrcndc} dn ycrnc fgcrfrbc}, mta{lbabdnyc}, rd}{cn}foblbifid}.

';2" [cr d}yf} rfxcnd} lc} ficld}mdnyd} idjbdnidn t}fn }t gfobyfmbn mcac tn rditmyc {rc{bc dndl mtfl rdjtebfr}d. [bidn rd}{dyc {cr }t {rbzfmbifi, {crvtd {tdidn rd{rcitmbr }clfadnyd dn d}d}dmycr id lf mf}f lf jcraf id zbzbr vtd ld} ferfif8 fb}lfabdnyc, rdmtr}c} ydmnclebmc}, id}cridn,zcltadn id lf a}bmf, dzdnytfld} mcn}tac}, baednd} {frf da{f{dlfr lf} {frdid}, bnerd}c id lf}{dr}cnf} mcn lf} vtd ybdndn fo}cltyf mcnjbfnxf. Lf} gfobyfmbcnd} id lc} ficld}mdnyd} }tdldn }dr dl

}bybc id lf mf}f vtd ybdnd cyrf crefnbxfmbn id lf mcybibfnbifi 'ncmgd if".

'6;" Lf} ntdzf} frvtbydmytrf} jfablbfrd} }den lc} rdmtr}c} dmcnabmc} ib}{cnbold} gfn idjbnbicd}yd ntdzc ydrrbycrbc8 lf} gfobyfmbcnd} mcn}yrtdn atnic} }d{frfic} vtd }d f}cmbfn dn lc} d}{fmbc}mcatnd} vtd }tdldn mca{frybr}d 'nc ndmd}frbfadnyd" dn fletnc} acadnyc} id lf hcrnfif. Of}yfrdzb}fr lc} gcrfrbc} jfablbfrd} {frf mcnmltbr vtd gf d}mf}c} acadnyc} dn lc} vtd ycic} lc}abdaorc} id lf jfablbf mca{frydn lc} d}{fmbc}. Dl bidfl {frf lc} ficld}mdnyd} d} lf mf}f zfmf 'ycic}lc} if} c {drbibmfadnyd" {crvtd lf mf}f dnydrf {tdid {drabybr dwydnidr lc} mfrfmydrd} id }t {rc{bfgfobyfmbn.

'66"Mtrbc}fadnyd lf D]MTDLF lf JFABLBF vtdifn fl afredn id d}yc} d}mdnfrbc}8 {tdidn }dr }bybc}

dn lc} vtd }d crefnbxf lf ncmgd, {drc }cn lf mcnyrfmfrf id lf ncmgd. D}{dmbfladnyd lf d}mtdlf 'mcn}t} bn}cocrnfold} gcrfrbc}, }t} icmdnyd}, }t} rdelfadnyc} }t} dwbednmbf}" f{frdmd mcac tnfmcnyrfmtlytrf htzdnbl, {rclcnefmbn idl atnic fitlyc.

'6?"Dl af{f idl }tdc ficld}mdnyd d} }dn}boldadnyd ib}ybnyf f fvtdllf id lf bnjfnmbf. Dn lf nbdx, lfafcr id lf} ibjbmtlyfid} ebrf dn ycrnc fl icrabr}d. Lf lldefif f lf ficld}mdnmbf }d fntnmbf, dnyrdcyrf} mc}f}, {cr lf} ibjbmtlyfid} dn ycrnc fl id}{dryfr}d. [cndr dn afrmgf tn ntdzc if, }flbr idl}c{cr idl }tdc {rcjtnic, fafndmdr fl fmc}c id lf} dwbednmbf} mcybibfnf} idl d}ytibc c lf}colbefmbcnd} }d mcnzbdryd dn tnf ltmgf {drafndnyd. Atmgf} id lf} ibfrbf} ib}mt}bcnd} jfablbfrd} {dldf} dnyrd {fird} d gbhc} mcabdnxfn fvt jrdmtdnydadnyd }d {rclcnefn dn lf} ftlf} dn lf}{rbadrf} gcrf}8 nc {tdidn ldzfnyfr}d c nc {tdidn id}{dryfr}d. Gf {tl}dfif} ybrcndc} dn ycrnc f

gcrfrbc}, mta{lbabdnyc}, rd}{cn}foblbifid}.


8/15



'6=" Id fletnf afndrf lc} gbhc}, lc} fltanc} zbzdn }clc}, zbzdn }t} zbif} mcn tnf d}mf}f {frybmb{fmbnid lc} fitlyc}8 f zdmd} {crvtd lc} fitlyc} nc ib}{cndn id ybda{c {frf mca{frybrlc mcn }t} gbhc}0cyrf} {crvtd dl ybda{c mca{frybic nc d} f{rczdmgfic8 mfif tnc }betd gfobyfnic }t {rc{bc atnic,}bn mcn}yrtbr lf mcatnbmfmbn id}dfif8 mcadr c zbfhfr }bn gfolfr, fntnmbfr bnerd}c c derd}c '}flec,lldet, Gf fletbdn dn mf}f3".[cr }t{td}yc vtd nc ycic} lc} nbc} hzdnd} }d bidnybjbmfrn

mcn d}yc, {drc gf yrd} mfrfmydrd} vtd dw{rd}f d}yf crjfnifi8 lf dw{drbdnmbf id ib}mcnybntbifi bnydr!edndrfmbcnfl, dl id}frrfbec d}{fmbfl, yda{crfl dwb}ydnmbfl, lf mfif id lf} mdrydxf} o}bmf}.

'69"Yfl zdx {cr d}c, lf ab}bn id ntd}yrf d}mtdlf d}{dmbfladnyd dn d}mtdlf} mcac }yf} }df lf idmcn}yrtbr tn aobyc id dnmtdnyrc, id {rcydmmbn, id rdmcncmbabdnyc id lf {dr}cnf dn }t ibadn}bna} {ldnf. [tdid }cnfr itrc, {drc lf mbtifi, ntd}yrf mtlytrf, d}y fyrfzd}fif {cr mbdryf }dn}fmbnid crjfnifi. D} mtrbc}c, {crvtd }d yrfyf id tnf crjfnifi mcn {fird} zbzc}, ftnvtd ft}dnyd}, {cr d}cidodac} id}frrcllfr {cydnmbfr ntd}yrf mf{fmbifi id rdmd{mbn 'yd d}{drfac}" {rcydmmbn 'ydmtbifac}" {crvtd atmgc} id lc} vtd lldefn f ntd}yrf} d}mtdlf} lc gfmdn dn tnf {rcjtnif }bytfmbn

id crjfnifi. Nc }d yrfyf id idydrabnfic} mcnjlbmyc} jfablbfrd}, }bnc tnf dw{drbdnmbf vtd fyfd {crbetfl f nbc}, hzdnd} fitlyc}, afird}, {fird} d gbhc}. [crvtd jrdmtdnydadnyd lc} gtrjfnc} }cn

lc} fitlyc}, }cn lc} ab}ac} {fird}. [frf yfnyc} gtrjfnc} gtrjfnf} lf mcatnbifi vtd d} lfd}mtdlf idodrf ycrnfr}d jfablbf, tn ltefr id dnmtdnyrc, tn d}{fmbc id facr erfytbyc {rcacmbn{drafndnyd, id fjbrafmbn mrdmbabdnyc.

;4. LF NTDZF _DZCLTMBCN DITMFYBZF'6"O_TNND_ '?;;;" id}yfmf yrd} rdzcltmbcnd} dn lf ditmfmbn itrfnyd lc} lybac} }belc}8 'f"F{frbmbn id lf} d}mtdlf} adibdzfld} vtd }t}ybytdrcn dl {frfibeaf jfablbfr mcatnbyfrbc {cr dlbn}ybytmbcnfl, mcn tnf ditmfmbn crfl adacr}ybmf. 'o". Mrdfmbn id }b}ydaf} d}mclfrd} {olbmc}icnid mcabdnxf tn }b}ydaf d}yfyfl id ditmfmbn mcn }t{rdafmf idl afydrbfl ba{rd}c. 'm" F{frbmbnid lf ditmfmbn af}bzf {frf rd}{cnidr f lf} ndmd}bifid} id lf dmcncaf f lf mcn}yrtmmbn idnfmbcnd}0 idnyrc id d}yc} {fradyrc} }d aczb dl }b}ydaf ditmfybzc dn lc} }belc} WBW WW.

'?"]den O_TNND_ '?;;;", lf mtfryf rdzcltmbn d} lf vtd mcabdnxf f zbzbr}d fmytfladnyd ba{tl}fif{cr dl id}frrcllc id lf} ntdaf} ydmnclcef}. [cr }t{td}yc, fl id}mrbobr ibmgf rdzcltmbn, gfolf id flecvtd d}y cmtrrbdnic, id afndrf ldnyf {rcerd}bzf, nc id}mrbod tnf }bytfmbn ifif. D}yf rdzcltmbn}d mfrfmydrbxf {cr8

;6. Dl mcncmbabdnyc idhf id }dr ldnyc, d}mf}c d}yfold.;?. Dl d}yfoldmbabdnyc d}mclfr mdid dl {f}c f cyrc} adibc} {cr lc} vtd }d ybdnd mcnyfmyc mcn lfbnjcrafmbn, }d {tdid idmbr vtd idhf id }dr dl mfnfl nbmc adibfnyd dl mtfl lf} ntdzf}

edndrfmbcnd} dnyrfn dn mcnyfmyc mcn dl mcncmbabdnyc lf bnjcrafmbn.;=. Lf {flforf idl {rcjd}cr dl ydwyc d}mrbyc, idhfn id }dr dl nbmc }c{cryd id lf mcatnbmfmbnditmfmbcnfl.;9. Lf d}mtdlf f nc {tdid fmytfr mcac }b lf} mca{dydnmbf} vtd jcraf, lc} f{rdnibxfhd} f vtdif ltefr dl yb{c id bnydlbednmbf vtd }t{cnd, {tibdrfn lbabyfr}d f lf} dw{dmyfybzf} id lf}cmbdifi bnit}yrbfl.;4. Lf} ydmnclcef} yrfibmbcnfld} idl {rcmd}c ditmfybzc, d}yn idhfnic id }dr lf} nbmf}ib}{cnbold} {frf dn}dfr f{rdnidr.;:. Dn d}yd mcnydwyc, d} {c}bold vtd lf d}mtdlf idhd id }dr tnf fednmbf jcrafybzf vtd c{drd dntn adibc d}yfold id crefnbxfmbn0 {td} lc} adibc} id mcatnbmfmbn f{rdnibxfhd mcdwb}ydndn tn d}{fmbc atlybibadn}bcnfl, mrdfnic lf }dn}fmbn id vtd nfif d} jbhc ycic id{dnid idl

{tnyc id zb}yf idl co}drzficr.


9/15



'="Dl f{rdnibxfhd }d gf ztdlyc a} }cmbfl, }d id}frrcllf fgcrf dn dl mfa{c id lf} rdid} }cmbfld}zbrytfld}. Lc} hzdnd} tyblbxfn lf ydmnclcef {frf mcn}yrtbr fa{lbf} mcatnbifid} id {frybmb{fmbn {frfatmgc} jbnd}, o}vtdif} {dr}cnfld}, dnyrdydnbabdnyc ida}, {drc yfaobn {frf jbnd} idf{rdnibxfhd, d}c edndrf tnf c{crytnbifi, {frf lf} d}mtdlf}, id dn}dfr id afndrf} ntdzf}. Dlf{rdnibxfhd fmytfl id lc} d}ytibfnyd} d} atmgc a} zbrytfl, atlybadibf mcn dw{drbdnmbf}

atlyb}dn}crbfld}. D}yf d} tnf edndrfmbn vtd mrdmb mcn lf ydldzb}bn zbidc}, nc }lc zbniclc} }bncgfmbniclc}. Mtflvtbdrf mcn tn ydljcnc {tdid gfmdr }t} {rc{bc} zbidc} {cndrlc} dn lf Udo. D}yddnycrnc atlybadibf yfaobn f{cryf tn ntdzc f{rdnibxfhd mcnmd{ytfl, ntdzf} c{crytnbifid} {frff{rdnidr, {drc yfaobn id}fjf f lc} {rcjd}crd} lc} ditmficrd}, id ycic} lc} nbzdld}, bnmlt}ctnbzdr}byfrbc, {frf vtd id}frrclldn afydrbfld} id ntdzf} afndrf}.

'9"O}bmfadnyd gf vtd rdmcrifr vtd }d {rcitmd mcncmbabdnyc dn ycif} {fryd}, vtd d}yf{rcitmmbn id mcncmbabdnyc ybdnd ltefr ycic dl ybda{c. Nc d} }clfadnyd d}yfnic dn lf jfmtlyfi c dndl ftlf, }bnc dn lf mf}f, dn dl ltefr id yrfofhc, dn dl mfj0 lc} d}ytibfnyd} d}yn f{rdnibdnic id cyrf}afndrf} f{rdnibdnic bnjcrafmbn ntdzf dn atmgc} }dmycrd}, lf afcrf id lc} mtfld} nc ybdndnmcndwbn mcn lf jfmtlyfi, mcn dl mcldebc, mcn lf d}mtdlf. ]d yrfyf idl f{rdnibxfhd tobmtc. Id}frrcllfrntdzf} f}cmbfmbcnd} id mclfocrfmbn mcn d}yc} cyrc} ltefrd} id f{rdnibxfhd ftifr f lc}

d}ytibfnyd} dn lf} d}mtdlf} f rdlfmbcnfr dl f{rdnibxfhd vtd ybdnd ltefr dn cyrc} }bybc} icnid d}ynf{rdnibdnic. Lf} mc}f} id lf d}mtdlf }cn ba{cryfnyd} {drc yfaobn d} ba{cryfnyd rdlfmbcnfrlf} mcnd}d f{rdnibxfhd dn Bnydrndy, dn lf mtlytrf {c{tlfr, dn lc} adibc} lf ydldzb}bn {crvtd d}yf d} tnfedndrfmbn vtd d}y f{rdnibdnic dn atmg}bac} ltefrd} dn tn acnyn id afndrf} ib}ybnyf}.'OT_OTLD]. Dnyrdzb}yf"

'4"D}yf bidf id tobmtbifi ditmfybzf !}d f{rdnid dn ycif} {fryd} id ibjdrdnyd} acic}! dn vtadibif rd{rd}dnyf tn mfaobc id {frfibeaf ditmfybzc3 [lfnydf tn rdyc jtnifadnyfl f lf}bn}ybytmbcnd} id ditmfmbn jcrafl {crvtd fnyd} }yf} ytzbdrcn dl ltefr {rbacribfl dn dl vtd lc}d}ytibfnyd} f{rdnifn8 lf d}mtdlf lf obolbcydmf. Fgcrf, mcn tnf {fla dn }t mfrytmgdrf, {tdidnydndr Bnydrndy dn }t ocl}bllc. R lc} hzdnd} ybdndn Bnydrndy dn dl ocl}bllc. ]b vtbdrdn fzdrbetfr flec nc

ndmd}byfn br f lf obolbcydmf, nc ndmd}byfn {rdetnyfrld f tn {rcjd}cr, {tdidn ot}mfrlc c mcatnbmfr}dmcn }t} fabec} yfl zdx dllc} lc }fodn. D}yc }benbjbmf vtd lf dn}dfnxf fgcrf d}y tobmfif dn atmgc}mfnfld} ibjdrdnyd} id f{rdnibxfhd ib}yrbotbic, id f{rdnibxfhd dn mclfocrfmbn, vtd nc }cnmcnyrclfic} {cr lf} bn}ybytmbcnd} jcrafld}, c }df vtd f nc dwb}yd d}d acnc{clbc. Lf} d}mtdlf} }betdn}bdnic at ba{cryfnyd}, {drc f nc id}da{dfn dl ab}ac {f{dl0 }betdn }bdnic dl mdnyrc id lfrtdif, {drc d}d mdnyrc d}y mcndmyfic {cr lc} rfc} f d}yc} cyrc} ltefrd} id f{rdnibxfhd icnid }yd}d {rcitmd. R lc} icmdnyd} d}yn id}{lfxnic}d {drafndnydadnyd id}id dl mdnyrc f lc} dwyrdac}.'OT_OTLD]. Dnyrdzb}yf"

':"Dn mtfnic f lc} mcnydnbic} d} {c}bold vtd id}{t} id lf }bnetlfrbifi ibebyfl, gffn dadrebicic} mlf}d} id mcnydnbic}8 mcnydnbic id gdrdnmbf mcnydnbic jtytrc. Dl mcnydnbic id gdrdnmbf

bnmltd lf ldmytrf, lf d}mrbytrf, lf afydaybmf, dl {dn}fabdnyc lebmc, dnydnibdnic lf} d}mrbytrf} lf}bidf} idl {f}fic, ycic dl {lfn id d}ytibc} yrfibmbcnfl. Dl mcnydnbic jtytrc d}y dn tn nbzdl a}


10/15


MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]6;

flyc, nc f}caorc}c, {drc } ibebyfl ydmnclebmc. D}yd bnmltd }cjyufrd, gfriufrd, rcoybmf, nfnc!ydmnclcef, edncaf}, dym. {drc yfaobn mca{rdnid ybmf, {clybmf, }cmbclcef, bibcaf} cyrc} ydaf}rdlfmbcnfic}. D}yd mcnydnbic jtytrc d} dwyrdafifadnyd bnydrd}fnyd {frf lc} d}ytibfnyd} id gc. 'AF_M [_DN]@R .?;;6"

';5"Ntd}yrc} ntdzc} }thdyc} }cn gbhc} id lf} ntdzf} ydmnclcef}. [cr d}c lc} idncabnfic} nfybzc}ibebyfld}8 'f" {rdjbdrdn rdmbobr lf bnjcrafmbn mcn rf{bidx0 'o" ld} et}yfn lc} {rcmd}c} atlybyfrdf{frfldlc}0 'm" {rdjbdrdn erjbmc} fnyd} vtd ydwyc}0 'i" dlbedn fmmd}c} fl fxfr 'id}id gb{drydwyc}" vtdtn fzfnmd }b}ydaybmc0 'd" jtnmbcnfn adhcr mtfnic yrfofhfn dn rdi0 'j" {rc}{drfn mcn }fyb}jfmmbnbnadibfyf rdmca{dn}f} jrdmtdnyd}0 'e" {rdjbdrdn htefr dn }drbc vtd yrfofhfr.

';7"Abdnyrf} lf} edndrfmbcnd} fnydrbcrd} yrfofhfofn mcn {f{dld} dl jcrafyc id rdjdrdnmbf drf lf[FEBNF 'mcn }t} ibzdr}f} ibadn}bcnd} }t {c}boblbifi id ldmytrf d}mrbytrf", d}yf edndrfmbn ybdndmcac jcrafyc lf} [FNYFLLF] 1 MBND, YZ 'id ycif} lf} ydmnclcef}", A[9. A[4, MDLTLF_D], E[],MCA[TYFIC_F], MFHD_C] FTYCAFYBMC], C[D_FIC_D] ID CJBMBNF] R OFNMC], FEDNIF]DLDMY_CNBMF], [FLA, _DFID_ OCC@, MFAF_F] JCYCE_FJBMF], DYM. R lf} {fnyfllf} }cn

atlybmclcrd}, }d fmybzfn, }d atdzdn, mcaobnfn }cnbic} d baednd}, }cn yrbibadn}bcnfld}, }d}t{dr{cndn dnyrd }, rd}{cnidn f lf zb}bn, {drc yfaobn }d afndhfn mcn dl yfmyc codidmdncridnd} id lf zcx. Lf ofyfllf id lf [FNYFLLF mcnyrf lf [EBNF dwgbod jtdrxf} id}betfld}.

';2"Ycic} d}yc} {drydndmdn f tnf edndrfmbn vtd }d gfn abadybxfic mcn lc} rdmtr}c} ydmnclebmc}vtd t}f8 ycic lc vtd mca{rfac} ybdnd atmgc} t}c}, alyb{ld} jtnmbcnd} 'fida} id lf jtnmbno}bmf vtd ld if bidnybifi fl {rcitmyc", id}id tn ftyc gf}yf tnf gdlfidrf. [drc d}{dmbfladnyd lc}YDLDJCNC] MDLTLF_D] mca{bydn {cr cjrdmdrld fl t}tfrbc YCIC8 llfafr, rdmbobr, gfolfr, d}mtmgfr,d}mrbobr, lddr, }fmfr jcyc}, flfraf, a{=, d}mtmgfr rfibc, d}mtmgfr a}bmf, zdr zbidcmlb{, zdr yz, e{},rdeb}yrfr jcyc}, rdeb}yrfr zbidc}, dym Yfaobn lc} fltanc} }cn atlybyfrdf} 'ATLYBYF]@BNE",

gfmdn, {bdn}fn, gfolfn, d}mtmgfn dn dl mcnydwyc id atmgf} yfrdf}8 ofhfn a}bmf, d}ytibfn, mgfydfn,

gfmdn dl yrfofhc fyrf}fic, dym.R ntd}yrf {rd}dnmbf, ntd}yrf {flforf, ntd}yrf} colbefmbcnd} lldefn fd}d atnic lldnc id yfrdf}, bnydnyfnic mca{dybr mcn l. Lc mbdryc d} vtd vtbdn atmgc fofrmf {cmcf{rbdyf jrdmtdnydadnyd {dr}cnf} {rcitmyc} vtd vtbdrdn gfmdrlc ycic, gfmd {cmc afl. ]drd}f lf yfrdf id lf ditmfmbn id lf d}mtdlf8 }dmtdnmbfr lf} cmt{fmbcnd} {frf gfmdrlf} dn }drbc obdn3

'6;" Ntd}yrc} d}ytibfnyd} }cn gc ycic} nfybzc} id lf ldnetf ibebyfl d}{dmjbmf id lc} htdec} {crmca{tyficrf, zbidc d Bnydrndy. Nfmbdrcn mrdmbdrcn dn tn atnic bnjcrafybxfic, }cn dw{dryc} dn}t afndhc. Ybdndn id}yrdxf} jcraf} id mcatnbmfmbn vtd lc} fitlyc} nc ydrabnfn id f}bablfr. D}yfedndrfmbn d} yfaobn mcncmbif mcac lf edndrfmbn atlybyfrdf c atlyb{fnyfllf}, }d ib}ybnetdmlfrfadnyd id lc} bnaberfnyd} ibebyfld}, d} idmbr, id lc} fitlyc} vtd mcn}bidrfn vtd lf}

gdrrfabdnyf} idl atnic ibebyfl d} acybzc id tn f{rdnibxfhd d}{dmjbmc vtd gfmdn lf zbif tn {cmc

a} mca{lbmfif. [cr }t{td}yc vtd nc ycic} lc} nfybzc} mcac dn ycic} lc} ridnd} id lf zbif ybdndn icabnbc id }t ydrrbycrbc vtd tnf afnbjbd}yf bndvtbifi }d{frf f lc} vtd {tdidn fmmdidr fycic 'mfnybifi" f lc adhcr 'mflbifi" id fvtdllc} vtd nc ybdndn fmmd}c c lc ybdndn f {rcitmyc} idd}mf}c nbzdl.

'66" Jrdnyd f dllc}, nc}cyrc} lc} fitlyc} }cac} lc} bnaberfnyd} c aberfnyd} ibebyfld}8 gdac} lldeficfl atnic id lf ydmnclcef yrfn}{cryfic} id}id tn ydrrbycrbc dn dl vtd }dnyf macic} acrficrd}.Nc ycic} {drydndmdac} fl tnbzdr}c ydmnclebmc, }bnc vtd nc} gdac} bic bnmcr{crfnic fl ab}ac,{rbadrc mcn id}mcnjbfnxf, ltdec mcn d}jtdrxc jbnfladnyd mcn bnydr}. Gf tnf edndrfmbn vtd gf}tjrbic, {rcyfecnbxfic c fyrfzd}fic ycic} lc} mfaobc} ydmnclebmc} idl acadnyc8 mbnd, zbidc,a}bmf, ydljcnc, ldmytrf, d}mrbytrf. D}yc} aberfnyd} gfn gdmgc dn atmgc} mf}c} tn {cidrc}c

d}jtdrxc id fif{yfmbn. [drc gf flec mbdryc8 }betdn {drydndmbdnic f lf edndrfmbn fnydrbcr }t


11/15



{dn}fabdnyc {tic afnydndr lc} mrbydrbc} idl {f}fic. Ybdndn lc} bn}yrtadnyc} {frf bnbmbfr dl iblcecvtd }d rdvtbdrd. Cyrc} gfn c{yfic {cr }dr dwyrfnhdrc} c ytrb}yf}.

'6?"Nc }d yrfyf }clfadnyd id tnf mtd}ybn id t}c id ntdzf} ydmnclcef} 'dn } ab}ac tn jfmycr vtdadrdmd tn fnlb}b}", }bnc tnf ntdzf afndrf id mcncmdr, id f}cafr}d fl atnic f lf gb}ycrbf, id

gfolfr id {dn}fr. Lc} ntdzc} }thdyc} nc ybdndn mca{cryfabdnyc} rdnibabdnyc} ibjdrdnyd} mcnrd}{dmyc f lf} edndrfmbcnd} fnydrbcrd}8 }cn ibjdrdnyd} {crvtd lc} ntdzc} }c{cryd} adibfmbcnd} gfnmfaobfic }t jcraf id zdr, id bnydr{rdyfr id gfmdr. Yfa{cmc idod mcn}bidrfr}d mcac tn{rcoldaf t cmt{fmbn id lc} vtd dn}dfn mca{tyfmbn, bnjcraybmf c ntdzf} ydmnclcef}8 d} tnf{rdcmt{fmbn vtd idodn fydnidr lc} vtd dn}dfn ldnetf, gb}ycrbf, afydaybmf, mbdnmbf} nfytrfld} cbibcaf}. Id ycic}.

'6=" Mtfnic atmgc} id nc}cyrc} nc} ditmfac}, dl jtytrc vtd nc} fetfrifof drf {rdzb}bold8 tnc{cif f}cafr}d fl gcrbxcnyd idl {crzdnbr crefnbxfr }t {rc{bf zbif. Gc dl atnic d} fo}cltyfadnydjtefx mfaobfnyd. Tn {drbibmc fjbrafof gfmd fletnc} if}, fl {rd}dnyfr lc} yrfofhc} vtd nc}fetfrifn8 ]dr tn {clbmf idl mlbaf, tn erfnhdrc zdrybmfl, tn bnzdr}cr c orc`dr idl ybda{c c tn

fiabnb}yrficr id of}trf ibebyfl nc {frdmd tnf ndmd}bifi f{rdabfnyd dn dl atnic fmytfl. ]t}ncaord}, bnmlt}c, }tdnfn f mbdnmbf jbmmbn. [drc dn zdbnyd fc}, mtfnic lf zbif mcybibfnf d}y lbefifbndzbyfoldadnyd f lc} fzfnmd} mbdnyjbmc} lf ydmnclcef, mcadnxfr f }dr mcan rdvtdrbr lc}}drzbmbc} id tnc id d}yc} d}{dmbflb}yf} , {cr vt nc, gf}yf mcnzdrybr}d dn tnc id dllc}. Lldefrcn fdntnmbfr 66; ntdzf} mfrrdrf} c {rcjd}bcnd}, dnyrd lf} vtd id}yfmfrcn lf} zdbnyd a} ba{cryfnyd} vtdydnirn afcr idafnif, rd}{flic dmcnabmc {rcdmmbcnd} ditmfybzf}. Mtfnic ld dn}dfac} flecf vtbdnd} gc ybdndn :, 6; c 64 fc}, d}yfac} ditmfnic f lc} mbtififnc} idl ?;=; c idl ?;4;. Nc d}yfrdf jmbl {rd{frfrlc}8 yfl zdx }df mcnzdnbdnyd ndmd}frbc, {cr lc adnc} mcncmdrlc}, {crvtd}detrfadnyd rdlfybzbxfrdac} lc} mcnydnbic} vtd dn}dfac} dwbebac} {frf {cndr dl fmdnyc dn lf}mca{dydnmbf} vtd idodn id}frrcllfr}d, d}f} ib}{c}bmbcnd} vtd nc }lc }d rbnidn }d f{rtdofn, }bncvtd vtdifn mcac f{rdnibxfhd mcn}clbific.

;:. DITMFMBCN8 COLBEFMBCN C ID_DMGC

'6"Lf ditmfmbn tnbzdr}fl jtd tn {rc{}byc {rcmlfafic dn dl }belc WBW, {drc mcac idrdmgc djdmybzc{tic mcn}clbifr}d ldnyfadnyd f lc lfrec idl }belc WW. Dn dl }belc WWB, DITMF_!]D mcnhtefr dl zdrocditmfr dn {rbadrf {dr}cnf d} tn idrdmgc vtd nc }lc idod }dr rd}{dyfic, }bnc djdmybzfadnyd{rcaczbic rd}{dyfic. R d}yc d} ba{cryfnyd {crvtd dn lc} ybda{c} vtd mcrrdn, jrdmtdnydadnyd }dd}mtmgfn zcmd} mrtxfif} {cr bidclcef} at idjbnbif} vtd {drbibmfadnyd rdmtrrdn fl }flzfzbif} idlf ditmfmbn {frf icad}ybmfr f lc} orofrc}, {frf mbzblbxfr f lc} dwmltbic}, {frf rdnczfr lc}admfnb}ac} id {rcydmmbn.

'?"R ftnvtd dn zdrifi {cifac} d}yfr zbzbdnic tnf {cmf dn vtd }d {cnd dn rbd}ec dl mcnyrfyc}cmbfl vtd cridnf dl jtnmbcnfabdnyc id lf mcatnbifi, nc d} adnc} mbdryc vtd {frf atmgc} d}ydmcnyrfyc ybdnd mlt}tlf} f}bayrbmf}8 fletnc} ybdndn ycic dl {cidr lc} rdmtr}c}, cyrc} }lcdwb}ydnmbf }cmbfl dn lf adibif dn vtd fmd{ydn afnydndr}d jbdl fl ltefr dn vtd tn id}ybncbn}cocrnfold lc} gf id{c}byfic id}id }t nfmbabdnyc, zclzdr}d zb}bold} nbmfadnyd mtfnic lc} gblc}idl {cidr c lf afrebnflbifi lc} {cydnmbf.

'="Gforf vtd rdzb}fr dn d}yd }dnybic lf jbetrf id ditmficrd} Htfn Oc}mc, {cr dhda{lc ! vtd dndl }belc dn vtd lf d}mtdlf }d dw{fnif yrbtnjfl {cr lf edcerfjf id lf acidrnbifi, dllc} }d idibmfrcn f{cndr dn mtd}ybn }t {rd}dnmbf }t {rd}tnyf djdmybzbifi. R {rc{t}bdrcn flydrnfybzf fl acidlcgdedanbmc ncraflb}yf id d}mtdlf.

'9"Lf ditmfmbn idl {f}fic drf TNBZD_]FL 'idrdmgc" COLBEFYC_BF 'idodr", lc drf {crvtdrd{rd}dnyfof tn zflcr {frf mfif }thdyc, {drc }cord ycic tnf ndmd}bifi {frf ycic D]YFIC vtd


12/15


MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]6?

f}detrfof f} lf mcn}yrtmmbn id }t} MBTIFIFNC]. Dn ntd}yrc} if}, dhdrmdr dl idrdmgc f lfditmfmbn d} tnf {rbcrbifi8 ditmfr}d dn tn idrdmgc vtd {cydnmbf lc} idrdmgc}, {crvtd mcnitmd fldhdrmbmbc dn }drbc id lc} cyrc} idrdmgc}, vtd nc id}mtbif lc} mca{rcab}c} lf} colbefmbcnd}}cmbfld}, {drc vtd gfmd a} bnyderfl dl dhdrmbmbc id lc} rd}yfnyd} idrdmgc}.

'4"[crvtd }d ndmd}byf DITMFMBCN {frf {dn}fr mcn ftycncaf, {frf {cidr dw{rd}fr f yrfz} id tnldnetfhd mcgdrdnyd }lbic dl {dn}fabdnyc lf} {rc{bf} bidf}, {frf idjdnidr }c}ydndr lf} {rc{bf}mcnzbmmbcnd}, {frf nc }tocribnfr}d nb idhfr}d icabnfr {cr dl {dn}fabdnyc lf} {flforf} id cyrc} 'nbjtnmbcnfr mcn lf} rdnczfif} jcraf} id d}mlfzbyti vtd rd{rd}dnyfn lc} ib}ybnyc} mlbdnydlb}ac}", {frfot}mfr mcn}yrtbr tn ltefr dn lf }cmbdifi, {frf idjbnbr dl {rc{bc }dr vtdgfmdr dn dl mfa{c id lf{rcitmmbn idl yrfofhc, {frf frafr id afndrf rd}{cn}fold lf {rc{bf jfablbf mca{rcadydr}d mcnlc} fjdmyc}, {frf {frybmb{fr id lf zbif idacmrybmf dldebr f lc} idldefic}, f lc} rd{rd}dnyfnyd}, fvtbdnd} nc} ecobdrnfn, {frf ifrld jcraf fl {rc{bc {rcdmyc id zbif, {frf }tohdybzfr lc} }fodr}d{rcerd}bzc} ndmd}frbc} {frf {cidr f}detrfr}d fletnf jcraf id yrf}mdnidnmbf.

':"D}c }benbjbmf vtd d} ndmd}frbc [_CACZD_ DL ID_DMGC F LF DITMFMBCN8 }detrfadnyd nc drf lc

vtd {dn}fof ]frabdnyc '{crvtd }t} bidf} }t mcnydwyc ld ba{difn bafebnfrlc" nc d} lc vtd{bdn}fn lc} vtd rd}tmbyfn lf ditmfmbn mtfnic lf rdfmybzfmbn dmcnabmf atlyb{lbmf lc} {td}yc} idyrfofhc ndmd}byfn c{drfrbc} d}{dmbflbxfic}, d}{dmbfladnyd aclidfic} {frf }t} rdvtdrbabdnyc}d}{dmjbmc} nb lc} vtd rdmlfafn lf ditmfmbn vtd }bldnmbfrcn id lc} adibc} id lf} fednif}{olbmf} itrfnyd fc} mtfnic lf bn}detrbifi lf dwmlt}bn }d mcnzbdrydn dn tn {dlberc lfydnyd cafnbjbd}yc. Dn mfaobc d} flec dn lc vtd }detrfadnyd {dn} ICN OC]MC {dn}frcn }t} {rbadrc}}fld}bfnc}. [cr vt3 [crvtd }d yrfyf id mrdfr dn ycic} lc} ]THDYC] lf ndmd}bifi id ditmfr}d,{rbnmb{fladnyd dn fvtdllc} vtd ybdndn {cmc fmmd}c f lf ditmfmbn dn edndrfl tn fmmd}c f lfditmfmbn id {}baf mflbifi. R yfaobn dn fvtdllc} vtd ib}{cnbdnic id rdmtr}c fmmdidn f lfditmfmbn jcrafladnyd, {drc nc lcerfr ditmfr}d, nc {tdidn mcn}yrtbr tn {rcdmyc id zbif vtdrdjldhd lf ditmfmbn vtd rdmbodn c gfn rdmbobic.

'5"Lf} mtd}ybcnd} ba{lmbyf} c }t{td}yf} nc }bda{rd }cn rdfld}, djdmybzf}8 }b ntnmf }d gfmdn dw{lmbyf} }detrf}, }b nc }d lf} ncaorf }d lf} mcnzbdryd dn {rc{td}yf, mcn}yrtmmbn c idafnif, nc dwb}ydn. Rid d}c }d yrfyf id frafr dl dhdrmbmbc idl idrdmgc f lf ditmfmbn mcn rd}{td}yf} nc mctnytrfld} cd}yrfyebmf}, }bnc d}yrtmytrfld} id jcnic.

'7"Lc} hzdnd} }cn dl jtytrc id ycif mcatnbifi. Vtd gff mbdnyc} id abld} id hzdnd} vtd ncd}ytibfn nb yrfofhfn }t{cnd tnf {ribif bn}flzfold {frf lf }cmbdifi. R, }cord ycic, tn jrfmf}c {frfycic} dllc}8 tnf zbif dn zfnc, tnf dwb}ydnmbf yrtnmf. Mtfnic d}yc }d {rcitmd fjlcrf tnf yrb{lddwmlt}bn8 id lf dn}dfnxf, id lf mf{fmbyfmbn lfocrfl, id lf d}{drfnxf dn lf {rc{bf zbif0 vtdifrfjtdrf id lf} bn}ybytmbcnd} }cmbflbxficrf}8 lf d}mtdlf, dl yrfofhc, f zdmd} id lf jfablbf. Lf mtlytrf lf}

gfoblbifid} }cmbfld} ndmd}frbf} {frf bnmcr{crfr}d mcac abdaorc fitlyc id lf }cmbdifi }d fivtbdrdndn d}f} bn}ybytmbcnd} vtd yrfn}jcrafn fl nbc dn mbtififnc f{yc {frf id}dnzclzdr}d dn lf }cmbdifi.Lf} bn}ybytmbcnd} id dn}dfnxf, lc} ltefrd} id yrfofhc lf jfablbf orbnifn fl nbc fl ficld}mdnyd lc}rdmtr}c} {frf aczdr}d mca{dydnydadnyd dn dl adibc }cmbfl. 'AF_BC AF_ETLB]. TOF."

'2"Lf d}mtdlf nc }lc yrf}abyd mcncmbabdnyc}, bnbmbf fl nbc fl ficld}mdnyd dn lc} mibec} id lfmcnzbzdnmbf, dn dl rd}{dyc rdm{rcmc dn lc} afybmd} idl yrfyc atytc. Dl yflldr lf jorbmf fibd}yrfndn lf} gfoblbifid} ib}mb{lbnf} idl yrfofhc, {drc yfaobn dn}dfn id}yrdxf} }cmbfld} f{cryfn dn lfmcn}yrtmmbn id lf bidnybifi. Vt vtdif {frf dl hczdn dwmltbic id d}yf} bn}ybytmbcnd}, vtd ncyrfofhf, nc d}ytibf ybdnd tn gcefr {rcoldaybmc3 Lf mflld, dl ert{c id {frd}, cyrc} hzdnd} mcac lbetfladnyd f lf idrbzf, ztlndrfold} f lf ircef, f lf} ydnyfmbcnd} jmbld}, f lf d}ybeafybxfmbn, fl idlbyc

d bnmcnyfold} rbd}ec}.


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MF[FMBYFMBCND], YFLLD_D] R AFYD_BFL ID MFYDI_F]6=

'6;" Lf nbmf afndrf id mcnzdrybr dl idrdmgc {rcmlfaf dn tn ID_DMGC DHD_MBIC d} {rcaczdrlcdn }drbc id}id dl rcl vtd nc}cyrc} ab}ac} dhdrmdac} mcac DITMFIC_D]. D}mtdlf} ib}ybnyf} ditmficrd} mca{rcadybic} mcn ntd}yrf {rcjd}bn. Tn idrdmgc nc }d lc {rcatdzd mcnzbrybniclc

dn colbefycrbc, }bnc {rd}dnyniclc mcac f{dydmbold, ndmd}frbc.

'66" Gf}yf fgcrf, nc}cyrc} lc} icmdnyd} gdac} rd}{dyfic dl mcnmd{yc yrfibmbcnfl id lf ditmfmbn8orbnifr dl }drzbmbc {frf dl dhdrmbmbc id tn idrdmgc vtd {cif ydndr c nc bnydrd}fic}. Lc} icmdnyd}d}ytzbac} fll d}{drfnic f lc} t}tfrbc}, f lc} bnydrd}fic}, f vtbdnd} idofn zdnbr f lf d}mtdlf, lffednmbf }cmbfl {olbmf id lf ditmfmbn. F zdmd} lcerfac} mcnzdrybrnc} dn ditmficrd} id ycic}0cyrf}, nc} zbac} }cr{rdnibic} id}ocrific} {cr lf gdydrcedndbifi id lf {colfmbn vtd nc} bnzfif0 jrdmtdnydadnyd rdmcncmbac} ntd}yrf ba{c}boblbifi {frf fjrcnyfr lc} ntdzc} ybda{c}.

'6?" Id}id gfmd ?4 fc}, lf tnbzdr}flbifi id lf ditmfmbn mcadnx f {colfr lf} ftlf} mcn tnfaf}f gdydrcendf8 rca{bdrcn lc} atrc} }d }dnyfrcn dn lc} ofnmc} nc }lc lc} dldebic}, lc}fmd{yfic}, lc} {rdzbfadnyd }dldmmbcnfic} {cr lf }cmbdifi, }bnc, ycic}8 lc} dwmltbic}, lc} bnd}{drfic},lc} bnid}dfold}, lc} bnzb}bold}, lc} bencrfic}. Lf {tdryf d}yfof fobdryf dnyrfrcn8 atmgc} ntnmf

}t{bdrcn {frf vt dnyrfrcn nb mca{rdnibdrcn lc vtd }d gfmf dn d}d dwyrfc ltefr. F {d}fr id dllc}}d vtdifrcn, }bn }fodr vt gfmdr fll. Cyrc} itrfrcn {cmc tn nadrc mrdmbdnyd f {d}fr idlidrdmgc, id lf colbefmbn id lf} {tdryf} fobdryf} ntnmf bnerd}frcn.

'6=" Lc} icmdnyd} bnydr{rdyofac} lf {frybytrf vtd nc} dn}dfrcn8 drf ntd}yrf yfrdf fetfriofac} vtd lc} fltanc} rd}{cnibdrfn mcn }t {rc{bc mca{rcab}c8 nc}cyrc} d}yofac} {frfdn}dfr dllc} d}yfof {frf f{rdnidr. D}yf cozbdifi }d gf vtdorfic8 lc} fltanc} id mtflvtbdrmlf}d }cmbfl mcnmtrrdn f lf} d}mtdlf}, bnerd}fn fl ftlf, }d }bdnyfn dn lc} ofnmc} {drc ncndmd}frbfadnyd ybdndn bnydnmbcnd} id f{rdnidr. [cr d}c ntd}yrf yfrdf mfaobf. Lf yfrdf vtd nc}fetfrif d} cyrf8 nc d} rd{dybr lc vtd gbmbac}, }bnc {defr dl }flyc gfmbf tnf ntdzf rdflbifi lfocrfl,gfmbf tnf ntdzf rdflbifi bn}ybytmbcnfl, {rbnmb{fladnyd dn fvtdllf} d}mtdlf} t crefnbxfmbcnd} vtd

d}yn {frybmtlfradnyd {rd{frfif} {frf dllc.

'69" R mac zb}tflbxfac} d}f ntdzf rdflbifi ditmfybzf icmdnyd3 'f" mf{fmbifi {rd{frfmbn{rcjd}bcnfl d}{dmjbmf {frf fydnidr f ycic}, yrfofhfnic }cord lf gdydrcedndbifi0 'o" }fodr {rbzbldebfrf lc} vtd adnc} {tdidn 'vtd edndrfladnyd }cn lc} vtd adnc} ybdndn" {crvtd }cn lc} vtd nc }cnmf{fmd} id gfmdr t}c idl idrdmgc f lf ditmfmbn, f lf otdnf ditmfmbn, f lf adhcr ditmfmbn8 'm"d}{dmbflbxfmbn8 lc} icmdnyd} idodac} mrdmdr mcac lf} rd}yfnyd} {rcjd}bcnd} dn ibzdr}f} jcraf}id d}{dmbflbxfmbn8 difid}, mf{fmbifid}, }bytfmbcnd} }cmbfld}, edcerfjf}, bn}ybytmbcnd}, dym.0 'i"mf{fmbifi zcmfmbcnfl {frf mcnzdrybr lf yfrdf icmdnyd nc }lc dn tnf d}{drf, }bnc dn tnf mcnvtb}yf8}flbr f ot}mfr f lc} ft}dnyd}, f lc} bencrfic}, f lc} vtd ftn nc gfn id}mtobdryc lf} {c}boblbifid} vtd{tdid orbnifr tnf otdnf ditmfmbn0 'd" mcnmbdnmbf mrybmf {frf ltmgfr {cr tn jcrafyc bnyderfl id lf

ditmfmbn tnf {rd}dnmbf {rcjd}bcnfladnyd ibenf idl icmdnyd0 'j" tn mbtififnc fmybzc vtd bn}yflf dlydaf id lf ditmfmbn dn lf fednif {olbmf lf idjbdnid mcac tnf mcnibmbn ndmd}frbf {frf lfyrfn}jcrafmbn id mtflvtbdr jcraf id }cmbdifi.

'64" Nc }d yrfyf id tnf yfrdf jmbl, {drc }dr tnf dwmdldnyd {c}boblbifi {rcjd}bcnfl, vtd ld cycrefjcryfldxf yrf}mdnidnmbf f tnf {rd}dnmbf lfocrfl }cmbfl vtd }d gf zb}yc id}ibothfif dn lc} lybac}fc}. Nfibd d}y colbefic f }dr grcd, {drc d} otdnc vtd dn lf zbif gff c{crytnbifid} mbrmtn}yfnmbf} vtd nc} {drabyfn }drlc vtd ydnefn dl idobic rdmcncmbabdnyc.

'6:" [cr d}c gfolfac} id lf DITMFMBCN mcac tn idrdmgc gtafnc id MTF_YF EDND_FMBCN,{crvtd }d yrfyf id tn idrdmgc vtd f{tnyf f lf mflbifi id zbif }cmbfl {dr}cnfl, {frf vtd d}c

}tmdif }d ndmd}byf vtd mbdryc} ID_DMGC] mcac }yd }dfn idlbodrfifadnyd {rcaczbic}, mtfniclc} }thdyc} 'c }t} rd}{cn}fold}" nc vtbdrdn dhdrmdrlc}. Lf ditmfmbn {frf ycic} nc d} }lc tnf cjdryf,


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tnf colbefmbn {rcmlfafif dn ldd} ib}mtr}c}, }bnc tnf ndmd}bifi vtd lc} ditmficrd} idodac}ftifr f id}mtorbr dn vtbdnd} nc lcerfn ycafr mcnmbdnmbf. Lc} llfafac} id MTF_YF EDND_FMBCN{crvtd yrfofhfac} {cr dl djdmybzc dhdrmbmbc id lc} idrdmgc} {rcmlfafic} dn lf} jcratlfmbcnd}{rdmdidnyd}. ?

[_C[TD]YF ID Y_FOFHC 'YFLLD_" R FMYBZBIFID]

6. Ldmytrf }torffic idl afydrbfl, mcn fncyfmbcnd} dn lc} arednd}.?. Mcbnmbibac} mcn d}yc} mfrfmydrd} c ntd}yrc} fltanc} nc gfn }tjrbic mfaobc}3 F{cryd}

{frf dl idofyd.=. Vt cyrc} mfrfmydrd} c }bytfmbcnd} {tdidn ferdefr}d39. Id}id lf dw{drbdnmbf mcac icmdnyd, rdmcncmdac} vtd lc} mfaobc} vtd }d d}yn

{rcitmbdnic }cn a} {rcjtnic} zdlcmd} vtd lc} fnydrbcrd}34. Dn vt nc} fjdmyfn d}yc} mfaobc} d}yf} yrfn}jcrafmbcnd}3

:. Mtld} }cn lc} }nycaf} vtd mfif tnc id nc}cyrc} co}drzf dn lc} fltanc} vtd ybdnd f}t mfrec dn dl ftlf dn lf d}mtdlf3

5. Mac zbzbac} d}yf yrfn}jcrafmbn id lc} }thdyc} vtd f{rdnidn3 Ecxc, iclcr,mcnjbfnxf, jrt}yrfmbn, dnchc, ba{cydnmbf, id}f}c}bdec, d}{drfnxf, o}vtdif3

7. Mac {cidac} afnydndr rdjcrxfr ntd}yrc yrfofhc icmdnyd mcn d}yc} ntdzc} }thdyc} }t ntdzf jcraf id }dr fltanc}3

2. Mca{tyficrf dn afnc, mcndmyfr f bnydrndy ot}mfr BAEDND], [DLBMTLF], ZBIDC],F_YBMTLC], Y_FOFHC] vtd {tdifn fa{lbfr d}yf} id}mrb{mbcnd}.

6;.Ot}mfr fletnf} {dlmtlf} vtd {tdifn {drabybrnc} ZD_ IB]MTYB_ d}yf} }bytfmbcnd}8 F LC]Y_DMD, @BI], _DID] ]CMBFLD], DNY_D LC] AT_C], JB]BMF C VTBABMF '}drbd d}{fclf".

66.Mcn vt yb{c id fltanc} nc} et}yfrf yrfofhfr8 mcn lc} }thdyc} idl {f}fic c mcn lc}

ntdzc} }thdyc} idl {rd}dnyd3 [cr vt3 Zdnyfhf} idjdmyc} id mfif edndrfmbn.6?.[tdidn mca{frybr mcn lc} [FI_D] lc} mfrfmydrd} vtd ybdndn gc lc} gbhc}!fltanc} dn lf

d}mtdlf3

?ID_DMGC] ID [_BAD_F EDND_FMBCN8 Lc} idrdmgc} mbzbld} {clybmc} fvtdllc} vtd bnmbidn }cord lf

dw{rd}bn id lbodryfi id lc} bnibzbitc}, ftnvtd }cn idrdmgc} vtd ybdndn mcac }c{cryd lf jblc}cjf id lfblt}yrfmbn lf} ydcrf} idl mcnyrfyc }cmbfl. D}yc} idrdmgc} d}yn rdmcebic} dn lf Idmlfrfmbn Tnbzdr}fl id lc}Idrdmgc} Gtafnc} id 6297 lc} [fmyc} Bnydrnfmbcnfld} ld {cndn tn labyd fl {cidr idl D}yfic, f}detrfnic }tftycncaf.ID_DMGC] ID ]DETNIF EDND_FMBCN }d bnmcr{crfn f {frybr id tnf yrfibmbn id {dn}fabdnyc gtafnb}yf }cmbflb}yf0 }cn id nfytrfldxf dmcnabmf }cmbfl, d bnmbidn }cord lf dw{rd}bn id betflifi id lc} bnibzbitc}8 }ddwbed mbdryf bnydrzdnmbn idl d}yfic {frf efrfnybxfr tnf fmmd}c betflbyfrbc fl dhdrmbmbc id lc} idrdmgc} {frfmca{dn}fr lf} id}betflifid} nfytrfld} mrdfif} {cr lf} zdnyfhf} id}zdnyfhf} id mlf}d}, dynbf rdlbebn vtd

mfrfmydrbxfn lf} ibjdrdnmbf} }cmbfld} id lc} bnibzbitc} id}id }t {rc{bc nfmbabdnyc. Dl d}yfic idod efrfnybxfr dlfmmd}c f lf ditmfmbn, dl yrfofhc, lf }flti, lf {rcydmmbn }cmbfl, dym., mrdfnic lf} mcnibmbcnd} }cmbfld} vtd{c}boblbydn tn dhdrmbmbc rdfl id lf} lbodryfid} dn tnf }cmbdifi icnid nc ycic} lc} gcaord} nfmdn betfld}ID_DMGC] ID YD_MD_F EDND_FMBCN rd}{cnidn f lf fmmbn id idydrabnfic} mcldmybzc} 'ert{c}" vtdrdmlfafn ldeybac} idrdmgc}. [rcydedn idydrabnfic} ert{c} id difi, abncrf} ynbmf} c rdlbebc}f}, {f}d} mcnadncr id}frrcllc, }dmycrd} vtd }d }bdnydn fjdmyfic} {cr fletnf id lf} alyb{ld} afnbjd}yfmbcnd} idib}mrbabnfmbn dwmlt}bn }cmbfl. F{frdmdn fvt mcac idrdmgc}, dl rd}{dyc lf mcn}drzfmbn id lf ibzdr}bifimtlytrfl, lf {rcydmmbn idl adibc faobdnyd, lf mcn}drzfmbn idl {fyrbacnbc mtlytrfl id lf gtafnbifi.ID_DMGC] ID MTF_YF EDND_FMBCN }cn lc} vtd djdmybzfadnyd vtbdrdn efrfnybxfr vtd lc} fnydrbcrd}idrdmgc} }d {tdidn dhdrmdr nc }lc {frf obdn idl d}yfic id lf }cmbdifi, }bnc {frf odndjbmbc yfaobn id mfiftnc id lc} bnibzbitc}. R fvt }d if tn {f}c a}8 dl obdnd}yfr edndrfl, lf mflbifi id zbif dwbedn cyrc} mcnydwyc}8}d rdbzbnibmf lf bnyderfmbn id lf erfn jfablbf gtafnf, lf ybmf {lfndyfrbf, dl idrdmgc f lf {fx f lf bnydrzdnmbnid}id tn {cidr ldeybac bnydrnfmbcnfl dn lc} mcnjlbmyc} frafic}0 yrbotnfld} bnydrnfmbcnfld} vtd fmydn dn lc}mf}c} id edncmbibc mradnd} mcnyrf lf gtafnbifi0 tn id}frrcllc }c}ydnbold vtd {drabyf {rd}drzfr dl adibc

faobdnyd nfytrfl.


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6=.Mtld} }cn lc} mfaobc} vtd {cidac} {rc{cndr {frf ntd}yrf d}mtdlf, ntd}yrf ftlf,ntd}yrf {rc{td}yf icmdnyd3 Mac bafebnfn lf d}mtdlf vtd ndmd}byfac} {frf dl jtytrcvtd nc} d}{drf3

69.D}mrbofac} tn ordzd mcadnyfrbc, rd}{cnibdnic f d}yd yytlc8 F]B ]CN GCR NTD]Y_C]FLTANC]

168. LOS NUEVOS SUJETOS: EDUCACION Y ESCUELA EN EL SIGLO XXI

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Transcript of 168. LOS NUEVOS SUJETOS: EDUCACION Y ESCUELA EN EL SIGLO XXI