10007 Que Es Paisatge

8/14/2019 10007 Que Es Paisatge

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1 | RAISING AWARENESS ON LANDSCAPE

The concept of environmentrefers tothe systemof natural interconnected

elements, modified by human action,that condition and configure the frame-work of life for living beings. It is thusformed by a suite of physicochemical,biological and socioeconomic compo-nents that interact and exist in a specificplace and time.

The concept of landscaperefers to

the featuresdisplayed by a particularterritory as a result of the interactionsthat take place between the variouscomponents and the way in which it isperceived by the population.

The focus of attention of the three con-cepts is the physical framework in whichlife takes place, with all of its compo-nents, but when speaking of landscapewe are referring to the perception of thesurroundings through the senses, to howthey are interpreted through knowledgeand also of how it isfeltand how it islivedunder the influence of the personalemotions and the culture in which we areimmersed. Whether we speak of personalor social perception, the landscape is anotion charged with significance that each

person or society sees through its own op-tic and that nevertheless presents sharedtraits and connotations.

El concepte de medi ambientesrefereix al sistemadelements naturals

interrelacionats, i modificats per laccihumana que condiciona i configura elmarc de vida dels ssers vius. Per tant,est format pel conjunt de componentsfsicoqumics, biolgics i socioecon-mics que interaccionen i existeixen enun lloc i un moment concret.

El concepte de paisatgees refereix a la

fesomiaque mostra un territori deter-minat, com a resultat de les interaccionsque es produeixen entre els diversoscomponents, i a la manera com s per-cebut per la poblaci.

El focus datenci dels tres conceptes sel marc fsic en el qual es desenvolupala vida amb tots els seus components.Ara b, quan es parla de paisatge es fareferncia a la percepci de lentorn ambels sentits, a com sinterpreta amb elsconeixements i tamb a com aquest sesenti com es viusota la influncia de lesemocions personals i de la cultura en laqual hom est immers. Tant si parlem depercepci personal com social, el paisatges una noci carregada de significats, quecada persona o societat veu amb la seva

prpia ptica i que, tot i aix, presentatrets i connotacions compartides.

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EUROPEAN LANDSCAPE

CONVENTION ELC

Article 1.a.

The term landscapedesignates a part of the

territory as it is perceived by the population,

the character of which results from the ac-tion of natural and/or human factors and of

the relations established between them.

Without excluding the pertinence, useful-

ness and value of other conceptualisations

of the landscape, this publication uses as its

basis the ELCs definition of landscape.

As particularly relevant traits, we must em-

phasise that this definition is:

Agreed, enjoying a maximum of

recognition across Europe

Contemporary, the result of the gradual

evolution of the term since its inception

(when it was basically associated

with sublime, exceptionally beautiful

landscapes) until the present day (when

it is considered that any environment insofar as it is perceived deserved

to be considered a landscape).

Operative, part of an instrument the

ELC that has the goal of contributing to

the harmonious evolution of landscapes

over time.

Dynamic, one that does not pursue fixing

the landscape in a particular state but,above all, that the evolution inherent to its

changing condition occurs in a conscious

and harmonious manner.

Perceptive, based on the consideration

that landscape does not exist as an

independent entity but as the result of

a spectators perception.

Social, which includes society and the

effects of its actions as an essential

component of the landscape.

1 | SENSIBILITZACI EN PAISATGE

CONVENI EUROPEU DEL

PAISATGE CEP

Article 1.a.

El terme paisatgedesigna una part del terri-

tori tal com la percep la poblaci, el carcter

de la qual resulta de lacci dels factorsnaturals i/o humans i de les relacions que

sestableixen entre ells.

Sense excloure la pertinncia, utilitat i valor

daltres conceptualitzacions del paisatge, en

aquesta publicaci es parteix de la definici

de paisatge del CEP.

Com a trets especialment rellevants cal

destacar que s una definici:

Consensuada, que gaudeix del mxim

reconeixement a escala europea.

Contempornia, resultat de levoluci

progressiva del terme des del seu

naixement (quan sassociava bsicament

a paisatges excelsos i de bellesa

excepcional) fins als nostres dies (quan

es considera que tot entorn en tant queentorn percebut, mereix ser considerat

com a paisatge).

Operativa, inserida en un instrument el

CEP que t per objectiu contribuir a

levoluci harmnica dels paisatges al llarg

del temps.

Dinmica, que no persegueix la fixaci

del paisatge en un estat determinat, sin,

sobretot, que levoluci inherent a la seva

condici canviant tingui lloc de manera

conscient i harmnica.

Perceptiva, basada en la consideraci que

el paisatge no existeix en tant que entitat

independent, sin com a resultat de la

percepci per part dun espectador.

Social, que inclou com a component

essencial del paisatge la societat i elsefectes de les seves actuacions. Qu s la

sensibilitzaci?

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What is raisingawareness?

The words raising awarenessare oftenused in many different spheres (among

them landscape) to refer to the generalnotion of awakening interest in a par-ticular issue. These words have a wide-ranging and diffuse meaning and areoften used with different nuances. Thereare nevertheless three common aspectsand, in a general way, raising awarenessis associated with:

a necessary and positiveissue, but nota very useful or effective one

a relationship with intangible elementssuch as perceptions, emotions or ideas

a process, a transition betweendiffer-ent states.

Etymologically, raising awareness, orsensitising, is the process of endowingsomeone with sensitivity, that is, theprocess through which someone comesto perceive a specific reality through thesenses or acquires knowledge througha sensorial or intellectual activity.

Qu s lasensibilitzaci?

La paraula sensibilitzacisutilitza ambfreqncia en molts mbits diferents

(entre ells el del paisatge) per referir-sea la noci general de desvetllar linte-rs envers alguna determinada qesti.Es tracta dun mot de significat ampli idifs que sovint es fa servir amb matisosdiferents. Amb tot, hi ha tres aspectescomuns i, duna forma general, la sensibi-litzaci sassocia a:

una qesti necessria i positiva, perno gaire til ni efectiva;

una relaci amb elements intangiblescom les percepcions, les emocions o lesidees;

un procs, una transici entre estatsdiferents.

Etimolgicament, la sensibilitzaci s elprocs de dotar alg de sensibilitat, s adir, el procs pel qual alg passa a perce-bre pels sentits una determinada realitato b adquireix coneixements a travs delactivitat sensorial o intellectual.

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ETYMOLOGY

To sensitise

Action of making sensitive.

Sensitive

Capable of being perceived through thesenses.

One who is easily led by feelings.

One that is modified according to exterior

agents or influences.

Endowed with sensitivity.

Sensitivity The faculty of feeling, of perceiving

through the senses.

Sphere of knowledge determined by

sensorial or intellectual activity.

Ease of being affected by the smallest

physical or moral impressions.

Ease of being transported by feelings of

compassion, of tenderness.

The susceptibility of something to being

modified by a natural agent, a physical

influence, etc.

Sensitising is the revelation of a reality

that up to a certain moment had not beenperceived, the adoption of a differentpoint of view that allows us to discovernew perspectives. Everyone has experi-enced the manner in which a sporadicevent or information can change the per-ception of reality without it having beenmodified. This is what happens, for exam-ple, when one breaks a leg and suddenly

perceives many people with problems ofmobility and becomes aware of the pres-ence of innumerable architectural obsta-cles that had hitherto gone unnoticed.


ETIMOLOGIA

Sensibilitzaci

Acci de fer sensible.

Sensible

Capa de ser percebutpels sentits.

Que fcilment es deixa dur pels

sentiments.

Que es modifica segons els agents o les

influncies exteriors.

Dotat de sensibilitat.

SensibilitatFacultat de sentir, de percebre pels sentits.

mbit del coneixementdeterminat per

lactivitat sensorial o intellectual.

Facilitat a ser afectat per les menors

impressions fsiques o morals.

Facilitat a deixar-se emportar pels

sentiments de compassi, de tendresa.

Facilitat duna cosa a ser modificada per

un agent natural, una influncia fsica, etc.

La sensibilitzaci s la revelaci dunarealitatque fins a un moment determi-nat no es percebia, s a dir, ladopcidun punt de vista diferent que permetdescobrir noves perspectives. Tothomha experimentat la manera com unesdeveniment o una informaci puntualpoden canviar la percepci de la realitatsense que aquesta shagi vist modificada.s el que passa, per exemple, quan

alg es trenca la cama i de sobte percepque hi ha molta gent amb problemes demobilitat i sadona de la presncia din-nombrables obstacles arquitectnics

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Sensitising is a process similar tolearningbecause, thanks to experienceand the influence of other people, onediscovers hitherto unknown realities. Thisprocess takes place throughout life in aspontaneous manner: as a persons per-sonality develops, they acquire knowledgeand the perception of the world is modi-fied. Sensitivity is therefore a permanentlyevolving trait throughout the life of aperson.

Nevertheless, when we set out on a

sensitising process that takes place in aconscious and directed manner, it turnsinto a complex and delicate issue. Com-plex because it depends on multipleinterrelated factors and because it doesnot respond to a universal, univocal andunidirectional mechanism. And deli-cate because it has an ethical dimensionthat distances it from manipulation or

indoctrination.

que fins llavors li havien passatinadvertits.

La sensibilitzaci s un procs similara laprenentatgeperqu, grcies a lexpe-rincia i a la influncia de les altres per-sones, descobreix realitats desconegudesfins al moment. Aquest procs t lloc totala vida de manera espontnia: a mesuraque la personalitat es desenvolupa, sad-quireixen coneixements i la percepci delmn es modifica. La sensibilitat s, doncs,un tret en evoluci permanent al llarg de

la vida de les persones.Ara b, quan es planteja que el procs

de sensibilitzaci tingui lloc duna ma-nera conscient i dirigida, aquesta esdevuna qesti complexa i delicada. Com-plexa perqu depn de mltiples factorsinterrelacionats i perqu no respon a unmecanisme universal, unvoc i unidirec-cional. I delicada perqu t una dimensi

tica, que lallunya de la manipulacio ladoctrinament.

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What is raisingawareness, or sensitising,in landscape; whatare its purposes?

As we have established, sensitising has aclose relationship with perception. Whenwe speak of raising awareness, or sensitis-ing, on landscape, this relationship is dou-bly intense because landscape has in itselfan individual and perceptive dimension.

In the case of landscape, the matteron which the senses focus is thus not

a totally tangible and objectivable realitybut rather presents intangible and sub-jective components associated with eachperson (like the emotions, valuesor interests it awakens in each one of us).Moreover, landscape is perceived differ-ently in the course of a persons life, bothindividually and socially, and over timeacquires and loses significance, gains andloses emotional implications, goes inand out of fashion. At a social level thesame landscape, a marsh, for example,


Qu s la sensibilitzacien paisatge i quinesfinalitats t?

Com sha posat de manifest, la sensibilit-zaci t una relaci estreta amb la per-cepci. Quan es parla de sensibilitzacien paisatge, aquesta relaci s doblementintensa, perqu el paisatge t una dimen-si individual i perceptiva en si mateix.

En el cas del paisatge, la matriasobrela qual es focalitzen els sentits no s unarealitat totalment tangible i objectivable,

sin que presenta components intangiblesi subjectius associats a cada persona (comles emocions, els valors o els interessosque desperta en cadasc). Daltra banda,el paisatge s percebut de manera dife-rent al llarg de la vida duna persona, tantindividualment com socialment, i amb eltemps, adquireix i perd significats, guanyai perd implicacions emocionals, passa o esposa de moda. En lmbit social, un ma-teix paisatge uns aiguamolls, per exem-ple sha percebut, segons les poques,

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has been perceived, depending on the era,as an inhospitable space, as a place to becolonised or as a natural haven.

Raising awareness on landscape canthus not be conceived as a simple transferof knowledge that reveals what isbut as

an open and interactive processthatimproves the disposition of people inperceiving the various stimuli from thelandscape and which provides food forthought that helps to understand it.

Raising awareness on landscape simul-taneously mobilises irrational and rationalelements and is inevitably linked to theobjectives pursued in each case.

The objectivesof an awareness-raisingprocess can have a highly variable reach:they can be aimed at landscape generi-cally or at a particular landscape; theycan pursue general results or specificones; equally, they can aspire to reach thepopulation as a whole or a segment of it.

Nevertheless, in all awareness-raisingprocesses there is the recognition of astarting situation, established through arigorous and honest analysis of peoplesthoughts on and attitudes towards thelandscape, and there is the decided will tolaunch a coherent set of actions that leadto improving the initial situation. And thisprocess has to be undertaken while re-specting the variety of existing individualsensibilities and interests.

Raising awareness on landscape re-

quires a creative and innovative attitudethat is able to attract attention and elicitreactions in people that promote reflec-tion, create new links and promote achange of attitude and can target all ages,though it requires adapting the strategies,expressive resources and language to eachage bracket. In the case of children andadolescents, school is the ideal framework

for raising awareness, because it can benaturally associated to the rest of thelearning process, but this does not ex-clude the opportunities offered by other

com un espai inhspit, com un lloc acolonitzar o com un parads natural.

La sensibilitzaci en paisatge, doncs,no es pot concebre com un simple trans-vasament de coneixements que revelenall que s, sin com un procs obert iinteractiuque millora la disposici de lespersones a percebre els diversos estmulsprocedents daquest paisatge i que pro-porciona elements de reflexi que ajudena comprendrel.

La sensibilitzaci en paisatge mobilitzaelements irracionals i racionals simult-niament i est inevitablement lligada alsobjectius que es persegueixen en cada cas.

Els objectiusdun procs de sen-sibilitzaci poden tenir un abast moltvariable: poden dirigir-se al paisatge deforma genrica o a un de concret; podenpretendre uns resultats generals o b unsdespecfics; aix mateix, poden aspirar aarribar al conjunt de la poblaci o nomsa un segment.

En tots els processos de sensibilitzacihi ha el reconeixement duna situaci departida, establerta sobre la base dunaanlisi rigorosa i honesta dels pensamentsi les actituds de les persones envers el pai-satge, i hi ha la voluntat decidida de posaren marxa un conjunt coherent daccionsque permetin millorar la situaci inicial.s important que aquest procs es portia terme respectant la varietat de sensibili-tats individuals i dinteressos existents.

La sensibilitzaci en paisatge reque-reix una actitud creativa i innovadora,capa datraure latenci i de suscitarreaccions en les persones que promoguinla reflexi, cren nous vincles i empenyina canviar dactituds. Es pot dirigir a totesles edats, si b cal modelar les estratgi-es, els recursos expressius i el llenguatgeper a cada franja. En el cas dels infants i

els adolescents, lescola s un marc idonide sensibilitzaci, perqu es pot associarde forma natural a la resta daprenen-tatges, per aix no exclouen les

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social contexts (family life, leisure activi-ties, cultural services, etc).

Distinctive traits ofraising awareness onlandscape

The process of raising awareness on land-scape has to take into account the follow-ing general criteria:

Taking as the basis a holistic visionof landscape, given that this is a com-plex reality that cannot be reduced to asingle dimension without distorting itsnature.

Basing ourselves on a dynamic visionof landscape, because (even though ourattention is often only captured by thestatic elements) landscape is a changingreality. And because the relations thatpeople and societies establish in it alsochange.

Considering the existence of a varietyof individuals, with differing disposi-tions, knowledge and interests, evenwhen addressed at a group with a het-erogeneous profile.

Having a universal vocation, evenwhen addressed at a specific popula-tion group, because it aspires to exert apositive influence on the perception andattitudes towards the landscape of thecitizenry as a whole.

Having the determination to project it

over time, as it acts on issues that arenot modelled immediately but requirea slow apprehending and adapting proc-ess by each individual.


oportunitats que ofereixen els altrescontextos socials (la vida familiar,les activitats de lleure, els serveis cultu-rals, etc.).

Trets distintius dela sensibilitzaci enpaisatge

El procs de sensibilitzaci en paisatgeha de tenir en compte els criteris generals

segents:

Adoptar una visi holstica, ats queel paisatge s una realitat complexaque no es pot reduir a una sola dimen-si sense que sen desvirtu la sevanaturalesa.

Adoptar en una visi dinmica, perqutot i que latenci sovint noms captaels elements esttics el paisatge s unarealitat canviant. I perqu tamb can-vien les relacions que les persones i lessocietats hi estableixen.

Considerar lexistncia de subjectesdiversos, amb una disposici, unsconeixements i uns interessos diferents,fins i tot quan es dirigeix a un grup amb

un perfil homogeni.

Tenir una vocaci universal, encaraque es dirigeixi a un grup especfic depoblaci, perqu aspira a exercir unainfluncia positiva en la percepci i enles actituds envers el paisatge del con-junt de la ciutadania.

Tenir una voluntat de projecci tem-poral, ja que actua sobre qestions queno es modelen de manera immediata,sin que requereixen un procs lent

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Preferentially basing ourselves onpeoples experiencesof interrelatingwith the landscape, whether directly orindirectly, because the activation of theirsensibilities preferably requires thatexperiences are lived.

Adopting a didactic approach, articu-lated around a set of key concepts andprocedures that stimulate an interactiveprocess of dialogue between people andthe landscape, in which the former askquestions and seek answers.

Using a wide range of expressive

resources(in order to apply the mostsuitable ones to the particularitiesof each age bracket, social group orspecific objectives) and an appropriatelanguage. Communication is a key ele-ment in raising awareness, and if it failsthere are few possibilities of achievingeffectiveness.

Phases in raisingawareness

As in any process, raising awarenessoccurs through a series of phases thatideally emerge successively in a growing

process of personal involvement:

1.Awakening interestin the landscape.

2.Discovering an active rolein the trans-formation of the landscape.

3.Becoming awareof the right to land-scape as a citizen (and of its attendant

obligations).

4.Adopting a positiveattitude towardsthe relationship with the landscape.

daprehensi i adaptaci per part decada individu.

Recrrer preferentment a lexperinciapersonaldinterrelaci de les personesamb el paisatge, tant si aquesta s directa

com indirecta, perqu lactivaci de lasensibilitat requereix preferiblement queles experincies siguin viscudes.

Partir dun enfocament didctic,articulat al voltant dun conjunt deconceptes clau i de procediments queestimulin un procs interactiu de dilegde les persones amb el paisatge, en el

qual aquestes es plantegen preguntesi busquen respostes.

Utilitzar una gamma de recursosexpressiusmplia (per aplicar els msadients a les particularitats de cadafranja dedat, de cada grup socialo duns objectius especfics) i un llen-guatge apropiat. La comunicaci sun element clau en la sensibilitzaci,i si falla hi ha poques possibilitats quesigui efica.

Etapes de lasensibilitzaci

Com en qualsevol procs, la sensibilitza-ci en paisatge t lloc a travs dunasrie detapes que emergeixen de manerasuccessiva a mesura que creix la implica-ci personal:

1.Desvetllar linterspel paisatge.

2.Descobrir el rol actiuen la transfor-

maci del paisatge.

3.Prendre conscinciadel dret al pai-satge (i dels deures consegents).

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5.Acquiring responsible practicesin theactions and decisions that affect thelandscape.

Even though in reality it is very difficultto distinguish one phase from another,

because they may occur simultane-ously, when it comes to projecting anawareness-raising process we must keepin mind that completing each phase is anecessary conditionfor passing on tothe next. It is possible that in a particularprocess, depending on its specificities,not all phases occur, but in any case thelogical sequence between them will be

maintained.

Purposes of raisingawareness

Even though each awareness-raisingproject pursues its own objectives, alllandscape-related awareness-raisingexperiences seek to have a positive influ-ence on peoples values and attitudestowards the landscape and, indirectly,on improving the state of landscapes. In


4.Adoptar una actitudpositiva envers larelaci amb el paisatge.

5.Adquirir una prcticaresponsable enles accions i les decisions que afectenel paisatge.

Tot i que s molt difcil destriar unaetapa duna laltra, perqu poden ser si-multnies, a lhora de projectar un procsde sensibilitzaci cal tenir present quela superaci de cada esgla s la condi-ci necessriaperqu es produeixin elssegents. s possible que en un procsdeterminat, en funci de les seves espe-

cificitats, no es passi per totes les etapes,per en tot cas s que es mantindr laseqncia lgica entre elles.

Finalitats de lasensibilitzaci

Malgrat que cada projecte persegueixuns objectius particulars, totes lesexperincies de sensibilitzaci en paisat-ge pretenen influir positivament en elsvalors i en les actituds de les personesenvers el paisatge i, indirectament, enla millora del seu estat. Duna formagenrica, les finalitats principals de lasensibilitzaci sn:

Incentivar o desvetllar linters pelpaisatgede les persones, de manera quenaugmenti el nivell de coneixements.

Generar valors que es tradueixin enlestabliment de vincles positiusambel paisatge, basats en lapreciaci i elrespecte al patrimoni natural i hum.

Difondre els drets i deuresen relaciamb el paisatge a travs del foment deconductes responsables i constructives,

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generic terms, the main purposes of rais-ing awareness are:

To stimulate or awaken interest inlandscapeamong people to increasetheir level of knowledge on it.

To generate values that translate intothe establishment of positive linkswiththe landscape, based on appreciationand respect for the natural and humanheritage.

To disseminate rights and obligationsin regard to landscape through fostering

a responsible and constructive conduct,both in the personal and in the profes-sional or social sphere.

To strengthen social cohesionthroughthe landscapes capacity to create orexpress shared meanings and to con-tribute to the creation of a sense ofcommunity.

To favour the harmonious evolu-tionof landscapes as citizens interestin the state of landscapes increasestogether with their level of demand andresponsibility.

To improve peoples quality of life.Enjoying cared-for and orderly land-scapes has benefits for citizens health

and quality of life.

To strengthen democratic practicesand tolerance through involving peoplein collective participation, mediationand social concert processes.

To involve the social fabricas a whole(citizens in general, technicians or

experts, public and private social enti-ties, political institutions, etc) in theprocesses of landscape protection, man-agement and development.

tant en lmbit personal com en el pro-fessional o social.

Enfortir la cohesi socialmitjanantla capacitat que t el paisatge de crearo expressar significats compartits i de

contribuir a crear sentit de comunitat.

Afavorir levoluci harmnicadelspaisatges a mesura que linters de laciutadania pel seu estat augmenta i quetamb creix el seu nivell dexigncia ide responsabilitat.

Millorar la qualitat de vidade les

persones; i s que gaudir de paisatgescuidats i ordenats t beneficis sobre lasalut i la qualitat de vida dels ciutadans.

Enfortir les prctiques democrtiquesi la tolerncia mitjanant la implicacide les persones en processos collectiusde participaci, de mediaci i de con-certaci social.

Implicar el conjunt del teixit social(la ciutadania en general, els tcnicso experts, les entitats socials pbliquesi privades, les institucions poltiques,etc.) en els processos de protecci,gesti i ordenaci del paisatge.

10007 Que Es Paisatge

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