Post on 23-Jan-2017
Engineered Nanomaterials in FoodBy Paloma Tracy and Mariah Poitier
Vocab http://www
.confessionsofahomeschooler.com/blog/2013/05/hoeschool-vocabulary-curriculum-forum.html
Vocab
ENM-Engineered Nanomaterialsadsorption - Capability of a solid substance to attract to its surface molecules of a gas or solution agglomerationaggregation- a group or mass of distinct or varied thingsoxidation-reaction in which a material gives up electronsreduction reactions-the gaining of electrons. bioaccumulate-become concentrated in the bodies of living things
Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs)3 categories:
inorganicsurface functionalized materialsorganic
Seen in Sunscreens, Cosmetics , Sports Equipment
http://seas.yale.edu/faculty-research/research-areas/nanomaterials
What is Nanofood?contain engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)
metal oxide nanoparticlesman-made nanoparticles such as silver, titanium dioxide,
zinc oxide, silica, etc.used in food supplements and food packaging
http://www.earth911.com/content/uploads/2011/03/Chip-Bags.jpg
Inorganic Nanomaterials
found in food additives and food packaging/ storage
ENMs of...transition metals (silver, iron, titanium, and
zinc)alkaline earth metals (calcium and
magnesium)non-metals (selenium and silicates)s1.ibtimes.com (source)
Properties of ENMs
NanoSilver Anti Microbial, Anti Odor, Supplements
NanoTitaniniuumBlock UV rays, Prevents microbial growth
Nano ZincAbsorbs UV w/o emitting heat
NanoSilicaCaking Agent
ApplicationsNanoSilver
textiles , cosmetic/ hygiene, appliances , cleaning agents
NanoTitianumpaints, plastics, colorants
Nano ZincPolymer composites , multivitamin
NanoSilicas3-production.bobvila.com
food additives, therapeutic agent
Application in food
Benefits of Nanofood
improved taste, texture, and consistencypreservation (shelf life extension) → enable
the foods to be transported further150-600 nanofoods and 400-500 nano food
packaging applications are on the marketwww-tc.pbs.org
http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1017641-risky_business/
Risk Assessmentfood contamination may come from
nano pesticidescontact of food with nanoparticulate-based coatings during preparation or
processing migration of ENMs from food packagingsurface coatings can make non harmful particles highly toxic
lack of dataanimal testing shows potential harm for humans
possible correlation between ENMs and chronic disorders and autoimmune diseases
Risk Assessment - Humansexpose humans to man-made nanoparticles
alter body metabolismAg - “damage cells derived from human and mammalian skin, liver, lung, brain,
vascular, and reproductive tissues”TiO2 - absorbed through the lung or GIT into systemic circulation and then
distributed in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and brainhealth complications
size allows ENMs to enter the food chain and bloodstream undetected and accumulate within tissues and organs
low solubility allows ENMs to cross the “gastrointestinal tract as an intact particle”harm the GIT by interacting with surfaces or inhabitants of the lumen (microbiota)induce oxidative stress, release toxic ions, disrupt electron/ion cell membrane
transport activity and cause oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation
Risk Assessment - EnvironmentENMs may “undergo diverse physical, chemical, and
biological transformations” such as deposition, adsorption, agglomeration, aggregation, and oxidation/reduction reactions
environmental factors (pH, salinity, microbes, natural organic material) may affect the reactivity, mobility, and toxicity of ENMs
ENMs may bioaccumulate () in the food chain
Conclusion
increased use of ENMs in consumer products will increase concern about potential human toxicity and environmental impact
“urgent need to gather information on this subject” to determine: will the potential dangers outweigh the benefits?
References1. http://www.earth911.com/content/uploads/2011/03/Chip-Bags.jpg2. Martirosyan, Alina, and Yves-Jacques Schneider. "Engineered Nanomaterials in
Food: Implication for Food Safety and Consumer Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 28 May 2014. Web.